Documentary: ‘Slumdog Secret Millionaire’

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uOGawds1y0w

Relates to our documentary as it appeals to young people because of the successful

‘Slumdog Millionaire’ movie, the audience will be interested in this documentary as it
too shows the reality of life in the slums of India.

‘Slumdog Secret Millionaire’ is also on Channel 4 which is the channel we

believe our documentary would be most suitable in order to target a young
target audience.

Special episode of the hit series as British Indian entrepreneur Seema Sharma
leaves behind her affluent lifestyle to go undercover in the slums of Mumbai. More
than half of its thirteen million residents live in slums, over the next twelve days
Seema will be joining them; posing as a volunteer. Dharavi is the largest slum in
India where one million people are crammed in one square mile, throughout the
documentary we follow Seema’s journey as she has many true realities to face and
hard decisions to make.

The narrator introduces us to Seema and

explains the plot, meanwhile background
footage is shown of her further on in the
documentary, there is non-diegetic music
in the background and the title ‘Slumdog
Secret Millionaire’ slowly fades onto the
screen.

We feel as if we know Seema personally as

there is a MCU of her talking about her
privileged upbringing, enabling her to become a
dentist and is now a successful business woman
worth £5million.

Also, we are shown her home life and luxury

life style enabling the audience to get to
know her as a person, therefore, we engage
with her and want to watch more as we
become interested in her exciting
experience.
The narrator keeps the audience updated
throughout the documentary after each
break, enabling viewers who have tuned in
late to quickly follow the synopsis. There is
a lot of background footage which flows with
the facts and statistics the narrator is telling
us, everything he says is being supported
by shots of buildings and slums; introducing
us to the area Seema will be staying in.

As the documentary progresses the narrator

speaks less and Seema is occasionally the
voiceover as we have now become familiar with
her. There are many MCU’s of her telling the
audience about her feelings and emotions
during the day and at the end of the day where
she describes working conditions as, “Inhumane
and overwhelming.”

There are drastic shots of poor living and working

conditions, the “dumping ground” which is a three acre,
nine storey high rubbish tip which is a huge industry
where thousands of people known as ‘rag pickers’
scavenge for plastic; six thousand people live around
this area in shanty towns.

The language of the documentary is not very

challenging, therefore a young audience can relate to it, understand the plot easily
and not be put off or bored by sophisticated language they do not understand. Also,
we get a feel of the Asian community and culture as there is occasional non-diegetic
Indian music played in the background. It is upbeat which keeps us entertained as
the topic is quite upsetting.

As well as this Seema is able to speak basic Hindu, therefore she can communicate
with the local people and this is translated for us into subtitles which keeps us
stimulated as we have to concentrate on what they are saying.

Documentary: ‘Super Size Me’

Relates to our documentary as it is a similar topic, they are both concerned with
body image.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V168xofxgu0

‘Super Size Me’ is a theatrical documentary directed by and starring

Morgan Spurlock. This type of documentary has recently become a
popular new trend for provocative film documentaries to be fronted by
a charismatic narrator who appears on screen. It follows a thirty day
period during which he only eats McDonald’s foods; the purpose of
the experiment is to see the drastic effects that this unhealthy lifestyle
has on Spurlock both physically and psychologically. Also, it explores the fast food
industry’s corporate influence, including how it encourages poor nutrition for its own
profit.

The genre of ‘Super Size Me’ is polemical as it expresses a point of

view; it is a public service documentary because it is designed to
draw attention to fast food companies such as McDonalds acting
immorally. It documents Morgan Spurlock’s day to day life including
video diary elements and a series of reports throughout on the
effects this diet has on his health.

The structure of the documentary is a mixture of the two narratives,

both linear and non-linear as it is shown from a human angle as it
consists of Spurlock’s progression of day to day life but it also looks
back on events which he does at the end when he concludes his experiment.

As the narrator Spurlock introduces the topic, we can

very quickly engage with him as he is just an ordinary
man, he tells us about his background and upbringing;
making us feel as though we know him personally. He is
enthusiastic about the topic providing lots of background
footage then followed by titles which keeps the audience
stimulated as there is lots of things to look at and read;
such as information and statistics which are all quite
shocking so we remember them and they had a big impact on us.

Some examples of background footage used are the maps

showing vast number of McDonalds all over America,
cartoons, graphs, charts, diagrams, animations, shots of
McDonald’s foods and fat people. Everything Spurlock
says is supported by background footage made up of very
quick shots with fast cuts, in order to inform the audience
with a lot of facts and information in a small amount of time
to keep them interested.
The main purpose of the documentary is to inform not entertain, however, there are
some humorous moments for example ‘Fat bottomed girls’ is played to make the
audience laugh as it is ironic. The use of non-diegetic sound is mostly the music
tracks played in the background which are used to keep the audience entertained as
they are quite lively and upbeat.

There are a variety of mise-en-scenes such as during

the informal interviews of vox pops included in order to
hear the voice of the American people which are
mostly set in the busy streets outside McDonalds;
these are noisy scenes full of diegetic sound of people
rushing by and vehicles on the road; giving a realistic
effect.

In contrast to these there are many informal interviews

with professionals such as doctors and lawyers who are
sat at a desk highlighting their status. At these times
there is a medium close-up shot and they don’t look at
the camera which creates a feeling as though we are
there ourselves in the room.
This relates to our documentary as it is a topic also concerned with body image, with
a young female presenter attracting a young target audience.

Louise Redknapp discovers firsthand the

dangers of the current obsession with being
stick thin when she undertakes an extreme
crash diet and exercise regime in an attempt to
drop to a US dress size zero in just 30 days.

The documentary is Preferred Reading as Louise wants

the audience to take away a specific message with them.
She is exposing size zero to be extremely unhealthy and
dangerous as it is widely agreed that size zero is a
problem in our society. The images we see in magazines
of ‘perfection’ are dramatically edited; therefore we
should not aspire to something which isn’t real and
unachievable.

