RO-Solutions: .... Setting New Standards

Desalination of Seawater
Place of operation: Mainland Spain

A decentralized water supply is currently
and will in the future be one of the options
in remote areas. When high-efficiency
equipment is built together with the latest
technology, low-power consumption can
be obtained as proven with this 600 m3/d
water maker with less than 2.2 kW/m3
power consumption. The pumps are vertically mounted onto the electric motors .
Place of operation: Canary Islands Spain
The compact design of the APP pumps
enables new thinking in the design of
conventional water makers. Here the APP
pumps are mounted on top of the membrane
train providing new possibilities for OEMs
to set new standards in system design. This
300 m3/d ro-skid uses less than 2.3 kW/m3
permeate production.
Danfoss A/S is one of the largest industrial

companies in Denmark, with net sales of
around DKK 15 billion.
We employ more than 18,500 people, and
6,500 of them work in Denmark in 15 different
locations.
Danfoss is an international group and a
leader in research, development and production for a wide spectrum of different
industries.
We produce about 250,000 components
each day at our 59 factories in 21 countries.
Place of operation: Oil Rigs North Sea
Long service life combined with ATEX
approved APP pumps mounted together
with EX-Proof Zone II motors via stainless
steel bell housings. The light weight and
compact design of the APP pumps make it
cost-effective to maintain and service the
system, as the pumps can be transported
between harbour and oil rig with helicopters
and replaced without any lifting gear or
special arrangements.
The Groups primary aim is to create quality

of life for our stakeholders and to be a
leader in refrigeration, heating and motion
controls.
Our work is based on our Core Values: Trust,
Passion for Technology, Reliability, Global
Perspective with Local Commitment and
Environmental and Social Responsibility.
RO-Solutions
Danfoss A/S
DK-6430 Nordborg
Denmark
Phone: +45 7488 4325
Telefax: +45 7445 3831
E-mail: waterpumps@danfoss.com
www.danfoss.com
.... setting new standards.

DANFOSS HIGH-PRESSURE
WATER SOLUTIONS
DKCFN.PB.010.B1.02 / 521B0734
Produced by Danfoss G1 Communication 04.09.MR.JN.na
The Natural Choice

Metric measure
10 l/min
17 l/min
10 to 80 bar
Flodded to 7 bar
700-3000 rpm
1.5 kW
2.2 kW
4.4 kg
12 BSP
12 BSP
Flow
APP 0.6
APP 1.0
Discharge pressure
Inlet pressure
Pump rpm 1)
Horse power APP 0.6
At 80 bar
APP 1.0
Weight
Inlet port
Outlet port
US measure
2.6 GPM
4.5 GPM
140-1150 psi
Flodded to 100 psi
700-3000 rpm
2.0 HP
3.2 HP
9.7 lbs
12 BSP
12 BSP
APP 1.8-2.2 specification

Metric measure
28 l/min
35 l/min
10 to 80 bar
Flodded to 7 bar
700-3000 rpm
4.2 kW
5.5 kW
7.7 kg
34 BSP
12 BSP
Flow
APP 1.8
APP 2.2
Discharge pressure
Inlet pressure
Pump rpm 1)
Horse power APP 1.8
At 80 bar
APP 2.2
Weight
Inlet port
Outlet port
US measure
7.3 GPM
9.2 GPM
140-1150 psi
Flodded to 100 psi
700-3000 rpm
5.7 HP
7.0 HP
17 lbs
34 BSP
12 BSP
APP 5.1-10.2 specifications:

Metric measure
Flow
APP 5.1
85 l/min
APP 6.5
108 l/min
APP 7.2
120 l/min
APP 8.2
136 l/min
APP 10.2
170 l/min
Discharge pressure
10-80 bar
Inlet pressure
Flodded to 7 bar
Pump rpm
700-1800 rpm
Horse power APP 5.1
13.3 kW
At 80 bar
APP 6.5
15 kW
APP 7.2
18.6 kW
APP 8.2
19 kW
APP 10.2
26.7 kW
Weight
32 kg
Inlet port 2)
112 VIC.
Outlet port 2)
112 VIC.
120
Typical flow curves at 80 bar (1160 psi)
100
80
60
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
20
0
3000
2900
2700
2500
2300
2100
1900
1700
1500
1300
1100
900
Pump rpm
Low energy consumption

Total efficiencies up to 95 percent among the most efficient in the
market.
Long service life
Danfoss guarantees service free operation for more than 8,000
hours thanks to two design features:
No oil lubrication: the medium itself lubricates the pump.
No need for service on a regular basis:
the mechanical shaft is the only seal in the pump.
Corrosion resistance
All wetted parts of the pump are designed in duplex, super duplex
stainless steel and polymer, ensuring resistance to corrosive and
low viscosity fluids, e.g. seawater and brackish water.
High-pressure operation
Continuous operation at a discharge pressure between 10 and 80
bar (145-1160 psi). Higher discharge pressures are available on
request.
Low pulsation
A design featuring up to nine pistons reduces pressure pulsations
in the discharge line down to 1.5 percent, rendering pulsation
dampers superflous addition, and reduceing installing cost.
40
APP 10.2
APP 8.2
APP 7.2
APP 6.5
APP 5.1
APP 2.2
APP 1.8
APP 1.0
APP 0.6
700
Flow (l/min)
140
With APP pumps from Danfoss you get the following

benefits
Wide flow range

One pump size covers the same flow range as several centrifugal
pumps, because the flow is a linear function of the speed (rpm). The
pumps run at speeds between 700 and 3,000 rpm.
Common material specifications

