Midterms Reviewer

√
1. Prove that A(−5, 0), B(3, 0), and C(−1, 4 3) are vertices of an equilateral triangle.
2. Show that (7, −1), (3, 5) and (1, −5) are vertices of an isosceles triangle.
3. Find the value of y so that the points A(3, 5), B(−4, y), and C(−1, 3) form a right triangle.
4. Find the equations of the diagonals of the rectangle formed by the lines x = 2, x = 10, y = −1, and y = 2.
√
5. Graph the equation y − 2 = 1 − x + 3.
6. Given the equation y = 1 − |x + 4|,

(a) determine the x− and y− intercepts.

(b) sketch the graph of the equation.
(c) The above equation is symmetric with respect to a particular line. What is the equation of this line of
symmetry?

7. Given the equation y = 4 − (x + 1)3 ,

(a) determine the x− and y− intercepts.

(b) sketch the graph of the equation.
(c) The above equation is symmetric with respect to a point. What is the coordinates of this point of
symmetry?

8. Given the equation y = 1 − |x − 2|.

(a) Find its x and y-intercepts.

(b) Sketch its graph. Label all intercepts obtained in (a) in your graph.

9. Find all value(s) of t such that the points A(t − 1, 2t − 1), B(4, 1 − 2t) and C(−3, 3t + 5) are collinear.
10. Consider the system
½ ½
x − ky = 2 − 3k x + ky = 1
(a) (b)
2x + k 2 y = 16 kx − y = −1

Find the values of k for which the system will have

(a) a unique solution (b) no solutions (c) infinitely many solutions.

11. Find the value(s) of r such that the line formed by (r, r2 ) and (−18, 12) will be parallel to the line formed by
(5, 7) and (0.3).
12. Find the value(s) of k such that the lines whose equations are 3kx + 8y = 5 and 6y − 4kx = −1 become (a)
perpendicular (b) parallel (c) coincidental.
13. Find the equation of the line with the same x-intercept as x − 34 y = 7 and the same slope as x − 2y = 721 .
14. Find the equation of the line perpendicular to the line −2x − y = −10 and containing the midpoint of the
segment joining the x and y-intercept of the line 2x + y = 4.
15. Solve the following systems of equations:

 5 3 
½   3 8
 + =3  − =5
3|x − y| − 2|x + y| = −35 |x + 2| − y |x + 2| + y x + 2y x − y
(a) (b) 1 9 (c) 5 4
4|x + y| − 17|x − y| = 15 
 + =2 
 − =4
|x + 2| − y |x + 2| + y x + 2y x − y

16. Find the equation of the circle passing through (1, 1), (−2, 3) and (3, 4).
17. Find the equation of the tangent line to the circle with equation x2 + y 2 − 10x − 14y + 25 = 0 that passes
through the point (−2, 7).
18. A square circumscribes a circle centered at (5, − 52 ). Two of the points where the circle and the square touch
√ √
are (0, 52 + 3) and (0, 52 − 3). Find the radius of the circle. Find the equation of the lines containing the
sides of the square through the two given tangent points.
19. Find the equation of a circle that passes through the points (−1, 21 ) and (5, 1) and whose center is on the line
y = 7 − x.
20. Find the equation of a circle on the first quadrant that is tangent to the x-axis, y-axis and to the circle with
equation x2 + 10x + y 2 − 4y − 20 = 0.
21. Find the equation of the circle tangent to the line 4x − 3y + 12 = 0 at the point (−3, 0) and also tangent to
the line 3x + 4y − 16 = 0 at the point (4, 1).

22. The line L1 : 2y = x + 4 is tangent to a circle at point (0, 2). The line L2 : 2x − y − 7 = 0 is tangent to the
same circle at the point (3, −1). Find the equation of the circle in center-radius form. Then draw a sketch of
the graph of the circle.