The voice over introduces us to Louise Redknapp who is presenting the

documentary, we are told about her successful career and celebrity lifestyle,
enabling people who aren’t familiar with her to get to know her. There is a
lot of background footage used of images of Louise throughout her career,
stimulating the audience with images and information. Next the voice over
introduces the audience to the topic, how celebrities are under so much
pressure to look good and be skinny which has resulted in an ‘obsession of
size zero.’ We are shown a clip of further on in the documentary where she
is exercising in order to meet her challenge of reaching size zero, also a clip
of a MCU of her husband who disagrees with the experiment followed by a mid shot
of Louise with the title to the right. Consequently before the title page we are familiar
with the presenter, the topic and have already obtained a lot of information making
us very interested and eager to find out more.
Straight after the title has been shown there is pop music in
the background and more background footage of Louise, a
MCU of her telling us about s how she has felt pressurised in
the past to be slimmer. The voice over gives us more
information of celebrities who seem to maintain size zero
such as Victoria Beckham, there is background footage of
skinny celebrities on the red carpet and models on the
catwalk. Louise feels that ‘Women are under so much
scrutiny in this day and age, it is getting ridiculous,’ therefore
she is putting herself through a punishing regime in order to
reach the hotly debated American size zero. Her aim is to
expose the size zero trend for what it really is’ unhealthy,
unsexy, and not easy to achieve as some celebs make us
believe.’

Louise has a photo shoot which of her body shape

before and after the experiment so we can visibly see
the affects the crash diet has had upon her physically.
These photos are not in any way edited unlike the
photo shoots she has had in the past where she has
been made to look perfect. When looking at these
non-edited images of herself she feels as though she
needs to lose weight as she is used to looking at
unrealistic images of herself and comparing herself to
these.

At the end of each week we are updated with her ‘size zero diet diary’ which updates
us on her weight loss, dress size and BMI, we are also given advice such as ‘a BMI
of is seen as dangerously under weight.’
There are a number of MCU interviews with family members such as her husband
and mother who are concerned about the negative impacts this experiment will have
upon Louise’s health. Throughout the documentary the audience becomes aware of
how dangerous seeking size zero is, therefore the documentary is very successful in
the message it aims to get across to us.

It achieves this by including professionals which the audience wouldn’t question as

we immediately assume they have a lot of knowledge about this topic. For example,
Louise has a nutrition expert throughout the experiment, he doesn’t normally help
people who crash diet; but is willing to make an exception for this documentary in
order to expose the dangers of extreme dieting. Dr Carey says: “I think the current
vogue is macabre. I think it is obscene and it is very unhealthy.”

Throughout the documentary there are short clips of music played in the
background, all of which are upbeat modern tracks of artists such as Lily Allen,
Gwen Stefani, Snow Patrol and Razorlight. This reflects the target audience as these
up to date tracks will mainly appeal to young people, who are the age group which
are most at risk of feeling pressured by size zero. As we are given a statistic ‘90% of
all teenager girls a re worried about their weight.

There is a clever use of music, for example when Louise is

travelling to LA in America to seek a strict diet and exercise
regime, Razorlight ‘America’ song is played; as background
footage of a plane flying is shown ‘Living in America’ is heard
in the background. This is very effective as it is all on time,
the music relates to what’s happening which makes the
documentary flow and look very professional.

To include some humour in the documentary there is a very loud character, Barry
who helps Louise with her strict diet and exercise
regime; he is a well known fitness instructor in
America- 'Barry's Boot camp'. Barry is very
entertaining as he shouts at Louise to keep
exercising; his main purpose is to make the audience
laugh as he is so strict with her.
We become very interested in the topic as Louise is so
passionate about it, this is shown when she visits her
friend Denise Van Outen. The voice over tells us additional
information, we are told that Denise experienced the size
zero phenomenon first hand. Louise and Denise are shown
in a long shot casually walking along together giving the
effect that we are listening in to their private conversation, we are hearing this from
Denise herself; an exclusive interview. She has felt extremely pressured and has
been told on occasions to lose weight, when on holiday she was photographed
which was in magazines with headlines saying she had 'put on weight and let herself
go.'

Another celebrity who appears in the documentary is Mel C (Melanie

Chisholm) a well known member of 'The Spice Girls' girl band who suffered
from anorexia herself as she felt so much pressure to look good. We are
shown background footage of Mel C in one of the Spice Girls music videos
to remind the audience who she is. This interview is a lot more intense than
the one with Denise Van Outen as Melanie actually suffered from anorexia
and has a shocking story to tell. Therefore, the interview consists of many
MCU and close-ups enabling the audience to see how genuine Melanie is
and Louise's shocked facial expressions. Melanie tells her, 'I think that the
media and role models have a lot of responsibility...having an eating
disorder is the most miserable existence’

Louise visits Rhodes Farm Clinic where children with eating disorders go to recover;
we see her breakdown on camera as she is so upset by their experiences. There is
soft, slow music in the background setting the sad atmosphere as a shot showing an
image of each child is shown with their name in the left hand corner, and the effects
an eating disorder had had upon their lives underneath. As a result Louise also visits
her old stage school, the Italia Conti Academy of Theatre Arts, to warn the pupils
about the true horrors of crash dieting.
At the end of the documentary Louise has successfully achieved size
zero and can fit into the dress she bought for inspiration but does not
feel happy at all with her appearance. She gives us an overview of her
feelings about size zero and summaries the whole experience.
We are given more information in the form of text at the end for us to read telling us
that, ‘Two months on, Louise has made a full recovery. She is once again enjoying
her food and loving her curves.’ This is effective as we know what happened after
the documentary and feel happy that she’s back to her normal shape.

Codes and Conventions of a Documentary

After analysing ‘Supersize Me,’ ‘Slumdog Secret Millionaire, ’The Truth about Size
Zero’ and ‘’ I am aware of a number of codes and conventions used throughout a
documentary such as:

The voiceover is very authoritative and enthusiastic which encourages the audience
to immediately think this person has a lot of specialist knowledge about the topic. As
a result the audience is intrigued, they want to find out more and pay great attention.
Also, the voiceover is most likely to be a well known celebrity as the audience will
easily recognise them and feel comforted by this. As well as this if there is also a
presenter this person will be very passionate about the topic in order for the
audience to take interest, they will be very charismatic and have a likeable
personality.

Documentaries are mainly non-fiction, as many of the events presented to the

audience are seen as ‘real.’ Great lengths are taken to convince the audience that
the footage is real and unaltered in anyway, although a lot of editing takes place after
filming and the addition of a voiceover which affects the realism of the documentary
all together.

