FIM 1113

Title: BELIEF IN THE LAST DAY

GROUP MEMBERS:
ARMA ZAKIAH AHMAD ZAKI (090599)
HAFIZATUL SALMA HARIF FATHILAH (101059)
ZULAIKHA MALIYA ZAINAL (106479)
NORHAFIZA HASSAN (113138)
LECTURERS NAME: MADAM ARIYANTI BT MUSTAPHA

INDEX
1. Introduction
2. Content
Belief in last day
3. Concept of Last Day in Western Perspective
Armageddon
Mayan calendar
4. The Context of Islamic Perspective
5. Comparison of Western & Islamic Perspectives
6. Conclusion
7. References

1
2
3-6
7-8
9-12
13-19
20
21-22

Introduction
We have been assigned a task about Belief in Last Day. More or less, we were discussing about
the concept of Last Day in western and Islamic perspectives through our research on Internet and
Al-Quran. We were asked to elaborate about the Last Day and analyze the concept in both
perspectives. The western perspective is viewed through their belief to Armageddon and Mayan
calendar while from Islamic perspective; Quran and Hadith are the main sources that we referred
to.

Belief in the Last Day

The Last Day is a time period described in the writings of the three Abrahamic
religions (Judaism, Christianity, and Islam) and in other non-Abrahamic religions. The Last Day
also known as End Times, End of Days, the Battle of That Great Day of God Almighty, Last
Judgement, Final Judgement, Judgement Day, the Day of the Lord or in Islam, it is known as
Yawm al-Qiyamah (the Day of Resurrection) or Yawm ad-Din (the Day of Judgment).

In Christianity, the End Times are often describe as a time of suffering that go before
the Second Coming of the Christian "savior" or a "hoped-for deliverer, Jesus, the
Christian Messiah, who will guide in the fullness of the Kingdom of God and bring an end to
suffering and evil and all things wrong with the current world which is tainted by Original Sin.

In Islam, Yawm al-Qiyamah (the Day of Resurrection) or Yawm ad-Din (the Day of
Judgement), is Allah's final judgment of humanity that will come by the end of the world.

In Judaism the term "End of Days" is a reference to the Messianic era and the Jewish
belief in the coming of Mashiach and the Olam Haba, which will usher in peace and unity for all
mankind, in the service of one God.
Various other religions also have beliefs associated with turning and redemption. Since
the advent of modern science in the 18th century, the discovery of deep time, and the age of the
Earth, the concept of an "End of Days" has been replaced in contemporary discourse with
questions about the ultimate fate of the universe. Most scientists believe that the "end time" will
finally occur hundreds of billions of years from now with the heat death of the universe.

Concept of Last Day in Western Perspective

Armageddon
The word Armageddon comes from two Hebrew words: Har Megiddo,
meaning "the hill of Megiddo." The Bible mentions Armageddon in only one
verse that means; grasp them, God brings certain people (armies) to

Megiddo, and the Bible says Armageddon is a gathering place, not an event
and not a battle. It is not referring to either the end of the world or the final
battle between good and evil, as so many believe
And He [God] gathered them together into a place called in the Hebrew
tongue Armageddon
(Rev.16:16)
Megiddo is a famous setting for several great slaughters through history. The first was
when Joshua overthrew it in the 1400s BC. Later, when Deborah was judging Israel, she ordered
Barak into battle there against the Canaanites, led by Sisera. Every soldier in Siseras army was
killed.
This valley has also seen military conflict in modern times. On September 19, 1918,
British General Edmund Allenby won a decisive battle there in World War I, defeating the
Ottoman Turks. This led directly to the birth in 1948 of todays nation of Israel.
Megiddo is identified as a place of historic conflicts because more battles have been
fought there than at any other place in the world, it has become symbolic like Waterloo,
Gettysburg or Normandy. There are few sayings relate to Armageddon in the bible.
The Bible predicts a period of seven trumpets blown; each announced
its own terrible event. Throughout history, trumpet blasts have been used as
warnings of imminent danger, such as war or another calamity (Zeph. 1:16;
Jer. 4:19; Ezek. 33:2-6).
However, the last trumpet will announce to the world that Jesus Christ is coming to
establish Gods rule on Earth and end mans governance. This final trumpet is the seven last

