PRACTICAL ENGLISH BOOK 1

EDWIN SOO KIM SENG

ANSWER KEY
These are suggested answers only. Some of these exercises may have other
alternative answers. Accept any logical and relevant answers.
Chapter 1 Grammar
Parts of Speech
Exercise 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

freedom
information/informant/informer
kindness
belief/believer
difference

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

employee/employer/employment
proposal/proposer/proposition
advice/advisor
explosion
leadership/leader

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

betrayal
disappointment
wisdom
intelligence
poverty

Exercise 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

investigation
suggestion
explanation
differences
application

Exercise 3

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
yourselves
her
This
which
me

Correction
yourself
hers
These
whom
I

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
some
who
they
yours
whom

Correction
any
whose
them
your
who

Exercise 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

healthy
selective
historical
attractive
powerful/powerless

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

famous
comfortable/uncomfortable
friendly
youthful
understandable/understanding

Exercise 5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

sleepy
lucky
edible
humourous
agreeable

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

alcoholic
influential
filthy
enthusiastic
advisable

Exercise 6
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

an interesting short
an exciting new
an oblong brown marble
a long pink cotton
an impatient old Korean
a dangerous long narrow
a beautiful large white Victorian
a good looking tall young dark
an attractive slender fair Italian
an elegant small black German sports

Exercise 7
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

naughtier than
the longest
more adventurous than
the most diligent
better than

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

expensive
the richest
more annoying than
modern
cutest

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

respond
compute/computerise
rationalise
solidify
attach

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

publicise
officiate
bathe
compile
unite

Exercise 8
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

beautify
widen
demonstrate
anger
memorise

Exercise 9
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

apologise
pronounce
educate
strengthen
succeed

Exercise 10
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

slowly
confidently
successfully
easily
courageously

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

repeatedly
hungrily
terribly
diligently
usually

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

obediently
effortlessly
voluntarily
optimistically
suspiciously

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

in/with
over
on
before
around/round

Correction
at
between
across
by
in

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
by
on
in
out
in

Correction
on
against
into
off
on

Correction
but/yet
nor
and
or
so

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
although
nor
if
Neither
after

Correction
because
or
unless
Either
before

Exercise 11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

safely
mysteriously
promptly
patiently/impatiently
accidentally

Exercise 12
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

on/by/before/after
in/inside
with
through
at

Exercise 13

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
on
beside
over
with
at

Exercise 14

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
so
and
or
nor
but

Exercise 15
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Ouch!
Wow!
Mmm!
Eh!
What

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

How
Oh dear!
Yuck!
Hey!
Oh!

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

inspiration
sweeten
hazardous
rudely
acceptance

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

breakable
simplify
intentionally
endurance
glamourous

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

anxiously
co-operative
investment
flattened
assistance

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

homesickness
hypnotised
tactfully
stimulating
broadened

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

futuristic
disappointment
differentiate
apologetically
terrorise

Exercise 16
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

advertisement
slippery
categorise
neatly
acidic

Exercise 17
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

extension
gracefully
harmonise
abusive
discovery

Exercise 18
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

instructions
soundly
adorable
dramatise
curiosity

Exercise 19
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

enthusiastically
persistence
materialistic
hurriedly
falsify

Exercise 20
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

lightly
expectations
pricey/priceless
sympathise
sincerely
4

Subject-Verb Agreement
Exercise 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

has
am
is
does
was

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Do
has
is
is
enjoys

Exercise 2

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
are
have
are
are
matches

Correction
is
has
is
is
match

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
were
have
has
prefer
are

Correction
was
has
have
prefers
is

Articles
Exercise 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

a
an
the
a, The
an

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

the, the
-, -, the
an, a, the

Exercise 2

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
the
an
a
the
a

Correction
an
a
the
a
the

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
the
the
a
an
a

Correction
an
a
the
a
an

Tenses
Exercise 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

rains
is wash
plays, is playing
is chairing
are taking, are beautifying

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

is, works
leaves, is leaving
enjoys, is reading
are arguing, argue
is not doing, is watching

