usuallyaquestionontheconstitutionality

supranationalism,intergovernmentalism
interrepresentativesofthelargerstateshavealargersay.

foundingtreatiesparisandrome(eec)alwaysmentionarticle2eecexpandingtoa
commonmarketbeyondcoalandsteel.good,services,capitalandlabour.
vangendenloos.
costavienno.themaastrichttreatycase.
mentionsarticles26tfu.2setstheoutthegeneralprovisionsforthecompetencies.

aimofeectoestablishcommonmarket.article2.
principleachievementtoachieveinternalmarket.tryingtocreateastrongerinstitutionalfor
theunionitselfratherthanmemberstates.

maastricht3pillarstructures.justiceandhomeaffairs.

treatyontheeuropeanunionislisbon.lisbonratifiedontheeuropeanunionandthetreaty
onthefunctioningoftheeuropeanunion.

treatyofamsterdamanothersupranationalstep.consolidation.gavealotofpowertowards
theeu.qualifiedmajorityvoting.

treatyofniceprepareforenlargementanddealwiththingsthathadntbeendealtwith.

declarationtheywerenthappyandtheywerewasaconstitutionaltreaty

parisromeandinonesection
emptychairpolicy,maastricht,nice2ndsection
constitutionaltreatyandlisbon3rdsection

supremacyclause
caselaweulawisitsownlegalorderandhasprimacyoverstatelaw.

constitutionalcrisisortimeofreflection.

lisbontreatyonfunctioningontheeuropeanunion.sections26tfeu.solesharedand
supportingcompetencies.
strippedoutallofconstitutionalaspects.3pillars.nochapteronthe.

longquestioncouldstartfromschumandeclarationorlisbonandgobackwards.apply
whateverprincipleyoubelievefollowstoit.supranationalismandintergovernmentalism.
writeinchronologically.
escetreatyofpariscreatedasupranationalhighauthority.


economiccomparative
francebetteratcoal,germanybetteratsteel.focusonwhatyourebestat.givingupthe
functiontothehighauthority.functionalismwhenyougivetoeu,yougivespowersbest
suitedtothemratherthanthememberstates.

counterpointtoparisfaileddefensetreaty.triedtounifydefensepolicy.noonewantedto
armthegermansagain.
coalandsteelideawastoletgermanyonlydevelopone.

parisisanothervictoryforsupranationalism.treatyforeuraton.article2eec.
inlinewithoriginalfunctionsofcoalandsteel,justexpandingitoutwards.
peaceandreconciliation.trading=betterharmony.nuclearpowerhandedtoanoutside
forcecouldpreventwar.
afterthisintergovernmentalbacklash.emptychairpolicybydegaulle.atthetimeeverything
wasdonebymajority.degaulletoldhiscabinetnottogotothemeetings.solvedwith
luxembourgaccord.everydecisionapprovedbyunanimity

the60scourts.vangendeloos,costen.courtexpandingremitandremitofeuitself.van
gendenlooslawitsownlegalorder,morepowerthaninternationallaw.costarestatedit.
statescouldbeboundbyeulaw.
courtofjusticewasexpandingitsownremitwhenitcametocaselawandhowitwas
applied.
singleeuropeanact,supranational.greaterinputfromparliamentstartedtoexpandthe
competenciesmore.
maastricht3pillar.structuringofcompetences.acknowledgethattheeuhadarolein.
ecvmonetary,singlecurrency.citizenship.whatitmeansconstitutionally.
amsterdamanothersupranationalstep.
niceunsatisfactory.furtheraccessionstates.
constitutionaltreatystate.createdarticles26tfeu.abolishedpillarstructure.
lisbonconstitutionaltreatywithconstitutionalbitstakenout.charternotfullyincludedbut
includedinarticle6.supernationcontinualmoveforwardtosupranationalismandstumbling
blocks.wehaveconstitutionalorderbutnosingledocument.

interhighlightemptychairpolicy,faileddefensepolicy.howcouncilhasvoted.change
emphasistosupranationalism

placeemphasisonsuperorinter.orboth,balance.
writein3rdperson.

tutorial2

nevermentionthecouncilofeurope

needtoknowaboutcouncilofministers=councilofeuropeanunion
^legislativebody,theyalongwiththeparliamenthavelegislativeoversight

cjeuencompassingcourtofjustice,specialcourts

267cjeuissolejudicialbranch,theyworkinconjunctionwithmemberstates.