The mise-en-scene will be very ordinary, for example, vox-pops of the general public
will take place on busy walk ways as if they have just instantly started talking to the
individual. This will also enable natural diegetic sound to be heard e.g. noise in the
background of passer’s by and cars, which all contribute to the realism of the
documentary

Furthermore, documentaries include a lot of background footage which relates to the

specific topic for instance in ‘Supersize Me’ there is a wide variety such as: maps
showing locations of McDonalds all over America, shots of images of McDonalds
foods, fat people as McDonalds is very unhealthy and is a big contributor to obesity.
As well as this documentaries are very informative, therefore they include many
statistics, facts and figures to make the audience aware of the topic; giving them
further knowledge. All of this information is presented in many different ways in order
to keep the audience stimulated and interested, ensuring they are not bombarded by
too much information as once. A popular form of presenting the information is
through the use of text and titles to anchor images in time and space and labels,
dates are used as the audience won’t question this evidence; it is a quick and cheap
way of conveying information.

Interviews are used to authenticate the views expressed in the documentary, some
of which may disagree with the message portrayed in order to avoid bias; however,
this point of view will most likely be out-weighed. For example, in ‘The truth about
size zero’ the message is that size zero is extremely unhealthy and dangerous, this
viewpoint doesn’t change throughout, although when interviewing a catwalk models
manager he doesn’t see any harm in a model having to lose a bit of weight; in order
to fit into the clothes and be paid around £250,000 for a photo-shoot.

Non-diegetic sound such a music played in the background is most likely to be heard
in every documentary as it can be used to add tension , set an atmosphere, the lyrics
may relate to the topic and it can simply keep the audience entertained. In
‘Supersize Me’ childish music is used when the children are singing a well known
playground rhyme, ’McDonalds, McDonalds Kentucky fried chicken and Pizza Hut’
which is used to undermine McDonalds.

I have researched television channels, in order to help us decide which

channel would be most suited to broadcast our documentary.
BBC 1 and BBC 2 provide mainstream TV for a variety of audiences.

BBC 1 – Created between 1940-1950. Channel consists of: soaps such as

‘Eastenders’, news, comedy, dramas e.g. casualty

BBC 2 – Created in 1963, it has 60% audience share of BBC. Channel provides
documentaries, wildlife

ITV – First independent channel 19. Includes popular soaps such as ‘Emmerdale’
and ‘Coronation Street,’ news, daytime programmes such as ‘This Morning,’ ‘Loose
Women’

Channel 4 – Found in 1982, attracting a young audience and minority groups in

society; firstly it was subsidised by ITS but this changed in 1990 when it also took up
advertising. Provides entertainment in the form of quiz shows like ‘8 out of 10 cats’
and reality show ‘Big Brother.’

Channel 5 –Created in 1996 providing sci-fi movies.

BBC3 –New programmes if successful go on to BBC1 and BBC 2, this channel

includes lots of comedy an example of this is Little Britain. This comedy fist appeared
on the radio and proved so popular that it made BBC3 and eventually BBC 1.

BBC4 –Appeals to niche audiences, providing serious arts and documentary

programmes.

Sky was produced in the 1980’s

The Television License funds BBC every year, everyone with a television pays this,
also funding BBC radio too. ITV is subsidised by advertising popular programmes

Percentage of Audience share.

Date BBC1 BBC2 1TV Channel 4 Channel 5 Others

1981 39% 12% 49% (Introduced
1982)
1991 34% 10% 42& 10% (Introduced 4%
1996)
1997 30.8% 11.6% 32.9% 10.6% 2.3% 11.8%
2004 24.7% 10% 22.8% 9.7% 6.6% 26.2%
2008 21.8% 7.8% 18.4% 7.5% 5% 38.8%
This table shows that over the years people have been offered a wider variety and
diversity of channels and programmes. Consequently this has a big impact on the
percentage of audience share the other channels have.

BBC1 and ITV percentage share have always been very high but numbers began to
decrease between 2004 and 2004 as a result of many other channels available to
the public. Mostly likely the main cause of their decreasing audience share was due
to digitalisation as in the ‘other’ channels column the audience share is rapidly
increasing between 1997 and 2008.
The huge variety of channels available to the public and personal preference is
highly dependent upon people’s social classes which can be defined by the
Classification System:

E –People completely dependent on state benefits

D –Semi-unskilled manual workers

C – 1. Skilled/clerical workers e.g. Shop/bank/office

2. Skilled manual workers

B –Professional e.g. Medical/teaching

A – Royal Family, inherited wealth, judges.

I also researched radio stations to air our thirty second radio trailer to see
which would be most appropriate to successfully reach our specific target
audience

Radio 1-Set up in the 1930’s it provides contemporary music, interviews with artists
and bands and has a popular well known host Chris Moles. It targets a young
audience from the age of 14-21, entertaining them with older music, new band,
independent record labels, live lounge and music from the charts.

Radio 2 –This is the most popular station in the UK which appeals to an older
audience than radio 1, with famous presenters in the media spotlight such as
Jonathon Ross, Chris Evans and Terry Wogan who recently left.

Radio 3 –Mainly consists of classical music such as opera and there are many
discussion programmes about arts, world music, jazz, high culture and live concerts.

Radio 4 –This station provides intelligent speech radio, news, programmes, well
known soap opera ‘The Archers’, politics, plays, short stories. Mighty Boosh and
Little Britain both began on radio 4 which led to their great success on the
mainstream television channels.

Radio 5 –This is the most recent of the BBC radio stations, consisting of sport and
news, commentary football and the audience can voice their opinion through 'phone
ins'.

National Stations are: Classic FM, Talk Sport, Virgin Absolute

Regional Radio –BRMB, BBCWM- the BBC is provided everywhere for everyone

Regional Station -BRMB

Research carried out in class about television documentaries and

audience theory:
Television Documentaries: Styles and Influences

Direct Cinema

• This style of documentary was produced in the 1960’s

• Came about as a result of widespread availability of cheap, portable, light
weight, audio visual equipment.
• Aimed at objectively: no narrator just simply ‘fly-on-the-wall’ filming of events
and people, the camera is in the background observing what it sees. It allows
the audience to make their own conclusions and have their own opinion.
• This approach is in direct contrast to the tradition of the ‘Authored
Documentary,’ which is clearly the opinion of the individual.
Rules of Direct Cinema

There are certain codes and conventions direct cinema follows such as:

-Documentaries were not to include interviews

-No rehearsal were to be carried out prior to filming, it aims to show real life,
promoting ‘realism’.

-It includes no staged events or commentary such as a voice over

-No film lights

-No dissolve edits to be used.