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

has never climbed

have called, called
has grown, saw
did not visit
have not collected

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

were sleeping, broke out

were not paying, was briefing
were complaining, fainted
was jogging, stumbled
was watering, occurred

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

moved, had already sold

finished, had not served
had taken, flew
had interviewed, fainted
had written, retired

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

will be celebrating
will return/am going to return
will have completed
will be attending
will have missed

Exercise 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

has just completed

sent
have cleaned, cleaned
has been, went
have watched, watched

Exercise 3
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

called, was watching

was cleaning, was tidying
were playing, rained
went off, were typing
was walking, snatched

Exercise 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

had completed, resigned

had locked, left
arrived, had escaped
had not swept, came
arrived, had started

Exercise 5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

will come/are going to come

will be sitting
will have ended
will not sign/are not going to sign
will have received

Active-Passive Voice
Exercise 1
1.

Edwin broke the windows.

(subject) (verb) (object)

2. The actor punched the director.

(subject) (verb) (object)
3. The security guard had locked all the rooms.
(subject)
(verb)
(object)
4. Bradley served the clients some coffee.
(subject) (verb) (indirect object) (direct object)
5. The minister presented the winner
a trophy.
(subject)
(verb) (indirect object) (direct object)
Exercise 2
1. The windows were broken
by Edwin.
(subject)
(verb) (prepositional phrase)
2. The director was punched
by the actor.
(subject)
(verb) (prepositional phrase)
3. All the rooms had been locked by the security guard.
(subject)
(verb)
(prepositional phrase)
4. The clients were served some coffee
by Bradley.
(subject)
(verb)
(direct object) (prepositional phrase)
5. A trophy was presented to the winner
by the minister.
(subject)
(verb)
(indirect object) (prepositional phrase)
Exercise 3

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Simple Past Tense

brought
chose
drew
forgot
went
hid
overcame

Past Participle
brought
chosen
drawn
forgotten
gone
hidden
overcome
7

8.
9.
10.

rang
saw
threw

rung
seen
thrown

Exercise 4
1. The notices are sent out by the clerks every day.
2. The plants are not watered by Linda every morning.
3. Is a recycling campaign conducted by the department every year?
Exercise 5
1. The documents were torn by Colin yesterday.
2. The projector was not borrowed by Samson.
3. Were the sales orders placed by the customers?
Exercise 6
1. A cake is being baked by mother in the kitchen.
2. The benches are not being painted by the students.
3. Is the new product being promoted by the company this month?
Exercise 7
1. An experiment was being carried out by them in the laboratory.
2. The new budget was not being reported by the manager.
3. Was the project being discussed by the members?
Exercise 8
1. All the old computers will be replaced by the company next month.
2. The flyers are not going to be distributed by the boys tomorrow.
3. Is a cooking demonstration going to be provided by the chef?
Exercise 9
1. The access card has been lost by the reporter.
2. The excess money has not been returned by the cashier.
3. Has the burglary been investigated by the police?
Exercise 10
1. The live telecast of the Olympics had been recorded by Adam.
2. The receipts had not been checked by Melvin.
3. Had the delivery charges been included by the salesperson?

Exercise 11
1. The documents will have been compiled by Andrew by next month.
2. The weeds will not have been cleared by the gardener by noon.
3. Will the financial report have been audited by the accountant before the next
meeting?
Exercise 12
1. Two representatives have to be assigned by Fred to greet the guests.
2. The details of the conference did not have to be finalised by Natalie.
3. Do the invitations have to be responded by the guests?
Exercise 13
1. The sinks should be repaired by the plumber soon.
2. The Internet cannot be surfed by the employees during lunch hours.
3. Could the nuts in the tyres be tightened by the mechanic?
Exercise 14
1. The prices might have been increased by the businessman during the festive
seasons.
2. The price tags should not have been labelled wrongly by the shop assistants.
3. Could the car have been parked by the driver somewhere else?
Exercise 15
1. The experiments are monitored by the laboratory assistants daily.
2. The packages were delivered by the office boy to the clients.
3. A portrait is not being painted by the artist.
4. A blood donation campaign has been launched by them.
5. Was the sales performance being evaluated by the manager?
6. The employees had been forced by the supervisor to work late.
7. Will the delinquents be counselled by the advisor?
8. The errors could have been detected by Angela earlier.
9. The chairs and tables have to be arranged by the workers in the hall.
10. A new computer programme is not going to be installed by the company.
Exercise 16
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