All wetted parts : Superdublex, polymer, ceramic
All external parts: Superdublex, 316 SS, plastic
160
If your business is among the below mentioned applications:

Seawater Reverse Osmosis
Brackish Water Reverse Osmosis
Nanofiltration, ultrafiltration, microfiltration
Or even pump and measure low-viscosity corrosive fluids
prefiltered down to 10 micron absolute
... have a look on our homepage www.nessie.danfoss.com/rosolution
2) Other types of connections available on request.
Danfoss A/S RO-Solutions offers not only High-Pressure Pumps but

also Frequency Inverters, Soft Starters, Valves, Pressure Transmitters
and all kinds of around-the-pump accessories, since one of our
goals is to facilitate supply chain optimisation for our customers.
1) Higher speed available. Please contact the Sales Organisation.
US measure
22.45 GPM
28.1 GPM
31.7 GPM
35.4 GPM
44.9 GPM
140-1150 psi
Flodded to 7 bar
700-1800 rpm
17.9 HP
20 HP
25 HP
25.5 HP
35.9 HP
70 lbs
112 VIC.
112 VIC.
Flow (gal/min)
APP 0.6-1.0 specifications
The Axial Piston Pump (APP) is a positive displacement pump design

originating from oil hydraulics and subsequently redesigned by
Danfoss during the last 15 years, to pump tap and seawater. Tens of
thousands of pumps are in operation worldwide proving the
pumps to be among the most cost-effective and reliable pumps for
membrane applications, both as main high-pressure pumps but
also for recovering energy as reversing pumps (motors) in the reject
line. The pumps are made in exotic materials incorporating Duplex
and Superduplex materials as standard.
Compact design
The most compact pump on the market, giving system builders a
free hand to design more compact systems. The pump may also be
directly mounted onto an electrical motor via a bell housing with a
flexible coupling.
DATA SHEET
Water Pumps
APP0.6 - 2.5
1.
General information
APP0.6, APP1.0, APP1.5, APP1.8, APP2.2 and APP2.5 pumps are designed to supply low viscosity and corrosive fluids under high
pressure, eg. in seawater reverse osmosis filtration applications and for high pressure salt water pumping.
The pumps are based on the axial piston principle enabling a very light and compact design, and they are designed so that
lubrication of the moving parts in the pumps is provided by the fluid itself. No oil lubrication is thus required.
All parts included in the pumps are designed to provide long service life, i.e. long service life with a constantly high efficiency and
minimum of service required.
The pumps are fixed displacement pumps in which the flow is proportional to the number of revolutions of the input shaft and the
pump displacement, regardless of any counter-pressure.
1
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:
10:
11:
12:
11
Shaft sealing
Mounting flange
Bleeding plugs
Retaining ring
Piston/shoe
Valve plate
Swash plate
Cylinder barrel
Spring
Port plate
Connecting flange
Housing with bearing
10
12
2.
Benefits
One of the smallest and lightest pumps on the market.

Can be powered by a combustion engine provided that a special coupling is used.
Generates insignificant pulsations in the pressure line.
No preventive maintenance required (no periodic service like e.g. change of lubricant and wearing parts).
Long service life. Danfoss guarantees 8000 hours maintenance-free operation.
All parts of the pump are made of non corrosive materials eg. Duplex (SAF 2205/EN1.4462) and
Super-duplex (SAF 2507/EN1.4410) stainless steel and carbon reinforced PEEK.
High efficiency.
521B0850
DKCFN.PD.010.FA2.02
11-2006
3.
Technical data
Code number
180B3001
180B3002
180B3026
180B3003
180B3004
APP0.6
APP1.0
APP1.5
APP1.8
APP2.2
APP pumps
cm3/rpm (in3/rpm)
180B3000
APP2.5
(0.24)
6.3
(0.38)
9.3
(0.56)
10
(0.61)
12.5
(0.76)
15.3
(0.93)
m3/h (gpm)
0.6
(2.6)
1.0
(4.4)
1.5
(6.6)
1.7
(7.5)
2.1
(9.2)
2.6
(11.4)
Min. pressure 1)
bar (psi)
20
290
20
290
20
290
20
290
20
290
20
290
Max. pressure, cont. 2)
bar (psi)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
Max. pressure, intermittent 3)
bar (psi)
100
(1450)
100
(1450)
100
(1450)
100
(1450)
100
(1450)
100
Geometric displacement
Flow (3000 rpm)
(1450)
Max. speed cont. 4)
rpm
3450
3450
3450
3450
3450 5)
3000
Min. speed cont.
rpm
700
700
700
700
700
700
Power requirement at
80 bar and 3000 rpm:
Weight
kW (hp)
1.9
(2.5)
2.9
(3.9)
4.5
(6)
4.8
(6.3)
6.0
(7.9)
7.2
(9.6)
kg (lb)
5.2
(9.7)
5.2
(9.7)
8,6
(17)
8.6
(17.0)
8.6
(17.0)
8.6
(17)
1) For lower pressure, please contact Danfoss RO Sales Organization.

