Professional Documents
Culture Documents
NP/PA MD Students Amnesia
NP/PA MD Students Amnesia
Arnold-Chiari
Malformation
Barretts
Bartters Syndrome
Beckers Muscular
Dystrophy
Bells Palsy
Bergers Disease
Bernard-Soulier Disease
Berry Aneurysm
Bowens Disease
Brill-Zinsser Disease
Briquets Syndrome
Brocas Aphasia
Brown-Sequard
Brutons Disease
Budd-Chiari
Buergers Disease
Burkitts Lymphoma
Caisson Disease
Chagas Disease
Chediak-Higashi
Disease
Conns Syndrome
Coris Disease
Creutzfeldt-Jakob
Crigler-Najjar Syndrome
Crohns
Curlings Ulcer
Cushings
Cushings Ulcer
de Quervains
Thyroiditis
DiGeorges Syndrome
Downs Syndrome
Dresslers Syndrome
Dubin-Johnson
Syndrome
Duchenne Muscular
Dystrophy
Edwards Syndrome
Ehlers-Danlos
Eisenmengers Complex
Erb-Duchenne Palsy
Ewing Sarcoma
Eyrthroplasia of
Queyrat
Fanconis Syndrome
Feltys Syndrome
Gardners Syndrome
Gauchers Disease
Gilberts Syndrome
Glanzmanns
Thrombasthenia
Goodpastures
Graves Disease
Guillain-Barre
Hamman-Rich
Syndrome
Hand-Schuller-Christian
Hashimotos Thyroiditis
Hashitoxicosis
Henoch-Schonlein
purpura
Hirschprungs Disease
Horners Syndrome
Huntingtons
(Chromosome 4)
Jacksonian Seizures
Jobs Syndrome
Kaposi Sarcoma
Kartageners Syndrome
Kawasaki Disease
Klinefelters Syndrome
Kluver-Bucy
Krukenberg Tumor
Laennecs Cirrhosis
Lesch-Nyhan
Letterer-Siwe
Libman-Sacks
Lou Gehrigs
Mallory-Weis Syndrome
Marfans
McArdles Disease
Meckels Diverticulum
Meigs Syndrome
Menetriers Disease
Monckebergs
Arteriosclerosis
Munchausen Syndrome
Nelsons Syndrome
Niemann-Pick
(area 4)
1. Immune deficiency: neutrophils fail to respond to
chemotactic stimuli
2. Defective neutrophilic chemotactic response = repeated
infections
3. Commonly seen in light-skinned, red-haired girls
88. d IgE levels
89. Malignant vascular tumor (HHV8 in homosexual men)
90. Immotile cilia 2 to defective dynein arms infection,
situs inversus, sterility
91. Mucocutaneous lymph node syndrome in kids (acute
necrotizing vasculitis of lips, oral mucosa)
92. 47, XXY: Long arms, Sterile, Hypogonadism
93. Bilateral lesions of amygdala (hypersexuality; oral
behavior)
94. Adenocarcinoma with signet-ring cells (typically
originating from the stomach) metastases to
95. the ovaries
96. Alcoholic cirrhosis
97. HGPRT deficiency
98. Gout, retardation, self-mutilation
99. Acute disseminated Langerhans cell histiocytosis
100. Endocarditis with small vegetations on valve leaflets
101. Associated with SLE
102. Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis degeneration of upper &
lower motor neurons
103. Bleeding from esophagogastric lacerations 2 to
wretching (alcoholics)
104. Connective tissue defect: defective Fibrillin gene
Dissecting aortic aneurysm, subluxation of lenses
105. Type V Glycogenosis - Glycogen storage disease (muscle
phosphorylase deficiency = Glycogen)
106. Rule of 2s: 2 inches long, 2 feet from the ileocecum, in
2% of the population
107. Embryonic duct origin; may have ectopic tissue:
gastric/pancreatic remnant of vitteline duct/yolk stalk
108. Triad: ovarian fibroma, ascites, hydrothorax associated
w/ fibroma of ovaries
109. Giant hypertrophic gastritis (enlarged rugae; plasma
protein loss)
110. Calcification of the media (usually radial & ulnar aa.)
111. Factitious disorder (consciously creates symptoms, but
doesnt know why)
112. 1 Adrenal Cushings surgical removal of adrenals loss
of negative feedback to pituitary Pituitary Adenoma
113. Lysosomal Storage Disease (sphingomyelinase
deficiency sphingomyelin accumulation)
114. Foamy histiocytes
Page 4
Osler-Weber-Rendu
Syndrome
Pagets Disease
Pancoast Tumor
Parkinsons
Peutz-Jeghers
Syndrome (AD)
Peyronies Disease
Picks Disease 2
Different Diseases -
Plummers Syndrome
Plummer-Vinson
Pompes Disease
Potts Disease
Potters Complex
Raynauds
Reiters Syndrome
Reyes Syndrome
Riedels Thyroiditis
Rotor Syndrome
Sezary Syndrome
Shavers Disease
Sheehans Syndrome
Shy-Drager
Simmonds Disease
Sipples Syndrome
Sjogrens Syndrome
Spitz Nevus
Stein-Leventhal
Stevens-Johnson
Syndrome
Stills Disease
Takayasus arteritis
Tay-Sachs (AR)
Tetralogy of Fallot
Tourettes Syndrome
Turcots Syndrome
Turners Syndrome
Vincents Infection
Von Gierkes Disease
Von Hippel-Lindau
Von Recklinghausens
Von Recklinghausens
Disease of Bone
Von Willebrands
Disease (AD)
Waldenstroms
macroglobinemia
Wallenbergs Syndrome
WaterhouseFriderichsen
Webers Syndrome
Wegeners
lymphoma
144. Juvenile melanoma (always benign)
145. Polycystic ovary: see amenorrhea; infertility; obesity;
hirsutism = LH secretion
146. Erythema multiforme, fever, malaise, mucosal ulceration
(often 2 to infection = mycoplasma or sulfa drugs)
147. Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (absence of rheumatoid
factor)
148. Aortic arch syndrome
149. Loss of carotid, radial or ulnar pulses = pulseless
disease. Night sweats.
