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Abstracts / Quaternary International 279-280 (2012) 9120

drivers and responses. A long sediment core from Lake Upper Kachope at
w3960 m elevation, which spans roughly the last 9000 years, permitted
a reconstruction of temperature history using fossil remains of chironomids (Insecta, Diptera), and to link these data to changes in sediment
composition reecting lake hydrology. Using a calibration dataset
involving 28 Rwenzori lakes and ponds and weighted-averaging transfer
functions, the obtained quantitative reconstruction shows a clear longterm trend in Holocene temperature variation, but with a modest amplitude of w1-2 C. From the early/middle Holocene to later Holocene
a marked shift occurs from species with lower- to species with higher
temperature optimum. In the upper section of the record, representing the
last few millennia, a shift back to chironomid species with colder optima
occurs. Samples at the very top of the core, previously used to reconstruct
temperature change between the Little Ice Age and the present show the
expected warming trend.

Auckland Volcanic Field maar lakes have a reliable chronostratigraphy

back up 50 ka. Pupuke maar lake was formed w250 ka and seismic
reection surveys indicate that it may contain a complete record of lake
sedimentation from that time. A sediment record spanning w50 ka was
obtained using a barge-mounted UWITEC coring system but we do not
have the capability to obtain longer records. Pilot investigations of
selected McKenzie Basin lakes via high-resolution seismic reection
surveys indicate that the lakes contain up to 400 m of layered sediments
deposited since w19 ka and will contain a high resolution record of past
environmental changes and glacier uctuations. Preliminary Mackereth
coring has produced up to 6 m long laminated sediment records spanning
w1 ka. We outline the potential of these records to provide insight into
regional scale Southern Hemisphere climate variability and forcing
factors at annual to sub-decadal resolution, as well as proposals for ongoing investigations.

CLIMATE CHANGE IN THE BALKAN REGION DURING THE LATE GLACIAL

AND THE HOLOCENE RECORDED IN THE LAKE PRESPA SEDIMENT
SEQUENCE

THE LAST GLACIAL CYCLE VIEWED FROM ONEPOTO AND PUKAKI MAAR
LAKES, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND
Paul Augustinus. The University of Auckland, New Zealand

Anne Aufgebauer. Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of,

Germany

E-mail address: p.augustinus@auckland.ac.nz

E-mail address: anne.aufgebauer@uni-koeln.de

High-resolution Late Quaternary paleoclimate archives are preserved in

the lake sediment records in several maars from the Auckland Volcanic
Field, northern New Zealand. Tephrochronology, AMS 14C and Ar/Ar-based
chronostratigraphies were developed for several paleolakes that contain
laminated sediment records spanning much of the last glacial cycle. A
multi-proxy approach was taken to constructing reliable records of local
and regional paleoenvironments including: pollen, cladocera and diatom
paleoecology, environmental magnetism, grain size, XRF geochemistry,
TOC, TN, TS, organic matter d13C (bulk and compound specic) and d15N.
Pollen and diatom analysis of sediment records spanning the last w50 ka
show marked vegetation changes that reect orbital forcing, although
diatoms suggest signicant hydrological changes that are not reected in
the pollen. Reduction of forest with expansion of grass/shrubland at the
start of the Last Glacial Coldest Period (LGCP) w28.5 ka BP is accompanied
by cool, dry and windy conditions, although the situation is complex with
an interstadial identied between w25 and 23 ka. Post-glacial warming
commenced w18 ka and is reected in several proxies, although the
pollen record does not display the marked changes displayed in many of
the other proxies during the Last Glacial-Interglacial transition and
Holocene. Furthermore, application of a pollen-based MAT model indicates the timing and magnitude of short duration warming events of up to
4 C that appear to be in phase with Antarctic Isotope Maxima/Antarctic
Interstadials from the EPICA Drnning Maud Land and Byrd ice cores
respectively between w48 and 15 ka suggesting the existence of teleconnections between northern New Zealand and Antarctica. The warming
events are probably too rapid to be explained by atmospheric greenhouse
gas forcing and likely indicate rapid changes in the distribution of heat at
the ocean surface as similar events are recorded in SW Pacic sediment
cores.