4)
2) For higher pressure, please contact Danfoss RO Sales Organzation.
3) Intermittent pressure is acceptable for less than 10 seconds per minute.
5)

4.
For speeds above 3000 rpm the pump must be

boosted at a pressure of 2-5 bar (29.0 - 72.5 psi).
For speeds above 3000 rpm, inspect the pump
after every 4000 hours of operation.
Flow at different rpm
Using the diagram shown below, it is easy to select the pump which fits the application best if the flow required and the rotation
speed (rpm) of the pump are known.
3
APP2.5
2,5
APP2.2
APP1.8
m /h
APP1.5
1,5
APP1.0
APP0.6
0,5
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
rp m
Furthermore, this diagram shows that the flow can be changed by changing the rotation speed of the pump. The flow/rpm ratio is
constant, and the desired flow can be obtained by changing the rotation speed to a corresponding value. Thus, the required rpm
can be determined as:

Desired flow Rated rpm

Required rpm =

Rated flow
5.
Power requirements
Pump model
Flow
Pressure
Calc. factor
60 bar
70 bar
80 bar
l/min
m3/h
gpm
870 psi
1015 psi
1160 psi
APP0.6
10.2
0.61
2.69
1.38 kW
1.61 kW
1.84 kW
2840
475.8
APP0.6
12.3
0.74
3.25
1.66 kW
1.94 kW
2.21 kW
3400
475.8
APP1.0
16.53
0.99
4.37
2.14 kW
2.49 kW
2.85 kW
2840
474.6
APP1.0
19.83
1.19
5.24
2.57 kW
2.99 kW
3.42 kW
3400
474.6
APP1.5
25.11
1.51
6.63
3.21 kW
3.75 kW
4.29 kW
2890
468.6
APP1.5
30.17
1.81
7.97
3.86 kW
4.51 kW
5.15 kW
3470
468.6
APP1.8
26.78
1.61
7.07
3.43 kW
4.00 kW
4.57 kW
2890
463.2
APP1.8
32.18
1.93
8.50
4.12 kW
4.81 kW
5.49 kW
3470
463.2
APP2.2
33.48
2.01
8.84
4.29 kW
5.00 kW
5.71 kW
2900
468.6
APP2.2
40.22
2.41
10.63
5.15 kW
6.01 kW
6.87 kW
3480
468.6
APP2.5
41.94
2.52
11.08
5.07 kW
5.92 kW
6.77 kW
2900
484.8
The power requirements can be determined using one of the following guiding equations:

Required power =

rpm
l/min bar
Calc. factor
[kW] or
16.7 m3/h bar

0.26 gpm psi
[kW] or
[kW]
Calc. factor
Calc. factor
DKCFN.PD.010.FA2.02
1 hp =
1 kW =
1 gpm =
1 l/min =
1 m3/h =
1 gpm =
0.75 kW
1.34 hp
3.79 l/min
0.26 gpm
4.40 gpm
0.23 m3/h
521B0850
6.
Inlet pressure
Water supply to the pump is either made from a tank placed above the pump or directly from a feed pump. The pressure at the
pump inlet (I) must be in the range: 0.5 - 5 bar (7.3 - 72.5 psi).
7.
7.1

Temperature and corrosion

Operation:
Fluid temperature:
Ambient temperature:
+3C to +50C (+37.4F to 122F) - dependent on the NaCl concentration

+3C to +50C (+37.4F to 122F)
The chart below illustrates the corrosive resistance of different types of stainless steel related to NaCl concentration and
temperature.
All critical parts of the APP water pump is made of SAF 2507.
If the water pump is operated at high salinity, always flush the water pump with fresh water at operation stop in order to minimise
the risk of crevice corrosion.
904L / SAF 2205
NaCl vs. temperature

7.2

8.
Storage:
Storage temperature:
-40C to +70C (+37.4F to 122F) provided that the pump is drained of fluid and stored
plugged.
Antefreeze protection is required at temperatures below 2C. Danfoss recommends using Dowcal N from Dow Chemical
Company or Chillsafe mono propylene glycol from Arco Chemical Company.
Noise level
The chart indicates the noise level in dB(A) measured at a distance of 1 m from the pump in a reverberation room.
Type
60 bar (870 psi)

1500 rpm
60 bar (870 psi)

3000 rpm
80 bar (1160 psi)

1500 rpm
80 bar (1160 psi)

3000 rpm
APP0.6
70
73
74
77
APP1.0
73
75
74
77
APP1.5
75
76
73
77
APP1.8
75
76
73
77
APP2.2
75
76
73
77
APP2.5
76
77
74
78
Generally, noise will be reduced if speed is reduced and vice versa. Use flexible hoses in order to minimize vibrations and noise.
Since the pump is typically mounted on a bell housing or frame, the noise level can only be determined for the complete unit
(system).
It is therefore very important that the pump is mounted correctly on a frame with dampers to minimize vibrations and noise.
The noise level is influenced by:
The speed of the pump, high rpm create more noise than low rpm
Rigid mounting of the pump generates more noise than flexible mounting
Pipe mounting direct to the pump increases the noise level compared to a flexible hose

