03 5 Differential - Equations 84-96

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DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
PREVIOUS EAMCET BITS
dy
1. The solution of the differential equation = sin ( x + y ) tan ( x + y ) − 1 is [EAMCET 2009]
dx
1) cos ec ( x + y ) + tan ( x + y ) = x + c 2) x + cos ec ( x + y ) = c
3) x + tan ( x + y ) = c 4) x + sec ( x + y ) = c
Ans: 2
Sol: Let x + y = v
dy dv
1+ =
dx dx
dv
we have, − 1 = sin v tan v − 1
dx
dv
= sin v tan v
dx
dv sin 2 v cos v
= 2
⇒ ∫ 2 dt = ∫ dx
dx cos v sin v
1
− = x+c
sin v
∴ cosec(x + y) + x = c
2. The differential equation of the family y = ae x + bxe x + cx 2 e x of curves, where a, b, c arbitrary
constants, is [EAMCET 2009]
1) y′′′ + 3y′′ + 3y′ = 0 2) y′′ + 3y′′ − 3y′ = 0
3) y′′′ − 3y′′ − 3y′ + y = 0 4) y′′′ − 3y′′ + 3y′ − y = 0
Ans: 4
Sol: y = ae x + bxe x + cx 2 e x
y = ( a + bx + cx 2 ) e x
d.b.s.w.r.t ‘x’
y′ = ( a + bx + cx 2 ) e x + e x ( b + 2cx )
y′ = y + e x ( b + 2cx )
y′′ = y′ + e x ( 2cx ) + ( b + 2cx ) e x
y′′ = y′ + y′ − y + 2cxe x
84
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Differential Equations
y′′ = 2y′ − y + 2cxe x
y′′′ = 2y′′ − y′ + 2ce x
y′′′ = 2y′′ − y′ + [ y′′ − 2y′ + y ]
∴ y′′′ − 3y′′ + 3y′ − y = 0
dy x − 2y + 1
3. The solution of the differential equation = is [EAMCET 2008]
dx 2x − 4y
1) ( x − 2y ) + 2x = c 2) ( x − 2y ) + x = c
2 2
⎛ cx ⎞
3) x − y = log ⎜ ⎟ 4) ( x − 2y ) + x 2 = c
⎝ y ⎠
Ans: 1
Sol: Put x − 2y = z .
dy dz dy dz dy 1 ⎛ dz ⎞
Then 1 − 2 = ⇒2 = 1− ⇒ = ⎜1 − ⎟
dx dx dx dx dx 2 ⎝ dx ⎠
dy x − 2y + 1 1 ⎛ dz ⎞ z + 1 dz 1
= ⇒ ⎜1 − ⎟ = ⇒ 1− = 1+
dx 2x − 4y 2 ⎝ dx ⎠ 2z dx z
dz −1 z2
⇒ = ⇒ zdz = −dx ⇒ = − x + c / 2 ⇒ z 2 = −2x + c ⇒ ( x − 2y ) + 2x = c
2
dx z 2
dy
4. The solution of the differential equation − y tan x = e x sec x is [EAMCET 2008]
dx
1) ye x cos x + c 2) y cos x = e x + c 3) y = e x sin x + c 4) y sin x = e x + c
Ans: 2
Sol: I.F = e ∫ = e ∫
Pdx − tan xdx
= cos x
The solution is y cos x = ∫ e x sec x cos xdx = ∫ e x dx = e x + c ⇒ y cos x = e x + c
5. The solution of the differential equation xy 2dy − ( x 3 + y3 ) dx = 0 is [EAMCET 2008]
1) y3 = 3x 3 + c 2) y3 = 3x 3 log ( cx ) 3) y3 = 3x 3 + log ( cx ) 4) y3 + 3x 3 = log ( cx )