The Late Glacial and the Holocene represent a signicant time interval
for paleoclimate reconstructions in the Balkan region due to substantial
changes in the vegetation and the environment on a local and regional
scale. Our multiproxy approach contributes to the better understanding
of short- and long-term climate uctuations in this area. Climate and
environment were certainly among the principal factors driving human
population mobility. These are the two main foci of the Collaborative
Research Center (CRC) 806: Our Way to Europe - Culture-Environment
Interaction and Human Mobility in the Late Quaternary, in which our
project is integrated. For the reconstruction of the Late Glacial and the
Holocene environmental changes, a 320 cm part out of 1575 cm sediment sequence from Lake Prespa is investigated using Magnetic
Susceptibility, XRF, CNS, TC, TOC, as well as ostracod and pollen analysis.
Lake Prespa is one of the largest and oldest (>3 Ma) lakes of the Balkan
peninsula, located in the tri-border region of AL, FYROM and GR. The
location of the lake at 853 m a.s.l. allows us to test the temperate tree
refugia hypothesis in an area that has been poorly investigated yet. The
sediment record reveals a climate warming during the Blling-Allerd
interstadial with a stepwise deglaciation. The Oldest and the Younger
Dryas stadials are well documented by distinct pollen variations. The
Holocene is marked by an initial increase in temperatures and is interrupted by the 8.2 ka cal BP abrupt cooling event. Finally, the rst traces of
intensive anthropogenic inuence documented in the record are dated to
2.3 ka cal BP.
The chronology of the sediment sequence is based on radiocarbon dating
and tephrochronology. Identied tephra layers are used as independent
time-markers in the age-depth model and allow the accurate correlation of
the Prespa sequence to other eastern Mediterranean sites.
A TALE OF TWO ISLANDS: THE LAKE-NZ PROJECT

THE SOLUTREAN-MAGDALENIAN TRANSITION: A VIEW FROM THE

WEST

Paul Augustinus. The University of Auckland, New Zealand

J. Emili Aura. Universitat de Valncia, Spain

E-mail address: p.augustinus@auckland.ac.nz

E-mail address: Emilio.aura@uv.es

New Zealand is in a key location for the understanding of global climate

variability during the Quaternary as it lies in the Southern Hemisphere
westerly circulation zone which acts as a conductor of climate signals
between the tropics and Antarctica. The LAKE-NZ Project proposes coring
and paleoenvironmental analysis of laminated lake sediment records
including: (1) maar lakes from the Auckland Volcanic Field (North Island),
and (2) glacial lakes in the McKenzie Basin (South Island New Zealand).
The two regions are climatically distinct and inuenced by different
oceanographic systems. Northern New Zealand is dominated by
a subtropical anticyclonic system and warm waters associated with the
Tasman Front, whilst the central South Island is dominated by persistent
zonal westerlies and cool waters of the Subtropical Front and cold
Subantarctic Surface Water. Laminated sediment cores from 6 of the

The Iberian Peninsula was the south-western homeland of Europe's

Magdalenian. However, Iberia is a diverse region with great environmental
differences between the Cantabrian-Pyrenees, the Atlantic faade, the
Iberian Meseta and the Mediterranean watershed. This paper on the
Solutrean-Magdalenian Transition gives special attention to data obtained
during the current review of lithic assemblages from Cova del Parpall
(Valencia, Spain) and from Cueva Llonn (Asturias, Spain). BadegulianArchaic Magdalenian sites are scarce in Iberia, especially in the Mediterranean region, and the assemblages dated between 18,000 and 16,500 BP
have been treated previously as a continuance of the Upper Solutrean (i.e.,
Solutreogravetiense). Trends in stone tool technology and radiocarbon
data are examined in an attempt to correlate the Mediterranean and
Cantabrian areas of Iberia.