9. Filtration
As water has very low viscosity, the APP pumps have been designed with very narrow clearance in order to control internal leakage
rates and improve component performance. Therefore it is important that the inlet water is filtered properly to minimize the wear of
the pump.
The main filter must have a filtration efficiency of 99.98% at 10 m. We recommend that you use precision depth filter cartridges
rated 10m abs. 10>5000 (equivalent to a filtration efficiency of 99.98%). Bag filters and string wound filter cartridges typically
have only 90% filtration efficiency. This means that for each 100,000 particles reaching the filter, 10,000 particles pass through it
compared to only 20 particles in a filter with an efficiency of 99.98%.
For more information on the importance of proper filtration, please consult our publication Filtration (code number 521B0861),
which also will provide you with an explanation of filtration definitions and a guidance on how to select the right filter.
521B0850
DKCFN.PD.010.FA2.02
10. Dimensions
10.1
Pump
Description
APP0.6 and APP1.0
APP1.5, APP1.8, APP2.2 and APP2.5
Port position, mm (in)
15.9 (0.63)
18.8 (0.74)
Port position, mm (in)
15.9 (0.63)
21.0 (0.83)
mm (in)
88 (3.5)
105 (4.1)
mm (in)
131 (5.2)
166 (6.5)
Parallel key, DIN 6885, mm (in)
5 5 20
(0.20 0.20 0.78)
5 5 20
(0.20 0.20 0.78)
Bleeding
M6, Hexagon AF = 5 mm
Inlet connection
BSP G; 15 (0.59) deep
BSP G; 15 (0.59) deep
Outlet connection
BSP G; 15 (0.59) deep
BSP G; 17 (0.67) deep
SAE A 2
SAE A 2
Pump mounting flange
10.2
Complete unit
Pump
A (mm)
B (mm)
C (mm)
D (mm)
E (mm)
F (mm)
G (mm)
H (mm)
IEC Electric motor
APP0.6
200
245
90
140
100
265
100
131
1.5 kW, FPA 90S-2
APP1.0
200
245
90
140
125
290
100
131
2.2 kW, FPA 90L-2
APP1.5
250
280
100
160
140
325
120
166
3.0 kW, FPA 100L-2
APP1.8
250
302
112
190
140
340
120
166
4.0 kW, FPA 112M-2
APP2.2
300
342
132
216
140
390
144
166
5.5 kW, FPA 132S1-2
APP2.5
300
342
132
216
178
430
144
166
7.5 kW, FPA 132S2-2
DKCFN.PD.010.FA2.02
521B0850
11. Installation
11.1 Mounting
The figure below illustrates how to mount the pump and connect it to electric motor/combustion engine.
A:
B:
C:
Flexible coupling
Bell housing
Motor shaft
If alternative mounting is required, please contact Danfoss Sales Organization for further information.
To ensure easy mounting of the flexible coupling without using tools, the tolerances must be dimensioned accordingly.
Note: Any axial and/or radial loads on the shaft must be avoided, see User guide (521B0888).
Min. 3 mm
The pump should be connected to the rest of the plant with a flexible hoses.
11.2 Open-ended systems with water supply from tank
In order to eliminate the risk of cavitation, a positive inlet pressure should always be maintained by observing the following
guidelines:
Place the tank (1) above pump inlet (water level in tank should always be above the pump).
1.
2.
Place a filter (2) in the water supply line in front of the tank.
3.
Dimension the inlet line (3) with minimum pressure drop (large internal diameter, minimum length of pipe, avoid bends and
fittings with small internal diameter).
11.3 Open-ended system with direct water supply

In order to eliminate the risk of cavitation, a positive inlet pressure is always to be maintained at min. 0.5 bar (7.3 psi) and max. 5 bar
(72.5 psi).
1.
Place the filter (1) in the water supply line in front of the pump.
2.
Place a monitoring pressure switch (2) set at min. 1 bar (14.5 psi) between filter and pump inlet. The monitoring switch must
stop the pump at pressures lower than 1 bar. (14.5 psi) At speeds above 3000 rpm - use 2 bar (29 psi) as set point.
521B0850
DKCFN.PD.010.FA2.02
11.4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
RO system with APP pump

For easy system bleeding and flushing, apply a bypass non-return valve (1) in parallel with the APP pump.
Place an inlet filter (2) in front of the APP pump (3). Please consult section 9, Filtration for guidance on how to select the
right filter. Throughly clean pipes and flush system prior to start-up.
Place a monitoring pressure switch (6) set at min. 1 bar between filter and pump inlet. The monitoring switch must stop the
pump at pressures lower than 1 bar (14.5 psi). At 3000 rpm - use 2 bar (29 psi) as set point.
Dimension the inlet line to obtain minimum pressure loss (large flow, minimum pipe length, minimum number of bends/
connections, and fittings with small pressure losses).
In order to eliminate the risk of damage and cavitation, a positive pressure at the inlet (4) is always to be maintained at min.
0.5 bar (7.3 psi) and max. 5 bar (72.5 psi). At speeds above 3000 rpm the pressure at the inlet of the water pump must be min.
2 bar (29 psi).
Use flexible hoses (5) to minimize vibrations and noise.
Install a safety valve (7) in order to avoid system damage as the Danfoss APP pump creates pressure and flow immediately
after start-up, regardless of any counter-pressure.
1
2
5
Feed
APP
Permeate
Brine
12. Service
Provided that the pump has been running according to the Danfoss specifications on pre-filtration, pressure, and rotation speed,
Danfoss guarantees minimum 8000 hours operation, however max. 18 months from date of sale.
To prevent a total and disastrous breakdown, Danfoss recommends a pump inspection after max. 8000 hours at which any worn
parts must be replaced.
Note: It is always recommended to replace pistons and shaft sealing if another service-free period is to be obtained.
If the pistons are not replaced, more frequent inspection is recommended.
The APP pump is made of duplex/super duplex materials with fine corrosion properties. However, it is always recommended to
flush the pump when the system is shut down.
The shaft sealing in the APP pump is made of AISI 316. At high TDS and high water temperature, the service life of the shaft sealing
will be reduced. For these applications it is recommended to replace the shaft sealing after approx. 4000 hours operation.
12.1 Periodic maintenance
Water acts as lubricant in the APP. Thus there is no oil in the pump.
By operation below the curve for SAF 2507 in the figure in section 7.1, no parts are expected to be replaced within the first 8000
hours of operation.
12.2 Repair
In case of irregular function of the APP, please contact the Danfoss RO Solutions Sales Organisation.
DKCFN.PD.010.FA2.02
521B0850
DATA SHEET
Water Pumps
APP5.1 - 10.2
1.
General information
APP5.1, APP6.5, APP7.2, APP8.2 and APP10.2 pumps are designed to supply low viscosity and corrosive fluids under high pressure,
eg. in seawater reverse osmosis filtration applications and for high pressure salt water pumping.
The APP pumps are based on the axial piston principle enabling a very light and compact design, and they are designed so that
All parts included in the APP pumps are designed to provide long service life, i.e. long service life with a constantly high efficiency
and minimum of service required.
pump displacement, regardless of any counter-pressure.
1
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:
10:
11:
12:
Shaft sealing
Mounting flange
Bleeding plugs
Retaining ring
Piston/shoe
Valve plate
Swash plate
Cylinder barrel
Spring
Port plate
Connecting flange
7
10
12
11
2.
Benefits