150. Common in young Asian females
151. Gangliosidosis (hexosaminidase A deficiency GM2
ganglioside) Cherry Red Spots of the Macula
152. 1.VSD, 2.overriding aorta, 3.pulmonary artery stenosis,
4.right ventricular hypertrophy
153. Involuntary actions, both motor and vocal Txt w/
Pimozide
154. Colon adenomatous polyps plus CNS tumors
155. 45, XO = most common cause of Primary Amenorrhea.
No Barr body on buccal smear.
156. Trench mouth acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
due to Fusobacterium
157. Type I Glycogenosis Glycogen storage disease
(G6Ptase deficiency) Glycogen accumulaiton
158. Hemangioma (or hemangioblastoma) = cerebellum,
brain stem, & retina
159. Adenomas of the viscera, especially Renal Cell
Carcinoma
160. Chromosome 3p
161. Neurofibromatosis & caf au lait spots & Lisch nodules
(Chromosome 17)
162. Osteitis fibrosa cystica (brown tumor) 2 to
hyperparathyroidism = osteoclastic resorption w/
163. fibrous replacement
164. Defect in platelet adhesion 2 to deficiency in vWF.
aPPT, Bleed time
165. Proliferation of IgM-producing lymphoid cells in men 5070 yoa; PAS(+) Dutcher bodies
166. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (PICA) thrombosis
Medullary Syndrome
167. Ipsilateral: ataxia, facial pain & temp; Contralateral:
body pain & temp
168. Adrenal insufficiency 2 to DIC
169. DIC 2 to meningiococcemia
170. Paramedian Infarct of Midbrain
171. Ipsilateral: mydriasis; Contralateral: UMN paralysis
(lower face & body)
172. Necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of paranasal
Page 6
Granulomatosis
Weils Disease
Wermers Syndrome
Wernickes Aphasia
Wernicke-Korsakoff
Syndrome
Whipples Disease
Wilsons Disease
Wiskott-Aldrich
Syndrome
Wolff-Chaikoff Effect
Zenkers Diverticulum
Zollinger-Ellison
Rogers Disease
Barlows Syndrome
Bracht-Wachter Lesions
Lutembachers
Syndrome
Schmidts Syndrome
Hallmark Findings
Albumino-Cytologic
Dissociation
Antiplatelet Antibodies
Arachnodactyly
Aschoff Bodies
Auer Rods
Autosplenectomy
Babinski
Basophilic Stippling of
RBCs
217. 1 Syphilis
218. Haemophilus ducreyi
219. Multiple sclerosis = nystagmus, intention tremor,
scanning speech
Charcot-Leyden Crystals 220. Bronchial asthma
Cheyne-Stokes
221. Cerebral lesion
Breathing
Chocolate Cysts
222. Endometriosis
Chvosteks Sign
223. Hypocalcemia facial spasm in tetany
Clue Cells
224. Gardnerella vaginitis
Codmans Triangle
225. Osteosarcoma
Cold Agglutinins
226. Mycoplasma pneumoniae
227. Infectious mononucleosis
Condyloma Lata
228. 2 Syphilis
229. New coffee flavor at Bagel & Bagel
Cotton Wool Spots
230. HTN
231. Aka, cytoid bodies seen w/ SLE (yellowish cotton wool
fundal lesions)
Councilman Bodies
232. Dying hepatocytes HepB
Crescents In Bowmans
233. Rapidly progressive (crescentic glomerulonephritis)
Capsule
Currant-Jelly Sputum
234. Klebsiella
Curschmanns Spirals
235. Bronchial asthma
Depigmentation Of
236. Parkinsons
Substantia Nigra
Donovan Bodies
237. Granuloma inguinale (STD)
Eburnation
238. Osteoarthritis (polished, ivory-like appearance of bone)
Ectopia Lentis
239. Marfans
Erythema Chronicum
240. Lyme Disease
Migrans
Fatty Liver
241. Alcoholism
Page 8
Ferruginous Bodies
Ghon Focus / Complex
Glitter Cells
Gowers Maneuver
Heberdens Nodes
Heinz Bodies
Heterophil Antibodies
Hirano Bodies
Hypersegmented PMNs
Hypochromic Microcytic
RBCs
Jarisch-Herxheimer
Reaction
Joint Mice
Kaussmaul Breathing
Keratin Pearls
Keyser-Fleischer Ring
Kimmelstiel-Wilson
Nodules
Koilocytes
Koplik Spots
Lewy Bodies
Lines of Zahn
Lisch Nodules
Lumpy-Bumpy IF
Glomeruli
Mallory Bodies
McBurneys Sign
Michealis-Gutmann
Bodies
Monoclonal Antibody
Spike
Myxedema
Negri Bodies
Neuritic Plaques
Neurofibrillary Tangles
Non-pitting Edema
Notching of Ribs
Nutmeg Liver
Owls Eye Cells
Painless Jaundice
242.
243.
244.
245.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
251.
