MIDTERM EXAM - EDT574 WINTER 2016

NAME: William A. Antonetti

1. What do A-B-C stand for?
Answer: A stands for the antecedent. B stands for behavior. C stands for consequence.
This sums up what causes the behavior, what the behavior is , and the rewards and
punishments of said behavior.
2.Given a writing prompt would best represent which aspect of a behavioral objective:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Learner
Conditions
Target behavior
Criterion

3. Will solve addition problems would best represent which aspect of a behavioral
objective:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Learner
Conditions
Target behavior
Criterion

4. With no more than two errors would best represent which aspect of a behavioral
objective:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Learner
Conditions
Target behavior
Criterion

5. Aggressive behavior would probably need to be:

a.
b.
c.
d.

Further or Operationally defined

Measured using interval recording
Negatively reinforced
Economized

6. The individual most frequently associated with respondent or classical conditioning is:
a.
b.
c.
d.

Thorndike
Watson
Skinner
Pavlov

7. The individual most frequently associated with operant conditioning is:

a.
b.
c.
d.

Thorndike
Watson
Skinner
Pavlov

8. ____________istheprocessofusingsuccessiveapproximations(rewarddirection
notperfection)toteachanewbehaviororskill.

a.stimuluscontrol
b.shaping
c.modeling
d.generalization

9.JohnwasscheduledtotakeaspellingtesteachFriday.Hismothertoldhimifhe
received90%correctorbetterforthreeoutoffourspellingtestshewouldgettobuya
newvideogame.Hismotherwasemployingwhichofthefollowingbehavioral
techniques?
a. punishment
b. negativereinforcement
c. shaping
d. positivereinforcement
10.Aneventisdescribedas________ifthefuturerateofoccurrenceofabehavior
decreases.
a.NegativeReinforcement
b.PositiveReinforcement
c.Shaping
d.Punishment
11.Whenapreviouslyreinforcedbehaviorisnolongerreinforcedanditsrateof
occurrencedecreasesorthebehavioriseliminated,whatbehavioralprincipleis
beingused?
a.Punishment
b.PositiveReinforcement
c.PositivePunishment
d.Extinction
12.Toqualifyasabehavior,somethingmustbe:
a.observable
b.measurable

c.aandb

d.noneoftheabove
13.Directlyobservablebehaviorsinclude:
a.toknow,towalk,toidentifyinwriting
b.tounderline,todraw,tounderstand
c.tosee,toputon,tomakeconnections

d.toremove,tocountorally,tocircle
14.Whichcomponentismissingfromthefollowingobjective?Jasonwillfill
theicecubetrayindependentlyduring4outof5sessions.
a.Learner
b.Targetbehavior
c.Conditions
d.Criteriaforacceptableperformance
15.Criteriaforacceptableperformancecanincludestatementsaddressingduration.
WhichofthefollowingisNOTadurationstatement?
a.willcompletewithinonehour
b.fornomorethan2weeks

c.beginwithinfiveminutes
d.willreturnwithin15minutes
16.Whenusingtime-sampling,theteachernotesoccurrenceornonoccurrenceofthe
behavior:
a.anytimeduringtheinterval

b.attheendoftheinterval
c.eachtimethebehavioroccurswithintheinterval
d.anyoftheabove
17.Aschoolpsychologistwritesdownhowlongeachperiodittakesforastudentto
beginworking.Thisisanexampleof
a.writtendatarecording
b.intervalrecording

c.permanentproductrecording
d.latencyrecording
18.Lindacorrectlyreadanaverageof100wordsperminuteisanexampleofwhat
behavioraldimension?
a.Frequency
b.Rate
c.Latency
d.Locus
19.Whenthebellrang,Jasonbeganworkingandcontinuedfor30minutesisan
exampleofwhatbehavioraldimension?