23. The center of a circle is the point (5, 5).

(a) Find the equation of the radius passing through the point of tangency of the tangent line y = 34 x + 10
3 .
(Note: You do not need to compute the point of tangency yet.)
(b) Find the general form of the equation of the circle.

24. Find the equation of the common chord of the two circles x2 + y 2 − 4x − 1 = 0 and x2 + y 2 − 2y − 9 = 0.
Then sketch the graphs of both circles and the common chord on the same set of coordinate axes and label the
intersection points.
25. For what values of a and b will x2 + y 2 + ax + by = 22.5 be the equation of a circle having (2.5, −4.5) at its
center? Find the radius of the circle.
√
26. The
√ figure formed by the line y − 3x = 0, the x-axis and a third line is an equilateral triangle whose area is
4 3. If the triangle is on the first quadrant, what is the equation of the third line?

27. A median of a triangle is a line segment from a vertex to the midpoint of the opposite side. Find the lengths
of the medians of the triangle having vertices A(−3, 5), B(2, 4), and C(−1, −4).
28. Consider the line l and a point (x, y) not on the line. Suppose that l⊥ is the line perpendicular to l containing
the point (x, y). The distance (perpendicular distance) of (x, y) to the line l is the distance of (x, y) to the
point of intersection of lines l and l⊥ . Find the distance of the point ( 27 , 92 ) from the line x + y = 1.
9 7
29. A triangle is placed on the xy-plane such that one of its side lies on the line
¡ 1 y¢= − 72 x + 2 ¡and the¢ point
opposite this side lies on the line y = 5x + 3. The midpoints of each side are 2 , 1 , (0, 2 ) and − 12 , 11
2 . Find
the vertices of the triangle.
30. The distance between 2 cars is 140 km. If the cars are driven toward each other, they will meet in 48 minutes.
However, if they are driven in the same direction, they will meet in 4 hours. What is the rate at which each
car is driven?
31. On a fence are sparrows and pigeons. When 5 pigeons leave, there remains two pigeons for every sparrow.
Afterwards, 25 pigeons leave, and there are now 3 sparrows for every pigeon. Find the original number of
sparrows on the fence.

32. The perimeter of a rectangular ricefield is 54 m. If 7 such fields were placed side by side, the perimeter of the
new field would be twice that of the original field. Find the dimensions of the original field.
33. A flask containing 200 cc of 80% iodine solution tips over, spilling part of its contents. This was replaced by
an equal amount from a mixture of 40% iodine solution. If a 72% solution resulted, how much was spilled?
34. A chemist has two acid solutions. One contains 15 percent acid and the other contains 6 percent acid. How
many cubic centimeters of each solution should be used to obtain 400 cubic centimeters of a solution that is 9
percent acid?
35. If the numerator and denominator of a fraction are both increased by 5, the resulting fraction is equivalent to
2
3 . However, if the numerator and denominator are both decreased by 5, the resulting fraction is equivalent to
3
7 . What is the fraction?

36. Ding and Dong were hired to do a project. Initially, they work together but after two hours, Ding left and
Dong finished the job in 3 more hours. Had Dong left (instead of Ding), Ding will finish the job in 4 more
hours. If none of them left, how many more hours would it take both of them, working together, to finish the
project?
37. Two candles of the same length burn out completely in 6 hours and 8 hours respectively. What time should
the candles be lit simultaneously so that one candle is twice as long as the other at exactly midnight?
38. Solve the system of nonlinear equations.
½
(x + 1)2 + |(x + 1)(y − 2)| + (y − 2)2 = 7
(a)
x2 + y 2 + 2x − 4y − 5 = 0

½  1 2
 2+ 2 = 7
3y = x2 − 6x x y
(b) (c) 1 4
(x − 3)2 + y 2 + 4y + 3 = 0 
 − 4 = 7
x4 y
39. Solve the ff. nonlinear system algebraically. Then sketch the graph of both equations on the same set of
coordinate axes and indicate the intersection points.
(
(x − 2)2 + (y − 1)2 = 16
y + 3 = (x − 2)2