Examples

DA Pennebac, ‘Don’t Look Back’ (1968)

Albert abd David Myles, ‘Gimme Shelter’ (1970)

Direct camera lead to an observational (fly-on-the-wall) documentary style, which

has remained a popular genre. It has had a huge influence on contemporary
televisions such as: reality programmes e.g. ‘Big Brother’, docu-soaps and video
diaries.

Cinema Verite (Realism)

Became a popular style in European film making in the early 1960’s, using
documentary techniques such as hand-held camera to convey life in as realistic way
as possible.

It is similar to direct camera but Cinema Verite promoted film makers opinions to be
expressed – art as propaganda (brainwashing and convincing people). It also used
interviews where as direct cinema didn’t.
This style is linked to ‘Social Realist’ tradition in fiction film.

Institutional Documentaries

Uses direct camera techniques to give fly-on-the-wall insight to day to day workings
of institutions such as hospitals and airports.

It is a popular genre which is often informative, humorous and sometimes critical in

the way in which these places of work are represented and have given way to the
popular docusoap genre in recent years.

Docusoaps

This type of documentary takes ordinary common experiences and looks at them
through the eyes of the public, it shares some common characteristics of soap
operas; hence the name ‘docusoap.’ For example, fast editing, multi-strand
narratives –it has more than one storyline running consecutively and docusoaps like
soap operas are part of a series and often end on a cliffhanger – ‘next week on...’

They are very popular, for example

‘The Cruise’ averaged 11 million viewers

‘Driving School’ peaked at 12.45 million viewers

Common characteristics expected in docusoaps are:

• Emphasis on entertainment rather than instruction.

• Based around strong personalities who often ‘play up’ to the camera and talk
directly to it –often these people become celebrities themselves such as
Jeremy Spake in ‘Airport.’
• They mostly include a prominent, guiding voice over by an established actor,
as we are familiar with famous people’s voices –they are easily recognisable
and comforting.
• Focus on everyday life and problems rather than underlying social issues.
• Selective editing: some scenes are known to have been ‘set-up’.

Public Affairs Documentaries

Probably the most traditional of documentary formats, examples are ‘Panorama,’ and
‘Dispatches.’

Usually shown by public service channels e.g. BBC and Channel 4 and normally
investigate or explore current affairs/issues.

Can often be polemical –drawing attention to a perceived wrong and can have
significant impact, for example ‘World in Action,’ an investigation leading to the
release of ‘The Birmingham Six.’ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6CodVdQhEdI
Video Diaries

Again this style descended from direct cinema, it is seen by the audience as reliable
and truthful as the subject is filming themselves.

An off-shoot of this is the documentaries which use surveillance technology as

entertainment ‘infotainment,’ with audiences enjoying their voyeuristic nature e.g.
‘Police, Camera, Action,’ with ‘Cops with Cameras.’

Drama Documentaries

These are documentaries exploring a social issue or drawing attention to a

miscarriage of justice, but they are scripted and acted dramas.

For example, ‘Hillsborough,’ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WN1P6FYoJ40

‘Roots’ (1977). Filmed equivalents would be a biog-pic such as ‘Ghandi’ a dramatic

reconstruction.

Theatrical Documnetaries

These are filmed documentaries which are released in cinema.

It is a tradition of cinematic documentaries about pop stars, sport etc

Well known examples are, ‘When we were Kings’ and ‘In bed with Madonna’

It has become a new trend for provocative film documentaries to be fronted by a

charismatic narrator who appears on screen, for example, ‘Supersize Me’ with
Morgan Spurlock.

Audience Theory

– How media audiences respond to media texts

– There are a number of theories which have been developed.
Passive Models and Active Models of audience behaviour

Passive Models

– Assume the audience is passive and vulnerable to the influence of the media,
therefore they can be easily manipulated and possibly negatively influenced.
– Mass Manipulation Model and the Hypodeimic Needle Model both assume
people can be manipulated by the media.
– Lead to Nazi/Soviet propaganda.
Active Models

– Assume audience are active in interpreting media content, they will not as
likely be ‘influenced.’
 – Uses and Gratifications Model –Blumler and Katz in 1974, was one of the first
model to reject passive.
– Individuals actively use media to meet certain needs, there are four main
reasons why people use media texts:

1. Diversion – Using television as escapism, a diversion from everyday

life.
2. Personal Relationships – Television and radio acts as a
companion/substitute for friends. Also, as everyone else in watching
and tuning in causing them to become major topics of conversation, it
influences others to watch and listen to in order to join into
conversations.
3. Personal Identity – Drama that relates to aspects of our own lives,
including issues we are interested in which we can relate to.
4. Surveillance – Using media to find out information about the world such
as: the news and weather, generally finding out what’
Encoding – Decoding Theory

This theory was developed by Stuart Hall who studied media texts, it is based upon
how people read media texts; Hall devised three possible readings.

1. Preferred Reading
The creator of the media text wants the audience to take away a specific
message.

2. Negotiated Reading
Audience will accept some aspects of the message, but also reject some
elements.

3. Oppositional Reading
Audience will reject preferred reading all together.

Reception Theory
-The Active reader
Audiences read texts in different ways which is often determined by
demographic characteristics such as gender or race. This is a result of media
texts being open to lots of different interpretations, our demographic/social
background has a great influence on how we read texts.

Planning of Body Image Documentary

Interviews Statistics Purpose of Documentary
How does the Media affect young people’s perception of their body image?
Doctor/Nurse Facts and figures Informative

Students –male and female Percentages Aim to help and give advice to
young people
Media/Psychology teacher
Give them background
General Public – Vox-pops knowledge into health
issues/illnesses
Background Footage
Ideas Target Audience
Magazines/articles images shown
in fashion Teenagers

Labels of clothes Young people aged between 14-

21
Shop models –show how
obsessed we are with body Also, may appeal to parents as
image General public walking this may affect their children

Shots of beauty products e.g. Pictures of celebrities –idols for

slimming products young people

Body Image Documentary:

‘How does the media influence people’s perception of their body image?’

Interview questions for councillor:

1. Do you think the media affects young people’s perception of body image?

(i.e. magazine covers, celebrities)

2. Do you think this is a major issue within society today?

3. How do you think that the media influences the way that teenagers view their body?

4. What affect do you think this is having on young people?

5. Do you think editing and airbrushing of images in media texts should be stopped and
realistic sizes should be introduced?
6. Do you think young people would prefer to see this and would it create a more positive
perception of their body image?