Ans: 2
dy dν
Sol: Put y = vx. Then =ν+
dx dx
dy x 3 + y3 dv x 3 + x 3 v3
xy 2 dy − ( x 3 + y3 ) dx = 0 ⇒
dv 1
= ⇒ ν + x = ⇒ v+x = +v
dx xy 2
dx xν3 2
dx v 2
dν 1 dx ν 3
⇒x = 2 ⇒ ν 2 dν ⇒ = = log x + log c
dx ν x 3
85
y3
⇒ ν 3 = 3log ( cx ) ⇒ = 3log ( cx )
x3
∴ y3 = 3x 3 log ( cx )
6. The differential equation obtained by eliminating the arbitrary constants a and b from
xy = ae x + be − x is [EAMCET 2007]
d2 y dy d2 y dy
1) x 2
+ 2 − xy = 0 2) 2
+ 2y − xy = 0
dx dx dx dx
d2 y dy d 2 y dy
3) x 2
+2 −y=0 4) + − xy = 0
dx dx dx 2 dx
Ans: 1
Sol: xy = ae x + be − x
⇒ xy1 + y = ae x − be − x
xy 2 + y1 + y1 = ae x + be− x
∴ xy 2 + 2y1 − xy = 0
dy
7. The solutions of ( x + y + 1) = 1 is [EAMCET 2007]
dx
1) y = ( x + 2 ) + ce x 2) y = − ( x + 2 ) + ce x 3) x = − ( y + 2 ) + ce y 4) x = ( y + 2 ) + ce y
2
Ans: 3
dy dz
Sol: Put x + y + 1 = z ⇒ = −1
dx dx
dy ⎛ dz ⎞
( x + y + 1) = 1 ⇒ z ⎜ − 1⎟ = 1
dx ⎝ dx ⎠
dz 1 z
⇒ = 1+ ⇒ ∫ dz = ∫ dx
dx z z +1
⇒ z − log ( z + 1) = x + c
x + y + 1 = x + log ( x + y + 2 ) + c
y = log ( x + y + 2 ) + log c
⇒ x + y + 2 = ce y
dy y2
8. The solution of = is [EAMCET 2007]
dx xy − x 2
1) e y / x = kx 2) e y / x = ky 3) e − y / x = kx 4) e − y / x = ky
Ans: 2
86
Sol: Put y = vx
dy y2 dV V2
= ⇒ V + x =
dx xy − x 2 dx V − 1
V −1 1
⇒∫ dV = ∫ dx
V x
⇒ V − log V = log x + log c
⇒ V = log ( cVx )
∴ cy = e y / x
dy
9. The solution of + 1 = e x + y is [EAMCET 2007]
dx
−( x + y ) −( x + y )
1) e + x + c = 0 2) e −x+c = 0 3) e x + y + x + c = 0 4) e x + y − x + c = 0
Ans: 1
dy dz
Sol: Put x + y = z ⇒ 1 + =
dx dx
dz
= e z ⇒ ∫ e − z dz = ∫ dx
dx
−( x + y )
−e − z = x + c ⇒ e +x+c=0
10. The solution of ( x 2 + y 2 ) dx = 2xy dy is [EAMCET 2006]
1) c ( x 2 − y 2 ) = x 2) c ( x 2 + y 2 ) = x 3) c ( x 2 − y 2 ) = y 4) c ( x 2 + y 2 ) = y
Ans: 1
Sol: Homogeneous differential equation
y 1 + V2
′
Put = V ⇒ V + V x =
x 2V
2V dx
⇒∫ dV = ∫ ⇒ − log 1 − v 2 = log x + log c
1− V 2
x
Solving c ( x 2 − y 2 ) = x
The solution of (1 + x 2 )
dy
11. + 2xy − 4x 2 = 0 is [EAMCET 2006]
dx
1) 3x (1 + x 2 ) = 4x 3 + c 2) 3y (1 + x 2 ) = 4x 3 + c
3) 3x (1 − x 2 ) = 4x 3 + c 4) 3y (1 − x 2 ) = 4x 3 + c
Ans: 2
dy ⎛ 2x ⎞ 4x 2
Sol: +⎜ ⎟ y =
dx ⎝ 1 + x 2 ⎠ 1+ x2
87
dy
Linear differential equation + P(x) y = Q(x)
dx
2x
∫ 1+ x 2 dx
I.F = e ∫
pdx
=e = 1+ x2
4x 2
y. (1 + x 2 ) = ∫ 2 (
1 + x 2 ) dx
1+ x
4x 3
y. (1 + x 2 ) = +c
3
3y (1 + x 2 ) = 4x 3 + c
dx x
12. The solution of + = x 2 is [EAMCET 2006]
dy y
1 1 1 1
1) = cx − x log x 2) = cy − y log y 3) = cx + x log y 4) = cx − y log x
y x x y
Ans: 2
Sol: ------
13. dx + dy = ( x + y )( dx − dy ) ⇒ log ( x + y ) = [EAMCET 2005]
1) x + y + c 2) x + 2y + c 3) x − y + c 4) 2x + y + c
Ans: 3
dx + dy
Sol: = dx − dy
x+y
d ( x + y)
∫ ( x + y ) = ∫ dx −∫ dy
log ( x + y ) = x − y + C
dy
14. x 2 y − x3 = y 4 cos x ⇒ x 3 y −3 = [EAMCET 2005]
dx
1) sinx 2) 2sin x + c 3) 3sin x + c 4) 3co s x + c
Ans: 3
dy
Sol: x 2 y − x 3 = y 4 cos x
dx
x 2 ydx − x 3dy
= cos x
y 4 dx
x2 x3
= dx − dx = cos xdx
y3 y4
⎛ x3 ⎞
⇒ ∫ d ⎜ 3 ⎟ = 3sin x + C
⎝y ⎠
88
⎛ 3x 3 3x 3 ⎞
∫ ⎜⎝ y3 dx − y4 dy ⎟⎠ = ∫ 3cos xdx
x3
⇒ = 3sin x + C
y3
15. Observer the following statements : [EAMCET 2005]
I. dy + 2xydx = 2e − x ⇒ ye x = 2x + C
2 2
II. ye 2 2x = c ⇒ dx = 2e − x − 2xy dy
2
Which of the following is a correct statements