40. Consider x2 + y 2 = r2 and y = mx + b. Find the value(s) of b in terms of r and m so that the graphs of the
two given equations will intersects at one and only one point.
√ √
41. The hypotenuse of a right triangle is 2 6 while its area is 4 2 cm. Find the lengths of the triangle’s legs.
42. A square figure is changed so that one pair of opposite sides is increased by d units while the other pair is
decreased by d units. If the area of the resulting figure is 12 sq. units and length of its diagonal is 5 units, find
the dimensions of the resulting figure.
43. The cost of the paint for a rectangular box with a square base and an open top was $0.24 per square yard for
the base and $0.16 per square yard for the sides. The total paint cost was $27.84. Find the dimensions (in
yards) of the box if the combined area of the base and sides was 156 square yards.
44. Explain why the set of ordered pairs (x, y) where x + y ≤ 0 is not a function.
45. Explain why the relation |x − 1| = |2 − y| is not a function.
46. The lines f (x) = ax + b and g(x) = bx − a are perpendicular lines.

(a) Find f (0) · g(0).

g(1)
(b) If = 5 and a > 0, what is the value of a?
f (0)
√ √
47. If f (g(1 − x)) = x2 − 5x + 6 and f (x) = x − 3, what is f (g(4)) + f (4)?
48. Let f be a function whose domain is the set of all real numbers and which satisfies the following equation:
(1 + x2 )f (x) + f (1 − x) = 1 + 2x + x2 . Find the value of f (0).
½ ½
3 − 2x if x < 3 3g(x + 1) if x 6= 3
49. Given f (x) = g(x) = Find the numerical value of
2x + 3 if x ≥ 3 f (x) − f (x − 1) if x = 3
g(0).
50. Suppose that f (x) = 1 + x and g(x) = x2 − x. Find g(f (0)), (f ◦ g)(3), g(f (2) + 3), and f (2g(1)).
√ r
1 1−x 1 x2
51. Find the domain of (a) f (x) = √ (b) f (x) = 2
(c) f (x) = (d) f (x) =
1+x−2 q 2x − 3x − 2 x 4 − x2
r s 3 √ 1 r
1 √ |x − 1| 5−x
−5 x−1 p
− x 2 + x. (e) f (x) = + . (f) (g) 1 − |x|
2x − x2 4 − (x − 3)2 (x + 1)2 − 4 |x| − 1

√ x+1 (x + 2)2 + 1
52. Suppose that h(x) = x, f (x) = , and f (g(x)) = .
x−1 (x + 2)2 − 1
(a) Find the domain of f ◦ h.
(b) Find f (h(g(x))).
(c) If k(x) = h(x + 1), find the domain of k ◦ g.

53. Given

x 2x − 1 2
f (x) = g(x) = f [x − h(x)] =
x−2 x x
(a) Find f [g(x)] and g[f (x)].
(b) Find the domain of f [g(x)] and g[f (x)].
(c) Find h(x).

54. Sketch the graph of the following function, find its zeros and state its domain and range. Label all important
points (vertex, intercepts, endpoints when applicable).
 2
 x + x + 1 if x ≤ −1
f (x) = x2 if −1 < x < 2

(x − 2)2 − 4 if x≥2
Also, sketch the possible graph for y = |f (x)|.


 √ − 32 x + 3 if x ≤ −2
55. Consider the following function: h(x) = 4 − x2 if − 2 < x < 2


−2 if x≥2

(a) Sketch its graph. Label all endpoints of each branch.

(b) What is the domain and range of h?

56. Consider the following function:



 −2x −6 if x < −2
√
h(x) = − 4 − x2 if − 2 ≤ x < 2


(x − 2)2 if x≥2

(a) Sketch its graph. Label all endpoints of each branch.

(b) What is the domain and range of h?