a.Duration
b.Frequency
c.Latency
d.Rate
20.Ateacherwhocountsthenumberoftimesastudentraisesherhandisusingwhat
typeofrecordingsystem?
a.Eventrecording
b.Intervalrecording
c.Latencyrecording
d.TimeSamplingrecording
21.Brooketook9minutesduringmathperiodbeforebeginningherindependent
seatworkisanexampleofwhatbehavioraldimension?
a.Latency
b.Frequency
c.Duration
d.Rate
22.__________producesawrittendescriptionofnearlyeverythingthatoccurredina
specifictimeperiodorsetting.
a.Latencyrecording
b.Anecdotalreports
c.Eventrecording
d.Permanentproductrecording
23.Timesamplingwouldbethemostappropriatemethodforrecordingwhichbehavior?
a.Hittingothers
b.Astudentraisinghishand
c.Ontaskbehavior
d.Answeringaringingtelephone
24.ThePremackPrincipleisthereinforcementsystemusedmostoftenbyteachers.
WhichofthefollowingisanexampleofthePremackPrinciple?
a.Ifyoustayoutsidefor10moreminutes,thenyoumustdoyourentiremath
problems

b.Ifyoufinishallyourwork,thenyoumayhavefreetimefor10minutes
c.Ifyouarethelineleaderfortoday,thenyoumustbequietduringstudyperiod
d.Ifyougetadrinkofwater,thenyoumuststayinyourseattherestoftheday
25.WhichofthefollowingtermsisNOTassociatedwithpositivereinforcement?

a.Increases
b.Consequence
c.Decreases
d.Contingent
26.Immediacyofreinforcementdeliveryisnecessary
a.Toavoidthehazardofinadvertentlyreinforcinganinterveningbehavior
b.Toestablishaconnectionbetweenaparticularbehavioranditsconsequences
c.Toconvincethestudentoftheconsistencyofthecontingency
d.Alloftheabove
27._________reinforcersarenatural,unlearned,orunconditionedandincludefoodand
beverages.
a.Tertiary
b.Secondary
c.Primary
d.Variable
28.Reinforcersthatareexchangeableforsomeotherreinforcerofvaluetostudentsare
knownas:
a.Activityreinforcers
b.Proprioceptivereinforcers
c.Generalizedreinforcers
d.Tactilereinforcers
29.Effectiveuseofteacherpraiserequiresthat:
a.Praisebedeliveredcontingentonperformanceofthetargetbehavior
b.Praiseshouldspecifythebehaviorbeingreinforced
c.Praiseshouldbesincerewiththeteachervaryingtoneandcontent
d.Alloftheabove
30.Continuousreinforcementschedulesaremostusefulduringwhichphaseoflearning?
a.Acquisition
b.Fluency
c.Generalization
d.Alloftheabove
31-33. Upon receiving a cue from the teacher, the student will begin work within 20
seconds for 5 consecutive observations by the end of the 9 weeks period.
What are the conditions, criterion, and target behavior for the above objective?
Conditions: Upon receiving a cue from the teacher
Criterion: by the end of the 9 weeks period.

Target: will begin work within 20 seconds

34-39. A student (Joe) is currently solving on average of only 10 of 20 word problems on

independent math worksheets. He needs to be solving at least 80% of his problems
correctly. Write a specific learning objective related to improving this performance that
includes all 4 components of a good learning objective.
Objective: When given a math worksheet, Joe will complete 16 out of 20 word problems
correctly for four consecutive worksheets within 2 months.

40-42. A teacher finds a student is leaving his seat much too frequently. She decides to
make him stay in the classroom and eat by himself if he exceeds leaving his seat twice
during the language arts period. As she progress monitors his leaving his seat, she finds
that he is actually increasing leaving his seat, even though he has been kept in the
classroom for lunch for 5 consecutive school days. The teacher states, I sure punished
him but apparently not enough. Based on behavioral terminology and principles,
briefly explain what is wrong with her statement.
What is wrong with the statement: She has not punished him from a behavioral
standpoint as a practice is only considered a punishment if the behavior actually
decreases.

43-45. Explain what is meant by the terms positive and negative (as in positive and
negative reinforcement) in applied behavior analysis.
Positive Reinforcement: Positive reinforcement is the presentation of a stimulus
following a desired behavior designed to increase the occurrence or likelihood of that
behavior.
Negative Reinforcement: Removal of something unpleasant stimulus following a
behavior to further increase the likelihood or occurrence of that behavior.