Pannus
Pautriers
Microabscesses
Philadelphia
Chromosome
Pick Bodies
2 types of COPD
Podagra
Port-Wine Stain
Posterior Anterior
Drawer Sign
Psammoma Bodies
Pseudohypertrophy
Punched-Out Bone
Lesions
Rash on Palms & Soles
Red Morning Urine
Reed-Sternberg Cells
Reid Index Increased
Reinke Crystals
Rouleaux Formation
S3 Heart Sound
S4 Heart Sound
Schwartzman Reaction
Smith Antigen
Panacinar -
Tendinous Xanthomas
Thyroidization of Kidney
Tophi
Tram-Track Glomeruli
Trousseaus Sign
Virchows Node
Warthin-Finkeldey Giant
Cells
WBC Casts
Whipples Triad
Wire Loop Glomeruli
AFP in amniotic fluid
or mothers serum
Uric Acid
FEV1/FVC
Ground Glass on
chest x-ray (Hyaline)
Honey Combing of the
lung
Crescents
Linear Ig Deposits
45 Degree Branch
Points
PAS(+) Dutcher Bodies
Ground Glass in
Abdomen(Hyaline)
Signet Ring Cells
Ground Glass
Appearance (Hyaline)
Congo Red
Meningiomas &
Progesterone
Tuberous Sclerosis Triad
Cowdry A Inclusions
Devics Syndrome
c-erb B2
Foster-Kennedy
Syndrome
Hoffmans Sign
Red Nucleus
Destruction
Ventral Spinocerebellar
tr.
Dorsal Spinocerebellar
tr.
Cuneocerebellar tr.
Dorsal Column
Lateral Spinothalamic
tr.
Ventral Spinothalamic
tr.
SVA
GSE
SSA
GVA
GVE
GSA
SVE
LMN Lesion
Sensory Pathway Lesion
Both UMN & LMN Lesion
Both Sensory & Motor
Lesion
Suprachiasmatic
Nucleus
Ventromedial Nucleus
Lateral Nucleus
Arcuate Nucleus
Mamillary Body
Acanthocytes
Most Common
1o Tumor arising
from bone in adults
Adrenal Medullary
Tumor Adults
Adrenal Medullary
Tumor Children
Agent of severe viral
encephalitis
Aggressive lung
tumor
Associated with
gallstones
Bacterial Meningitis
adults
Bacterial Meningitis
elderly
Bacterial Meningitis
newborns
Bacterial Meningitis
toddlers
Benign epithelial
tumor of oral
mucosa
Benign fallopian
tube tumor
Benign ovarian
tumor
Benign tumor of soft
tissue
Benign tumor of the
breast <25yoa
Benign tumor of the
liver
Benign tumor of the
vulva
Benign uterine
tumor
Bone Tumors
Brain Tumor Child
Brain Tumor Adult
Breast Carcinoma
Breast Mass
Bug in Acute
Endocarditis
Bug in debilitated,
hospitalized
pneumonia pt
Bug in Epiglottitis
Bug in GI Tract
Bug in IV drug user
bacteremia /
pneumonia
Bug in PID
Bug in Subacute
Endocarditis
CA of urinary
collecting system
Cardiac 1ry Tumor
Adults
Cardiac 1ry Tumor
Child
Cardiac Tumor
Adults
Cardiomyopathy
Cause of 2ry HTN
Cause of Addisons
Cause of breast
lumps
Cause of chronic
endometriosis
Cause of Congenital
Adrenal Hyperplasia
Cause of Cushings
Cause of Death in
Alzheimer pts
Cause of Death in
Diabetics
Cause of Death in
premature
Cause of Death in
SLE pts.
Cause of Dementia
Cause of Dementia
(2nd most common)
Cause of Dwarfism
Cause of Food
poisoning
Cause of
Hematosalpynga
Cause of
Hypoparathyroidism
Cause of
Hypothyroidism
Cause of Kidney
infections
Cause of Liver
disease in US
Cause of Malignancy
in children
Cause of Mental
retardation
Cause of Mental
retardation (2nd most
common)
Cause of NaCl loss
and Hypotension
Cause of PID
Cause of Portal
cirrhosis
Cause of
Preventable
Blindness
Cause of Pulmonary
HTN
Cause of Secondary
Hypertension
Cause of SIADH
Cause of UT
Obstruction in men
Cause Pernicious
Anemia
Chromosomal
Disorder
Common Tumor of
the Appendix
Congenital Cardiac
Anomaly
Congenital Early
Cyanosis
Coronary Artery
Thrombosis
Demyelinating
Disease
Dental Tumor
Dietary Deficiency
Disease of the
Breast
Disseminated
Opportunistic
Infection in AIDS
Esophageal Cancer
Fallopian Tube
Malignancy
Fatal Genetic Defect
in Caucasians
Female Tumor
Form of Amyloidosis
Form of Tularemia
Germ Cell Tumor of
Testes
Gynecological
Malignancy
Gynecological
Finding
Heart Murmur
Heart Valve in
Bacterial
Endocarditis
Heart Valve in
Bacterial
Endocarditis in IV
drug users
Heart Valve involved
in Rheumatic Fever
Hereditary Bleeding
Disorder
Hormone secreted in
Pituitary Adenoma
Inherited disease of
the Kidney
Intracranial tumor in
adults
Islet Tumor
Liver 1ry Tumor
Liver Disease
Location of
Adenocarcinoma of
the Pancreas
Location of Adult
Brain Tumors
Location of
Childhood Brain
Tumors
Lung Tumor,
malignant or benign
Lung Tumor, primary
or secondary
Lysosomal Storage
Disease
Malignancy in
Women
Malignancy of the
Larynx
Malignancy of the
Small Intestine
Malignancy Vulva
Malignant Eye
Tumor in Kids
Malignant Tumor of
the Liver
Motor Neuron
Disease
Muscular Dystrophy
Nasal Tumor
Neoplasm Child
Neoplasm Child
(2nd most common)
Neoplasm of the
West
Neoplastic Polyp
Nephrotic Syndrome
in Adults
Nephrotic Syndrome
in Children
Non Hodgkins
Lymphoma
Number of Deaths
per year in Women
Skin tumor
Opportunistic
infection in AIDS
Ovarian Malignancy
Ovarian Tumor
Pancreatic Tumor
Patient with ALL /
Serous Cystadenocarcinoma
Hamartoma
Adeno (usually in the head)
ALL Child / CLL Adult over 60 / AML - Adult over 60 / CML
Page 17
Adult 35-50
519. Young male
520. Male
521. Prolactinoma (2nd Somatotropic Acidophilic Adenoma)
522. Mid 1/3
523. Lesser curvuture in antrum associated w/ blood group O
524. Pleomorphic Adenoma (Mixed) 90% localized to the
parotid
525. Adenomas (followed by: hyperplasia, then carcinoma)
526. Osteosarcoma
527. Lymphoma
528. Young Male (except Nodular Sclerosis type Female)
529. Young Child
530. Renal cell CA
531.
