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Lecture 12 Sample Problem Answers
Lecture 12 Sample Problem Answers
Lecture 12 Sample Problem Answers
Beriberi is a nutritional deficiency disease resulting from inadequate thiamine in the diet.
Individuals lacking thiamine accumulate 2 metabolites as a consequence of eating sugar
what are they?
Pyruvate and -ketoglutarate.
3.
The majority of glucose synthesized by a ewe is used by the udder to make lactose and fats.
During the winter, when grazing is poor, milk production decreases. One remedy is to supply
propionate (an odd chain fatty acid that can be converted to succinyl-CoA. Why does this
restore milk supply?
Succinyl CoA can be use to make oxaloacetate, which can be converted to glucose in
gluconeogenesis.
4. Cyanide inhibits Complex IV, blocking the reduction of O2 to water. Methylene blue
can be reduced by components of the electron transport chain and can, when reduced,
reduce O2 to water. Why then, are massive doses of methylene blue an effective
antidote for cyanide poisoning?
Cyanide blocks the reduction of oxygen by cytochrome c oxidase (Complex
IV). Electrons from cytochrome c cannot be transferred to oxygen in Complex
IV. Methylene blue can be reduced by cytochrome c and then reduce oxygen
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Biosc 1000
6. Yeast can grow both anaerobically and aerobically on glucose. How do you explain
Louis Pasteurs observation that glucose consumption decreases when yeast that have
been growing anaerobically are exposed to oxygen.
The energy yield from glucose oxidized aerobically is about 15 times that of yeast
grown anaerobically (30 ATP/2 ATP = 15). The yeast need less glucose to
maintain a comparable growth rate.
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