Long service life. Danfoss guarantees 8000 hours maintenance-free operation.
All parts of the pump are made of non-corrosive materials eg. duplex (SAF 2205/EN1.4462) and
superduplex (SAF 2507/EN1.4410) stainless steel and carbon reinforced PEEK.
High efficiency.
521B0851
DKCFN.PD.010.FB1.02
11-2006
3.
Technical data
Code number
APP pumps
180B3005
180B3006
180B3007
180B3008
APP5.1
APP6.5
APP7.2
APP8.2
180B3010
APP10.2
cm3/rpm (in3/rpm)
50
(3.05)
63
(3.84)
70
(4.27)
80
(4.88)
100
(6.10)
m3/h (gpm)
5.1
(22.5)
6.5
(28.6)
7.2
(31.7)
8.2
(36.1)
10.2
(44.9)
Min. pressure 1)
bar (psi)
20
(290)
20
(290)
20
(290)
20
(290)
20
(290)
Max. pressure, cont. 2)
bar (psi)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
80
(1160)
Max. pressure, intermittent 3)
bar (psi)
100
(1450)
100
(1450)
100
(1450)
100
(1450)
100
Flow (1800 rpm)
(1450)
Max. speed cont. 4)
rpm
1800
1800
1800
1800
1800
Min. speed cont.
rpm
700
700
700
700
700
80 bar and 1800 rpm:
kW (hp)
Weight
13.7
(18.4)
17.3
(23.2)
19.2
(25.7)
21.7
(29.1)
27.4
(36.7)
30
(66)
30
(66)
30
(66)
30
(66)
30
(66)
kg (lb)
1) For lower pressure, please contact Danfoss RO Solutions Sales Organization.

2) For higher pressure, please contact Danfoss RO Solutions Sales Organzation.
3) Intermittent pressure is acceptable for less than 10 seconds per minute.
4) For speeds above 1500 rpm the APP pump must be boosted at a pressure of 2-5 bar (29-72.5 psi).
4.
Using the diagram shown below, it is easy to select the APP pump which fits the application best if the flow required and the
rotation speed (rpm) of the pump are known.
12,00
APP10.2
10,00
APP8.2
m 3 /h
8,00
APP7.2
6,00
APP6.5
APP5.1
4,00
2,00
0,00
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1600
1800
2000
rp m


Required rpm =

Rated flow
5.
Power requirements
Pump model
Flow
Pressure
Calc. factor
60 bar
70 bar
80 bar
l/min
m3/h
gpm
870 psi
1015 psi
1160 psi
APP5.1
66
4.0
17.4
8.3 kW
9.7 kW
11.1 kW
1460
475.2
APP5.1
79
4.7
20.9
10.0 kW
11.7 kW
14.3 kW
1752
475.2
APP6.5
83
5.0
22.0
10.5 kW
12.3 kW
14.0 kW
1460
475.2
APP6.5
100
6.0
26.4
12.6 kW
14.7 kW
16.8 kW
1752
475.2
APP7.2
93
5.6
24.6
11.6 kW
13.5 kW
15.5 kW
1470
480.6
APP7.2
112
6.7
29.5
13.9 kW
16.3 kW
18.6 kW
1764
480.6
APP8.2
106
6.4
28.1
12.7 kW
14.8 kW
16.9 kW
1470
502.2
APP8.2
128
7.7
33.7
15.3 kW
17.8 kW
20.3 kW
1764
502.2
APP10.2
133
8.0
35.1
16.0 kW
18.7 kW
21.4 kW
1470
496.2
APP10.2
159
9.6
42.1
19.3 kW
22.5 kW
25.7 kW
1764
496.2
The power requirements can be determined using one of the following guiding equations:

Required power =

rpm
l/min bar
Calc. factor
[kW] or
16.7 m3/h bar

0.26 gpm psi
[kW] or
[kW]
Calc. factor
Calc. factor
DKCFN.PD.010.FB1.02
1 hp =
1 kW =
1 gpm =
1 l/min =
1 m3/h =
1 gpm =
0.75 kW
1.34 hp
3.79 l/min
0.26 gpm
4.40 gpm
0.23 m3/h
521B0851
6.
Inlet pressure
Water supply to the APP pump is either made from a tank placed above the pump or directly from a feed pump. The pressure at the
pump inlet (I) must be in the range: 0.5 - 5 bar (7.3 - 72.5 psi).
7.
7.1


Operation:
Fluid temperature:
+3C to +50C (+37.4F to 122F) - dependent on the NaCl concentration

+3C to +50C (+37.4F to 122F)
temperature.
All critical parts of the APP pump are made of SAF 2507.
If the APP pump is operated at high salinity, always flush the pump with fresh water at operation stop in order to minimise the risk
of crevice corrosion.
904L / SAF 2205

