THEPORTFOLIO

By

TyWhalin

ENC1101FreshmanCompositionSkillsII
Mr.JoeZimmerman

29August2004
Contents

Section1:PortfolioEssays

Fiction

TheNecklace

TwoKinds....

Shopping

Topic#3Essay.498

Poetry

Chapter1pg.631orChapter15anypoem.

Chapter14orChapter17,anypoem

Homer'sOdyssey929

TenFiguresofSpeech

Drama/Film

Shakespeare'sAMidsummerNight'sDream15471548

Williams'TheGlassMenagerie..1724

FilmReport.

FilmReport,TheOtherFilmList

Section2:InClassBits..

Conclusion.

SummaryofFindings
..

InterpretationofFindings
...

Recommendations

References..

Glossary

Usingplotterminology,discusstheNecklaceandwriteafinalparagraphthatrelateswhat
youbelievethemainpointofthestoryconcerns

1.Plot

Exposition
Thestageofdramaticornarrativestructurethatintroducesallthings
necessaryforthedevelopmentoftheplot.109,1167

Complication
Astageofnarrativeanddramaticstructureinwhichthemajor
conflictsarebroughtouttherisingactionofadrama.110,1167

Conflict
Theoppositionbetweentwocharacters,betweenlargegroupsofpeople,
orbetweenprotagonistsandlargerforcessuchasnaturalobjects,

ideas,modesofbehavior,publicopinion,andthelike.Conflictmayalsobe
internalandpsychological,involvingchoicesfacinga

protagonist.Itistheessenceofplot.52,107,1166

Crisis
Thepointofuncertaintyandtensiontheturningpointthatresultsfrom
theconflictsanddifficultiesbroughtaboutthroughthecomplicationsoftheplot.
Thecrisisleadstotheclimaxthatis,tothedecisionmadebytheprotagonistto
resolvetheconflict.Sometimesthecrisisandtheclimaxareconsideredastwo
elementsofthesamestageofplotdevelopment.110,1167

Climax
(Greekfor"ladder")Thehighpointofconflictandtensionproceeding
theresolutionordenouementofadramaorstorythepointofdecision,of
inevitabilityandnoreturn.Theclimaxissometimesmergedwiththecrisisinthe
considerationofdramaticandnarrativestructure.110,1167

Resolution
("untying")orresolution.Thefinalstageofplotdevelopment,in
whichmysteriesareexplained,charactersfindtheirdestinies,andtheworkis
completed.Usuallythedenouementisdoneasspeedilyaspossible,foritoccurs
afterallconflictsareended.110,1168

DenouementSeeresolution.

2.Character

Antagonist
Theperson,idea,force,orgeneralsetofcircumstancesopposingthe
protagonist,anessentialelementofplot.52,162,1165

Protagonist
Thecentralcharacterandfocusofinterestinanarrativeordrama.
52,58,162,1165

DynamicCharacter
Aroundcharacter,onewhoundergoesadaptation,change,
orgrowth,unlikethestaticcharacter,whoremainsconstant.Inashortstory,there
isusuallyonlyonedynamiccharacter,whereasinanoveltheremaybemany.
161,1165

StaticCharacter
Acharacterwhoundergoesnochange,aflatcharacter
contrastedwithadynamiccharacter.162,1165

RoundCharacter
Acharacterwhoprofitsfromexperienceandundergoesa
changeordevelopmentusuallybutnotnecessarilytheprotagonist.161,1165,
1606

FlatCharacterAcharacter,usuallyminor,whoisnotindividualbutratheruseful
andstructural,staticandunchangingdistinguishedfromroundcharacter.162,
1165,1606

FixedCharacterSeeflatcharacter

ChoricFigure
Acharacterwhoremainsdetachedfromtheactionandwho
providescommentary.Seealsoraisonneur.1165

3.PointofView

Omniscient
Athirdpersonnarrativeinwhichthespeakerornarrator,withno
apparentlimitations,maydescribeintentions,actions,reactions,locations,and
speechesofanyorallofthecharacters,andmayalsodescribetheirinnermost
thoughts(whennecessary).55,231

LimitedOmniscient
Athirdpersonnarrationinwhichtheactionsandthoughts
oftheprotagonistarethefocusofattention.55,231

FirstPerson
Theuseofan"I,"orfirstperson,speakerornarratorwhotells
aboutthingsthathe/shehasseen,done,spoken,heard,thought,andalsolearned
aboutinotherways.54,58,229230,233

SecondPerson
Anarrationinwhichasecondpersonlistener("you")isthe
protagonistandthespeakerissomeonewithknowledgetheprotagonistdoesnot
possessorunderstandabouthisorherownactions(e.g.,doctor,parent,rejected
lover,etc.).230,233

Dramatic
(Objective)Athirdpersonnarrationreportingspeechandaction,but
excludingcommentaryontheactionsandthoughtsofthecharacters.55,231

Narrator
Thenarratorofastoryorpoem,thepointofview,oftenan
independentcharacterwhoiscompletelyimaginedandconsistentlymaintained
bytheauthor.Inadditiontonarratingtheessentialeventsofthework(justifying
statusasthenarrator),thespeakermayintroduceotheraspectsofhisorher
knowledgeandmayinterjectjudgmentsandopinions.Oftenthecharacterofthe
speakerisofasmuchinterestastheactionsorincidents.54,225,664See
speaker.


