Code No: V3116/R07 Set No.

1
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009
DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) What is meant by piston effort and crank effort?

(b) A horizontal axle AB 80cms long is pivoted at its centre. It carries a weight
of 35N at B & a rotor weighing 60N at A. The rotor rotates at 800 rpm in
clockwise direction looking from the front. Calculate the angular velocity of
precision taking the radius of gyration of the rotor to be 35cms. [4+12]

2. (a) What do you mean by angle of repose?

(b) A turn buckle, with right and left hand single head start threads, is used to
couple two wagons. Its thread pitch is 12 mm and the mean diameter 40
mm.The coefficient of friction between the nut and the screw is 0.16.
i. Determine the work done in drawing the wagons together a distance of
240 mm, against a steady load of 2500 N.
ii. If the load increases from 2500 N to 6000 N over a distance of 240
mm.What is the work to be done? [4+12]

3. (a) Describe with neat sketch the prony brake dynamometer.

(b) A single block brake is shown in figure 3 the diameter of drum is 250mm and
the angle of contact is 120 degrees. If the operating force of 900N is applied
at the end of a lever and the coefficient of friction between the drum and
the lining is 0.45 determine the torque that may be transmitted by the block
brake. [6+10]

Figure 3
4. (a) State how the size of the flywheel calculated.
(b) A single cylinder four stroke oil engine develops 15kW at a speed of 400 rpm
and drives a machine at 750 rpm. the engine shaft carries a flywheel with
a moment of inertia of 114 kg-m2 .The machine shaft also carries a flywheel
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Code No: V3116/R07 Set No. 1
with the moment of inertia of 8 kg-m2 . If the fluctuation of energy is 80If the
coefficient of fluctuation of speed is required to be lowered to a total value of
1%, what is the moment of inertia of the additional rotating mass to be fitted
to the machine shaft? [6+10]
5. A governor of the Proell type has each arm 250 mm long. The pivots of the upper
and lower arms are 25 mm, from the axis. The central load acting on the sleeve has
a mass of 25 kg and each rotating ball has a mass of 3.2 kg when the governor sleeve
is in mid position, the extension link of the lower arm is vertical and the radius of
path of rotation of the masses is 175 mm. the vertical height of the governor is 200
mm. if the speed of governor is 160 rpm, when in mid position, find:
(a) Length of the extension link and
(b) Tension in the upper arm. [16]
6. Four masses m1 , m2 , m3 and m4 having 100, 175, 200 and 25 kg are fixed to cranks
of 20 cm radius and revolve in places 1, 2, 3 and 4. The angular position of the
cranks in planes 2, 3 and 4 with respect to the crank in plane 1 are 75 0 , 1350 and
2000 taken in the same sense. The distance of planes 2, 3 and 4 from plane 1 are
60 cm, 186 cm and 240 cm respectively. Determine the position and magnitude of
the balance mass at a radius of 60 cm in plane L and M located at middle of the
plane 1 and 2 and the middle of the planes 3 and 4 respectively. [16]
7. A 2-Cylinder uncoupled locomotive with cranks at 90 0 has a crank radius of 32.5
cms. The distance between centers of driving wheel is 150 cms. The pitch of
cylinders is 60 cms. The diameter of Freads of driving wheels is 180 cms. The
radius of center of gravity of balance weights is 65 cms. The pressure due to dead
load on each wheel is 4 tones. The weight of reciprocating and rotating parts per
cylinder are 330 kg respectively. The speed of locomotive is 60kmph. Find:
(a) The balancing weights both in magnitude and position required to be placed
in the planes of driving wheels to balance whole of the revolving and 2/3 of
reciprocating masses.
(b) Swaying couple.
(c) The variation of tractive force.
(d) The maximum and minimum pressure in rails. What is the maximum speed
at which it is possible to run the locomotive, in order that the wheels are not
lifted from the rail? [16]
8. A 1200 kg machine mounted on four identical springs of total spring constant K
and having negligible damping. The machine is subjected to a harmonic external
force of amplitude F0 = 490 N and frequency 180 rpm. Determine the amplitude if
motion of the machine and maximum force transmitted to the foundation because
of the unbalanced force when K = 1.96×106 /m. [16]

