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  • Differences Between DNA and RNA

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    Meri Sunder
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    DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that differ in their chemical structure and functions. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose and is a double-stranded molecule found in the nucleus that acts as the cell's long-term genetic storage. RNA contains the sugar ribose, is usually single-stranded, and acts as a messenger to transfer genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cell to make proteins. Some key differences are that DNA contains the base thymine while RNA contains uracil, and DNA is more stable while RNA is more reactive and short-lived.

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    DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that differ in their chemical structure and functions. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose and is a double-stranded molecule found in the nucleus that acts as the cell's long-term genetic storage. RNA contains the sugar ribose, is usually single-stranded, and acts as a messenger to transfer genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cell to make proteins. Some key differences are that DNA contains the base thymine while RNA contains uracil, and DNA is more stable while RNA is more reactive and short-lived.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    226 views3 pages

    Differences Between DNA and RNA

    Uploaded by

    Meri Sunder
    DNA and RNA are nucleic acids that differ in their chemical structure and functions. DNA contains the sugar deoxyribose and is a double-stranded molecule found in the nucleus that acts as the cell's long-term genetic storage. RNA contains the sugar ribose, is usually single-stranded, and acts as a messenger to transfer genetic information from DNA in the nucleus to the ribosomes in the cell to make proteins. Some key differences are that DNA contains the base thymine while RNA contains uracil, and DNA is more stable while RNA is more reactive and short-lived.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
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    of 3

    11/22/2015

    DifferencesbetweenDNAandRNA

    DifferencesbetweenDNAandRNA
    PostedbySagarAryal

    August14,2015

    DifferencesbetweenDNAandRNA
    Hereare17differencesbetweenDNAandRNA.

    S.N.

    DNA

    RNA

    1.

    DNAstandsforDeoxyribonucleicAcid.
    ThesugarportionofDNAis2
    Deoxyribose.

    RNAstandsforRibonucleicAcid.Thesugar
    portionofRNAisRibose.

    2.

    ThehelixgeometryofDNAisofBForm
    (AorZalsopresent).

    ThehelixgeometryofRNAisofAForm.

    DNAisadoublestrandedmolecule

    RNAusuallyisasinglestrandhelix

    3.

    http://www.microbiologyinfo.com/differencesbetweendnaandrna/

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    11/22/2015

    DifferencesbetweenDNAandRNA

    consistingofalongchainofnucleotides.

    consistingofshorterchainsofnucleotides.

    4.

    ThebasespresentinDNAareadenine,
    guanine,cytosineandthymine.

    ThebasespresentinRNAareadenine,
    guanine,cytosineanduracil.

    5.

    DNAisselfreplicating.

    RNAissynthesizedfromDNAonanas
    neededbasis.

    6.

    BasePairing:AT(adenine
    thymine)GC(guaninecytosine).

    BasePairing:AU(adenineuracil)GC
    (guaninecytosine).

    7.

    PurineandPyrimidinebasesareequalin
    number.

    Thereisnoproportionalityinbetweenthe
    numberofPurineandPyrimidinebases.

    8.

    DNAissusceptibletoUVdamage.

    ComparedwithDNA,RNAisrelatively
    resistanttoUVdamage.

    9.

    Hydrogenbondsareformedbetween
    complementarynitrogenbasesofthe
    oppositestrands(AT,CG).

    Basepairingthroughhydrogenbonds,
    occursinthecoiledparts.

    10.

    DNAisfoundinthenucleusofacelland
    inmitochondria.

    DependingonthetypeofRNA,thismolecule
    isfoundinacellsnucleus,itscytoplasm,
    anditsribosome.

    11.

    DNAcantleavethenucleus.

    RNAleavesthenucleus(mRNA).

    12.

    TheCHbondsinDNAmakeitfairly
    stable,plusthebodydestroysenzymes
    thatwouldattackDNA.Thesmallgrooves
    inthehelixalsoserveasprotection,
    providingminimalspaceforenzymesto
    attach.

    TheOHbondintheriboseofRNAmakes
    themoleculemorereactive,comparedwith
    DNA.RNAisnotstableunderalkaline
    conditions,plusthelargegroovesinthe
    moleculemakeitsusceptibletoenzyme
    attack.

    13.

    Renaturationaftermeltingisslow.

    Itisquitefast.

    14.

    DNAisonlytwotypes:intranuclearand
    extranuclear.

    ThreedifferenttypesofRNA:mRNA,tRNA
    andrRNA.

    15.

    Itsquantityisfixedforcell.

    ThequantityofRNAofacellisvariable.

    16.

    Itislonglived.

    SomeRNAsareveryshortlivedwhileothers
    havesomewhatlongerlife.
    Functions:Usedtotransferthegenetic

    http://www.microbiologyinfo.com/differencesbetweendnaandrna/

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    DifferencesbetweenDNAandRNA

    17.

    Functions:Longtermstorageofgenetic
    informationtransmissionofgenetic

    codefromthenucleustotheribosomesto
    makeproteins.RNAisusedtotransmit

    informationtomakeothercellsandnew
    organisms.

    geneticinformationinsomeorganismsand
    mayhavebeenthemoleculeusedtostore
    geneticblueprintsinprimitiveorganisms.

    DifferencesbetweenDNAandRNA
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    ABOUTTHEAUTHOR
    SagarAryal
    IamSagarAryal,apassionateMicrobiologistandtheScientificBlogger.Iamcurrentlyinvolvedin
    myMaster'sDegree(Microbiology)ThesisandworkingasatraineeatSt.Xavier'sCollege,
    Kathmandu,Nepal.IamparticularlyinterestedinresearchrelatedtoMedicalMicrobiologyand
    Virology.FindmeonFacebook,TwitterorLinkedin!!!

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