The chief editor edits the magazine articles.

The participants asked the trainer to provide the solutions.
Is the mechanic estimating the cost of repairing the car?
The talent agency has identified two potential models.
A well known developer was building the condominium.
9

6. The teacher had already suggested the answers.

7. The inventor should not have modified the prototype.
8. Did the Human Resource Manager have to recommend the potential
candidates?
9. The operator cannot connect phone calls to all departments.
10. All of us are going to organise a surprise birthday party.

Error Identifications
Exercise 1

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
its
lecture
borrowed
boring
off

Correction
its
lecturer
lent
bored
out

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
apologises
These
went
an
chose

Correction
apologise
This
go
a
chose

Correction
I
much/any
advised
lower
on

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
is
That
visits
Beside
a

Correction
are
Those
visit
Besides
the

Correction
her
difference
bring
much
Beside

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
are
These
works
a
became

Correction
is
This
work
the
become

Correction
themselves
equipment
thank
than
between

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
are
This
helping
a
drank

Correction
is
These
help
the
drunk

Exercise 2

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
me
many
adviced
cheaper
in

Exercise 3

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
his
different
take
more
Besides

Exercise 4

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
themself
equipments
thanks
then
among

10

Exercise 5

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
who
childrens
effect
easier
by

Correction
whom
childrens
affect
easy
on

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Error
are
pillow
meet
an
watch

Chapter 2 Cloze Passages

Exercise 1
1. a
2. since
3. not
4. my
5, and

6. who
7. was
8. mother
9. in
10. care

Exercise 2
1. of
2. is
3. be
4. and
5, such

6. to
7. will
8. are
9. restaurants
10. the

Exercise 3
1. to
2. the
3. his
4. was
5, say

6. would
7. with
8. when
9. love
10. is

Exercise 4
1. been
2. a
3. by
4. save
5, it

6. time
7. to
8. and
9. can
10. reading

11

Correction
is
pillows
meeting
a
watched

Exercise 5
1. a
2. to
3. was
4. his/the
5, hacking

6. like
7. but
8. have
9. who
10. any

Exercise 6
1. be
2. to
3. their
4. who
5, about

6. a
7. able
8. students
9. can
10. known

Exercise 7
1. a
2. to
3. compared
4. was
5. of

6. and
7. too
8. their
9. than
10. men

Exercise 8
1. to
2. have
3. than
4. is
5, our/the

6. for
7. must
8. if/whether
9. and
10. the

Chapter 3 Dictionary Skills

Exercise 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

receive
portray
demonstrating
nowadays
knowledgeable
occasional
committee

8. definition
9. calendar
10. refrigerator
11. explanation
12. forty
13. pronunciation
14. writing

12

Exercise 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

catalogue
program
traveling
jewellery
enquiry
diarrhea

()
($)
($)
()
()
($)

7. manoeuvre
8. honor
9. fibre
10. judgment
11. hypnotize
12. tire

()
($)
()
($)
($)
($)

() BrE ($) AmE

Exercise 3

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.