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Code No: V3116/R07 Set No. 2
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009
DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) What are the conditions for a body to be in equilibrium under the action of
two forces and a torque?
(b) In four link mechanism ABCD, The link AB revolves with an angular veloc-
ity of 10 Rad/s and angular acceleration of 25 Rad S 2 at the instant when
it makes an angle of 450 with AD, the fixed link.The lengths of links are
AB=CD=800mm, BC=1000mm, AD=1500mm. The mass of the links is
4kg/m length. Determine the torque required to overcome the inertia forces,
neglecting the gravitational effects. Assume all links to be uniform cross sec-
tions. [4+12]

2. (a) Explain that the coefficient of friction for film or viscous friction depends upon
the square root of velocity of body and inversely proportional to the intensity
of bearing pressure.
(b) A screw jack has a screw thread, 7.5 cm mean diameter and 1.5 cm pitch.
The load on the jack revolves with the screw. The coefficient of friction at the
screw threads is 0.05.
i. Find the tangential force to be applied to the jack at 36 cm radius so as
to lift a load of 600 N.
ii. State whether the jack is self-locking.If it is, find the torque necessary to
lower the load.If not, find the torque which must be applied to keep the
load from descending. [6+10]

3. (a) What do you mean by an absorption dynamometer.

(b) A differential band brake acting on the 3/4th of the circumference of a drum
of 450mm diameter is to provide a braking torque of 250Nm. One end of the
band is attached to a pin 100mm from the fulcrum of the lever and the other
end to another pin 25mm from the fulcrum on the other side of it where the
operating force is also acting. If the operating force is applied at 500mm from
the fulcrum and the coefficient of friction is 0.2 find the two values of the
operating force corresponding to the two directions of rotation of the drum.
[4+12]

4. A gas engine is provided with 2 flywheels of 5kN each and the radius of gyration
of each is 60 cm. Cylinder diameter is 20 cm. stroke 25 cm. and the mean rpm
is 200 the mean pressure above the atmospheric during the firing stroke is 0.6 M
Pa during the compression stroke is 0.11 MPa. During the exhaust stroke is 0.03
MPa. During the suction stroke is 0.016 MPa below atmospheric. If the engine has
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Code No: V3116/R07 Set No. 2
one working stroke during four strokes and if the resistance is constant determine
the % fluctuation of speed. [16]

5. A governor of the Proell type has each arm 250 mm long. The pivots of the upper
and lower arms are 25 mm, from the axis. The central load acting on the sleeve has
a mass of 25 kg and each rotating ball has a mass of 3.2 kg when the governor sleeve
is in mid position, the extension link of the lower arm is vertical and the radius of
path of rotation of the masses is 175 mm. the vertical height of the governor is 200
mm. if the speed of governor is 160 rpm, when in mid position, find:

(a) Length of the extension link and

(b) Tension in the upper arm. [16]

6. A, B, C and D are four masses carried by a rotating shaft at radii of 10 cm, 12.5
cm, 20 cm and 15 cm respectively. The planes in which the masses revolve are 60
cm apart and the mass of B, C and D are 10 kg, 5 kg and 4 kg respectively. Find
the required mass A and the relative angular setting of the four masses so that the
shaft is in complete balance. (Assuming the plane of mass as the reference plane.)
[16]

7. A four coupled-wheel locomotive with two inside cylinders has reciprocating and
revolving parts per cylinder as 300 kgf and 250 kgf respectively. The distance
between planes of driving wheels is 150 cms. The pitch of cylinders is 60cms. The
diameter of tread and driving wheels is 190 cms and the distance between planes
of coupling rod cranks in 190 cms. The revolving parts for each coupling rod crank
are 125 kgf. The angle between engine cranks is 90 0 and the length of coupling
rod crank 22 cms. The angle made by coupling rod crank with adjustment crank
is 180. The distance of center of gravity of balance weights in planes of driving
wheels from a scale center is 75 cms. Crank radius is 32 cms. Determine:

(a) The magnitude and position of balance weights required in leading and trailing
wheels to balance 2/3 of reciprocating and whole of revolving parts if half of
the required reciprocating parts are to be balanced in each pair of coupled
wheels.
(b) The maximum variation of tractive force and hammer blow when locomotive
speed is 100kmph. [16]

8. (a) Determine natural frequency of the pendulum system.