Wilms tumor (neohroblastoma)
chromosome 11p
532. Pleomorphic adenoma
533. Hypocalcemia of Chronic Renal Failure
534. Chlamydia (sero types D-K)
535.
536.
&
537.
538.
Sigmoid Colon
Middle cerebral aa: contralateral paralysis; aphasias; motor
sensory loss
Regional Lymph Nodes
Liver
Fistula
Tumor in men <20
Tumor of Infancy
Tumor of the
Stomach >50 years
of age
Type of Hodgkins
Type of NonHodgkins
Type of Portal
Cirrhosis
Type of Soft Tissue
Tumor of Childhood
Vasculitis (of
medium & small
arteries)
Viral Encephalitis
Worm Infection in
US
Worst Prognosis in
Thyroid Cas
Cause of Lobar
Pneumonia
Cause of Death b/t
24-44 yoa
Cause of Pneumonia
in Cystic Fibrosis
Cause of
Osteomyelitis in IV
Drug Users
Cause of Infection in
Burn Pts
Mental Problem in
Males
Intelligence Test
Paraphilia
Metabolite seen w/
Pheochromocytoma
Severe Shigella
Bug in Otitis Media
& Sinusitis in Kids
Cause of a Solitary
Brain Abscess
Cause of Bacterial
Diarrhea in U.S.
571. Dysenteriae
572. Strep. Pneumoniae
573. A. Israelli
574. Campylobacter jejuni
Page 19
Shigella Type
Cause of NonGhonococcal
Urethritis
Pneumonia
Urethritis
Cause of
Glomerulonephritis
Cause of Viral
Pneumonia
Complication of
COPD
Cause of Death w/
SLE
Atrial Septal Defect
Warm Antibody
Immunodeficiency
Congenital GIT
Anomaly
Cause of Congenital
Malformation
575. S. Sonnei
576. Chlamydia trichomonas
577. Strep. Pneumoniae
578. N. ghonorrhea
579. IgA Nephropathy = Bergers Disease
580.
581.
582.
583.
584.
RSV infants
Parainfluenza kids
Influenza virus adults
Adeno virus military recruits
Pulmonary infections
Pharmacology
Autonomic Nervous
Epinephrine
1.
Norepinephrine 2.
GABA
3.
Muscarinic-r
4.
5.
Bethanechol
6.
Pilocarpine
7.
Isoflurophate
Pralidoxime
Neostigmine
Myasthenia
Gravis
Tubocurium
Trimethaphan
Pancurium
System
1, 2, 1, 2
1, 2, 1 (no 2 activity)
Causes an inhibitory cell hyperpolarization
Uses DAG & IP3 as 2nd messengers
Parasympathetic control
Cholinergic. GI & Bladder motility. Txt atonic bladder post-op
Cholinergic. Pupillary constriciton= miosis. Ciliary constriction=
accomodation.
8. Txt acute glaucoma
9. Organophosphate. Irreversible acetylcholinesterase (-)r
10. 2PAM. Reverses organophosphate binding to
acetylcholinesterase
11. Reversible acetylcholinesterase (-)r
12. Txt Myasthenia Gravis
13. Anitbodies to Ach-r. g muscular weakness due to Achs weak
postsynaptic effect @ NMJ. Inactivates-r
14. Nondepol. Competitive cholinergic N-r (-)r.
15. Prevents Ach binding but does not activate NMJ
16. Histamine release= BP & bronchospasm
17. Nonselectively binds N-r of the PS- and SNS
18. More potent than tubocurium w/o histamine release
Page 20
Warfarin
Contraindica 65.
ted in CHF
CNS
TOM
Butyrophenon
e
Atypical D4
Flumazenil
Methylphenid
ate
Phenytoin
Thiopental
Carbamazepi
ne
Atypical D4-r
Pimozide
Risperidone
Thioridazine
Haloperidol
Imirpamine
Clomirpramin
e
Trazadone
Bupropion
SSRIs
Fluoxetine
Phenelzine
Lithium
Alprazolam
Propranolol
-r
-r
Morphine &
O2
Morphine
Morphine OD
Meperidine
Hydromorpho
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
ne
Tramadol
Naloxone
Pentazocine
Butorphenol
Nalbuphene
GABA
Fast Na Ch.
Methoxyflura
ne
Enflurane
Isoflurane
Halothane
Nitric Oxide
Thiopental
Kentamine
Droperidol
Fentanyl
Midazolam
Primidone
C & A delta
Fibers
Esters
Amides
Amphetamine
Bromocriptine
Benztropine
Amantidine
Diphenhydra
mine
Pergolide
Ethosuximide
Tranylcypromi
ne
SSRI & MAOI
Labor opioids
Desipramine
causes
Anti-Infective
Primaquine
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
4. Malaria profylaxis
Page 25
Txt P. carinii
Tetracycline
TMP-SMX
Benzathine Penicillin G
Praziquantel
Melarsoprol
Stibogluconate
Fluconazole
Amphotericin B
Ketoconazole MOA
Griseofulvin MOA
Mefloquine
Chloroquine
Nifurtimox
Erythromycin
Nystatin
Acyclovir
Imipenem
Cefoperazone side effects
Vancomycin
Meropenem
Nafcillin
Peripheral neuropathy
Sulfonamides & newborns
O.N.E. for gonorrhea
Ribavirin
Anti-Neoplastics
Cyclosporine
80.