Simple Present
awake
forbid
hide
rise
strive
spell
lay
ride
shake
shrink
bear
forget

Simple Past
awoke
forbade
hid
rose
strove
spelt
laid
rode
shook
shrank
bore
forgot

Past Participle
awoken
forbidden
hidden
risen
striven
spelt
laid
ridden
shaken
shrunk
borne
forgotten

Exercise 4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

film
tap
aerial
lift
biscuit

($)
()
()
()
()

movie
faucet
antenna
elevator
cookie

()
($)
($)
($)
($)

6. soccer
7. eggplant
8. autumn
9. bonnet
10. gas

($)
($)
()
()
($)

Exercise 5
1. /lba/

7. /kmfl/

2. /htel/

8. /swv/

3. /deng/

9. /lets/

4. /kmpjut/

10./ftgrf/

5. /kw/

11./dtmn/

6. /dvs/

12./kmptn/

13

football
aubergine
fall
hood
petrol

()
()
($)
($)
()

Exercise 6
1. /vken/

7. /nvat/

2. /rspnd/

8. /mstek/

3. /dvelpmnt/

9. /davld/

4. /dels/

10./dzt/

5. /stsfkn/

11./nteldnt/

6. /ftgrf/

12./supsts/

Exercise 7
Students own responses
Exercise 8
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

N
Adv
V
Adj
Prep

6. Conj
7. Phrasal verb
8. Exclam
9. Det
10. Det

Exercise 9
No.
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Noun
criticism
attraction
width
sympathy
foolishness
thoughtfulness
consideration
deception
creation
length
affection
dramatisation

Adjective
critical
attractive
wide
sympathetic
foolish
thoughtful
considerate
deceitful
creative
long
affectionate
dramatic

Verb
criticise
attract
widen
sympathise
fool
think
consider
deceive
create
lengthen
affect
dramatise

Exercise 10
1. a) Meaning: represent a particular meaning
b) Meaning: cruel
2. a) Meaning: details of a place where one lives
b) Meaning: speak to someone directly
3. a) Meaning: pull something apart
b) Meaning: a drop of salty liquid which flows from the eye
14

Adverb
critically
attractively
widely
sympathetically
foolishly
thoughtfully
considerably
deceptively
creatively
lengthily
affectionately
dramatically

4. a) Meaning: move suddenly

b) Meaning: season before winter and summer
5. a) Meaning: arrive after the usual time
b) Meaning: dead
6. a) Meaning: almost
b) Meaning: fair
7. a) Meaning: a distance between two points which is more than average
b) Meaning: want
8. a) Meaning: people who are of the same age or have the same job
b) Meaning: look very carefully at something
9. a) Meaning: a small river
b) Meaning: flow quickly
10. a) Meaning: form a word by writing
b) Meaning: a piece of magic that someone does
Exercise 11
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

damaged/spoilt or cry
surrender
rely
support
knock over

6. explode
7. suddenly make a sound
8. cancel
9. retreat
10. interrupt

Exercise 12
1. Synonym: large, huge
2. Synonym: pretty
3. Synonym: plentiful
4. Synonym: disallow
5. Synonym: advantageous
6. Synonym: positive
7. Synonym: compliment
8. Synonym: hazardous
9. Synonym: ancient
10. Synonym: victory

Antonym: small, tiny

Antonym: ugly, hideous
Antonym: scarce
Antonym: allow, permit
Antonym: disadvantageous
Antonym: pessimistic, negative
Antonym: criticise, condemn
Antonym: safe
Antonym: new, modern
Antonym: failure

Exercise 13
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Meaning: competitive world

Meaning: to help
Meaning: at the last moment
Meaning: to forgive and forget
Meaning: to change ones life for the better
Meaning: someone who provides comfort
Meaning: to ignore or refuse to listen
Meaning: to reveal a secret
15

9. Meaning: very near

10. Meaning: to have the wrong idea about how to get something

Chapter 4 Listening
Exercise 1
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

attitude
sacrifice
success
motivate
optimistic

6. challenge
7. believe
8. opportunities
9. smile
10. optimist

Exercise 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

clothing
designs
leaflets
newest
benefits

6. points
7. 400
8. RM10
9. pre-sales
10. 50%

Exercise 3
1. socialising and meeting
2. likes and dislikes
3. a better understanding

