18.

Family health and planning

REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND MCH

Describe the terms holistic care approach in medicine, healthy

family, and family planning

Holistic care
A system of comprehensive or total patient care that considers the
physical, emotional, social, economic, and spiritual needs of the person
Also called comprehensive patient care.
Healthy family
Physical wellbeing
Mental wellbeing
Social wellbeing of family members.
Family planning
Planning that leads to health of family members, Includes decision-making
about number and spacing of children and Policy issues regarding family
planning

Describe family-centered medicine

Describe the use of contraception in family planning

Promotion of family planning and ensuring access to preferred
contraceptive methods for women and couples is essential to securing
the well-being and autonomy of women, while supporting the health and
development of communities.

Describe indicators of maternal and child health (MCH) care with the
examples in Malaysia
Abortion rate , Still birth rate (SBR) ,Perinatal mortality rate ,Infant
mortality rate (IMR), Maternal mortality rate (MMR)

19. Immunization
Describe the aims, objectives and rationale of immunization at PHC

Primary prevention. Making Susceptible Host to become Resistant

Herd (Mass) Immunity

Describe immunization schedule in Malaysia

Newborn: BCG HB1

1 month:

HB2

2 months:

DTaP+IPV+Hib - 1

3 months:

DTaP+IPV+Hib 2

5 months:

DTaP+IPV+Hib 3

6 months:

HB3

Measles (Sabah)

10 months:

JE1 (Sarawak only)

12 months: MMR1

JE2 (Sarawak only)

18 months: DTaP+IPV+Hib4

JE3

4 years old

JE4

7 years old: MMR2: BCG (if no scar) DT booster

13 years old: HPV (3 doses within 6 months)

Describe CPG of adult immunization

Anthrax,Diphtheria,HA,HB,JE,Measles,Mumps,Tetanus,Polio,Typhoid,
Cholera
Influenza,Lyme,Meningococcal,Pneumococcal,Rabies,Tick-borne
encephalitis
BCG
Mandatory -Endemic areas: Yellow fever, Meningococcal(Haj and Umrah
pilgrims)
Risk groups - Health personnel,Elderly ,Postman,Miss during childhood
immunization

21. health education

1)describe components of health education
Growth & Development,Physical Activity & Fitness,Nutrition,Mental
Health,Family Life

Interpersonal Relationships,Disease Prevention & Control,Safety & Injury

Prevention
Tobacco, Alcohol & Other Substances,Violence Prevention,Consumer
Health
Ecological Health,Community & Public Health

2)List goals of health education

To become models of wellness;,To acquire and evaluate health-related
information,To make knowledgeable decisions to improve health,To apply
decisions to improve physical, mental, and social well-being and that of
their peers, families and communities

22. Health promotion

1)Students should be able to define health promotion.
The process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve,
their health
2) Community action - actions by communities to change their
surroundings include community participation in health decision-making
Health behaviours actions people undertake to be healthy, Utilization
behaviours utilization of health services, Illness behaviours - recognition
of symptoms and prompt self-referral,Compliance (adherence) following
course of prescribed medicines,Rehabilitation behaviours what people
need to do after an illness/surgery to recoverList the important factors of
health promotion.
3)List main determinants of health in domain of health promotion
Health education, service improvement,advocacy

23. PRIORITIZATION OF HEALTH PROBLEMS

1)List Country Health Programming Process
Identification of the health needs (epidemiology),PrioritizationSetting
objectives and targets,Activities and tasks,Translate activities into
strategies,Alternatives and cost analysis,Submission of the plan for
approval,
2)Describe identification of health needs -Data
collection,Analysis,Interpretation

3)Describe Prioritization of health problems,

P = MIV/C
Magnitude of the problem,Implications,Vulnerability to existing
technology,Cost
4)Describe National Plan of Malaysia,
Outline Perspective Plan (Long Term Strategic Plan)
OPP1 (1971 1990),OPP2 (1991 2000),OPP3 (2001 2010)
Five Year Malaysia Plan,First and second Malaya Plans (1971-),First to 10th
Malaysia Plans (1996-)

5)Describe Country Health Plan (CHP) of Malaysia

24. COMMON URBAN HEALTH PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED IN PHC SETTINGS

1)Define urban

Describe urbanization
Describe urbanization in Malaysia

Describe urbanization and health issues

Describe air pollution and urban health

Urban areas are more vulnerable to air pollution than rural: Motor
vehicles, industrialization, high population density
It is measured by API (Air Pollutant Index)