Cyclophospha
mide
Cisplatins
toxicities
Methotrexate
Leucovorin
Rescue
Bleomycin
toxicities
Azathiorine
transplants
81. Does not induce bone marrow depression
82. Alkylating agent of both purine & pyrimidine
bases of DNA
83. Txt CLL
84. Nephro- & Ototoxicity
85. Antimetabolite of folic acid: (-)dihydrofolate
reductase
86. Can block/reduce Methotrexate = folic acid via
a reduced folate
87. Pneumonitis & pulmonary fibrosis
Path
Mobitz I
Mobitz II
P wave
a wave
T wave
Wavy fibers
Janeways lesions
Oslers nodes
Thiamine defcy
Fibrinous Pericarditis
Serous Pericarditis
Friction Rub
Hemorrhagic
Pericarditis
Restrictive
Cardiomyopathy
PMLs infectious
agent
Edema
Adult Polycystic
Kidney Disease
Malignant HTN &
Kidneys
Nephritic signs
Nephrotic signs
Podocyte
Effacement seen w/
ASO seen in
Crescentic GN
117. Usually due to inferior MI. Rarely goes into 3 rd degree block.
118. Txt w/ Atropine or Isoproterenol.
119. BBB association. Often goes to 3rd degree AV block. Usually
due to anterior MI.
120. Atrial depol.
121. LA contraction
122. Vetricular repol.
123. Eosinophilic bands of necrotic myocytes. Early sign of MI.
124. Acute bacterial endocarditis.
125. Nontender, erythematous lesions of palms & soles.
126. Subacute bacterial endocarditis.
127. Tender lesions of fingers & toes.
128. Wet Beri Beri heart. Dilated (congested) cardiomyopathy
due to chronic alcohol consumption
129. Dyr Beri Beri = peripheral neuropathy
130. Wernicke-Korsakoff = ataxia; confusion; confabulation;
memory loss
131. Associated w/ MI: Dresslers
132. Associated w/ nonbacterial; viral (Coxsackie) infection;
immunologic reaction.
133. Pericarditis association
134. Associated w/ TB or neoplasm
135. Aka infiltrative cardiomyopathy that stiffens the heart
136. Due to amyloidosis in the elderly
137. Due to , also see schaumann & asteroid bodies in young
(<25 yoa).
138. JC Virus (Papovavirus = dsDNA, naked icosahedral capsid)
139. Pc (more seeps out)
140. c (less reabsorbed)
141. permeability
142. Block lymphatic drainage
143. Commonly see liver cysts & Berry aneurysms along w/
kidney cysts. Hematuria & HTN also present.
144. 3 cysts in ea. Kidney w/ + family history confirms diagnosis
145. Petehial hemorrhages are seen on kidney surfaces = FleaBitten surface = young black men
146. Hematuria; RBC casts; HTN
147. Proteinuria; Hypoalbuminemia; Edema
148. Minimal Change (Lipoid nephrosis) disease
149.
150.
151.
152.
Hereditary Nephritis
Membranoproliferati
ve GN
TypeI Membrano
Proliferative GN
deposits
TypeII Membrano
Proliferative GN
deposits
Focal segmental
glomerulosclerosis
deposits
Cold agglutinins
Scrofula
Aspirin-Asthma Triad
Ferruginous bodies
Pancoasts tumor
causes
Fatty degeneration
Saddle embolus
Paradoxical
embolism
Tuberculoid
granuloma
Cellulitis
PSA
5-HT
Feto Protein
CEA
Chromosome 13
Chromosome 11p
Vinyl Chloride
Agent Orange
Parasites & CA
Ochronosis
Lead poisoning
G6PDH Deficiency
HbF
Multiple Myeloma
Hodgkins Disease
Polyarteritis Nodosa
Sprue
Regional Enteritis
Whipples Disease
Kulchitsky cells
Ulcerative Colitis
Vaginal Adenosis
Scirrhous Carcinoma
Hofbauer Cells
Retinopathy of
Prematurity
IgA deficiency
Priamry Sjorgens
Secondary Sjorgens
LDH1 & LDH2
LDH3
LDH4 & LDH5
Keratomalacia
Metabisfite Test
Microangiopathic
Hemolytic Anemia
Wrights stain
Mononucleosis
T(8;14)
T(9;22)
Langerhan Cell
Histiocytosis
Myeloid Metaplasia
Multiple Myeloma
T(14;18)
Focal Segmental GN
exs
Nephrotic Syndrome
exs
Schistosoma
Haematobium
Penicillin Resistant
PID
Duret Hemorrhages
Hypertensive
Hemorrhage
Cerebral Embolism
from
Neurosyphilis
5pTrisomy 13
Acute Cold
Agglutinaiton
Chronic Cold
Agglutinaiton
RBC Osmotic
Fragility
Non-Hodgkins
Lymphomas
Singers Nodules
Paraseptal
emphysema
Superior Vena Cava
Syndrome
Betel nuts
Fundal (Type A)
Gastritis
Antral (Type B)
Gastritis
Primary Biliary
Cirrhosis
Acute Pancreatitis
322. Cri di Chat: mental retardation; small head; wide set eyes;
low set ears; cat-like cry
323. Pataus: small head & eyes; cleft lip & palate; many fingers
324. Abs to I blood group Ag. Mediated by IgM Abs
325. Complication of EBV or Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections
326. Associated w/lymphoid neoplasms. See agglutination &
hemolysis in tissue exposed to cold. IgM Abs
327. Hereditary Spherocytosis
328. Small Lymphocytic: low grade B cell lymphoma of the
elderly. Related to CLL.