outbreaks (also bowls or vials of wrath) God will use to punish a rebellious mankind. Revelation
describes seven angels who pour out the vials of the wrath of God upon the earth (Rev. 16:1).
Revelation 16:14 states, For they are the spirits of devils (demons), working miracles,
which go forth unto the kings of the earth and of the whole world, to gather them to The Battle of
that Great Day of God Almighty. So then this is Gods battle! These spirits of devils are
fallen angels who followed Lucifer (now Satan) in rebellion against the Creator long ago(Isa.
14:12-14; Ezek. 28:12-17; Rev. 12:4).
In revelation 9:11, continuation events building toward Armageddon: And they (the final
revival of the Holy Roman Empire) had a king (a supreme ruler) over them, which is the angel of
the bottomless pit, whose name in the Hebrew tongue is Abbadon, but in the Greek tongue has
his name Apollyon.
The above-mentioned leader will be accompanied by a religious leader who, with the
power and influence of the devil, will perform mesmerizing, false miracles. When peoples of the
earth witness these, they will be deceived into thinking that this false system is of God and will
fight what we saw they will think to be invaders from outer space. The Beast and False Prophet
will drive their religious-political-economic-military system toward final confrontation.
The revived Holy Roman Empire, the Beast of Revelation will have already conquered
some parts of the Middle East. It will have established a position in Jerusalem. This king of the
north (Dan. 11:40) the same as the fourth beast of Daniel 7 will invade the Middle East under
the invention of bringing peace. Oil will also likely be a factor in prompting the Beast system
into seeking control of the region.

The world will have come to the point in world events that Jesus referred to: And except
those days should be shortened, there should no flesh be saved (left alive) (Matt. 24:22).
There is no battle predicted at Armageddo! What happens is called The Battle of That
Great Day of God Almighty. This is Gods battle. This last great clash will be fought by armies
that will have already gathered at Armageddon. These two major forces will obviously see Christ
coming out of the clouds. Considering Him a threat, they will join forces, forming an alliance to
fight their common adversary. These men will be angry. They will not submit to Gods
government. Repeating for crucial emphasis, these will think Jesus Christ is in fact the Antichrist. They will make war with the Lamb (17:14).
Christs feet will rest on the Mount of Olives outside Jerusalem. Notice Zechariah:
Behold, the day of the Lord comes...For I will gather all nations against Jerusalem to battle (not
Megiddo) and the city shall be taken, and the houses rifled, and the women overwhelmed and
half the city shall go onward into confinement, and the remainder of the people shall not be cut
off from the city. Then shall the Lord go forth, and fight against those nations, as when He fought
in the day of battle. And His feet shall stand in that day upon the Mount of Olives, which is
before Jerusalem on the east, and the Mount shall slice in the midst thereof... (14:1-4).
Joel: Proclaim you this among the Gentiles; prepare war, wake up the mighty men, let
all the men of war draw near; let them come up: beat your plowshares into swords, and your
trimming hooks into spears (the opposite of the famous Millennial prophecy in Micah and
Isaiah) let the weak say, I am strong. Assemble yourselves, and come (from Megiddo), all you
heathen, and gather yourselves together round about: there (outside Jerusalem) cause Your
mighty ones to come down, O Lord. Let the heathen be wakened, and come up (again, from

Megiddo) to the Valley of Jehoshaphat: for there (outside Jerusalem) will I sit to judge all the
heathen round about. Put you in the sickle, for the harvest is ripe: come, get you down; for the
press is full, the fats overflow [great slaughter is coming]; for their wickedness is great.
Multitudes in the valley of decision for the Day of the Lord is near in the valley of decision
(3:9-14).
The final battle to end mans rule on Earth is not named after Armageddon. This battle
also is not to be fought there. Rather, it happens outside Jerusalem. Christ is not going to bring
the battle to the individual nation; the battle will come to Him. The armies of the world will
literally march 60 miles south to be executed by Christ as He arrives on the Mount of Olives in
that day.
The truth is the battle at Jerusalem, was thought to be at Armageddon. There will be two
sides. One will be the men of the east and all who took the mark of the Beast. On the other are
Jesus Christ and His armies of angels.
All who truly want to follow and obey God still have time to qualify to join Christ in
what only begins with a terrible battle.