57. Sketch the graph, find the zeros and the range of the function.


 −2x − 16 if −8 ≤ x < −4


 √ √
58. Given the function f (x) = x2 − 1 and g(x) = x − 1,

(a) Compute f ◦ g.
(b) Determine the domain of f ◦ g.

x2 + 1 √ x
59. Given that f (x) = , g(x) = x − 2, and h(x) = , find
x4 2
− 2x + 1 x+1
(a) the domains of f and g.
(b) f ◦ g and its domain.
(c) k(x) if h(k(x)) = h(x)k(x).
1
60. If f (x) = and g(x) = x2 − 1, find the domain of f ◦ g and g ◦ f .
x−1
√ √
61. If f (x) = x2 − 1 and g(x) = x − 1, find f ◦ g and its domain.
√
62. Let f (x) = x2 + 2x + 5 and g(x) = x + 2.

(a) Determine f ◦ g. Find its domain.

(b) Find a function (or functions) h(x) so that f ◦ h(x) = |x|.
13x − 11 2x − 3
63. If f ◦ g(x) = and f (x) = , find g(x).
5 − 10x x+4
x+2 1
64. If f ◦ g(x) = and f (x) = , find g(x).
x 3−x
√ √
65. If f (g(1 − x)) = x2 − 5x + 6 and f (x) = x − 3, what is f (g(4)) + g(4)?
µ ¶
1 x+2 1
66. If f ◦ g = and f (x) = , find g(x).
x x 3−x
67. If f (2x − 1) = 8x3 − 12x2 + 4x, what is f (x)?
68. The polynomial f (x) has exactly 10 distinct zeros (also known as roots). If you sum these roots, you get 25.
Find the sum of the roots of f (2x − 1).
69. Suppose that the function f (x) has 2005 distinct zeroes having a sum of S. Find the sum of the zeroes of the
function g(x) = f (2x − 3).
70. Find the values of a and b so that the quadratic equation f (x) = ax2 + bx − 3 has a vertex at (2, 1).
71. The graph of y = ax2 + bx + c has its lowest point at (1, −2). Find the values of a, b and c if the y-intercept is
3.
72. Given the quadratic function f (x) = (4 − k 2 )x2 + kx + 1:

(a) For what value(s) of k will its graph be opening downwards?

(b) For what value(s) of k will its range be {y|y ≤ 2}?

73. Find a value (or values) of k so that f (x) = −k 2 x2 + 2x − 6 achieves its maximum at 4.
74. Find all value(s) of a and b such that the quadratic function f (x) = ax2 + bx − 3 has vertex at (2, 1).
75. Find the values of b and c such that the graph of the quadratic function f (x) = x2 + bx + c is tangent to the
x-axis at x = 5.
76. Given the functions
p
f (x) = (2 − x)(x − 1) and g(x) = (2 − x)(x − 1)

(a) Find the maximum value of f (x).

(b) Find the maximum value of g(x).
(c) Sketch the graph of f .

77. A square figure is changed so that its one pair of opposite sides is increased by d units, while the other pair is
decreased by d units. If the area of the resulting figure is 12 square units, and the length of its diagonal is 5
units, what is the length of the sides of the original square figure?
78. The perimeter of a rectangular platform is 24 m. The length of a similarly shaped plastic sheet needed to cover
it is 2 m more than that of the platform while the width is 5 m less than twice that of the platform. What are
the dimensions of the platform if its area is 16
33 that of the plastic sheet.

79. A piece of tin is in the form of a rectangle whose area is 486 cm2 . A square of 3 cm is cut from each corner,
and an open box is made by turning up the ends and sides. If the volume of the box is 504 cm3 , what are the
dimensions of the piece of tin?
80. An object is projected vertically upward with an initial velocity of v0 ft/s and its distance f (t) in feet above
the ground after t seconds is given by

f (t) = −16t2 + v0 t

(a) If the object hits the ground after 12 seconds, find its initial velocity v0 .
(b) Find its maximum distance above the ground.
(c) Sketch the graph of the motion.