1) Both I and II are true 2) Neither I nor II is true
3) I is true , II is false 4) I is false, II is true
Ans: 3
dy
+ 2x.y = 2e − x
2
Sol:
dx
which is linear differential equation
I.F = e ∫
2xdx
= ex
2
y.e x = ∫ 2.e− x e x dx = 2x + C True. ∴ I is true, II is false

2 2 2
dy y + x tan y / x y
16. = ⇒ sin = [EAMCET 2005]
dx x x
1) cx2 2) cx 3) cx3 4) cx4
Ans: 2
y dy dv
Sol: Put =V⇒ = V+x
x dx dx
dv
V + x. = V + TanV
dx
dv dv
∫ tan V = ∫ x
log sin V = log Cx
⎛y⎞
sin ⎜ ⎟ = Cx
⎝x⎠
Integrating factor of ( x + 2y3 )

dy
17. = y 2 is [EAMCET 2004]
dx
⎛1⎞ ⎛1⎞
⎜ ⎟
⎝ y⎠
−⎜ ⎟
⎝ y⎠ −1
1) e 2) e 3) y 4)
y
Ans: 1
89
dx x
Sol: = + 2y
dy y 2
dx ⎛ 1 ⎞
+ x ⎜ − 2 ⎟ = 2y
dy ⎝ y ⎠
1
∫ − y2 dy
1
I.F = e =e y
18. y = Ae x + Be2x + Ce3x satisfies the differential equation [EAMCET 2004]

1) y ′′′ − 6y′′ + 11y ′ − 6y = 0 2) y ′′′ + 6y′′ + 11y′ − 6y = 0
3) y ′′′ − 6y′′ − 11y ′ − 6y = 0 4) y ′′′ − 6y′′ − 11y ′ + 6y = 0
Ans: 1
Sol: y′′′ − (1 + 2 + 3) y′′
+ (1.2 + 2.3 + 3.1) y′ − 1.2.3y = 0