Mayan Calendar
The Mayans are a group of Native Americans lived in Mexican states
such as Yucatan and Tabasco. They kept time with a combination of several
cycles that meshed together to mark the movement of the sun, moon and
Venus. Their ritual calendar, known as the Tzolkin, was composed of 260
days. The word Tzolkin means count of days. The Tzolkin calendar
combines twenty day names represent the week which made up of thirteen
days of the cycle to produce 260 unique days. After the one to thirteen days,

it will start back on one. It is like our days which the week pairing with the
numbers of month. Those twenty days have their own name such as
IK(wind), KAN(maize), LAMAT(venus), CHUEN(monkey) and others.
The Mayan calendar actually uses three different dating systems in
parallel, the Long Count, the Tzolkin (divine calendar), and the Haab (civil
calendar). The main systems of the Mayan calendar that is relate to the last
day is the Long Count. The Long Count is a mixed of base-20 and base-18
representation of a number, representing the number of days since the start
of the Mayan era. Logically, the first date in the Long Count should be
0.0.0.0.0, but as the baktun (the first component) are numbered from 1 to 13
rather than 0 to 12, this first date is actually written 13.0.0.0.0. The long
count will again reach 13.0.0.0.0 which is on the next baktun( approximately
394 years) which the date fall on 21 December 2012. The Long Count
calendar, which is reset to day 0 every 1,872,000 days or 7057.5 years, and
the next reset date, by some calculations, is December 21, 2012.
This is where the popular belief that the last day will fall on this date
because they believe that that is the end date of the Mayan calendar so they
relate it with it with the end of the world. Their calendar is not infinite as
ours, means the calendar has the end of it which fall on the 21 December
2012, which is a date of historical significance and the end of a complete
time cycle. Since the Mayan calendar does not go further than 2012, they
predict that it is the end of the world. Since the Mayans is a great civilization,

there were astronomers during their time and they are good in astrological
such as when they predict the lunar eclipses using their calendar which is
true, so automatically they believed that the world will end in 2012 because
their calendar stop at that particular time.
The problem is that the Mayan calendar never directly states that the
world will end. Instead, it implies that it is simply the start of new world,
which is according to them the new baktun. So, it can be anything such as
the new world, unnecessary the last day, it can also be a weather shift or
anything else.
It is the people nowadays who make the prediction that the end of the
calendar signifies the last day simply because the Mayan calendar
assumptions about agriculture, solstices and others, previously is true so
some people believe that the 21 December 2012 assumption is also true.
There are some people who believe that this is just coincidence and
stated that there are some other people who assume it as miracles and
prophecies. The end of the calendar maybe is the new beginning of
something else. Other than that, there is no further evidence about the
Mayan calendar prediction.

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The Context of Islamic Perspective

Referring to the Quran and Hadith(s), all Muslims must have a firm belief that there is
the Last Day or Qiyamah. Muslims do not view this life as the end, but only as the start of the
next life. The role of the current life is to determine the next life. Afterwards, people will be
permanently reside and take their places whether in Paradise or Hell. The exact time when these
events are to occur is not specified, but there are major and minor signs that occur nearly the
time of Qiyamah. It is considered as a fundamental faith as it is one of the six Pillars of Iman.
There are three parts of believing in the Last day, which are to believe in the Resurrection,
Reckoning as well as Paradise and Hell.

Allah! There is no god but He: of a surety He will gather you together against the Day of Judgment,
about which there is no doubt. And whose word can be truer than Allah's?

(Surah Al-Nisa, 4:87)

The Resurrection happens when the Horn will be blown for the second time. Then,
mankind will be restored to life to face the questions by Allah. They will neither be wearing
shoes nor circumcised, and they will be naked and visible to others on this state. Nevertheless,
everyone will be absolutely preoccupied with what they are going to face and the hardship of the
Day of Resurrection.

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The Day that We roll up the heavens like a scroll rolled up for books (completed),- even as We
produced the first creation, so shall We produce a new one: a promise We have undertaken: truly
shall We fulfil it.