7.2

8.
Storage:
-40C to +70C (+37.4F to 122F) provided that the APP pump is drained of fluid and stored
plugged.
Noise level
The chart indicates the noise level in dB(A) measured at a distance of 1 m from the APP pump in a reverberation room.
Type
60 bar (580 psi)

1500 rpm
60 bar (580 psi)

1800 rpm
80 bar (2000 psi)

1500 rpm
80 bar (2000 psi)

1800 rpm
APP5.1
74
79
73
78
APP6.5
74
79
73
78
APP7.2
74
79
73
78
APP8.2
74
79
73
78
APP10.2
74
79
73
78
Generally, noise will be reduced if speed is reduced and vice versa. Use flexible hoses in order to minimize vibrations and noise.
Since the APP pump is typically mounted on a bell housing or frame, the noise level can only be determined for the complete unit
(system).
It is therefore very important that the APP pump is mounted correctly on a frame with dampers to minimize vibrations and noise.
The noise level is influenced by:
The speed of the pump, high rpm create more noise than low rpm
Rigid mounting of the pump generates more noise than flexible mounting
Pipe mounting direct to the pump increases the noise level compared to a flexible hose

9. Filtration
the pump.
have only 90% filtration efficiency. This means that for each 100,000 particles reaching the filter, 10,000 particles pass through it
compared to only 20 particles in a filter with an efficiency of 99.98%.
521B0851
DKCFN.PD.010.FB1.02
10. Dimensions
10.1
APP pump
Description
APP5.1 and APP10.2
Bleeding
Inlet connection
M42 x 1 mm; 13 mm (0.51 in) deep
Outlet connection
M42 x 1 mm; 13 mm (0.51 in) deep
12 8 70
(0.44 0.31 2.76)
10.2
125 A2
Complete unit
Pump
A (mm)
B (mm)
C (mm)
D (mm)
E (mm)
F (mm)
IEC Electric motor
APP5.1
350
415
160
254
210
505
11 kW, FPC 160 M-4
APP6.5
350
415
160
254
254
560
15 kW, FPC 160 L-4
APP7.2
350
415
160
254
254
560
15 kW, FPC 160 L-4
APP8.2
350
460
180
279
241
590
18.5 kW, FPC 180 M-4
APP10.2
350
460
180
279
279
630
22 kW, FPC 180 L-4
APP10.2
400
505
200
318
305
660
30 kW, FPC 200 L-4
For inlet and outlet connections data, see Accessories catalogue (521B0903).

DKCFN.PD.010.FB1.02
521B0851
11. Installation
11.1 Mounting
The figure below illustrates how to mount the APP pump and connect it to an electric motor/combustion engine.
A:
B:
C:
Flexible coupling
Bell housing
Motor shaft
If alternative mounting is required, please contact Danfoss Sales Organization for further information.
Note: Any axial and/or radial loads on the shaft must be avoided, see User guide (521B0888).
Min. 3 mm
The APP pump should be connected to the rest of the plant with a flexible hoses.
11.2 Open-ended systems with water supply from tank
In order to eliminate the risk of cavitation, a positive inlet pressure should always be maintained by observing the following
guidelines:
Place the tank (1) above the APP pump inlet (water level in tank should always be above the pump).
1.
2.
Place a filter (2) in the water supply line in front of the tank.
3.
Dimension the inlet line (3) with minimum pressure drop (large internal diameter, minimum length of pipe, avoid bends and
fittings with small internal diameter).
11.3 Open-ended system with direct water supply

In order to eliminate the risk of cavitation, a positive inlet pressure is always to be maintained at min. 0.5 bar (7.3 psi) and max. 5 bar
(72.5 psi).
1.
Place the filter (1) in the water supply line in front of the APP pump.
2.
Place a monitoring pressure switch (2) set at min. 1 bar (14.5 psi) between filter and pump inlet. The monitoring switch must
stop the pump at pressures lower than 1 bar (14.5 psi) At speeds above 1500 rpm - use 2 bar (29 psi) as set point.
521B0851
DKCFN.PD.010.FB1.02
11.4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
RO system with APP pump

For easy system bleeding and flushing, apply a bypass non-return valve (1) in parallel with the APP pump.
Place an inlet filter (2) in front of the APP pump (3). Please consult section 9, Filtration for guidance on how to select the
right filter. Throughly clean pipes and flush system prior to start-up.
Place a monitoring pressure switch (6) set at min. 1 bar between filter and pump inlet. The monitoring switch must stop the
pump at pressures lower than 1 bar (14.5 psi). Above 1500 rpm - use 2 bar (29 psi) as set point.
Dimension the inlet line to obtain minimum pressure loss (large flow, minimum pipe length, minimum number of bends/
connections, and fittings with small pressure losses).
In order to eliminate the risk of damage and cavitation, a positive pressure at the inlet (4) is always to be maintained at min.
0.5 bar (7.3 psi) and max. 5 bar (72.5 psi). At speeds above 1500 rpm the pressure at the inlet of the APP pump must be min.
2 bar (29 psi).
Use flexible hoses (5) to minimize vibrations and noise.
Install a safety valve (7) in order to avoid system damage as the APP pump creates pressure and flow immediately after startup, regardless of any counter-pressure.
1
2
3
5
Feed
APP
Permeate
Brine
12. Service
Provided that the APP pump has been running according to the Danfoss specifications on pre-filtration, pressure, and rotation
speed, Danfoss guarantees minimum 8000 hours operation, however max. 18 months from date of sale.
flush the APP pump when the system is shut down.
The shaft sealing in the APP pump is made of Hasteloy C. At high TDS and high water temperature, the service life of the shaft
sealing will be reduced. For these applications it is recommended to replace the shaft sealing after approx. 4000 hours operation.
Water acts as lubricant in the APP pump. Thus there is no oil in the pump.
hours of operation.
12.2 Repair
In case of irregular function of the APP pump, please contact the Danfoss RO Solutions Sales Organisation.
DKCFN.PD.010.FB1.02
521B0851
DATA SHEET
Water Pumps
APP24 - 26
1.
General information
APP24 - APP26 pumps are designed to supply low viscosity and corrosive fluids under high pressure, eg. in seawater reverse osmosis
filtration applications and for high pressure salt water pumping.
The pumps are based on the axial piston principle enabling a very light and compact design, and they are designed so that the
All parts included in the pumps are designed to provide long service life, i.e. long service life with a constantly high efficiency and
minimum service required.
IN
IM
Shaft sealing
Mounting flange
Bleeding plugs
Retaining ring
Piston/shoe
Valve/thrust plate
Swash plate
Cylinder barrel
Spring
Port plate
Connecting flange
EL
1:
2:
3:
4:
5:
6:
7:
8:
9:
10:
11:
12:
AR
Y
pump displacement.
Benefits