329. Small Cleaved cell (Follicualr): low grade B cell lymphoma of
the elderly. T(14;18) bcl-2 oncogene
330. Large Cell
331. Lymphoblastic: high grade T cell lymphoma of kids
progressing to T-ALL
332. Small Non Cleaved = Burkitts: high grade B cell lymphoma.
EBV infection. Starry sky histo appearance. T(8;14) c-myc
proto-oncogene. Related to B-ALL
333. Benign laryngeal polyps associated w/ smoking & overuse
of the voice
334. Associated w/ blebs (large subpleural bullae) that can
rupture and cause pneumothorax
335. Obstructed due to bronchogenic carcinoma. Causing swollen
face & cyanosis.
336. Associated to oral cancer.
337. Antibodies to parietal cells; pernicious anemia; autoimmune
diseases
338. Associated w/ Helicobacter (Campylobacter) pylori infection.
90% of duodenal ulcer
339. Autoimmune origin; middle aged women; anti-mitochondrial
Abs
340. Jaundice; itching; hypercholesterolemia (can see cutaneous
xanthomas)
341. pancreatic enzymes = fat necrosis; sapponification =
hypocalcemia; serum amylase
342. Severe epigastric ab pain; prostration; radiation to the back
343. Chronic pancreatitis
344. No embryo. Paternal derivation only. 46XX
345. Embryo. 2 or more sprems fertilized 1 ovum:
triploidy/tetraploidy occurs
346. Hypoplastic Goiter nodules that do not take up radio active
iodine. [Opposite: hot & do take up iodine]
347. Mammotrophs = Prolactin
348. Somatotrophs = GH
349. Thyrotrophs = TSH
350. Gonadotrophs = LH
351. Corticotrophs = ACTH & FSH
Page 35
Lacunar Strokes
CSF of Bacterial
Meningitis
CSF of Viral
Meningitis
Marble Bone
Disease
C5a
C3b
Anaphylotoxins
Vasoactive
Mediators
Platelet Aggregation
Platelet Antagonist
Intrinsic Pathway
Extrinsic Pathway
Lines of Zahn
Currant Jelly
appearance
Emigration:
Chemotaxis
Transudate
Exudate
Hurlers
Galactosemia
Phenylketonuria
Autosomal
Dominant Diseases
352.
353.
354.
355.
Autosomal
Recessive Diseases
X Linked Recessive
Diseases
Hypersensitivity
Reactions
ACID
Transplant
Rejections
Blood Metastasis
Lymph Metastasis
Aflatoxin
Cleft Lip
Cleft Palate
391. Tay-Sachs
392. Gauchers
393. Niemann-Pick
394. Hurlers
395. Von Gierkes
396. Pompes
397. Coris
398. McArdles
399. Galactosemia
400. PKU
401. Alcaptonuria
402. Hunters Syndrome (L-Iduronosulfate Sulfatase deficincy,
Heparan/Dermatan Sulfate)
403. Fabrys Disease ( Galactosidase A deficiency, Ceremide
Trihexoside)
404. Classic Hemophilia A (Factor VIII deficiency, F8 Gene on X
chromosome is bad, Ceremide Trihexoside)
405. Lisch-Nyhan Syndrome (HGPRT deficiency, Uric acid)
406. G6Phosphatase deficiency (G6PDH deficiency, Ceremide
trihexoside)
407. Duchennes Muscular Dystrophy (Dystrophin deficinecy,
Ceremide Trihexoside)
408. Type I (Anaphylactic): IgE mediated. Exs: Hay Fever; Allergic
asthma; Hives
409. Type II (Cytotoxic): Warm Ab autoimmune hemolytic
anemia; hemolytic transfusion reactions; Erythroblastosis
Fetalis; Graves Disease; Goodpastures
410. Type III (Immune Complex): Insoluble complement bound
aggregates of Ag-Ab complexes. Exs: Serum sickness; Arthus
Reaction; Polyarteritis Nodosa; SLE; Immune Complex
Mediated Glomerular Disease
411. Type IV (Delayed = Cell mediated immunity): Delayed
hypersensitivity. Involves memory cells. Exs: Tuberculin
reaction; Contact dermatitis; Tumor cell killing; Virally infected
cell killing
412. Hyperacute Rejection = occurs w/in minutes of transplant.
Ab mediated.
413. Acute Rejection = occurs w/in days to months of transplant.
Lymphocytes & macrophages. Only rejection type that can be
treated w/ therapy.
414. Chronic Rejection = occurs months to years of transplant.
Ab mediates vascular damage.
415. Sarcoma, exception renal cell CA: early venous invasion
416. Carcinoma, exception renal cell CA: early venous invasion
417. Seen w/ Aspergillus. risk for Hepatocellular CA
418. Incomplete fusion of maxillary prominence w/ median nasal
prominence
419. Incomplete fusion of lateral palatine process w/ each other
& median nasal prominence & medial palatine prominence
Page 37
Craniopharyngioma
Lateral Geniculate
Nucleus
Medial Geniculate
Body
Lung Development
T10, T12
Hemiballism
O Linked
Oligosaccharide
N Linked
Oligosaccharide
MLF Syndrome
ADA Deficiency
Raphe Nucleus
waves
Irreversible
Glycolysis Enzymes
Irreversible
Gluconeogenesis
Enzymes
Pellagra
TLCFN
LCAT or PCAT
HMGCoA Reductase
Ketogenic amino
acids
Glucogenic amino
acids
Keto & Gluco amino
acids
Carnitine Shuttle
Cori Cycle
(-) Na+ Pump
(ATPase)
Cones
Rods
Gastrula
Epiblast
Sydenhams Chorea
(+) Frei Test
Sabourauds Agar
FMR1 Gene Defect
Barr Body
Aortic Insufficiency
Signs
Scleroderma :CRES
T
Cretinism
Hemochromatosis
Triad
420.
421.
422.
423.
424.
425.
426.
427.
Clozapine, Chloramphenical
Chloramphenicol
NSAIDs
Benzene
Tricyclics
Doxorubicin
Daunorubicin
Fluoroquinolones (Ciprofloxacin & Norfloxacin)
428.
429.
430.
Quinidine
ACE Inhibitors
Lithium (Txt w/ Amiloride)
431.
