Name : Dimas Willy Prayoga

Faculty/ Prody : FEB/ Management

Subject : Computer Application & IT
Type : Homework Individual

WHAT TRUE, MARK 1 IS THE FIRST ELECTRONIC COMPUTER MACHINE?

My feel the opinion that is FALSE! , Because, the first of computer electronic Is ABC (Atanasoff
Berry Computer) :
1. Atanasoff Berry Computer (ABC) [1]
Atanasoff Berry Computer was the first automatic electronic digital
computer in 1937, the machine was not programmable, being designed
only to solve systems of linear equations. It was successfully tested in
1942. Atanasoff and Berry's computer work was not widely known until
it was rediscovered in the 1960
2. Mark 1 [1]
the IBM Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator calles
Mark 1 by Harvard University's staff was a general propose
electro-mechanical

complete that was used in the war

effort during the last part of the word war II, the original
concept was presented to IBM by howard aiken in
november 1937, and was operation between 1944 and 1959
3. ENIAC [1]
Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer was the
first

electronic general-porpose computer,

digital,

and

capabel of being reprogrammed to slove a large class of

numerical problems

The computer was built on 17 May

1943 as Project PX was constructed at the Moore School of

Electrical

Engineering

from

mid-1944,

and

operated

officially since February 1946

4. EDVAC [1]
Electronic Discrete Variable Automatic Computer was one
of the earliest electronic computer, unlike its predecessor
the ENIAC, it was binary rather than decimal, and was
stored program computer. ENIAC inventors John Mauchly
and J. Presper Eckert proposed the EDVAC's construction
in August 1944. A contract to build the new computer was
signed in April 1946. EDVAC was delivered to the Ballistics Research Laboratory in August 1949
5. UNIVAC 1 [1]
Universal Automatic Computer 1 was the first commercial
computer produced in the united states. J Presper Eckert and
john mauchly the inventor of the UNIAC. The first UNIVAC
was accepted by the United States Census Bureau on March
31, 1951, and was dedicated on June 14 that year.

Name : Dimas Willy Prayoga

Faculty/ Prody : FEB/ Management
Subject : Computer Application & IT
Type : Homework Individual

ABOUT MARK I. [2]

Mark I was designed in 1937 by a Harvard graduate student, Howard H. Aiken to solve advanced
mathematical physics problems encountered in his research. Aikens ambitious proposal envisioned the
use of modified, commercially-available technologies coordinated by a central control system.
Supported by Harvard faculty in the division that is today the School of Engineering and Applied
Sciences, Aiken discussed his idea with several manufacturers, eventually finding interest at IBM, a
company that specialized in calculating machines and punch card systems. Using company
components, IBM engineers in Endicott, NY developed the machines working systems and directed its
construction over five years. During that period America entered World War II. When Mark I was
finally delivered to Harvard in 1944, it was operated by the U.S. Navy Bureau of Ships for military
purposes, solving mathematical problems that until then required large teams of human computers.
Mark I was in operation between 1944 and 1959, at which point sections from each of its components
were taken to IBM and the Smithsonian Institution, leaving the smaller version seen here. The original
Mark I was about twice the current length.
Automatic Calculators,
Human Computers
Until the 1940s, mathematical problems and tables were worked by teams of dozens of human
"computers" with mechanical calculating machines. Mathematicians were in charge of turning complex
problems into distributed, simple operations for their teams.
Mark I was originally called the Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator by IBM, and often
referred to as the Harvard Calculator when first installed in Cambridge in 1944. It started to be
known as Mark I as its successor machines were built.
Was it a Robot? a Calculator? or a Computer? Until 1945, computer was a job description for a
person who performed mathematical operations for large-scale projects. The existence of new
machines like Mark I created the need for a word to describe them. Around 1945, people started
redefining such new machines as computers.

Reference by :

University, Harvard, The Mark 1 Computer, online access at September, 22, 2015.
http://chsi.harvard.edu/markone/about.html
Wikipedia, encyclopedia Atanasoff Berry Computer (ABC) , mark 1, Eniac, Edvac, Univac 1,
History of Computer Generation online access at September, 22, 2015.
http://en.wikipedia.org [2]