4. goods and services

5. three times a year

Exercise 4
1. the World Cup football season
2. illegal bookie websites
3. placing a deposit

4. like taking drugs

5. total gambling losses

Exercise 5
1. C
2. B
3. D

4. A
5. B

Exercise 6
1. C
2. A
3. B

4. C
5. B

16

Exercise 7
1. He is a teacher.
2. He discovered MyTube three years ago.
3. He uses MyTube in his teaching to help students to grasp the learning points
better. Furthermore, the video clips can stimulate the students and keep them
awake.
4. He prefers MyTube to other websites because he can get all the video clips
that he wants from MyTube whereas other websites have limited clips.
5. The issue that he has with using MyTube is that he has to allocate more time
to planning his lessons and selecting appropriate clips.
Exercise 8
1. GSE research specialises in surveys on Internet usage.
2. GSE Research expects that there will be 1.7 million Internet users in Malaysia
by the end of 2008.
3. The bank has 60,000 registered Internet customers based on its website
survey.
4. An average of 19,000 sales transactions are conducted through the bank
website in a month.
5. The bank will be investing RM1 million to upgrade its website.
Exercise 9
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

dietician
more than 10 years
to eat more celery as it contains a chemical that can lower blood pressure
to reduce the risk of colon cancer, heart attack and strokes
to grate an apple with its skin and let the pieces turn brown before eating
them

Exercise 10
1. a) what products or services the company deals with
b) the key personnel of the company
c) the companys visions and missions
2. It gives the impression to your potential employer that you are keen on
working for the company.
3. You will sound fluent and confident when you answer them on the actual day
of the interview.
4. a) a long-sleeved shirt with a tie, a pair of trousers and formal shoes
b) formal or office attire without excessive make-up, perfume or jewellery
5. To try the route out beforehand to see how much time you will need and
familiarise yourself with the surroundings

17

Chapter Reading Comprehension

Comprehension 1 A Trip to New Zealand
Enrich Your Vocabulary
Exercise A
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

deliberation
extensive
emitted
mesmerised
terrified
breathtaking
exhilarating
reminisced

released
beautiful
attracted
exciting
consideration
frightened
recalled
thorough

Exercise B
1. mesmerised
2. deliberation
3. breathtaking
4. reminiscing

5. terrified
6. extensive
7. exhilarating
8. emitting

Check Your Understanding

1. They were in New Zealand for two weeks.
2. He made them via the Internet because attractive discounts and special
packages were given for advanced online reservations.
3. They did not make advanced reservation for bungee jumping because they
were unsure if they would go for it and it would be a waste of money if they
did not do it.
4. They bought it to help them drive around New Zealand easily.
5. It is the smell of sulphur released from the geysers and underground terrains
in Rotorua.
6. They attended a traditional Maori hangi feast and performance in the Maori
village.
7. They took turns driving frequently to prevent exhaustion on anyone of them
as they had to drive very far for a long period of time in the South Island.
8. The writer finally decided to go for it as he would not want to regret the onein-a-lifetime experience and his friends encouraged him to do it.
9. Prior to jumping, the writer was overwhelmed by fear to the extent that he
could not enjoy the breathtaking scenery around him. However, after taking
the leap, he was exhilarated.

18

Comprehension 2 Beggars
Enrich Your Vocabulary
Exercise A

6M
1C

4C

C
O
M
P
A
S
S
I
O
N

2D

E
L
I
B
E
R
A
T
E

E
A
G

R
E
O

L
Y

Exercise B
1. deliberately
2. neglect
3. daring
4. conscience

5. suspicious
6. compassionate
7. charitable
8. meagre

Check Your Understanding

1. Beggars can be found at ideal areas where there are many people such as
night markets, monorail stations, pedestrian bridges and tourist spots.
2. Some beggars bring along their children to gain the publics sympathy and
hope they would be given more money.
3. Many people are suspicious of beggars because they could be fake beggars
who belong to a syndicate to con the public.
4. The syndicates will cut off the childrens limbs or blind them to force them to
beg money for the syndicates.