7. What advice would you give to someone who is affected by issues concerning body
image?

8. Do you council a lot of students suffering from negative body image?

Body Image Documentary:

‘How does the media influence people’s perception of their body image?’

Interview questions for media teacher:

1. Do you think the media affects young people’s perception of body image?

(e.g. magazines, celebrities)

2. What are the different techniques the media uses to enhance images in media?

(e.g. photo-shop on magazine covers- airbrushing and editing)

3. Do you think this gives an idealistic image of what realistic bodies should be?

4. Who is the media targeting when producing article, magazines about body image?

5. Why is body image such a hot topic in the media?(Is it because they know this will sell
and make them a big profit?)

Log sheets during editing stages post filming:

How does the Media affect people’s perception of their body image?
Voice Over

The Media has a huge influence in the way people perceive their body image.
This has damaging affects on society.
Eating disorders are a serious mental illness affecting around 1.6 million people in the UK.

‘Predominately women are 10 x more likely to be affected’, especially between the ages of
15 to 25
Although ‘10% of sufferers are men’
Eating disorder sufferers feel like this is the only way they can ‘stay in control’ of their lives.

Causing extreme effects such as:

Extreme weight loss
Hair loss
Dry, rough skin
Loss of periods
Eventually Osteoporosis

(After Salma Vox-pop)

Is the Media really to blame?

(After Nick)
Everywhere we go we are bombarded with unrealistic images of perfection: on television,
magazines, bill-boards and even the internet

Many people see the internet as a gateway to ‘seek thinspiration’ through social networking
sites like Facebook

Councillor Sue Baxton specialises in eating disorders

(When typing size zero) People will go to extreme lengths to achieve size zero, purchasing
dangerous pills

(The truth about size zero) There are dangerous side effects of size zero

BEAT offers help for young people with eating disorders

No wonder our perception of body image is distorted

Radio Trailer Script

In order to produce our thirty second radio trailer we looked at professional trailers so that
we could get an idea of what to include in our own trailer; also we learnt the different
techniques used to engage and attract the target audience.

The codes and conventions used were:

• Extracts from the programme are used

• Authoritive, enthusiastic voice over outlining the narrative and posing questions included
in the programme
• Time, date and channel when programme will be broadcasted, normally heard at the end
of the trailer
• Upbeat music heard in the background, gives a hint of the tone, content and target
audience it appeals to.

Our radio trailer script:

Are you pressured by the Media to look good?

Do you aspire to conform to the unrealistic images which are displayed in the media?

Do you know the dramatic effects this is having on society?

(Quotes from documentary) – ‘I think the media has a negative effect on my body
image’

There is a huge pressure within today’s society to look good causing problems such
as eating disorders affecting around 1.6million people in the UK

(Quotes from documentary) – ‘if you’re not size zero…’

Tune in to Channel 4 on Wednesday the 25thFebruary to discover how the media

affects you!

Audience Feedback Questionnaire

In order to complete the evaluation we created a questionnaire for the documentary,
article and radio trailer to gain feedback about how successful our target market
thought each of these were.

How the Media affects people’s perception of their body image

Documentary

Gender:

Age:

1. Did you learn anything from our documentary? (Can you remember any facts?)
•
•
•
1. Do you think it appeals to young people as its main target audience?
Yes/No
2. Would you expect to see this documentary on Channel 4?
Yes/No
3. How would you rate the following features?

Very Professional Good Average Poor

Professional
Sound Quality
Choice of
music
Use of Camera
Interviews
Use of text

4. Are there any aspects which you think could have been improved?
•
•
•
1. Overall how would you rate our
Excellent documentary?
Very good
Good
Average
Poor

Article

1. Do you find this article eye-catching?

 Yes/No
Why?
•
•
•

1. How would you rate the following features?

Very Professional Good Average Poor
Professional
Layout
Colour
Scheme
Images
Content

2. How successfully does it

Excellent advertise the documentary?
Very good
Good
Average
Poor

3. How successfully does it inform the reader?

Excellent Very good Good Average Poor
Time/Date
Explains the
topic
Facts and
statistics
Appeals to
the reader

4. Are there any aspects which could have been improved?

•
•
•

Radio Trailer

1. How would you rate the following features?

Very Professional Good Average Poor

Professional
Sound
Quality
Voice Over
Clips of
documentary
included

2. How well do you think it follows the codes and conventions of a radio trailer?

Excellent
Very good
Good
Average
Poor

3. How successfully do you think it advertise the documentary?

Excellent
Very good
Good
Average
Poor

4. If you heard this radio trailer would it appeal to you to watch the
documentary?

Yes/No

5. Are there any aspects you think could have been improved?
•
•
•

My Evaluation

Maria Sheridan

1. In what ways does your media product use, develop or challenge forms
and conventions of real media products?
After analysing ‘Supersize Me,’ ‘Slumdog Secret Millionaire and ’The Truth about
Size Zero’ I am aware of a number of codes and conventions used throughout
documentaries, which we have incorporated in order to achieve a professional media
product.

Our voiceover is very authoritative and enthusiastic which encourages the audience
to immediately think this person has a lot of specialist knowledge about the topic. As
a result the audience is intrigued, they want to find out more and pay great attention.

In real media products the voiceover is most likely to be a well known celebrity as the
audience will easily recognise them and feel comforted by this. As well as this if
there is also a presenter this person will be very passionate about the topic in order
for the audience to take interest, they will be very charismatic and have a likeable
personality.

Such as Louise Redknapp in ‘The Truth about Size Zero,’ the audience is able to
relate to her as she is very well known, she is a suitable person as she talks about
how she has been pressured in the past to lose weight in order to look good.

Additionally in ‘Slumdog Secret Millionaire,’ we gradually get to know the Seema

personally as we are informed about her life and we go through
the experience with her when she visits India.

We followed the convention of a voiceover as it is a simple way of

introducing the topic to the audience and it also enabled us to
include a lot more information overall in the documentary. We
chose a female to do the voiceover as body image appeals
predominately to women rather than men, however the gender of
the voiceover wasn’t relevant as body image issues also affect men and they too are
part of our target audience.

Documentaries are mainly non-fiction, as many of the events presented to the

audience are seen as ‘real.’ Great lengths are taken to convince the audience that
the footage is real and unaltered in anyway, although a lot of editing takes place after
filming and the addition of a voiceover which affects the realism of the documentary
all together.