Author
Thepersonwritingthestory.

4.Irony

VerbalIrony
Languagestressingtheimportanceofanideabystatingopposite
ofwhatismeant.56,354,763,1169

DramaticIrony
Aspecialkindofsituationalironyinwhichacharacter
perceiveshisorherplightinalimitedwaywhiletheaudienceandoneormoreof
theothercharactersunderstanditentirely.57,355,765,1169

SituationalIrony
Atypeofironyemphasizingthathumanbeingsareenmeshed
inforcesbeyondtheircomprehensionandcontrol.355,763,1169

CosmicIrony
Situationalironythatisconnectedtoapessimisticorfatalistic
viewoflife.355

5.FiguresofSpeech

Metaphor
("carryingoutachange")Afigureofspeechthatdescribessomething
asthoughitactuallyweresomethingelse,therebyenhancingunderstandingand
insight.2,56,726

Simile
Afigureofcomparison,usinglikewithnounsandaswithclauses,asin
"thetreeswerebentbythewindlikeactorsbowingafteraperformance."726

Personification
Afigureofspeechinwhichhumancharacteristicsareattributed
tononhumanthingsorabstractions.731

Metonymy
Afigureofspeechinwhichonethingisusedasasubstitutefor
anotherwithwhichitiscloselyidentified.731

Synecdoche
Afigureofspeechinwhichapartstandsforawhole,orawholefor
apart.731

Apostrophe
Theaddressingofadiscourrsetoarealorimaginedpersonwhois
notpresentalso,aspeechtoanabstraction.730

Hyperbole
Figurativelanguageinwhichemphasisisachievedthrough
exaggeration.354,732

Understatement
Rhetorically,thedeliberateunderplayingofathingtocreate
emphasisaformofirony.354,732

Paradox
Afigureofspeechembodyingacontradictionthatisneverthelesstrue.
729

Punorparanomasia
Awittywordplaythatrevealswhichwordswithdifferent
meaningshavesimilarorevenidenticalsounds.Seealsomalapropism.731

6.OtherTerms

Image,Imagery
Imagesarereferencesthattriggerthemindtofusetogether
memoriesofsights(visual),sounds(auditory),tastes(gustatory),smells
(olfactory),motion(kinestheticandkinetic),andsensationsoftouch(tactile).
"Image"referstoasinglementalcreation."Imagery"referstoimagesthroughout
aworkorthroughouttheworksofawriterorgroupofwriters.Imagesmaybe
literal(descriptiveandpictorial)ormetaphorical(figurativeandsuggestive).2
Ch.16:695724

Scene
Inaplay,apartordivision(ofanact,asinHamlet,orentireplay,asin
DeathofaSalesman)inwhichthereisaunityofsubject,setting,and(often)
actors.

Stanza
Agroupofpoeticlinescorrespondingtoparagraphsinprosethemeters
andrhymesareusuallyrepeatingorsystematic.810

Symbol
Aspecificword,idea,orobjectthatmaystandforideas,values,
persons,orwaysoflife.5658,Ch.9:393438393395Ch.21:8859201166,
1169

Tone
Thetechniquesandmodesofpresentationthatrevealsorcreateattitudes.
56Ch.8:350392Ch.18:7587931169

Denotation
Thestandard,minimalmeaningofaword,withoutimplicationsand
connotations.315,641

Connotation
Themeaningsthatwordssuggestbeyondtheirbaredictionary
definitions.315642

Idiom
Usagethatproducesuniquewordsandphraseswithinregions,classes,or
groupse.g.,standingonlineorinlinecarryingapailorabucketdrinkingpop
orsoda.Also,thehabitsandstructuresofparticularlanguages.637

Dialect
Languagecharacteristicsinvolvingpronunciation,uniquewords,and
vocalrhythmsparticulartoregionssuchtheSouthorNewEngland,ortoseparate
nationssuchasBritainandAustralia.638

Slang
Informaldictionandsubstandardvocabulary.Someslangisapermanent
partofthelanguage(e.g.,phraseslike"I'llbedamned,""Thatsucks,"andour
manyfourletterwords).Otherslangisspontaneous,risingwithinagroup
(jargon),andoftenthenbeingreplacedwhennewslangemerges.638

Jargon
Languageexclusivelyusedbyparticulargroups,suchasdoctors,
lawyers,astronauts,footballplayers,etc.639

Diction
Wordchoice,typesofwords,andtheleveloflanguage.313316Ch.
14:635663

Allegory
Acompletenarrativethatcanalsobeappliedtoaparallelsetof
situationsthatmaybepolitical,moral,religious,orphilosophical.57,58Ch.9:
3934383963971170

Allusion
Unacknowledgedreferencesandquotationswhichauthorsmakewhile
assumingthatreaderswillrecognizetheoriginalsourcesandrelatetheir
meaningstothenewcontext.Allusionsarehencecomplimentsthattheauthor
paystoreadersfortheirperceptiveness,knowledge,andawareness.398,890892