19

5. The news article about a beggar begging in a busy night market is considered
shocking to many people because the beggar, who was supposed to be poor,
was sighted leaving the night market in an expensive car.
6. Some able-bodied people rather put themselves in a degrading position to
beg for money because they are lazy and do not want to work hard just to
earn a meagre salary. They can get a lot of money by begging without having
to work hard for it.
7. There are many beggars in countries like China, Myanmar and India because
these countries are facing the problems of overpopulation and poverty.
8. Giving money to beggars will not help them or solve their problems because
they will continue to beg and become too dependent on peoples generosity
until begging becomes a culture for them.
9. The Welfare Department should round up and investigate these beggars
frequently and provide proper assistance or rehabilitation for the genuine
beggars so that they can start afresh in the right direction towards
productivity.

Comprehension 3 We Overeat
Enrich Your Vocabulary
Exercise A
1. discard
2. hassle
3. alarming
4. diverse

5. abundant
6. address
7. gradually
8. alter

Exercise B
1. address
2. discarded
3. alarming
4. hassle

5. gradually
6. abundant
7. altered
8. diverse

Check Your Understanding

1. Experts say that Malaysians can afford to eat less because they are either
overeating or wasting food.
2. Malaysians discard about 930 tonnes of unconsumed food daily.
3. The unconsumed waste that is mostly thrown away includes expired bread,
eggs and old or rotten fruit.
4. The food wastage in urban areas is higher than the rural areas because of the
difference in income levels between the two areas.

20

5. They pile a lot of food on their plates during a buffet probably because they
do not want the hassle of going back for a second helping or they are worried
that the food will finish before they can return.
6. Malaysian culture is rich with diverse food from the many ethnic groups. As a
result, the abundance of food during the many festivals celebrated in the
country as well as in the street hawkers and restaurants throughout the year,
and the unhealthy food which contains a lot of sugar and oil indirectly
contribute towards obesity among the young.
7. They may find it difficult to do so because there are too many temptations
around and doing exercise is tiring and difficult, so they may easily give up on
it.
8. The benefit of preparing our own food at home is it allows us to be in total
control over what type of food we want to eat and how much we should eat,
hence encouraging us to eat healthily.
9. We should not overeat or waste food because prices of food are increasing
gradually due to the rising cost of living. Therefore, we are indirectly wasting
our money when we overeat or waste food.

Comprehension 4 English No Good

Enrich Your Vocabulary
Exercise A
1. resolve
2. accepting
3. explain
4. communicate

5. complaint
6. hire
7. arrival
8. serious

Exercise B
1. converse
2. embraced
3. advent
4. arrest

5. recruit
6. articulate
7. grave
8. grouse

Check Your Understanding

1. The standard of English was still good in the 1980s, but there was a
significant decline in the 1990s.
2. There is a more urgent need to arrest it because English has become an
important language of knowledge and global competition now.
3. The standard of English among the young is declining due to the lack of
interest among the young to master the language.

21

4. They should master English because English is important when they go out to
work in future, they can access a big source of information and the latest
developments in knowledge, and they will not be left behind.
5. The main conclusion of the survey was that an average of six out of 10
Malaysian graduates could not communicate effectively in English during job
interviews.
6. The biggest complaint among employers about school leavers is their poor
communication skills, both in oral communication and writing, in English.
7. Graduates who are not able to conduct a simple conversation in English at
work will develop low confidence in using the language, and they will also
avoid participating in meetings and discussions where English is used.
8. They communicated by letter in the past before the availability of the Internet
and ICT.
9. The limitations of translated knowledge are it will take some time before the
knowledge is translated, and the knowledge itself would have changed before
the translated knowledge can reach the targeted audience.