principleofcollegiality=memberstateeu

rememberonlywhatiswhentalkingaboutabody
basicfunctions
treatyprovisions
howtheyelected
howtheyworkwithoneanother
howprocedurallytheytryandworkdisrepute

reallydrivehometheproceduralaspects

thecommission
isonlymeanttorepresenteuinterests

democraticdeficit.doestheeulacklegitimacyifnotmanypeoplevote.25%ofbodiesare
democraticallychosen.2ndorderlegitimacy.

tutorialquestion
AnalysetheeffectivenessoftheinterinstitutionalbalanceofpowerwithintheEUinstitutions,
outlininginyouranswerifsuchabalanceiscriticaltothefunctioningoftheEUsinstitutions,
anddiscusswhetherornot,inyouropinion,thereisademocraticdeficitintheEU(Consider,
inparticular,thelegislativepowersoftheCommissionundertheEUTreatiesanditsmodeof
appointment,theroleoftheCommissioninlegislativeinitiativeandtheroleofconsultation
andoftheECI)

electionsseenalmostaslocalelectionssolowturnout.2ndorderlegitimacy.
differentinstitutionsparliament,council,commission
balanceofpowergermany96mps,ireland11.
commission.ecieuropeancitizensinitiative
commissionisnominatedbythecouncilofministers.presidentart17[sec7]teu.acandidate
isnominatedbytheeuropeancounciltobethepresidentofthecommission.
13(5),267,
267mightbeonexam

tutorial3

examlegislativeprocess,infringementandenforcementprocedures.verysimilarstyleto
assignment

supranationalismeuabovenationalstates
intergovernmentalismcomingtogether

functionalismgiveoveraspecificfunctionthatisdeemedbestoperatedatasupranational
level

vangendenloseuownlegalorder,primacyofeulaw

mentionasmanycasesasyoucan
cjeu
courtstructurefortheunionart267
proceduraleffectiveness

directeffect
vangennotonlycreatesanobligationformemberstates,butitgivesarighttocitizens

directeffect3criteria
actualclauseisclear,unambiguous,unconditional.dontneedafurtheractorpieceof
legislationtogiveiteffect.

regulationsaredirectlyapplicable
theyarealwaysdirectlyeffective.

directappl,makesregulationsdirectlyeffective.normativevalue
bothtreatyprovisionsanddirectivesandcanbedirectivewithoutbeingdirectlyapplicableas
longastheysatisfythe3criteria.

directives2kindsofdirecteffectvertical=individualandmemberstatebetween.
horizontalbetweentwoprivateparties.personandcompanyortwocompanies.
horizontaleffectdoesnotapplyfordirectives.
vanduindutchscientologist,
italianlabellingofsolvents,violatingnationallaw.italyhadnotimplementedaneudirective
onthattopic.
feccinidoriitalianwomangoingthroughmilantrainstation.signedupwithenglish
correspondencecourse.cantleaveit.butitalyhadnotimplementedaneudirectivethatwas
meanttogiveyou7daystochangeyourmind.horizontalandnotverticaleffect.
martial
fostervsbritishgas
nnbcases.verysimilartoproblemquestion.
nonimplementationofequalityact.workeditbacktobeingverticaleffect.
fosterbritishgaswasprivate,butperformedapublicserviceandwasunderthecontrolof
thestate.

tutorialunderfoster,performingpublicgood,education.isgivenlegislativepowersbythe
government.partiallystatefunded.createsitlikelypartofthestate.theideaofmemberstate
liability.getdamagesfromnonimplementationofdirective.
frankovich.
eudirectiveontopic,eumsmustcreaterighttoredundancy.

3prongedtestdirectivecreatesrights,youcanspottheserights,becauseofthenon
implementationthedamagewascaused.thedirectivecreatedtherighttoredundancy.
createdrightofnondiscrimination.shehadbediscriminationagainstandsufferedaloss
becausethedirectivehadntbeenimplemented.

brasseriedupecheur
stateliabilitynonimplimentationisviolationofrights.

questiondefinedirecteffect,conditionsforit.verticalvshoriz.alwaysvert.ifpartofstateitl
countasbeingstate.martialandfoster.mentionstateliability,frankovich.nonimpl=viol.