19. Observe the following statements : [EAMCET 2004]
dy
A : Integrating factor of + y = x 2 is e x
dx
+ P ( x ) y = Q ( x ) is e ∫
dy P ( x ) dx
R : Integrating factor of
dx
Then the true statement among the following is
1) A is true, R false 2) A is false, R is true
3) A is true, R is true, R ⇒ A 4) A is false, R is false
Ans: 3
+ y = x 2 is e ∫ = e x
dy 1dx
Sol: I.Fof
dx
20. The differential equation of the family of parabola with focus at the origin and the X-axis as axis
is [EAMCET 2003]
2 2
⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞ dy
1) y ⎜ ⎟ + 4x ⎜ ⎟ = 4y 2) − y ⎜ ⎟ = 2x −y
⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠ dx
2 2
⎛ dy ⎞ dy ⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞
3) y ⎜ ⎟ + y = 2xy 4) y ⎜ ⎟ + 2xy ⎜ ⎟ + y = 0
⎝ dx ⎠ dx ⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠
Ans: 2
Sol: Focus = (0, 0); directrix is x+ a = 0
Equation of the parabola is y2 = a(2x + a)
90
dy
2y = 2a ⇒ a = yy1
dx
y 2 = 2xyy1 + y 2 y12
⇒ y 2 = y ⎡⎣ 2xy1 + yy12 ⎤⎦
⇒ y = 2xy1 + yy12
⇒ − yy12 = 2xy1 − y
2
⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞
⇒ − y ⎜ ⎟ = 2x ⎜ ⎟ − y
⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠
dy x log x 2 + x
21. Solution of = is [EAMCET 2003]
dx sin y + y cos y
1) y sin y = x 2 log x + c 2) y sin y = x 2 + c
3) y sin y = x 2 + log x + c 4) y sin y = x log x + c
Ans: 1
dy x log x 2 + x
Sol: =
dx sin y + y cos y
⇒ sin ydy + y cos ydy = x log x 2 dx + xdx
Integrating on both sides y sin y = x 2 log x 2 + C
22. The general solution of y 2 dx + ( x 2 − xy + y 2 ) dy = 0 is [EAMCET 2003]
⎛x⎞ ⎛x⎞
1) tan −1 ⎜ ⎟ + log y + c = 0 2) 2 tan −1 ⎜ ⎟ + log y + c = 0
⎝y⎠ ⎝y⎠
( )
3) log y + x 2 + y 2 + log y + c = 0
⎛x⎞
4) 2sinh −1 ⎜ ⎟ + log y + c = 0
⎝y⎠
Ans: 1
dy − y2
Sol: = 2
dx x − xy + y 2
Put y = vx
91
dv −v2 x 2 −v2
v+x = 2 =
dx x − vx 2 + v 2 x 2 1 − v + v 2
dx 1 − v + v2
=− dv
x v (1 + v 2 )
log xv = tan −1 v + c
⎛y⎞
log y = tan −1 ⎜ ⎟ + c
⎝x⎠
⎛x⎞
⇒ log y + tan −1 ⎜ ⎟ + c = 0
⎝y⎠
23. Order of the differential equation of the family of all concentric circles centered at (h, k) is
[EAMCET 2002]
1) 1 2) 2 3) 3 4) 4
Ans: 1
(x − h) + ( y − k ) = r2
2 2
Sol:
Centre (h, k) is fixed
Radius = r is a variable
Hence order is 1
dy y
24. The solution of + = 1 is [EAMCET 2002]
dx 3
1) y = 3 + ce x / 3 2) y = 3 + ce − x / 3 3) 3y = c + e x / 3 4) 3y = c + c− x / 3
Ans: 2
dy y
Sol: + =1⇒
dx 3
1
∫ 3 dx
Integrating factor : I.F = e = ex / 3
Solution ye x / 3 = ∫ e x / 3 dx
ye x / 3 = 3e x / 3 + C
y = 3 + Ce− x / 3
dy
25. y + x2 = has the solution [EAMCET 2002]
dx
1) y + x 2 + 2x + 2 = ce x 2) y + x + 2x 2 + 2 = ce x
3) y + x + x 2 + 2 = ce 2x 4) y 2 + x + x 2 + 2 = ce2x
Ans: 1
dy
Sol: y + x 2 =
dx
92
dy
− y = x2
dx
I.F = e ∫
−1dx
= e− x
Solution ye− x = ∫ x 2 e − x dx
ye− x = −e− x ( x 2 + 2x + 2 ) + C
y + x 2 + 2x + 2 = Ce x
1/ 3
dy ⎛ y ⎞