(b) Define:
i. Free vibrations
ii. Forced vibrations
iii. Damping. [16]

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Code No: V3116/R07 Set No. 3
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009
DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Define and explain the super position theorem as applicable to a system of
forces acting on a mechanism.
(b) A horizontal axle AB 150cms long is pivoted at its centre. It carries a weight
of 50N at B & a rotor weighing 80N at A. The rotor rotates at 1500 rpm in
clockwise direction looking from the front. Calculate the angular velocity of
precision taking the radius of gyration of the rotor to be 45cms. [4+12]
2. (a) Derive the expression for the friction torque in flat collar bearing considering
uniform wear.
(b) The spindle of a screw jack has single start square threads with an outside
diameter of 45 mm and pitch of 10 mm. The spindle moves in a fixed nut. The
load is carried on a swivel head but is not free to rotate. The bearing surface
of the swivel head has a mean diameter of 60 mm.The coefficient of friction
between the nut and the screw is 0.12 and that between the swivel head and
the spindle is 0.10.Calculate the load which can be raised by efforts of 100 N
each applied at the end of two levers each of effective length of 350mm. also
determine the velocity ratio and the efficiency of the lifting arrangement.
[6+10]
3. (a) Describe with neat sketch the fottinger torsion dynamometer.
(b) A simple band brake is operated by a lever of length 500mm. The brake
drum has a diameter of 500mm and the brake band embraces 5/8th of the
circumference. One end of the band is attached to the fulcrum of the lever
while the other is attached to a pin on the lever 100mm from the fulcrum. If
the effort applied to the end of the lever is 3kN and the coefficient of friction
is 0.25, find the maximum braking torque on the drum. [6+10]
4. The following data refer to a steam engine:
Diameter of the piston= 24 cm
Stroke= 48 cm
Length of connecting rod= 90 cm
Weight of the reciprocating parts= 1500N
Weight of connecting rod= 1000N
Speed = 150 rpm
Center of gravity of the connecting rod from the crank pin= 32cm
Radius of gyration of connecting rod about the center of gravity=40 cm
Determine the magnitude and direction of the inertia torque on the crank shaft
when the crank has turned through 45 degrees from the inner dead center. [16]
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Code No: V3116/R07 Set No. 3
5. A governor of the Proell type has each arm 250 mm long. The pivots of the upper
and lower arms are 25 mm, from the axis. The central load acting on the sleeve has
a mass of 25 kg and each rotating ball has a mass of 3.2 kg when the governor sleeve
is in mid position, the extension link of the lower arm is vertical and the radius of
path of rotation of the masses is 175 mm. the vertical height of the governor is 200
mm. if the speed of governor is 160 rpm, when in mid position, find:

(a) Length of the extension link and

(b) Tension in the upper arm. [16]

6. Two weights of 8 kg and 16 kg rotate in the same plane at radii of 1.5 and 2.25
m respectively. The radii of these weights are 60 0 apart. Find the position of the
third weight of the magnitude of 12 kg in the same plane which can produce static
balance of the system. [16]

7. The following data relate to a single cylinder reciprocating engine.

Mass of reciprocating parts = 40 kg
Mass of revolving parts = 30 kg at 180mm radius.
Speed = 150 rpm
Stroke length = 350 mm
If 60% of the reciprocating parts and all the revolving parts to be balanced, deter-
mine the

(a) Balanced mass required at a radius of 320 mm.

