13.

3-5
Emancipation proclamation
• Lincoln already had the proc. But he needed a win to declare it [if he declares before
Antietam, it means he’s desperate]
• Slaves are helping the confederacy
○ Make money by working
○ Replace men so that they could go fight
• This makes war unpopular
On January 1, 1863, ---declares
○ All slaves IN THE CONFEDERACY is free
○ Military/navy/executive gov will help free them
○ Freed ppl should stay away from violence and get a normal job
• Slaves EVERYWHERE cheered
• Confed slaves escape
• Britain and france [against slavery] can’t help the confed now –against their own
belief
1864- 13th amendment abolished slavery
• 14th –citizens SLAVES
• 15th-can vote
SLAVES IN WAR
○ Slaves wanted to fight but ppl said “this is a white man’s war”
• South
○ Slaves could rebel with arms
○ Military becomes desperate though and allows them-1865
• North
○ Union navy allowed them to join—slaves can be guides/spies
○ Ex: harriet tubman helped slaves escape and spy on rebels
○ 1862-allowed slaves to join---200,000 ppl
○ Organized slaves in separate regiments
○ Paid less until protest in 1864
○ Ex: 54th regiment- fought in SC-won respect
○ Helps them see what they are truly fighting for
SOLDIERS IN WAR
• Often bored doing drills, eating bad food, marches, and rain
• Have many casualities- sometimes wait for 1 whole day for treatment
• 1/11 union and 1/8 confed. ran away due to fear,hunger, or sickness
• Rebels didn’t have food
• Worried for family
• SOUTH IS RUNNING OUT OF SUPPLIES
• North didn’t get changed by war as much as south-lose land/homes
WOMEN IN WAR
• Became teachers/office workers/manage farms
• Lost family often
• Mary chesnut-SC writer
• Made supplies for armies
• Wanted to be nurses but the men thought it was improper for a women to see other
men and they can’t take the gore
 CONFEDERATE UNION

• Spy—greenhow
“entertained” union to
get plans
• Spy-boyd[ 4rm VA]
told confed union
movements
• Soldier-velazquez
fought in the battle of
the bull run/shiloh
• Nurse-sally Thompson
made hospitals in
• Spy/guide-Harriet
tubman helps ppl
escape and spied for
union
• Nurse-Dorothea dix-
organized large #s of
ppl to be nurses
• Nurse-Clara barton-
made the red cross

PPL START HATING WAR

○ Copperheads/peace party- wants to talk to south and get peace
○ Ppl hate draft[ 18-35 must serve for 3 yrs]—why should we fight for worthless
slaves?-protest
○ Inflation-raise price on products
1. Norht-If any ppl interfere with war efforts—arrested!
2. Suspend habeas corpus[ ppl can have a hearing before being jailed]-outraged south
because they would lose their own rights
3. Draft issues?—bounties [bribery $]
4. South can get out of draft if they find a replacement
5. North can find replacement AND pay $300

• Fredericksburg-burnside vs. lee

○ Lee was in a strong position[ entrenched]
○ Confed won
 ○ Burnside replaced by hooker
• Chancellorsville lee vs. hooker
○ Lee won
○ Stonewall Jackson died—own party killed him!
• GETTYSBURG meade vs. lee
• Meade’s mission- protect dc and Baltimore and defeat lee
• 3 day battle
• 1st day- union did a surprise attack but lost
• Day 2-Draw
• 3rd day- picketts charge-union won
• UNION WON OVERALL
• Lee says it’s all my fault Turns the war around
• Vicksburg and Lincoln can be
• Control this= control Mississippi relected
• Union won
GRANT’S plan
1. Destroy lee’s army with army of Potomac-wilderness, spotsylvannia
courthouse, cold harbor
2. Destroy the deep south—march to sea
3. Control Mississippi
• Grant attacks Petersburg-if captured, capital is surrounded!
• SHERMAN’S MARCH TO SEA
○ From tenessee to Georgia-burn/destroy everything [total war]
• 4/2- Richmond is captured
• At Appomattox courthouse-lee surrenders
○ keep horses
○ Get supplies to start over
○ Leave weapons there

Lincoln is killed on 4/14

WAR ENDS
• South is bitter
• Economy is collapsing
• Transportation is dead
• Land is ruined
• Slaves r free

*NOTE* THE TEST WILL PROBABLY HAVE LINCOLN’S

SPEECH SO STUDY THAT!!!!!!