We used a variety of editing techniques using Final Cut Express such as fade in,
fade out as this made the documentary flow and connected all of the scenes. Also,
we used dissolves which were very effective during interviews as we could edit in
some background footage while the person was talking.

For example, in Nick Waring’s interview we edited in relevant

background footage such as when he was talking about
skinny models, we used a dissolve to subtly show some
images of skinny models and celebrities.
This was a very effective method as it made the documentary look very professional
as it supported what the interviewer was talking about, keeping the audience
interested; ensuring they aren’t bored by long interviews.

Moreover, we tried to create a further sense of realism in our interviews and vox-
pops by using appropriate mise-en-scene, as usually in many documentaries the
mise-en-scene will be very ordinary.

For example, vox-pops of the general public will take place on busy walk ways as if
they have just instantly started talking to the individual such as in ‘Supersize Me,’ the
presenter talks to people on busy roads outside fast food restaurants.

This also enables natural diegetic sound to be heard e.g. noise in the background of
passer’s by and cars, which all contribute to the realism of the documentary.

As a result, when filming our vox-pops of the public

we set the camera up in a busy area of Solihull
outdoor shopping centre where people were
constantly passing by.

This was effective as it contributed to the realism of

our documentary as it was an ordinary mise-en-
scene but it enabled diegetic sound such as people
going by talking and was a lively background.

Also, the mise-en-scene of formal interviews was very important as it had to reflect
the professional’s status. For instance, in ‘Supersize Me’ when having an interview
with the doctor the audience is immediately aware that this is a doctors room as
there are medical instruments around the room, posters and the doctor is dressed
very smartly and sat at a desk to illustrate his authority.

In order to demonstrate this, in our documentary when interviewing a councillor Sue

Baxton we ensured the mise-en-scene reflected her important profession, we did this
by filming in her office where she works again contributing to realism. As well as this
she is sitting in a chair with her desk behind giving the effect that the audience are
personally having a chat with her and she isn’t directly
looking at the camera in order to make the audience feel
comfortable and not intimidated.

Furthermore, documentaries include a lot of background

footage which relates to the specific topic for instance in
‘Supersize Me’ there is a wide variety such as: maps
showing locations of McDonalds all over America, shots of
images of McDonalds foods, fat people as McDonalds is very unhealthy and is a big
contributor to obesity.

As well as this documentaries are very informative,

therefore they include many statistics, facts and figures to
make the audience aware of the topic; giving them further
knowledge.

All of this information is presented in many different ways

in order to keep the audience stimulated and interested,
ensuring they are not bombarded by too much information as once.

A popular form of presenting information is through the use of text and titles to
anchor images in time and space and labels, dates are used as the audience won’t
question this evidence; it is a quick and cheap way of conveying information.

Consequently, we included text on the screen at the beginning while the voiceover
introduced the topic, the text appeared when the voiceover said the fact which was
very effective as it made the documentary look professional as all the timings were
correct.

We only displayed short snappy facts which appeared on screen one after the other,
which ensured the audience, had time to read each one. I found this very effective as
it keeps the audience stimulated as they take in the facts, they are easy to follow and
most importantly it reinforces the statistics as not only does the audience hear it from
the voiceover but they read it themselves making them remember.

Interviews are used to authenticate the views expressed in the documentary, some
of which may disagree with the message portrayed in order to avoid bias; however,
this point of view will most likely be out-weighed. For example, in ‘The Truth about
Size Zero’ the message is that size zero is extremely unhealthy and dangerous, this
viewpoint doesn’t change throughout, although when interviewing a catwalk models
manager he doesn’t see any harm in a model having to lose a bit of weight; in order
to fit into the clothes and be paid around £250,000 for a photo-shoot.

Whereas our documentary doesn’t follow this specific convention as throughout the
message presented is that the media can have very negative impacts upon young
people’s perception of body image. This is effective as it is well known in our society
today that the media is having dramatic effects upon young people’s perception of
their body image, and is a very hot topic at the moment with many documentaries for
instance ‘Supersize vs Superskinny’ on channel 4. I think this is successful as the
documentary is polemical as it expresses a strong point of view; it is a public service
documentary (like ‘Supersize Me,’) it is designed to draw attention to the media
acting immorally by portraying unrealistic images of perfection.

Although, the documentary focuses on the media’s influence upon young people’s
perception there are many other causes which is recognised by Nick Warring who
acknowledges that there are other causes which is effective as it does follow the
convention of disagreeing with the message portrayed in order to avoid bias.

Non-diegetic sound such a music played in the background is most likely to be heard
in every documentary as it can be used to add tension , set an atmosphere, the lyrics
may relate to the topic and it can simply keep the audience entertained. In
‘Supersize Me’ childish music is used when the children are singing a well known
playground rhyme, ’McDonalds, McDonalds Kentucky fried chicken and Pizza Hut’
which is used to undermine McDonalds.

Subsequently, we used upbeat, fashionable music which can be heard throughout

the documentary. The type of music was important as this too needs to appeal to the
same target audience; therefore we used an upbeat tune which is what they would
be used to hearing on radio 1. Also, as the topic of the documentary can be quite
hard hitting with shocking images included the music keeps the audience interested
as it quite lively.

Overall, I think we followed all the codes and conventions of documentaries very well
making it look quite professional. A very effective part was the beginning which
challenged real media products as most documentaries begin with an overview of
the whole documentary showing clips of what will be happening later on or just go
straight into the topic. Whereas, I think our beginning of all the voices saying ‘I
want…’ was very unique as the audience wouldn’t expect to just hear this whilst
watching a black screen.

Radio

Many radio trailers included questions which we also used as this instantly engages
with the audience and they have a connection with the voiceover. We used three
personal direct questions:

Are you pressured by the Media to look good?

This first question is very effective as it doesn’t isolate any demographic group but
attracts the people who are interested by this topic.

Do you aspire to conform to the unrealistic images which are displayed in the
media?
This question is quite personal which makes the audience think about the topic in
detail; they will think about whether this applies to them and will want to know why
the media has such a big impact upon their own perceptions of body image.

Do you know the dramatic effects this is having on society?

This question makes the audience feel as though they are not fully aware about the
topic; consequently they will watch the documentary to find out more.