(Surah Al-Anbiya 21:104)

Next is to believe in the Reckoning. All resurrected humans and jinn will be judged by
Allah according to their deeds. Muslims are aware that the Day of reckoning will come. This is
the knowledge of Allah that He revealed the Books, sent the Messengers and give commands to
follow his commandment.

He that doeth good shall have ten times as much to his credit: He that doeth evil shall only be
recompensed according to his evil: no wrong shall be done unto (any of) them. (Surah Al-Anam, 6:160)

The Day of Judgment is described as passing over Hell on a narrow bridge in order to
enter Paradise. Those who fall, weighted by their bad deeds, will remain in Hell forever.
The Qur'an specifies two exceptions to this general rule:
1. Warriors who die fighting in the cause of God are ushered immediately to God's presence
(2:159 and 3:169); and

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2. "Enemies of Islam" are sentenced immediately to Hell upon death.

The final destination is eternity. They are either granted admission to Paradise, where
they will enjoy spiritual and physical pleasures forever, or condemned to Hell, the destination
and punishment that Allah prepared for unjust disbelievers to suffer spiritual and physical torture.
The Hadith give the view that the day of the judgment will be predicted by events
classified as the minor and major signs of the Last Day. The signs mentioned below are
considered authoritative, as described in the Qur'an, are those believed by all Muslims.
Minor signs are events of normal nature prophesied by our Prophet Muhammed to take place
before Qiyamah, among the signs are:
-

It is regarded as a shame to act on Quranic injunctions.

Untrustworthy people will be regarded as trustworthy and vice versa.
Hot in winter and cold in summer.
The length of days is stretched, as a few days is covered in a few hours.
Presenters lie openly.
People dispute over unimportant issues.
Oppression, jealousy and greediness become the order of the day.
People obviously follow their passions and whims.
Lies win over truth.
Violence, murder and anarchy become common.
Immorality overtakes shamelessness and is committed publicly.
Legislation matters affecting to the religion matters are hand over the worst elements of

Ummah.
The offspring become a cause of grief and anger for their parents.
People will indulge in homosexuality.
Various wines will be consumed excessively and others.

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Major signs are events of extraordinary nature prophesied by our Prophet to take place before
Qiyamah like all the events mentioned in the following Hadith :
Hudhaifa ibn Usayd narrated that the Prophet said, The last hour will not arrive till you
have seen these ten signs. He then mentioned the Smoke, Dajjal, Beast, Rising of the Sun from
the place of its setting, the Descent of Isa, Ya'juj Ma'juj, Three Landslides, one in the East , one
in the West and one in the Arabian Peninsula after that a Fire would spread from Yemen and
drive the people to their place of gathering.

(Muslim)

The majority of the minor signs have appeared while some are occurring and some will
appear with major signs.

Comparison of Western and Islamic Perspectives

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Reveal religions such Judaism and Christianity declared the same basic truths about
Allahs existence and His Lordship, but in the course of time, Christianity and Judaism had
undergo some corruption and changes in some beliefs about their Holy scripture revealed to them
before. However, when we compared at the Books of these religions in the light of Quran, we
will see that many true beliefs and moral values appropriate to revealed religion have survived
unbroken. These beliefs and values are held in common by all three revealed religions.

When we look at these common beliefs, we find that many Christians believe in the End
Times when Jesus will return to Earth for the second time. These Christians believe, based on
their own scripture, that the signs of the End Times have occurred one by one and that Jesus
second coming is near. In this regard, it is stated in the New Testament as thus:

As Jesus was sitting on the Mount of Olives, the disciples came to him privately. Tell us," they
said, "when will this happen, and what will be the sign of your coming and of the end of the age?
Jesus answered: "Watch out that no one deceives you. For many will come in my name,
claiming, 'I am Jesus, and will deceive many. (Matthew 24:3-5)

Here are some of the examples of similarity between the signs described in Christian scripture
and the hadiths:

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The Appearance of False Prophets and Mesiahs

For many will come in my name, claiming, I am Jesus, and will deceive many.
(Matthew,
24:5)

and many false prophets will appear and deceive many people. (Matthew, 24:11)

Recently Jim Jones, David Koresh and many other individuals have claimed to be the Messiah.
According to Christian interpretation, these false prophets will lead up for the coming of the last
false prophet-the Antichrist. In the hadiths, our Prophet said about this event:

The Last Hour will not come before there come forth thirty Dajjals (imposters),
each

presenting himself as an apostle of Allah. (Abu Dawud)

Wars

In the End Times, there will be reports of wars and conflicts in all parts of the world. These
events will become more frequent in the End Times and Christians interpret this as a sign.