81. 100 people will buy a certain snack when the cost is P30. The number of people who buy decreases by 40 for
each P10 added to the price. What price of the snack will yield the greatest gross revenue.
82. A store can sell 120 ballpens per week at P8 per pen. For each 50 centavo decrease in price, 10 more pens are
sold. What price should be charged in order to maximize sales income?
83. A carpenter can sell all the end tables that are made at a price of $64 per table. If x tables are built and sold
each week, then the number of dollars in the total cost of the week’s production is x2 + 16x + 225. How many
tables should be constructed each week in order for the carpenter to have the greatest weekly profit? What is
the greatest weekly total profit?
84. A student club on a college campus charges an annual membership dues of Php 40, less 20 centavos for each
member in excess of 60. How many members will give the club the most revenue from annual dues? What is
the maximum revenue?

85. A rectangular field is to be put up at a riverbank with 240 m of fencing material such that no fencing is required
for the side nearest the river. Fencing is to be used for the other three sides and two dividing fences that cut
the field into four pens of the same size. Find the dimensions of the field so that the enclosed area is as large
as possible.
86. You wish to fence a rectangular area beside a long wall using barbed wire. To make the three sides of this fenced
area, it will cost you P10/m to put up two sides perpendicular to the wall and P15/m for the side parallel to
the wall. If your total budget is P2,000, what are the dimensions of the largest area you can enclose?
87. Find the area of the largest rectangle which can be inscribed in a right triangle whose legs are 6 and 8 inches,
respectively. Determine its dimensions.
88. Find the area of the largest rectangle that can be inscribed in a circle of radius 10.
89. Find the solution set of each of the following.
a. |x + 4| − 2|5 − x| = 6
b. |5 − |x − 2|| ≥ 2

90. Determine whether the graph of the equation

4x2 + 4y 2 − 8y + 12x + 7 = 0

is a circle, a point or a null set. If the graph is a circle, find the center and radius. If the graph is a point,
specify the coordinates of the point.

3. Find the equation of the line parallel to the line 2y − 3x = 5 and passes through the midpoint of A(3, 7)
and B(−1, −3). Write the equation in the form y = mx + b.

4. Find the value(s) of k for which the linear system of equations

½
3x + 6ky = 7
9kx + 8y = 15

will have
a. no solution
b. infinitely many solutions
c. a unique solution

5. Solve the system of equations:

 2 12

 + =3
|x − 1| |y + 3|
 5 9
 − =1
|x − 1| |y + 3|

91. Given 4ABC with vertices A(10, 3), B(−4, 1) and C(2, −5). Find the perimeter of a triangle formed by
joining the midpoints of the sides of 4ABC.
92. The line x − 2y + 4 = 0 is tangent to a circle at (0, 2). The line y = 2x − 7 is tangent to the same circle at (3,
−1). Find the center of the circle.
93. Find the vertex, the x and y−intercepts, and the axis of symmetry of the parabola

y = − 4x2 + 12x + 7

and sketch its graph.

94. Find all the points of intersection of the graphs of the equations
½
x2 + y 2 = 25
x2 + y = 23

and draw the figure.

95. A firm specializes in sanding and varnishing hardwood floors. The cost C for this service is P500 setup charge
plus P20 per square foot for materials and labor. Suppose A is the area of the floor in square feet.

a. Find an equation relating C and A.

b. What will the firm charge to sand and varnish the floor of a room 12 feet by 11 feet?
c. What is the floor area that can be sanded and varnished for P2,750?
96. The longest side of a triangle is twice as long as the shortest side and 2 cm longer than the third side. If the
perimeter of the triangle is 33 cm, what is the length of each side?
97. Last night, Elmer started cleaning the camplus quadrangle with a floor area of 50 m2 . After 30 min, Mario
1
joined him and the two finished cleaning in 1 hours. If the two worked together at daytime with students
2
littering the quadrangle at a rate of 10 m2 per hour, they would have spent 3 hours to finish the task. How
long can Elmer clean the quadrangle alone during night time?