432.
433.
Metronidazole
Sulfonylureas (1st generation)
Antipsychotics (Thioridazine, Haloperidol,
Page 40
Effects
Fanconis Syndrome
Fatal Hepatotoxicity
(necrosis)
Gingival Hyperplasia
Gray Baby Syndrome
Gynecomastia
Hemolytic Anemia in
G6PD-deficiency
Hepatitis
Hot Flashes, Flushing
Induce CP450
Inhibit CP450
Interstitial Nephritis
Monday Disease
Orange Body Fluids
Osteoporosis
Positive Coombs Test
Pulmonary Fibrosis
Red Man Syndrome
Severe HTN with Tyramine
SLE-like Syndrome
Tardive Dyskinesia
Tinnitus
Chlorpromazine)
434.
Tetracycline
435.
Valproic Acid
436.
Halothane
437.
Acetaminophen
438.
Phenytoin
439.
Chloramphenicol
440.
Cimetidine
441.
Azoles
442.
Spironolactone
443.
Digitalis
444.
Sulfonamides
445.
Isoniazid
446.
Aspirin
447.
Ibuprofen
448.
Primaquine
449.
Isoniazid
450.
Niacin
451.
Tamoxifen
452.
Ca++ Channel Blockers
453.
Barbiturates Phenobarbital
454.
Phenytoin
455.
Carbamazepine
456.
Rifampin
457.
Cimetidine
458.
Ketoconazole
459.
Methicillin
460.
NSAIDs (except Aspirin)
461.
Furosemide
462.
Sulfonamides
463.
Nitroglycerin Industrial exposure tolerance
during week loss of tolerance during weekend
headache, -ach, dizziness upon re-exposure
464.
Rifampin
465.
Heparin
466.
Corticosteroids
467.
Methyldopa
468.
Bleomycin
469.
Amiodarone
470.
Vancomycin
471.
MAOIs
472.
Procainamide
473.
Hydralazine
474.
INH
475.
Antipsychotics (Thioridazine, Haloperidol,
Chlorpromazine) Clozapine: only antipsychotic to not
476.
give you tardive dyskinesia
477.
Aspirin
478.
Quinidine
Page 41
Micro
Lactose formers
cAMP
Dimorphic Fungi
Have Prophage
1. CEEK
2. Citrobacter
3. Enterobacter
4. E.Coli (K1 capsule most important)
5. Klebsiella
6. SHYPS
Motile:
make H2S
7. Shigella
8. Yersinia enterolytica (AKA Pestis)
Non Motile: noH2S
9. Proteus
10. Salmonella
11. These rascals may microscopically lack color:
12. Treponema
13. Ricksetta
14. Mycobacterium
15. Mycoplasma
16. Legionella
17. Chlamydia
18. CAPE
19. Cholera
20. Anthracis (Poly D glutamate capsule)
21. Pertusis (via Gi)
22. E.coli (LT enterotoxin)
23. Some killers have pretty nice capsules
24. Strep. Pneumoniae
25. Klebsiella
26. HiB
27. Pseudamona Aeroginosa
28. Neisseria meningitis
29. Cryptococcus neoformans (only encapsulated
fungal pathogen)
30. Can Also Have Both Shapes
31. Cocciodes
32. Aspergillus
33. Histolpasma
34. Blastomyces
35. Sprothrix schenkii
36. OBED
37. O = Salmonella
38. B = Botulinum
39. E = Erythrogenic strep
40. D = Diptheria
41. Bacilus & Clostridium (have calcium dipicolinate)
42. Neisseria, Haemophilus, S. pneumoniae
43. Salmonella (Salmonella begins in the ileocecal
region) agglutination indicates Abs to O, H, Vi
Salmunella Ags
44. Yersinia
45. Person to person cf w/ Bubonic plaque that was
Page 42
Splenectomy
Invasins
Fusiform
S. viridans
Obligate Aerobes
Obligate Anaerobes
Staph aureus
Spirochetes
Non Motile Gram (+) Rods
Acid Fast Organisms
Pigment Producing Bacteria
Bacterial Morphology
Inclusion Bodies
Schistosoma Japonicum
Monsoni
Schistosoma Haematolium
Non Human Schistosom
Clonorchichis
Fasciola Hepatica
Fasciola Biski
Paragonimus Westermani
Oxidase (+)
Micro Aerophilic
Urease (+)
Coagulase (+)
Obligate Intracellular Bacteria
Protozoa
Obligate Non Intracellular
Parasites
Haemophilus Factors
All cocci are
Eaton Fried Eggs
Mycoplasma
Sabrands
Malassazia furfur
Measles 3Cs
Non Motile Bacilli & Clostridium
Bloody diarrhea agents
YW-135CA
Indian Ink
Naegleria causes
Need Cysyeine for growth
Hemolysis/Optochin Sensitive
Hemolysis/Optochin Resistant
Staph. Saprophyticus
Staph. Epidermidis
Hemolysis/Bacitracin
Sensitive
Hemolysis/Bacitracin
Resistant
EFII Ribosylation
Bacillus Anthracis: 3 toxins
(work via adenylate cyclase)
Woolsorters Disease
Grows in Rice
Clostridium Perfringens
Clostridium Difficile
Pseudo Hemaphrodite
Male Pseudo Hemaphrodite
HLA Genes Location
Parvovirus B19
Interferon MOA
Acute Hemorrhagic
Conjunctivitis
Parainfluenza Causes
Swimming Pool Conjunctivitis
RSV
Removed tonsils, find what
virus
Bone Fever
HbsAg
HbeAg
Anti-Hbc
Filamentous Bacteria
Listeria contaminates
Shiga like Toxin
Necrotizing Fasciitis
Relapsing Fever
Lofflers Medium
Chlamydiae Developmental
Cycle
Trench Fever
Spotted Fever Members
Thrush Txt
Rose Bush Thorns
Contact lens solution infection
Filiariasis Causant
Freshwater lake infection
Reduviid bug bite
Schistosoma Haematobium
causes
Schistosoma Mansoni causes
Snail, intermediate host of
Ixodes scapularis transmits
Nantucket Protozoa
Infection by Reduviid Bug
Infection by TseTse Fly
Infection by Sandfly
Paramyxovirus
Togavirus
Flaviviris
Bunyavirus
Diphtheria: ABCDEFG
Only ssDNA
Only dsRNA
Naked RNA
2 circular DNAs
BK
Hepadna, Retrovirus?