Long service life (Danfoss guarantees 8000 hours maintenance-free operation)
All parts of the pump are made of non corrosive materials eg. Duplex (SAF 2205/EN1.4462) and
Super-duplex (SAF 2507/EN1.4410) stainless steel and carbon reinforced PEEK
High efficiency
PR
2.
3.
Technical data
Frequency
50 Hz
APP pumps
APP24-50 APP26-50
APP26-60
Rated speed
rpm
1200
1200
1200
1200
Maximum speed
rpm
1200
1200
1200
1200
Minimum speed
rpm
700
700
700
700
cm3/rpm
in3/rpm
352
380
352
380
21.5
23.2
Flow (1200 rpm)
Max. pressure
Min. pressure
521B0852
60 Hz
APP24-60
23.2
21.5
m3/h
gpm
24
26
24
26
105.7
114.5
105.6
114.5
bar
psi
80
80
80
80
1160
1160
1160
1160
bar
psi
40
40
40
40
580
580
580
580
69
max. speed and 80 bar (1160 psi):
kW
hp
64
69
64
86
92
86
92
Weight
kg
lb
125
125
125
125
275.6
275.6
275.6
275.6
DKCFN.PD.010.FC1.02
09-2006
4.
When using the diagram shown below, it is easy to select the pump which fits the application best if the flow required and the
rotation speed (rpm) of the pump are known.
30
25
m3/h
20
APP26-50Hz
APP24-50Hz
APP26-60Hz
APP24-60Hz
15
10
0
900
1000
1100
1200
1300
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
AR
Y
rp m
Rated flow
Dimensions
PR
EL
IM
5.
IN

Required rpm =

Description
APP24 - APP26
12 8 70
(0.47 0.31 2.76)
Bleeding
Inlet connection
3 hose pipe
Outlet connection
2 Victaulic
G , Hexagon AF = 8 mm
6.
180 B 4
Inlet pressure
Water supply to the pump is either made from a tank placed above the pump or directly from the mains. The pressure at the pump
inlet (I) must be in the range: 2 - 5 bar (29 - 72.5 psi)

DKCFN.PI.010.FC1.02
521B0852
7.
7.1


Operation:
Fluid temperature:
+3C to +50C (dependent on the NaCl concentration)

+3C to +50C
AR
Y
temperature.
All critical parts of the APP water pump is made of SAF 2507.
If the water pump is operated at high salinity, always flush the the water pump with fresh water at operation stop in order to
minimise the risk of crevice corrosion.
8.
-40C to +70C provided that the pump is drained of fluid and stored plugged.
Filtration
IM
Storage:
IN
7.2

EL
the pump.
have only 33% filtration efficiency.
9.
PR
Installation
9.1
Mounting
The figure below illustrates how to mount the pump and connect it to the electric motor/combustion engine.
A:
B:
C:
Flexible coupling
Bell housing
Motor shaft
If alternative mounting is required, please contact Danfoss RO Sales Organization for further information.
Note: Any axial and radial loads on the shaft must be avoided.
521B0852
DKCFN.PI.010.FC1.02
AR
Y
10. Dimensions, complete unit
A (mm)
B (mm)
C (mm)
D (mm)
E (mm)
F (mm)
IEC Electric motor
APP24
550
620
250
406
349
770
55 kW, FPC 250 M-4
APP26
550
920
280
457
368
845
75 kW, FPC 280 S-4
IM
11. Service
IN
Pump
Provided that the pump has been running according to the Danfoss specifications on pre-filtration, pressure, and rotation speed,
Danfoss guarantees minimum 8000 hours operation, however max. 18 months from date of sale.
EL
PR
flush the pump when the system is shut down.
The shaft sealing in the APP pump is made of Hasteloy C. At high TDS and high water temperature, the service life of the shaft
sealing will be reduced. For these applications it is recommended to replace the shaft sealing after approx. 4000 hours operation.
Water acts as lubricant in the APP. Thus there is no oil in the the pump.
hours of operation.
11.2 Repair
In case of irregular function of the APP, please contact the Danfoss RO Solutions Sales Organisation.
DKCFN.PI.010.FC1.02
521B0852
The Danfoss APP pumps

