03

GENERATOR IN POWER PLANT

Ali Mashar

1. MAIN GENERATOR

Each main generator shall be connected to the

transmission system through a generator
transformer.
Each unit auxiliary transformer shall be rated
to supply all the unit auxiliary loads for the
units plus the common auxiliary loads.

 Each main generator/generator transformer

combination shall be capable of providing the
declared unit maximum continuous MW
rating over the specified range of power
factors and frequency/voltage variations.

 The voltage on the 150 kV lines of the Grid

System will normally remain within +/- 5
percent of the nominal value unless abnormal
conditions prevail.
The minimum voltage is -10 percent and the
maximum voltage is +10 percent under
abnormal conditions.

 The Generator shall be capable of operating

continuous by at maximum rated KVA output
at any power factor between the rated 0.80
power factor lagging and 0.95 leading and at
any voltage between 5 percent below and 5
percent above rated volts, within guaranteed
temperature limits.

2. GENERATORS AND ASSOCIATED

EQUIPMENT

2.1 GENERAL
The generator shall be properly designed for
application directly coupled to the turbine as its
prime mover and to operate continuously at the
steam turbine maximum output.
The generator shall be designed to operate safely
and reliably and shall be capable of operation as
a base load unit, i.e. minimum 8000 hours per
annum.
The generator shall be supplied complete with all
necessary auxiliary equipment to make a
completely functional system.

The auxiliary equipment shall includes:

Excitation system complete

Generator stator housing
Turbine generator common lubricating system
Generator cooling system
Core monitor
Bushing current transformers
Terminal enclosure
All special tools and instruments for rotor and
cooler withdrawal and insertion gear
All require instrumentation and controls

2.2 DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

The generator shall be capable of continuously

supplying 1.05 times its nominal rated output
at rated voltage and power factor over the
frequency range 48.5 Hz to 51 Hz, and at rated
frequency and power factor with a voltage
variation of +/-5%. It is appreciated that this
overload capability could effectively increase
the maximum continuous rating of the
generator.

 Moreover, the design shall be such as to meet

the following condition or requirements:
a) Operation at MCR, from 51 to 48.5 Hz, at
rated load and power factor over a voltage
range of 0.95 to 1.05 p.u. within
temperature rise limits.
b) Operation over the power factor range
0.80 lag to 0.95 lead

 Each generator shall be the cylindrical rotor type and

together with its excitation system shall be fully
interchangeable with other units in the station.
The generator shall be fully capable of operating in
parallel with other generating units connected to the
transmission system, and if the circumstance arises,
individually supplying the local load of an 'island
system'. This shall apply during the specified steady
state and system transient load conditions and load
changes, without active or reactive load oscillations.

 The generator shall be designed to withstand the

forces and torques imposed during the conditions (a)
and (b) listed below without sustaining damaging
movement of the stator windings frame or core, or
damage to the rotor or other major components
a) 3-phase zero-impedance short-circuit suddenly
applied at the terminals from rated open-circuit
voltage.
b) Line-to-line zero-impedance short-circuit suddenly
applied at the terminals from rated open-circuit
voltage.

 The generator shall be capable of

withstanding the effects of system harmonic
frequency currents caused by loads such as
large arc furnaces located in close proximity to
the power station, without harmful
deformation of the windings or shafting or
other mechanical damage, and without
significantly reducing the life of the generator