Picornovirus: PERCH
Hemorrhagic Fevers
Segmented viruses
Eclipse Phase
Latent Phase
Naked Capsid Virus
Enveloped Virus
Interferon
AIDS
AIDS
AIDS
AIDS
AIDS
AIDS
structural prots
regulatory prots
gp41 env prot
gp120 env prot
p17 gag prot
p24 gag prot
Nucleocapsid
A = Adeno
H = Herpes
H= Hepadna
P = Pox
P = Parvo
P = Papova
Brick. Rep
In Cyto
AH H PPP --- ico Rep in Nuc
SS
Circ
E
C = Calici
P = Picorno
R = Reo
F = Flavi
T = Toga
C = Corona
Bullet
A
Picorna
Acanthamoeba
Mucor, Rhizopus, Absidia
Cryptococcus Neoformans
Candida
Aspergillus Fumigatum
Cocciodes
F = Filo
O = Orthomyxo
R = Rhabdo
P = Paramyxo
A = Arena
B = Bunya
Anti sense
C
Flavi
D
Delta
E
Calici
Histoplasma Cap
Blastomycosis
Sporothrix Schenkii
PCP
Gram (-) Bugs w/ Exotoxins
Dermatophytes
Fever
Trichophyton: SHN
Microsporium: SH
Epidermophyton: SN
Tinea tavus: permanent hair loss
Diagnosis
Trophozoites or cysts in stool
Trophozoites or cysts in stool
Acid fast oocysts
Trophozoites or cysts in stool
Motile trophozoites
Fever Spike
Vivax
Benign 3 degrees
48h
Ovale
Benign 3 degrees
48h
Oval/Jagged
Malariae
4 degrees of Malarial
72hrregular
Crescent
Falciparum
Malignant 3 degrees
Transmission
Cysts
Cysts
Cysts
Cysts
Trophozoites
E. Histolitica
Giardia
Cryptosporidium
Balantium C.
Trichomonas V.
Miscellaneous
1. Fastest growing tumor Burkitts
2. PEs are found in half of all autopsies
3. Courvoisiers Law: tumors that obstruct the common bile duct cause enlarged gallbladders, but obstructing
gallstones do not (too much scarring), so if you can palpate the gallbladder youe probably looking at cancer.
4. Only DNA virus to replicate in cytoplasm: Pox
5. Only RNA virus to replicate in nucleus: Influenza
6. Bacillus anthracis has the only protein capsule
7. Bordetella pertussis (Whooping Cough) elicits lymphocytosis rather than granulocytosis
8. Bronchioalveolar carcinomas grow without destroying the normal architecture of the lung
9. Cryptococcus neoformans often lacks a capsule and, when stained with GMS, looks just like Pneumycistis
carinii , except that Cryptococcus lacks the prominent nucleoli.
10. Weil Felix reaction: (+)R. rickettssi & (+)Proteus vulgaris & P. mirabilis
11. Treponema pallidum (Syphilis) tests: 1)VDRL 2)FTA-Abs: most widely used 3)TPI (immobilization test most
expensive but the Gold Standard)
Cytokine
Source
Function
IL 1
12. Monocytes, macrophages
Stimulates T cell proliferation & IL2 produciton
IL 2
13. Macrophages, T & NK cells
Stim prolif of B, T & NK cell
IL 3
14. T cells
GF of tissue mast cells & hematopoietic stem cells
IL 4
15. T cells
growth of B & T cells/ HLA II Ags
IL 5
16. T cells
Maturation of B plasma cell
IL 6
17. T cells, monocytes
Maturation of B & T cell/ (-) fibroblasts
IFN
18. B cells, macrophages
Antiviral activity
IFN
19. Fibroblasts
Antiviral activity
IFN gamma 20. T & NK cells
Antiviral activity, (+) macrophages, HLA II Ags
TNF
21. Macrophages, T & NK cells
T cell prolif, IL 2 prod, cytotoxicity
TNF
22. T cells
T cell prolif, IL 2 prod, cytotoxicity
Chrom.
Associated Tumors
Page 50
VHL
APC
WT-1
Rb
BRCA-2
p53
NF-1
BRCA-1
DCC
DPC
NF-2
3p
5p
11p
13q
13q
17p
17q
17q
18q
18q
22q
Physio Equations:
Resistance in Series: Add all
Resistance in Parallel: Invert the answer
RENAL:
Filtration Fraction =
GFR
RPF
Clearance =
[Urine]xVel (Urine)
Excretion
or
[Plasma ]
[ Plasma ]
flow
ERPF
1 Hct
CARDIO:
CO = HR x SV
CO =
O 2(consumed )
PulmonaryA VO 2difference
Diastolic
CO =
MAP
TPR
LUNGS:
PAO2 = (760 47) FO2 -
PACO 2
R
Where:
Page 51
MAP = TPR x CO
F=
P1 P 2
R
FO2 = [O2]
Flow =
O 2consumed
AtoVO 2difference
Velgas Diffusion =
CO 2 produced
O 2consumed
.8 or 1
Area
x Gas Diffusion Constant x Difference of Partial
Thickness
Press
VentTot = VentTidal x #of Respirations
Compliance =
Vol
Pr ess
P=
Tension
Radius
Page 52
Diffusing Capacity =
New PO 2 = 170
COuptake
PACO 2