organic

Acids
Lactic acid
Condition
Colour
Odour
Solubility/Micibility
Action Of Soda Lime
Action Of ferric chloride
(n.s)

Oxalic acid

Liq , Oily ,
Anhydrous CuSO4
True liq
Colourless
Sour-milk like odour

Tartaric aicd

Citric acid

Solid , Crystalline , Microcrystal

White
Odourless
Micible with water , L.P
acidic
Soluble in water , L.P
acidic
NaCo3 test
eff. strong acid
NaCo3 test
eff. strong acid
Not done
On cold : no action
On cold : no action
On hot : no action
On hot : burnt sugar odour
Lemon yellow colour (blank)
Essterification : ( ethanol ) fixed ester
CaCl2 (n.s) :
Soluble product

White ppt
immediatly

White ppt on
scratching

White ppt
after boiling

Decolorization
+ brown ppt

No action

Alk. KMnO4 :
Decolorization + brown ppt

No action

General class reaction

Tollens test ( Amm. AgNo3 ):

No Ag mirror
Ag mirror
No Ag mirror
Fentons test :
No violet col.
Violet col.
No violet col.
Dengies test :
Decolorization
No action
No action
*Conc. H2SO4 :
Eff. And evolution of Co
gas which burns with blue flame
+ charring.

Special tests

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*Iodo form :
Yellow ppt.

*Conc. H2SO4 :
Eff. and
evolution of Co
gas which burns
with blue flame +
clear solution.

*Conc.
H2So4:
Eff.
and evolution
of Co gas
which burns
with blue
flame + heavy
charring

and formation
of white ppt
*Conc.
H2SO4:
Eff.
and evolution
Co gas which
burns with
blue flame +
yellow
solution
*Na nitro
prusside test :
Red
colour

HANSAED FOPCU

organic

Amides
Formamide
Condition
Colour
Odour

Solubility/Misibility

Action of soda lime

Ethyl Acetate

Urea

Acetamide

Liquid, mobile
Anhydrous CuSo4
True liq.
Colourless

Solid, crystalline,
microcrystal (balls)

Solid, crystalline,
microcrystals
(hygroscopic)

Odourless
Fruity odour
Micible with water -Immiscible with
L.P
Neutral water (lighter)
-Immiscible with
10% NaOH
-Immiscible with
dil Hcl Neutral
Not done

Odourless

White
Odourless

Soluble in water
L.P.
Neutral

On cold : No action
On hot : Amm. odour
No Action

Action of Ferric chloride

Nitrous acid test :

General Class reactions

Brisk eff. &

Evolution of N2
gas

Brisk eff. & Evolution of

N2 gas

Brisk eff. & Evolution

of N2 gas

Hydrolysis :
Blood red col.

Special tests

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*Action of 30%
NaOH :
On hot
Ammomia odour
*Action of Conc.
H2SO4 :
On cold eff.
and evolution of
Co gas which
burns with blue
flame

Yellow ppt. /
Eff. and evolution of Co2
Blood red col.
gas
*Action od Conc. *Urea Oxalate:
H2SO4:
White ppt.
Vinegar
*Urea Nitrate :
odour on hot
White ppt.
*Biuret test:
Purple Col.

Dry Heat :

Blood red col.

*Action of 30% NaOH :
On hot
Ammomia odour
*Action of Conc.
H2SO4:
Vinegar odour
on hot

*Inflammability:
Non inflammable
*Change in appearance:
Melt & resolidify
*Change in odour :
Amm. Odour
*Change in Col. :
No Change
*Residue :
Present (Cool &
add dil Hcl no eff)
Non Metalic

HANSAED FOPCU

organic

Carbohydrates
Glucose
Condition
Colour
Odour
Solubility

Fructose

Lactose

Solid, crystalline, microcrystals

White
Odourless
Soluble in water L.P.
Neutral

Starch
Solid, Powder

-Insoluble in water,
-Insoluble in 10%
NaOH,
-Insoluble in dil Hcl,
Neutral
On cold : No action
On hot : burnt sugar odour
No action (blank)

Action of soda lime

Action of ferric chloride
General class reaction

Molish test : Violet ring

Osazone test :
Yellow ppt. On hot

Yellow ppt. After

cooling &
scratching

This test is done for

water soluble sugars
only

Fehling A+B test :

Change in colour

No change in colour

Tollens test (Amm. AgNo3) :

Ag mirror
Special test

*Resorcinol test :
No red col.
*Conc. H2So4 test:
Eff. and
evolution of Co ,
Co2 , So2 gases +
Charring
*10% NaOH test :
Carmelization

Dry Heat

*Inflammability :

*Resorcinol test :
red col.
*Conc. H2So4 test:
Eff. and
evolution of Co ,
Co2 , So2 gases +
Charring
*10% NaOH test :
Carmelization

No Ag mirror
*Resorcinol test :
No red col.
*Conc. H2So4 test:
Eff. and
evolution of Co , Co2
, So2 gases +
Charring
*10% NaOH test :
Carmelization

*Iodine test :
Blue col.
*Gel formation (H2O)
*Hydrolysis :
No blue col.
*10% NaOH :
Gel formation

Inflammable, luminous, non smoky

*Change in appearance :
Charring, melt, swell
*Change in colour :
No change
*Change in odour :
Burnt sugar odour
*Residue:
Present (cool then add dil Hcl
no eff) Non Metalic

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HANSAED FOPCU