Comprehension 5 Conquering Mount Kinabalu

Enrich Your Vocabulary
Exercise A
1. left
2. short
3. going down
4. warned

5. accidents
6. terrifying
7. difficult
8. shaking

Exercise B
1. descend
2. depart
3. cautioned
4. brief

5. taxing
6. mishaps
7. quivered
8. petrifying

Check Your Understanding

1. The writer had never planned on climbing the mountain due to a fear of
heights.
2. The writer was advised to do them to prevent nausea, drowsiness, fatigue
and other symptoms of altitude sickness due to the effects of thinning air.
3. Sir Hugo Low was the first person who conquered Mount Kinabalu in 1851.
4. The porters helped them to carry their backpacks.
5. The last kilometre climb to Laban Rata was difficult because the air had
become so thin that they had to stop to catch their breath every few steps.
22

6. After dinner, they had an enjoyable time reminiscing their hiking experience
during the day.
7. It was helpful to them climbing to the peak in the darkness because their
focus was limited to what their eyes could see, which was not far, and that
had made the journey to the peak achievable.
8. They were reluctant to do so because they believed it would bring bad luck to
them if they talked about such things.
9. When climbers reach the Sayat Sayat checkpoint, they can get a Mount
Kinabalu Certificate of Completion.

Chapter 6 Pronunciation
Exercise 2
//
park
card
part

/i/
steal
been
feel

//
ball
short
four

/u/
soup
fool
lose

//
curd
shirt
heard

Exercise 6
/e/
head
set
met

//
mad
can
bag

//
such
young
blood

//
banana
woman
doctor

//
begin
women
lettuce

//
wont
doll
dock

//
wolf
pull
took

//
dug
luck
tuck

/e/
mate
grade
wait

/a/
might
flight
quite

//
point
voice
employ

/a/
found
count
town

Exercise 13

Exercise 17

23

Exercise 23
//
boat
bowl
code

//
fear
rear
fierce

/e/
dare
square
fair

//
cure
tour
lure

//
both
maths
fourth

/S/
rice
concert
place

//
shirt
nation
ocean

/t/
watch
future
question

//
breathe
other
than

/z/
breeze
easy
scissors

//
television
measure
leisure

/d/
village
juice
general

Exercise 26

Exercise 35

Exercise 42
1p

a
g
3d e
a
n
t

2a

l
m
o t
n
4d i

6m
8c

9q

u
11n a
y

i
n
u
t
e

v o

5r

e
7p
l u m
i
c
i e n
i
10d e s s
c
12d i
l e

24

m m a

Exercise 43
1. /bz/

6. /ppjl/

2. /tu/

7. /fst fud/

3. /nml/

8. /dknr/

4. /mjuzk/

9. /gt/

5. /nst/

10./sfstketd/

Exercise 44
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

chicken
Wednesday
watermelon
computer
tiny

6. cousin
7. apple
8. consumer
9. restaurant
10. intelligent

Exercise 45
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

effect
different
thick
laugh
sing

6. tide
7. colour
8. cup
9. song
10. cane

Exercise 46
1. /dvelp/

9. /lkr/

2. /venzn/

10./wn/

3. /lets/

11./land/

4. /le/

12./flm/

5. /hb/

13./knm/

6. /ndl/

14./kmftbl/

7. /sn/

15./ntrprn/

8. /kwrd/

16./al/

Exercise 47
1. /b/

/be/

2. /sut/

/swit/

3. /dezt/

/dz:rt/

4. /pras/

/praz/

5. /wmn/

/wmn/

25

6. /dan/

/dn/

7. /krr/

/kr/

8. /alnd/

/aln/

9. /mesd/

/ms/

10. /knns/

/knens/

11. /pravt/

/prvs/

12. /dzan/

/dezgnen/

13. /rpit/

/reptn/

14. /kmpal/

/kmplen/

15. /rdim/

/rdempn/

Exercise 48
1. /h z hp/

6. /t z sml jel b:d/

2. /a lv n n ptmnt/

7. /w r wt muv tmr/

3. /i laks t t tklts/

8. /ma m z gd kk/

4. /ma fevrt frut z strbrz/

9. /ju lk gl n t :rt/

5. /wt z tam/

10./h dznt it lm nd bif/

Exercise 49
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Shut up!
I want to sleep now.
Do you like the song?
Your sister is pretty.
Their house is beautiful.