Overall, all three questions get the audience to think about the topic, they will be
answering each question in their head and think about them further. Furthermore,
the questions start with a yes/no answer, then a personal question and finally asking
them are they aware about the dramatic effects this is having on society. Therefore,
the radio trailer is very successful in advertising the documentary as it makes the
audience think the documentary will be very important to watch to be informed of the
dramatic effects are, as it effects them.

Additionally, a further convention of radio trailers are short clips included from the
documentary in order to add extra information. For that reason we included three
short clips of vox pops which are very effective as they let the audience know what to
expect from the documentary.

Also I think the radio trailer was very successful in that it enabled a number of
different voices to be heard as opposed to just the main voiceover which could have
been very boring to listen to, the vox-pops include both males and females which is
important as they are both in our target audience and the people talk about popular
issues in today’s society such as size zero ‘They seem to cater for everyone these
days, but if you’re not size zero it doesn’t go; which is quite sad really.’

As well as this the trailer successfully informs the audience of the time and date the
documentary will be on television which is very important information, ‘Tune in to
Channel 4 on Wednesday the 25thFebruary to discover how the media affects
you!’ I think this is very effective as again the trailer is engaging with the audience
as it says ‘you’ which is spoken louder than the rest of the text in order to grab their
attention.

Overall, I feel we used many codes and conventions which are used in many
professional radio trailers such as an enthusiastic voiceover, questions to engage
with the audience, clips from the documentary and relevant information such as the
date to inform the audience. I don’t feel as though we challenged any forms and
conventions of real media products in the radio trailer but I don’t feel as though this is
a weakness as I think the radio trailer still successfully advertises the documentary
very effectively.

Article

Like many articles we used a very eye-

catching masthead ‘Media Madness!’ which
catches the reader’s attention as it is in large white text which is very effective as it
stands out from the black background; as they are contrasting colours. As well as
this I think that the title is very effective as we used alliteration to make it short and
snappy, ensuring that the reader remembers it.

Also, a major convention of many articles is the use of a consistent colour scheme
which consists of three colours at the most; I think the black and white complement
one another and give the article a very sophisticated and professional appearance.

In addition the content is very important, again we followed the same codes and
conventions of articles in that the main purposes are to inform the reader about the
topic, tell them how the documentary explores the issues, shocking statistics and
inform them of the time and date it will be appearing on television; all of which
contribute to the promotion of the documentary.

In order to not only make the article look attractive but to appeal to readers we
followed the simple convention of breaking up the text into columns, as if it were just
one big page of text the reader may be put off; especially young people. Also, the
language of the content isn’t very challenging, therefore it appeals to young people
as they don’t want to be confused by difficult words they don’t understand. I think the
content is very effective as it is straight to the point and is an appealing amount of
text.

Furthermore, to ensure the article did attract our target audience we included a
variety of images which related to the topic to support the text. This made the article
look a lot more colourful and appealing to the reader; again it breaks up the text and
keeps the reader stimulated as there are many things that jump off the page at them.

Overall, I think that we followed the codes and conventions of articles successfully as
we ensured that it engaged with the reader by using rhetorical questions which
makes them think about the topic and become more interested in it, resulting in them
watching the documentary to find out more.

I think it could be improved by including some quotes from the documentary in order
for the reader to be aware of the content involved in the documentary. Also, more
shocking images could be used so they grab the reader’s attention when they are
looking through a magazine, although this may be a little off-putting.

2. How effective is the combination of your main product and ancillary texts?

Overall the whole combination of the documentary, article and radio successfully
relate to each other in many ways:

The language of all three products isn’t challenging at all which ensures that it
appeals to a young target audience. Both ancillary texts engage very well with their
reader and audience as they include rhetorical questions which connect with the
reader and make them think about the topic and how it may affect them. The
documentary includes a rhetorical question: ‘But is the media really to blame?’’

All three products encourage the audience to think themselves about the topic of
body image, do they feel pressurised to look good, are they fully aware of the
negative effects and who is to blame? This contributes to brand identity as we
wanted to communicate with the audience and we wanted to the audience to take
away an important message with them – not to aspire to unrealistic images of
perfection portrayed in the media.

Also, both the article and radio trailer successfully advertise the documentary as they
explain the topic and successfully inform the audience of when to tune in.

The radio trailer and documentary effectively relate to each other as same voiceover
is used, therefore when the audience watched the documentary they will instantly
recognise the voiceover and feel comfortable with it as they will already be familiar
with this person. Furthermore, to ensure they both appeal to the same target
audience the background music in the documentary is upbeat and fashionable. This
will attract our specific target audience as they will enjoy listening to the music radio
1 plays.

I feel we successfully created a brand identity as the articles alliterative catchy title
‘Media Madness’ is very effective as it builds the brand personality, also the article
has visual brand identity such as the eye-catching colour scheme and the layout of
the text and images. This is very important for many real media articles as the
recognition and perception of a brand is highly influenced by its visual presentation.
Effective visual brand identity is achieved by the consistent use of particular visual
elements to create distinction, such as specific fonts, colours, and graphic elements.

In conclusion I think that the radio trailer and article successfully promote the
documentary as they provide the date when the documentary will be on, they
personally engage with the audience through the use of rhetorical questions, they
both inform the audience about the topic and the word ‘media’ occurs throughout
both ancillary texts as the documentary is focused on how this particular aspect
affects people’s perception of body image.

However, the article could be improved by including some quotes from the
documentary which would make it more effective as the reader would be aware of
other people’s perceptions and have a further idea of what to expect in the
documentary. The sound quality of the radio trailer could be improved as it doesn’t
sound as professional as real radio trailers which also include music in the
background which would make it more appealing.

3. What have you learnt from your audience feedback?

We chose the method of a questionnaire to collect our audience feedback as it
enabled us to collect a lot of date from each person. We asked twenty people
overall, which included an equal number of men and women between the ages of
16-24, in order to collect a fair amount of feedback from both genders. Also, it was
important that we collected the data from our target audience as we needed to know
whether they thought it successfully appealed to them.

Documentary Feedback
The first question of the documentary questionnaire was very important as it asked
'Did you learn anything from our documentary,' 70% of the audience remembered at
least three facts from the documentary which proved that it fulfilled a main purpose
of informing the audience.
Further strengths of the feedback was that 100% of the audience felt that the
documentary appealed to young people as its main target audience and that they
would expect to see in on Channel 4.