The Danfoss Axial Piston Pump (APP) is a positive
displacement pump with an almost constant flow (+/- 1%)
to speed ratio.
The design originating from oil hydraulics and
subsequently redesigned by Danfoss, during the last 15
years, to pump tap and seawater. Tens of thousands of
pumps are in operation worldwide proving the pumps to
be among the most cost-effective and reliable pumps for
membrane applications, both as main high-pressure
pumps but also for recovering energy as reversing
pumps (motors) in the reject line.
The pumps are made in materials incorporating Duplex
and Super-duplex materials as standard.
With Danfoss APP pumps you get the following benefits:
Low energy consumption

Total efficiencies up to 95 percent among the most efficient in the market.
Long service life

Danfoss guarantees service free operation for more than 8,000 hours thanks to two design features:
No oil lubrication: the medium itself lubricates the pump -no risk for contamination of the permeate.
No need for service on a regular basis: the mechanical shaft is the only seal in the pump.
Easy service
1
Its easy and quick to assemble and dissemble the pump - less /2 then hour.
Corrosion resistance
All wetted parts of the pump are designed in duplex, super duplex stainless steel and polymer, ensuring
resistance to corrosive and low viscosity fluids, e.g. seawater and brackish water.
High-pressure operation
Continuous operation at a discharge pressure between 10 and 80 bar (145-1160 psi). Higher discharge
pressures are available on request.
Wide flow range

One pump size covers the same flow range as several centrifugal pumps, because the flow is a linear
function of the speed (rpm). The pumps run at speeds between 700 and 3,450 rpm with the same
efficiency.
Low pulsation
A design featuring up to nine pistons reduces pressure pulsations in the discharge line down to 1.5
percent, rendering pulsation dampers superfluous addition, and reducing installing cost.
Compact design
The most compact pump on the market. Giving system builders a free hand to design more compact
systems. The pump may also be directly mounted onto an electrical motor via a bell housing with a
flexible coupling. No need for frames, belt drive or gearbox.
Since one of our goals is to facilitate supply chain optimization for our customers we offer:
High-Pressure Pumps
Electrical Motors
Frequency Inverters
Soft Starters
Valves
Pressure Transmitters
.and all kinds of "around-the-pump" accessories
I would especially like to introduce our new line of check
valves, standpipes and high pressure hoses with victaulic
connections in duplex.
Danfoss A/S RO-Solution can supply all APP pumps with ATEX approval mounted with EX-proof Zone II motors
via stainless steel housing.
Cost-effective operation and service due to light weight
and compact design:
Flexibility in design of desalination units.

Mounted on motor frame only one frame
needed e.g. no alignment.
No belt-drive or gearbox
Replacement without lifting gear
Easy and quick replacement.
Emergency stock for all pumps for overnight shipment for urgent service situations..setting new standards
For Further information please visit our website : www.danfoss.com/nessie/rosolution
Or contact us at Danfoss RO-Solutions:
Torben sterby
Sales Manager, Asia
Direct tel.: +45 7488 5272
Cell Phone.: +45 2343 5272
E-mail: toe@danfoss.com
Fax.: +45 7445 3831
Anders Grum Kjrgaard

Sales Manager
Direct tel.: +45 7488 7320
Cell Phone.: +45 5133 7320
E-mail: kjaergaard@danfoss.com
Fax.: +45 7445 3831

RO-Solutions: .... Setting New Standards

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RO-Solutions: .... Setting New Standards

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Desalination of Seawater

Place of operation: Mainland Spain

Danfoss A/S is one of the largest industrial

The Groups primary aim is to create quality

.... setting new standards.

Produced by Danfoss G1 Communication 04.09.MR.JN.na

The Natural Choice

APP 1.8-2.2 specification

APP 5.1-10.2 specifications:

Typical flow curves at 80 bar (1160 psi)

Low energy consumption

With APP pumps from Danfoss you get the following

Wide flow range

Common material specifications

If your business is among the below mentioned applications:

2) Other types of connections available on request.

Danfoss A/S RO-Solutions offers not only High-Pressure Pumps but

1) Higher speed available. Please contact the Sales Organisation.

APP 0.6-1.0 specifications

The Axial Piston Pump (APP) is a positive displacement pump design

One of the smallest and lightest pumps on the market.

Max. pressure, cont. 2)

Max. pressure, intermittent 3)

Max. speed cont. 4)

Min. speed cont.

1) For lower pressure, please contact Danfoss RO Sales Organization.

For speeds above 3000 rpm the pump must be

Flow at different rpm

16.7 m3/h bar

Temperature and corrosion

+3C to +50C (+37.4F to 122F) - dependent on the NaCl concentration

904L / SAF 2205

NaCl vs. temperature

60 bar (870 psi)

60 bar (870 psi)

80 bar (1160 psi)

80 bar (1160 psi)

APP0.6 and APP1.0

APP1.5, APP1.8, APP2.2 and APP2.5

Port position, mm (in)

Port position, mm (in)

Parallel key, DIN 6885, mm (in)

BSP G; 15 (0.59) deep

BSP G; 15 (0.59) deep

BSP G; 15 (0.59) deep

BSP G; 17 (0.67) deep

Pump mounting flange

IEC Electric motor

1.5 kW, FPA 90S-2

2.2 kW, FPA 90L-2

3.0 kW, FPA 100L-2

4.0 kW, FPA 112M-2

5.5 kW, FPA 132S1-2

7.5 kW, FPA 132S2-2

11.3 Open-ended system with direct water supply

RO system with APP pump

One of the smallest and lightest pumps on the market.

Max. pressure, cont. 2)

Max. pressure, intermittent 3)

Max. speed cont. 4)

Min. speed cont.

1) For lower pressure, please contact Danfoss RO Solutions Sales Organization.