(b) The unbalanced force when the crank has turned 450 from the top dead center.
[16]

8. A mass weighing 85 kgf is supported on springs which deflects 1.8 cm under the
weight of the mass. The vibration of the mass are constrained to be linear and
vertical and are damped by a dashpot which reduces the amplitude to one-quarter
of its initial value in two complete oscillations, find:

(a) The magnitude of the damping force at unit speed and

(b) Periodic time of damped vibrations. [16]

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Code No: V3116/R07 Set No. 4
III B.Tech I Semester Regular Examinations, November 2009
DYNAMICS OF MACHINERY
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Discuss the equilibrium of two and three force members.

(b) In a four link mechanism the dimensions of the links are given below.
Fixed link AD=60mm, driving link AB=50mm, coupler BC=100mm, driven
link DC=80mm, and DE=40mm. The driving link is making an angle 120 0
with AD. The driven link is acted upon by a force of 80 6 1500 N on link DC
at E. Determine the input torque T on the link AB. [4+12]
2. (a) What is meant by the following? Friction, friction force, coefficient of friction,
limiting friction, angle of friction and angle of repose.
(b) The thrust on the propeller shaft of a marine engine is taken up by 8 collars
whose external and internal diameters are 660 mm and 420 mm respectively.
The thrust pressure is 0.4 MN/mm2 and may be assumed uniform. The coef-
ficient of friction between the shaft and collars is 0.04. If the shaft rotates at
90 r.p.m.: find
i. total thrust on the collars: and
ii. power absorbed by friction on the bearing. [6+10]
3. A sample band brake is applied to a drum of 560mm diameter, which rotates at
240 rpm. Angle of contact of band is 270 degrees. One end of the band is fastened
to a fixed pin and the other end of the brake lever 140mm from the fixed pin. The
brake lever is 800mm long and is placed perpendicular to the diameter that bisects
the angle of contact. The coefficient of friction is 0.3; determine the necessary pull
at the end of the lever to stop the drum if 40 kW of power is being absorbed. Also
find the width of the band if its thickness is 3mm and the maximum tensile stress
is limited to 40N/mm2 . [16]
4. A high speed has connecting rod length 5 times the crank which is 6 cm. It weighs
30 N has a center of gravity 10 cm from the big end bearing. When suspended in
bearing it makes 50 complete oscillations in 52 seconds. The reciprocating parts
weigh 15 N. Determine the torque exerted on the crank shaft due to the inertia of
the moving parts when the crank makes an angle of 135 degrees with the top dead
center when the speed of rotation is 1200 rpm. [16]
5. A governor of the Proell type has each arm 250 mm long. The pivots of the upper
and lower arms are 25 mm, from the axis. The central load acting on the sleeve has
a mass of 25 kg and each rotating ball has a mass of 3.2 kg when the governor sleeve
is in mid position, the extension link of the lower arm is vertical and the radius of
path of rotation of the masses is 175 mm. the vertical height of the governor is 200
mm. if the speed of governor is 160 rpm, when in mid position, find:
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Code No: V3116/R07 Set No. 4
(a) Length of the extension link and
(b) Tension in the upper arm. [16]

6. Four masses m1 , m2 , m3 and m4 having 100, 175, 200 and 25 kg are fixed to cranks
of 20 cm radius and revolve in places 1, 2, 3 and 4. The angular position of the
cranks in planes 2, 3 and 4 with respect to the crank in plane 1 are 75 0 , 1350 and
2000 taken in the same sense. The distance of planes 2, 3 and 4 from plane 1 are
60 cm, 186 cm and 240 cm respectively. Determine the position and magnitude of
the balance mass at a radius of 60 cm in plane L and M located at middle of the
plane 1 and 2 and the middle of the planes 3 and 4 respectively. [16]

7. The following data relate to a single cylinder reciprocating engine.

Mass of reciprocating parts = 40 kg
Mass of revolving parts = 30 kg at 180mm radius.
Speed = 150 rpm
Stroke length = 350 mm
If 60% of the reciprocating parts and all the revolving parts to be balanced, deter-
mine the

(a) Balanced mass required at a radius of 320 mm.

(b) The unbalanced force when the crank has turned 450 from the top dead center.
[16]

8. (a) Determine natural frequency of the pendulum system.

(b) Define:
i. Free vibrations
ii. Forced vibrations
iii. Damping. [16]

?????

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