Specialty of Polyester Fiber | Special Properties of Polyester Fiber

SPECIALITY FIBRES IN POLYESTER

Author: Muhammad Umair Aslam Arain
Department of Textile Engineering
Balochistan University of Information Technology and Management Sciences
Quetta, Pakistan
Email: engr.umair_text@ymail.com

Introduction:
Polyester is a category of polymers which contain the ester functional group in their main chain.
Although there are many polyesters, the term "polyester" as a specific material most commonly
refers to polyethylene terephthalate (PET). Polyesters include naturally occurring chemicals,
such as in the cutin of plant cuticles, as well as synthetics through step-growth polymerization
such as polycarbonate and polybutyrate. Natural polyesters and a few synthetic ones are
biodegradable, but most synthetic polyesters are not.

Polyester Fiber
Polyesters as thermoplastics may change shape after the application of heat. While combustible
at high temperatures, polyesters tend to shrink away from flames and self-extinguish upon
ignition. Polyester fibers have high tenacity and E-modulus as well as low water absorption and
minimal
shrinkage
in
comparison
with
other
industrial
fibers.

Specialty:
Some

A.

most

special

properties

High/Low

of

polyester

shrink

is

discuss

blow

fibres:

The high shrink fibre shrinks upto 50% at 100 C while that of low shrinkage is 1%. The high

shrink fibre enable fabrics with high density to be produced and is particularly used in artificial
leather and high density felt. Low shrinkage fibre is recommended for air filters used in hot air,
furniture,
shoes
etc.

B.

Micro

Denier:

Micro denier is available in 0.5/0.7/0.8 deniers in cutlenghts 32/38 mm. Ideal for high class
shirts, suiting, ladies dress material because of its exceptional soft feel. It is also available in
silicones finish for pillows. To get the best results, it is suggested that the blend be polyester rich
and
reed/pick
of
the
fabric
be
heavy.

C.

Flame

Retardant:

Flame retardant has to be used by law in furnishings/curtains, etc where a large number of
people gather like in cinema theatres, buses, cars etc Europe , Asia and USA. It is recommended
for curtains, seat covers, car mats, automotive interior, aircrafts interior etc.

D.

Cationic

Dye

able:

Gives very brilliant shades with acid dyes in dyeing/printing. Ideal for ladies wear.

E.

Easy

Dyeable:

The easy dye able can be dyed with disperse Dyes@98 degree C without need for HTHP
equipment.
Ideal
for
village
handicrafts
etc.

F.

Low

Pill

Low pill in 2 and 3 deniers, for suiting end use and knitwear fibre with low tenacity of 3 to 3.5
gm/denier, So that pills which form during use fall away easily.

G.

Antibacterial:

It is antibacterial throughout the wear life of the garment inspte repeated washing. Suggested
uses are underwears, socks, sports, blankets and air conditioning filters.

H.

Super

High

Tenacity:

It is above 7 g/denier and it is mainly used for sewing threads. Low dry heat shrinkage is also
recommended for this purpose. Standard denier recommended is 1.2 and today 0.8 is also
available.

I.

Modified

Cross

section:

In this there are TRILOBAL, TRIANGULAR, FLAT, DOG BONE and HOLLOW FIBRES with
singal and multiple hollows. Trilobal fibre gives good feel. Triangle fibre give excellent luster.
Flat and dog bone fibres recommended for furnishing, while hollow fubres are used as filling
fibres in pillow, quilts, bedding and padding. For pillows silicoised fibres is required. Some fibre
producers
offer
hollow
fibre
with
built
in
perfumes.

J.

Conducting

Fibre:

This fibre has fine powder of stainless steel in it to make fibre conductive. Recommended as
carpets
for
computer
rooms.

K.

Low

Melt

Fibre:

It is a bi-component fibre with a modified polyester on the surface which softens at low
temperature like 110 C while the core is standard polyester polymer. This fibre is used for
binding non woven webs.
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