Submitted to:

Submitted By:
Hitesh Kumar
Roll No.

INTRODUCTION
The news media refers to the section of the mass media that focuses on
presenting current news to the public. These include print media
(newspapers, magazines); broadcast media (radio stations, television
stations, television networks), and increasingly Internet-based media (World
Wide Web pages, weblogs).
The newspaper and consumer magazine industry is set for continued
challenges in 2009, with developed country markets likely to be most
affected.[1]

Etymology
A medium (plural media) is a carrier of something. Common things carried
by media include information, art, or physical objects. A medium may
provide transmission or storage of information or both. The industries which
produce news and entertainment content for the mass media are often called
"the media" (in much the same way the newspaper industry is called "the
press"). In the late 20th century it became commonplace for this usage to be
construed as singular ("The media is...") rather than as the traditional plural.

Broadcasting
Broadcasting is the distribution of audio and video signals (programs) to a
number of recipients ("listeners" or "viewers") that belong to a large group.
This group may be the public in general, or a relatively large audience
within the public. Thus, an Internet channel may distribute text or music

worldwide, while a public address system in (for example) a workplace may

broadcast very limited ad hoc soundbites to a small population within its
range.
The sequencing of content in a broadcast is called a schedule.
Television and radio programs are distributed through radio broadcasting or
cable, often both simultaneously. By coding signals and having decoding
equipment in homes, the latter also enables subscription-based channels and
pay-per-view services.
A broadcasting organization may broadcast several programs at the same
time, through several channels (frequencies), for example BBC One and
Two. On the other hand, two or more organizations may share a channel and
each use it during a fixed part of the day. Digital radio and digital television
may also transmit multiplexed programming, with several channels
compressed into one ensemble.
When broadcasting is done via the Internet the term webcasting is often
used.
Broadcasting forms a very large segment of the mass media.
Broadcasting to a very narrow range of audience is called narrowcasting.

Newsmagazines
A newsmagazine, sometimes called news magazine, is a
usually weekly magazine featuring articles on current events.
News magazines generally go a little more in-depth into
stories than newspapers, trying to give the reader an
understanding of the context surrounding important events,
rather than just the facts.

Newspapers
A newspaper is a lightweight and
disposable

publication

(more

specifically, a periodical), usually

printed on low-cost paper called
newsprint. It may be general or
special

interest,

and

may

be

published daily, weekly, biweekly, monthly, bimonthly, or quarterly.

General-interest newspapers are usually journals of current news on a
variety of topics. Those can include political events, crime, business, sports,
and opinions (either editorials, columns, or political cartoons). Many also
include weather news and forecasts. Newspapers increasingly use
photographs to illustrate stories; they also often include comic strips and
other entertainment, such as crosswords.

Newsreels

A newsreel is a documentary film that is regularly released in a public

presentation place containing filmed news stories.
Created by Path Frres of France in 1908, this form of film was a staple of
the typical North American, British, and Commonwealth countries
(especially Canada, Australia and New Zealand), and throughout European
cinema programming schedule from the silent era until the 1960s when
television news broadcasting completely supplanted its role.
Path would eventually merge with RKO...
An example of a newsreel story is in the film Citizen Kane (which was
prepared by RKO's actual newsreel staff), which includes a fictional
newsreel that summarizes the life of the title character.

Online journalism
Online journalism is reporting and other journalism produced or distributed
via the Internet.
An early leader was The News & Observer in Raleigh, North Carolina, USA.
Many news organizations based in other media also distribute news online.
How much they take advantage of the medium varies. Some news
organizations, such as the Gongwer News Service, use the Web only or
primarily.
The Internet challenges traditional news organizations in several ways. They
may be losing classified ads to Web sites, which are often targeted by

interest instead of geography. The advertising on news Web sites is

sometimes insufficient to support the investment.
Even before the Internet, technology and perhaps other factors were dividing
people's attention, leading to more but narrower media outlets.
Online journalism also leads to the spread of independent online media such
as openDemocracy and the UK, Wikinews as well as allowing smaller news
organizations to publish to a broad audience, such as mediastrike.

News coverage and new media

By covering news, politics, weather, sports, entertainment, and vital events,
the daily media shape the dominant cultural, social and political picture of
society. Beyond the media networks, independent news sources have
evolved to report on events which escape attention or underlie the major
stories. In recent years, the blogosphere has taken reporting a step further,
mining down to the experiences and perceptions of individual citizens.
An exponentially growing phenomenon, the blogosphere can be abuzz with
news that is overlooked by the press and TV networks. Apropos of this was
Robert F. Kennedy Jr.'s 11,000-word Rolling Stone article apropos of the
2004 United States presidential election, published June 1, 2006. By June 8,
there had been no mainstream coverage of the documented allegations by
President John F. Kennedy's nephew. On June 9, this sub-story was covered
by a Seattle Post-Intelligencer article. [2]
Media coverage during the 2008 Mumbai attacks highlighted the use of new
media and Internet social networking tools, including Twitter and Flickr, in

spreading information about the attacks, observing that Internet coverage

was often ahead of more traditional media sources. In response, traditional
media outlets included such coverage in their reports. [3] However, several
outlets were criticised as they did not check for the reliability and
verfiability of the information.