You will hear of wars and rumors of wars, but see to it that you are not alarmed. Such
things must happen, but the end is still to come. (Matthew 24:6)
Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and
earthquakes in various places. (Matthew 24:7)

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More lives were lost in wars in the 20th century than at any other time in history. The use
of weapons of mass destruction (nuclear, chemical and biological) was predicted both in
Christian scriptures and in the hadiths.

At a time when the world will be in harj (utter confusion and disorder), fitna will appear, people
will be attacked(Al-Muttaqi al-Hindi, Al-Burhan fi `Alamat al-Mahdi Akhir az-Zaman, p. 12)

Famines (starvation)

Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and
earthquakes in various places. (Matthew 24:7)

In countries like Ethiopia and Sudan, famine has been a problem for years and has caused the
death of people of all ages. According to the report of the United Nations Food and Agriculture
Organization of the year 2000, 826 million people are starving. In other words, one in every six
people in the world is hungry. This is acknowledged both in Islamic sources and by Christians as
being an indication of the End Times. Famines and the spread of poverty are mentioned in the
hadiths as signs of the End Times:

The poor will grow in number. (Amal al-Din al-Qazwini, Mufid al-`Uulum wa Mubid alHumum)

there will be exceedingly stressful days and hunger will rule. (Muhammad ibn `Abd ar-Rasul
Barzanji, Al-Isha`ah li Ashrat as-Sa`ah, p. 220.)

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Earthquakes and Natural Disasters

Nation will rise against nation, and kingdom against kingdom. There will be famines and
earthquakes in various places. (Matthew 24:7)

Of course, there have always been earthquakes in the history of the world, but, as
Christians believe, the number will increase as Jesus return comes near. The rate of brutal
earthquakes in the last few years puts them high up in public awareness. According to data
released by the American National Earthquake Center in 1999, there were 20,832 earthquakes of
small or great magnitude in the world.

An estimated 22,711 individuals lost their lives in these earthquakes. When we look at
the past, there were far fewer earthquakes; according to a report of the United States Geological
Society (USGS), in the approximately 400 years between the 1556 and 1975, there were only
110 whose magnitude was 5.0 or more. Since the 1990s countless tropical storms, hurricanes
and tornadoes have occurred and winds have reached speeds of more than 200 mph. The hadiths
said that natural disasters such as earthquakes and hurricanes are signs of the End Times:

The Hour (Last Day) will not be established until ... earthquakes will be very frequent. (Bukhari)

There are two great hadiths before the Day of Judgment... and then years of
earthquakes. (Narrated by Umm Salama)

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The Spread of Heretical Philosophies

Christians believe that there will be a separation from the Christian faith in the Last Days. Many
denominations will abandon the basic teachings of the gospel as New Age practices, eastern
religions, meditation, reincarnation, astrology, communicating with the dead, idolatry and magic.

The Spirit clearly says that in later times some will abandon the faith and follow deceiving
spirits and things taught by demons. Such teachings come through hypocritical liars, whose
consciences have been seared as with a hot iron. They forbid people to marry and order them to
abstain from certain foods, which God created to be received with thanksgiving by those who
believe and who know the truth. (1 Timothy, 4:1-3)

This situation is also mentioned in the hadiths:

all of the prohibitions are regarded as lawful (Ibn Hajar al-Haythami, Al-Qawl al-Mukhtasar
fi `Alamat al-Mahdi al-Muntazar, p. 23.)

