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Surface Roughness Measurement FINAL
Surface Roughness Measurement FINAL
Surface Roughness Measurement FINAL
Section 3, Group 5
SOURABH BALDWA
2013A4PS400P
NIKHIL NAIR
2013A4PS341P
GOGRI ADITYA BHUSHAN
2012B3A4541P
GOPAL YOGHESH BHATT
2012B3A4606P
ADITYA RAKESH KULKARNI
2012B5A4411P
Objectives:
1) Measurement of surface roughness for various cutting speeds, feed rates and depths of
cut.
2) Prediction of surface roughness from machining conditions.
Apparatus Required
Talysurf instrument and turned work piece, Vernier Calipers.
Theory:
Surface RoughnessThe final surface roughness can be considered as a sum of two technological
parameters groups:
1. Macro-deviations,
2. Surface waviness, and
3. Micro-irregularities.
The surface roughness is evaluated by the height, Rt and mean roughness index Ra
of the micro- irregularities.
Surface roughness number
It represents the average departure of the surface from perfection over a prescribed
sampling length, (usually selected as 0.8 mm)
Surface roughness number (Ra) is expressed in microns. Ra = (h1+h2+-----+hn)/n
The measurements are usually made along a line, running at right angle to the
general direction of tool marks on the surface.
Actual profile, Af
Procedure:
Three specimens for varying feed, speed and depth of cut conditions are produced on
lathe.
Open Ultra software.
In the appearing dialogue box set the current traverse unit carriage position to zero.
Slowly bring the stylus on to the specimen until it touches the specimen. To make sure
that there's a touching bring the stylus down more until the reading becomes zero.
Click on Measure & Analyse>Measure and Analyse.
The Measure Dialog contains the settings for a requested measurement.
Measurement Start Position. This is the absolute position on the traverse where you
want the measurement to start. This field is used only if the Immediate field is not
checked.
Data Length keep it 10 mm.
Run up Length keep it 0.3 mm.
Retract direction is default.
Measurement Speed 0.25 mm/sec.
Display Measurement. When this box is checked the measurement results are
automatically displayed after the measurement.
From the displayed raw profile and surface roughness profiles, note down the Ra value.
Now rotate the work piece and take 3 readings similarly along the circumference for one feed
value.
Observation:
Feed
(mm/rev)
Speed
(rpm)
DOC (mm)
0.04
147
0.06
147
0.08
147
0.06
147
Ra (m)
0.282
0.2693
0.2656
0.2544
0.2631
0.2755
0.3168
0.3216
0.3509
0.4313
0.3963
Mean Ra (m)
0.2723
0.26433
0.32977
0.40315
0.06
190
0.06
247
0.06
247
0.5
0.06
247
0.06
247
1.5
0.4142
0.3708
0.3601
0.392
0.3789
0.3237
0.2547
0.2565
0.2838
0.2351
0.3731
0.375
0.3612
0.3474
0.4114
0.3764
0.3838
0.4043
0.4309
0.3842
0.4245
0.4209
Graphs:
Roughness v/s Feed
0.35
0.3
0.25
0.2
Roughness (um) 0.15
0.1
0.05
0
0.04 0.04 0.05 0.05 0.06 0.06 0.07 0.07 0.08 0.08 0.09
Feed (mm/rev)
Speed 147 and DOC 1
0.36368
0.25753
0.36418
0.39398
0.41513
Roughness (um)
0.2
0.1
0
140
160
180
200
220
240
260
Speed (rpm)
Feed 0.06 and DOC 1
Roughness (um)
0.36
0.34
0.32
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.2
1.4
1.6
DOC (mm)
Feed 0.06 and Speed 247
Conclusions:
Precautions:
1. The stylus can take readings of only 550m along the Y axis. Ensure that the work
piece does not have surface irregularities larger than this or the stylus might break.
2. Before starting a reading, ensure that the stylus touches the surface of the work piece
and not the burrs on the surface.
3. While the profile of the surface is being measured, relative vibrations between
workpiece and stylus should be avoided.