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MIT6 003F11 F09final Sol
MIT6 003F11 F09final Sol
Final Examination
Name:
Kerberos Username:
Section
1
2
3
4
Instructor
Time
Marc Baldo
Marc Baldo
Elfar Adalsteinsson
Elfar Adalsteinsson
10 am
11 am
1 pm
2 pm
Partial credit will be given for answers that demonstrate some but not all
of the important conceptual issues.
Explanations are not required and will not aect your grade.
You have three hours.
This quiz is closed book, but you may use four 8.5 11 sheets of paper (eight sides total).
/15
/10
/14
/14
/15
/16
/16
Total
/100
[15 points]
Let G represent a causal system that is described by the following dierential equation
dy(t)
dx(t)
+ y(t) =
x(t)
dt
dt
where x(t) represents the input signal and y(t) represents the output signal.
a. Determine the output y1 (t) of G when the input is
x1 (t) =
et ; t 0
0;
otherwise
(1 2t) et u(t)
y1 (t) =
(s + 1)Y = (s 1)X
Y =
s1
X
s+1
Y1 =
s1
X1 ;
s+1
Y1 =
2
s1
1
=
(s + 1)2
s + 1 (s + 1)2
X1 =
1
;
s+1
Re s > 1
Now consider a feedback loop that contains the G system described on the previous
page. 1
w(t)
x(t)
y(t)
b. Determine a dierential equation that relates w(t) to y(t) when K = 10. The dier
ential equation should not contain references to x(t).
Enter the dierential equation in the box below.
dw(t)
11 dy(t)
dt 9y(t) = 10 dt 10w(t)
Y
=
W
s1
s1
s1
s1
s+1 =K
=K
=K
s1
s + 1 + Ks K
(K + 1)s (K 1)
11s 9
1+K
s+1
K
The minus sign near the adder indicates that the output of the adder is w(t) y(t)
c. Determine the values of K for which the feedback system on the previous page is
stable. Enter the range (or ranges) in the box below.
1 < K < 1
s1
Y
=
W
(K + 1)s (K 1)
s=
K 1
<0
K +1
[10 points]
Use a small number of delays, gains, and 2-input adders (and no other types of elements)
to implement a system whose response (starting at rest) to a unit-step signal
1 n0
x[n] = u[n] =
0 otherwise
is
0 n<0
1 n = 0, 3, 6, 9, . . .
y[n] =
2 n = 1, 4, 7, 10, . . .
3 n = 2, 5, 8, 11, . . .
X
R
2
R
3
R
First nd a system whose unit-sample response is the desired sequence. The periodicity of 3
suggests that y[n] depends on y[n 3]. To get the correct numbers, just delay the input and
weight the delays appropriately. The resulting dierence equation is
y[n] = y[n 3] + w[n] + 2w[n 1] + 3w[n 2] .
A direct realization of the dierence equation is shown below.
Y
R
R
3
R
We can reuse 2 delays by commuting the left and right parts of this network.
Next compute w[n] which is the rst dierence of x[n]:
w[n] = x[n] x[n 1]
The result is the cascade of the rst dierence and the previous result.
[14 points]
3. DT systems
The pole-zero diagram for a DT system is shown below, where the circle has radius 1.
z-plane
12
It is known that when the input is 1 for all n, the output is also 1 for all n.
Sketch the unit-sample response h[n] of the system on the axes below. Label the impor
tant features of your sketch.
h[n]
1
3
n
1
z+
Y
=K
X
1
2
3
2
z+
1
2
+j
3
2
H(1) = 3K = 1
Therefore, K = 13 .
h[n] =
1
([n 1] + [n] + [n + 1])
3
=K
z+
1 2
2
3
4
=K
z2 + z + 1
= K (z+1+z 1 )
z
1/2
1
1
3
Sketch the angle of the frequency response of this system on the axes below. Label the
important features of your sketch (including the axes).
H(e j )
[14 points]
4. CT Systems
1 12
Let y(t) = s(t) represent the response of this system to a unit-step signal
1; t 0
x(t) = u(t) =
0 ; otherwise .
Assume that the unit-step response s(t) of this system is known to approach 1 as t .
Determine y(t) = s(t) and enter it in the box below.
(1 + et 2et/2 ) u(t)
y(t) =
K
.
(s + 1)(s + 12 )
Since the system is stable (system is causal and poles are all in left half-plane), the unit-step
response will approach H(0) as t . Therefore
H(0) =
K
= 2K = 1
(1)( 12 )
1
2
s(s + 1)(s +
1
2)
1
1
2
+
s s+1 s+
1
2
1
for Re{s} > 0. Therefore
s
s-plane
2
1 + 3j
b1
=
a1
H(s) =
K
K
K
=
=
(s + 1)(s + 1 j)(s + 1 + j)
(s + 1)((s + 1)2 + 1)
(s + 1)(s2 + 2s + 2)
K
b0
= 1 = H(j0) =
a0
2
The fundamental frequency is =
2
2
= 1.
2
K
b1
=
= H(j1) =
a1
(1 + j)(1 + 2j)
1 + 3j
10
[15 points]
5. DT processing of CT signals
H1 (j)
xb (t)
uniform
sampler
xc [n]
H2 (e j )
yd [n]
sample-toimpulse
ye (t)
H3 (j)
yd [n](t nT ) .
n=
2T
2T
2T
3
2T
H3 (j)
T
a. Assume in this part that H2 (ej ) = 1 for all frequencies . Determine yf (t) when
5
t + sin
t .
xa (t) = cos
2T
4T
yf (t) =
1
3
t sin
t
cos
2T
4
4T
yf (t)
11
0 < c <
12
[16 points]
For each of the DT signals x1 [n] through x4 [n] (below), determine whether the conditions
listed in the following table are satised, and answer T for true or F for false.
x1 [n]
x2 [n]
x3 [n]
x4 [n]
X(e j0 ) = 0
R
X(e
j ) d
=0
x1 [n]
1
n
x2 [n]
1
n
x3 [n]
1
n
x4 [n]= x4 [n + 5]
1
n
14
[16 points]
7. Multiplied Sampling
xb (t)
uniform
sampler
xc [n]
xd [n] sample-toimpulse
xe (t)
xf (t)
H(j)
cos (7t)
xd [n](t nT )
n=
and
n
H(j) = T if || < T
0 otherwise .
a. Sketch the Fourier transform of xf (t) for the case when K = 1 and T = 1. Label the
important features of your plot.
Xf (j)
15
yes
If yes, specify a value T and the corresponding value of K (there may be multiple
solutions, you need only specify one of them).
T
=
2 4 6 8 10 12
7, 7, 7, 7, 7 , 7 ,
or 2
K =
16
c. Is it possible to adjust T and K so that the Fourier transform of xf (t) is equal to the
following, and is zero outside the indicated range?
Xf (j)
1
yes or no:
3
2
yes
If yes, specify all possible pairs of T and K that work in the table below. If there are
more rows in the table than are needed, leave the remaining entries blank.
T
1
3
2
3
1
4
1
2
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