The Hour will come when people will believe in the stars and reject Qadar (the Divine Decree of
destiny). (Al-Haythami, Kitab al-Fitan)

The Rapid Spread of Evil-Doing

The cruelty, terrorism, murders, assaults, cheating, drug use, torture, alcoholism, robbery,
resentment, rebellions and homosexuality that characterizes our time has become excessively
widespread. Christian scripture says that this is a sign of the End Times:

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Because of the increase of wickedness, the love of most will grow cold. (Matthew, 24:12)
But mark this: There will be terrible times in the last days. People will be lovers of themselves,
lovers of money, boastful, proud, abusive, disobedient to their parents, ungrateful, unholy,
without love, unforgiving, slanderous, without self-control, brutal, not lovers of the good,
(2

Timothy,

3:1-3)

When we look at the hadiths concerning the End Times, we read the following of this process of
degeneration:

There will be years of deceit, in which a truthful person will be disbelieved and a liar will be
believed. (Ibn Kathir)

The Hour (Last Day) will not be established until murders will increase.(Bukhari)

Signs in the Sun and in the Stars

There will be signs in the sun, moon and stars (Luke, 21:25)

According to Christian scripture, this sign that will be seen in the sun might the huge explosion
that happened in the 20th century. The solar eclipse of August 11, 1999, was the last total eclipse
of the 20th century. This was the first time that so many people had the opportunity to witness an
eclipse that lasted for so long. The words of our Prophet in the hadiths mentioned that :

There will be a sign from the sun. may refer to this event. (Allah knows the truth).

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All the signs of the Last Day are recorded in Islamic and in Christian scripture and there is the
expectation of a savior and Messiah. The Last Day is a holy period in which religious morality
will govern the Earth, Islam will return to its essence and be widely practiced under the
leadership of Mahdi; it will also be a period in which the Christian world will participate in this
continual rule of morality through the agency of Jesus. This period will end with the coming of
the Golden Age. In this regard, Christian scripture says:

When these things begin to take place, stand up and lift up your heads, because your redemption
is drawing near. (Luke, 21:28)

In the Quran, Allah announces to all believers the reign of this moral goodness:

Allah has promised those of you who believe and do right actions that He will make them
successors in the land as He made those before them successors, and will firmly establish for
them their religion with which He is pleased and give them, in place of their fear, security.
They worship Me, not associating anything with Me. Any who do not believe after that, such
people are deviators. (Surat an-Nur, 55)

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Conclusion
From what we had viewed from all the sources used, we can conclude that most religions belief
that the world is not permanent and everything going to be an end someday without our
knowledge or prediction of when it is. Indeed, Abrahamic religions that consist of Islam,
Christianity and Judaism have a strong belief that the Lord of Almighty will destroy this world
based on His command to the angel and will face the next stage of life that is more eternity. We
will somehow going to be in Paradise or Hell based on our deeds in the world. As a Muslim, we
should not having a doubt towards the Last Day, because it is one of the Pillars of Iman. We need
no believe, and aware that what we do in this world will affecting our forever life in the
Hereafter. Lastly, we need to convince ourselves and others that we must behave and live
appropriately and remember our aim in this world is to attain Allahs love and pleasure.

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References
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Islamic Beliefs about the Afterlife. (n.d.). Retrieved March 13,2012 from
http://www.religionfacts.com/islam/beliefs/afterlife.htm
Ali, S. A. (Copyright 2001). Major Signs Before the Day of Judgement.
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Authentic Islamic Resources and Information. (2003, June 26). Explanation of the Pillars of
Eeman. In Belief In the Last Day (chap. 7). Retrieved from
http://www.ahya.org/amm/modules.php?name=Content&pa=showpage&pid=25
Yahya, H. (2008, July 31). The Christian view of the signs of the end times.
Retrieved March 14, 2012 from
http://harunyahya.com/en/Makaleler/8534/The_Christian_view_of_the_signs_of_the_end
_times
The Mayan Calendar.(n.d). Retrieved from
www.webexhibits.org/calendars/calendar-mayan.html
The Maya Calendar.(n.d). Retrieved from www.criscenzo.com/jaguarson/calendar.html

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Mayans Calendar is the strongest piece of evidence.(January 25, 2012). Retrieved from
www.2012-endoftheworld.com/2012/01/25/mayans-calendar-is-the-strongest-piece-ofevidence/
Islamic view of the Last Judgement. (n.d.) In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 14, 2012, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamic_view_of_the_Last_Judgment
End time. (n.d.) In Wikipedia. Retrieved March 13, 2012, from
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/End_time

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