We asked the audience to rate a number of features of the documentary, the

majority rated all them from very professional to good, reflecting that they found the
documentary of a very high quality. The results revealed that the audience found the
use of camera and interviews as the most successful features and the text and
sound quality were the least effective elements.
Overall, we attained very positive feedback for the documentary which is presented
in the pie chart above, it shows that the large majority of people rated the
documentary as excellent. Although, some aspects people thought could have been
improved were that they didn't find the use of text very effective, many people rated
this feature as average, however, it was proven successful in that the facts people
remembered were mostly these ones. Therefore, despite the fact that they didn't look
very professional they fulfilled their purpose of informing the audience and made
them remember.

Radio Feedback
The radio trailer was very successful as the majority of people felt that it excellently
advertised the documentary shown in the pie chart below and no one rated it below
good which reflects that overall the radio trailer fulfilled it's purpose of promoting the
documentary. Also, 85% said if they heard this advertisement they would watch the
documentary.
Furthermore, the majority rated the sound quality as being professional which is very
important as this needs to be loud and clear in order to the audience to hear all of
the information and to promote the documentary successfully. Also, they found the
clips used where professional as they added more information to the trailer and gave
an insight into what they could expect from the documentary. As well as this, most
people found the voice over good as it was the same as the voice over in the
documentary which they felt effectively linked the two products together.
We asked the audience how successfully they thought the radio trailer followed the
codes and conventions of real radio trailers which revealed that a high percentage of
people thought it excellently achieved these high standards.

Article Feedback
Overall, 87% of the audience found the article eye-catching, which is reflected in the
results below as the majority of people found all of these features very professional.
They felt it appealed to them as the colour scheme was eye-catching as a result of
the use of the contrasting colours black and white, the content was interesting and to
the point, they liked the images as they were relevant and added more colour;
overall the layout was what they are familiar with when reading real articles.

In addition, the success of the article is shown is the graph below as the majority of
people rated the article between very professional and good as it provided the time
and date, explained the topic very well, appealed to the reader with the use of
rhetorical questions and eye-catching layout; however a weakness was that it lacked
enough facts and statistics.

Overall, the article proved to be a success and the majority of people rated it as excellent,
therefore it would have successfully promoted the documentary as people found it eye-
catching which made them want to read the article, they found the content very informative
and the layout and images were both appealing. They found the images particularly
interesting as there was a variety of women displayed such as a very glamorous woman with
bold make-up, a thin tall model and in contrast to these images a large sized woman. I
expected this positive feedback as I think the images support the title ‘Media Madness,’ as
the reader could insinuate anything from this masthead, however the images strengthen the
title and confirm what the topic is actually about.

4. How did you use media technologies in the construction and research,
planning and evaluation stages?

Throughout producing the documentary, article and radio trailer I have used a variety
of technologies which have developed my skills thoroughly.

In the planning stages I developed my skills of using the internet through search
engines such as Google to research the topic of
body image which was extremely useful as it enabled me to find accurate statistics
and understand the topic in greater detail. Also, I found out about the website ‘BEAT’
which helps young people suffering with eating disorders which is very successful,
therefore, is featured in the documentary. I found the internet very useful during the
evaluation stages as I found a lot of images using Google to support each process of
producing all three media products.

Additionally, I explored the codes and convention of documentaires when I carried

out my section of the plaaning which was to analyse real media documentaries. I
analysed ‘Supersize Me,’ ‘The Truth about Size Zero,’ and ‘Slumdog Secret
Millionaire’as they all had some relevance to our topic, target audience or channel.
This increased my knowledge of the format of a documentary and was very useful as
it gave me a lot of ideas to incorporate into our documentary.

Throughout the
whole process
of producing
the
documentary and two ancillary texts we used blogger to
upload our work. I found this quite difficult and awkward, for
instance uploading images took a lot of time; I think it would
have been more efficient to use Microsoft Word. Although, it was
useful as I was able to present YouTube videos to support my
work.

I have learnt how to use a manual camera with tripod and developed my
knowledge of camera shots such as the most appropriate shot for certain parts
of the documentary. For example: mid close-ups during interviews so the
audience feels as though this person is talking to them personally and we can
see their facial expressions. Also, during filming I developed my skills of
interviewing people of the public and constructing effective questions in order to
obtain successful information.

Next, I used Final Cut Express which at first I found quite difficult,
however, with practise I learnt how to cut a long time of filming
down to shorter clips enabling us to include only what was
needed.

As well as this, I learnt how to add effects such as fade in- fade
out which made the documentary look more professional, making it flow and bridged
all the scenes together effectively. As a result of using this programme I learnt how
important the sound of a piece of filming is as we had to ensure the sound mix was
balanced, therefore we frequently used ‘render’ to achieve the best sound quality
possible.

In addition, I learnt that music is an effective feature used in documentaries;

therefore, we used an upbeat track which is quite lively to keep the audience
entertained. It was simple to open the piece of music in Final Cut Express; we could
also alter the volume throughout the documentary lowering it during interviews and
slightly louder when showing background footage.

Following this, In Design enabled us to create a very

professional article which was extremely important as it
promotes the documentary. We were able to produce an eye-
catching product which had the appearance of real media
articles such as the text in columns, a bold masthead and
images; which was all presented in a
professional layout. I learnt the
importance of creating an article which is
attention-grabbing to attract the reader.

Additionally, I learnt how to use Garageband software programme which enabled us

to create the radio trailer, it was very straightforward to use as we edited the
recorded voiceover in Final Cut Express and then easily exported each part into
Garageband.

Through the process of producing the radio trailer I learnt how essential it is
to engage with audience, we achieved this by using questions at the
beginning to get the audience involved and interested. Moreover, I was the
voiceover for the documentary and radio trailer, I discovered how crucial is it
for the documentary to include a voiceover or presenter as this person engages with
the audience, it had to be spoken clearly and enthusiastically.

As well as this, I learnt that radio trailers are a very successful way of promoting a
programme as it makes people aware of the documentary, as we decided radio 1
would be the most suitable station for our radio trailer as it appeals to the same
target audience.

In conclusion, I developed my own knowledge as I discovered how time consuming

producing a whole television programme is as it took a number of months to produce
just five minutes of a documentary.

Also, I furthered my knowledge greatly on the codes and conventions used in

documentaries, radio trailers and article in order to make them successful and
engage with the audience.

Furthermore, I gain the understanding of how vital the promotion of the documentary
was through producing the article and radio trailer, as it makes people aware of
when the documentary is on, attracting the audience and gets them interested in the
topic beforehand.