26. The solution of =⎜ ⎟ is [EAMCET 2002]
dx ⎝ x ⎠
1) x 2 / 3 + y 2 / 3 = c 2) y 2 / 3 − x 2 / 3 = c 3) x1/ 3 + y1/ 3 = c 4) y1/ 3 − x1/ 3 = c
Ans: 2
dy y1/ 3
Sol: = 1/ 3 ⇒ y −1/ 3dy = x −1/ 3dx
dx x
∫y dy = ∫ x −1/ 3 dx
−1/ 3
3 2/3
⎡⎣ y − x 2 / 3 ⎤⎦ = C1
2
⇒ y2 / 3 − x 2 / 3 = C
27. The solution of xdx + ydy = x 2 ydy − xy 2 dx is [EAMCET 2001]
1) x 2 − 1 = c (1 + y 2 ) 2) x 2 + 1 = c (1 − y 2 )
3) x 3 − 1 = c (1 + y3 ) 4) x 3 + 1 = c (1 − y3 )
Ans: 1
Sol: xdx + ydy = x 2 ydy − xy 2 dx
x (1 + y 2 ) dx = − y (1 − x 2 ) dy
−x y
dx = dy
1− x 2
1 + y2
x y
∫ x 2 − 1 dx = ∫ 1 + y2 dy
⇒ log ( x 2 − 1) = log (1 + y 2 ) + log c
∴x 2 − 1 = c (1 + y 2 )
dy
28. The solution of x 2 + y 2 = 4 is [EAMCET 2001]
dx
1) x 2 + y 2 = 12x + c 2) x 2 + y 2 = 3x + c 3) x 3 + y3 = 3x + c 4) x 3 + y3 = 12x + c
Ans: 4
93
dy
Sol: x 2 + y 2 =4
dx
( 4 − x ) dx = y dy
2 2
∫ ( 4 − x ) dx = ∫ y dy
2 2
x 3 + y3 = 12x + c
dy
29. The solution of + y = e x is [EAMCET 2001]
dx
1) 2y = e 2x + c 2) 2ye x + e x + c 3) 2ye x = e 2x + c 4) 2ye 2x = 2e x + c
Ans: 3
dy
Sol: + y = ex
dx
P = 1; Q = x
I.F is e ∫
pdx
= ex
y.e x = ∫ e x .e x + c ⇒ 2ye x = e 2x + c
c
30. If c is a parameter, then the differential equation whose solution is y = c 2 + [EAMCET 2000]
x
2 2
⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞
1) y = x ⎜ ⎟ − x ⎜ ⎟
4
2) y = x ⎜ ⎟ + x ⎜ ⎟
4
⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠
⎛ d2 y ⎞
2
⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞
3) y = x ⎜ ⎟ − x ⎜ ⎟
4
4) y = x 4 ⎜ 2 ⎟ − x ⎜ ⎟
⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠
Ans: 3
C dy −C
Sol: y = c 2 + ⇒ =
x dx x 2
dy
⇒ C = −x 2
dx
2
⎛ dy ⎞ 1 ⎛ 2 dy ⎞
y = ⎜ −x 2 ⎟ + ⎜ −x ⎟
⎝ dx ⎠ x⎝ dx ⎠
2
⎛ dy ⎞ ⎛ dy ⎞
⇒∴ y = x ⎜ ⎟ − x ⎜ ⎟
4
⎝ dx ⎠ ⎝ dx ⎠
31. The equation of curve passing through the origin and satisfying the differential equation
dy
= ( x − y ) is
2
[EAMCET 2000]
dx
1) e 2x (1 − x + y ) = (1 + x − y ) 2) e 2x (1 + x − y ) = (1 − x + y )
3) e 2x (1 − x + y ) = − (1 + x + y ) 4) e 2x (1 + x + y ) = (1 − x + y )
94
Ans: 1
dy
= ( x − y ) Let x − y = t
2
Sol:
dx
dy dt
⇒ = 1−
dx dx
dt dt
1− = t 2 ⇒ dx =
dx 1 − t2
dt
⇒ ∫ dx = ∫
(1 − t 2 )
1 ⎛1+ t ⎞ ⎛1+ t ⎞
x= log e ⎜ ⎟ ⇒ 2x = log ⎜ ⎟
2 ⎝1− t ⎠ ⎝1− t ⎠
1+ t
⇒ e 2x =
1− t
∴ e (1 − x + y ) = (1 + x − y )
2x
777
95

03 5 Differential - Equations 84-96

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5. The solution of the differential equation xy 2dy − ( x 3 + y3 ) dx = 0 is [EAMCET 2008]

1) y3 = 3x 3 + c 2) y3 = 3x 3 log ( cx ) 3) y3 = 3x 3 + log ( cx ) 4) y3 + 3x 3 = log ( cx )

Which of the following is a correct statements

y.e x = ∫ 2.e− x e x dx = 2x + C True. ∴ I is true, II is false

Integrating factor of ( x + 2y3 )

18. y = Ae x + Be2x + Ce3x satisfies the differential equation [EAMCET 2004]

+ (1.2 + 2.3 + 3.1) y′ − 1.2.3y = 0

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