6. I am a college student.
7. She is my good friend.
8. I love you very much.
9. He is waiting for you at the library.
10. She doesnt want to see you
anymore.

Exercise 52
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

chocolates
famous
guitar
escape
supermarket

6. ambulance
7. introduction
8. marine
9. apprehension
10. sophisticated

26

Exercise 53

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Nouns
conduct
contrast
increase
insult
present

Verbs
conduct
contrast
increase
insult
present

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

Nouns
subject
permit
object
desert
record

Verbs
subject
permit
object
desert
record

Chapter 7 Speaking
Exercise 1
Column A

Column B

1. To demand
2. To reassure
3. To plead
4. To express surprise

5. To criticise
6. To disapprove

7. To express irritation

8. To recommend

9. To consent

10. To console

You never bothered to return my call.

Really? When did she get married?
I dont think that is a good idea.
Dont worry. Well help you to convince
your father.
I want my refund now!
Its alright. Perhaps well win the match
next year.
Thats fine with me. You can join your
friends for camping this weekend.
I personally think that your shirt is too
big for you. You look weird in it.
Please help me. I cant do this without
you.
Why not go to Genting Highlands?
There are many interesting things we
can do there.

Exercise 2
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

To greet
To say goodbye/bid farewell
To describe
To negotiate/bargain
To express dissatisfaction

6. To express regret
7. To direct/give directions
8. To remind
9. To accuse/blame
10. To offer

Exercise 3 to Exercise 8
Students own responses

27

Chapter 8 Journal Writing

Students own responses

Chapter 9 Essay Writing

Students own responses

Chapter 10 Specimen Examination Paper

Section A: Essay Writing
1. Suggested ways to overcome stress:
a) Listening to music
b) Taking up sports
c) Doing yoga
d) Watching comedies
e) Preparing a to do list and prioritising tasks
2. Students own responses
Section B: Grammar
Part I: Word Formation
1. defective
2. relieve
3. boredom
4. dissatisfied
5. courageously

6. differentiate
7. education
8. cautiously
9. deafening
10. treatment

Part II: Error Identification

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Error
on
has
were
borrowed
managed

Correction
in
have
was
lent
manage

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

28

Error
a
hardly
requires
passed
exciting

Correction
the
hard
required
pass
excited

Part III: Cloze Passage

1. us
2. who
3. of
4. is
5. to

6. a
7. such
8. have
9. sleep
10. and

Section C: Reading Comprehension and Vocabulary

1. Earlier studies on laughter stated that it could relieve pain, facilitate digestion
and improve memory.
2. He is Malaysia's first laughter therapist who is now a Melbourne-based
naturopathic doctor specialising in stress management using laughter.
3. We often fail to realise that when our life is faced with challenges, we need to
laugh more.
4. Endorphins are the happy brain chemicals that give us a sense of wellbeing.
5. Endorphins are released in our body when the hypothalamus is stimulated by
our emotions which travelled up our spinal cord when they are activated by
the motion of laughter.
6. According to Dr Robert Holden, our body is stimulated and exercised during
laughter, and after laughter, the body relaxes and calms itself.
7. If someone is stressed out in the office, he or she could pretend talking to a
friend on the phone and laugh out loud, put on a smile and try to laugh
without making a sound, or laugh with a hum.
8. We should start our day with laughter rather than with complaints because
when we start with good energy, we will be able to meet the challenges of the
day better and positively.
9. Those who have just undergone surgery and those with heart disease and
exercise-induced asthma should be careful when they participate in laughing
exercises.
10. a) reduce, alleviate
b) challenges
c) depend
d) differentiate
e) producing, making

29