Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Asia Pacific 2020, The Economy & Military Global Stage
Asia Pacific 2020, The Economy & Military Global Stage
TASNIM ILMIARDHI
Energy Legal Practitioner, Jakarta, Indonesia
tasnim.ilmiardhi@yahoo.com
ASIA PASIFIC 2020|TASNIM ILMIARDHI|2016 | Page | 0
4/29/2016
Asia Pacific 2020, The Economic and Military Global Stage
By:
TASNIM ILMIARDHI
Energy Legal Practitioner
Jakarta, Indonesia
tasnim.ilmiardhi@yahoo.com
The stage
Asia Pacific will be the main driver of global growth and as a center of
economic growth, for the next decade. More than half the world's
population lives in this region, along with the accompanying dynamics.
From the aspect of the economy, the Asia Pacific region is a potential
market, distribution channels and crossings (silkroad / the Silk Road),
the concentration of natural resources and energy, and finance. For the
sea lanes in the region is the densest sea traffic (the maritime silkroad).
The ability of countries in the region out of the global financial crisis in
1998 and 2009, shows the durability and the potential benefits of these
countries.
Various alliances and pacts, both economic, military or both, established among countries of the
region, the APEC (Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation), BRICS (Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South
Africa), SCO (Shanghai Cooperation Organization), ASEAN (Association of Southeast Asian Nations),
AEC (ASEAN Economic Community), the FTAAP (Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific) and TPP (Trans-
Pacific Partnership).
Data from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) World Economic Outlook, released 14 April 2016,
the GDP of the Asia-Pacific is estimated at 59.556 per cent of world GDP, equivalent to USD
46,370.280 billion figure of the global GDP of USD 77.825
TABLE 1
Population in GDP 2016
No Country Population GDP 2016
(%)
1 China 1,306,148,035 6.9
2 India 1,065,070,607 7.8
3 United States 297,336,946 2.7
4 Indonesia 259,966,894 5.3
5 Brazil 184,101,109 -2.5
CIA World Factbook (2014); World Bank 2016; Asian Development Bank (ADB) 2016
Meanwhile, according to the Asian Development Bank (ADB), for the Asian region will contribute 2.3
per cent of global GDP growth is expected to average 4 percent, that is, the area will be able to
contribute to world GDP growth of nearly 60 percent per year.
Increased state spending also resulted in increased military spending of a country. Apart from the
ongoing regional conflict, the military expenditure of a country will have an impact on increasing
awareness around the country, following an increase in its military budget as well. Giving the
impression of a surge in military spending in the region.
The dynamics that are happening in Asia Pacific made the Asia Pacific region as the most important
region in the world economy and the most complete on the military aspects, even for the next two
decades, Asia Pacific is the stage that has just started the show.
TABLE 2
Indonesia Selected Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Real GDP growth, at constant market prices 6.0 5.6 5.0 4.7 5.3 5.5
• Private consumption 5.5 5.4 5.3 4.7 5.2 5.2
• Government consumption 4.5 6.9 2.0 2.1 3.2 4.5
• Gross fixed capital investment 9.1 5.3 4.1 3.7 5.0 5.8
• Exports, goods and services 1.6 4.2 1.0 -0.2 4.7 5.7
• Imports, goods and services 8.0 1.9 2.2 -3.2 3.6 5.9
Inflation (consumer price index) 4.0 6.4 6.4 6.8 5.5 5.0
Current account balance (% of GDP) -2.7 -3.2 -3.1 -2.0 -2.6 -2.7
Fiscal balance (% of GDP) -1.8 -2.2 -2.2 -2.5 -2.5 -2.5
Poverty rate ($1.90 a day, 2011 PPP terms) 11.8 9.9 8.3 7.2 5.9 4.8
Poverty rate ($3.10 a day, 2011 PPP terms) 41.9 39.7 36.7 34.8 32.5 30.2
World Bank 2016
Although it is expected to slow, but Asia Pacific will remain the center of global economic growth.
World Bank report shows that growth in East Asia and the Pacific will only be slowed down in 2016-
2018. The rate of growth in East Asia and Pacific region is expected to slow from 6.5 percent in 2015
to 6.3 percent in 2016 and 6.2 percent in 2017-2018.
This forecast reflects China's transition towards a more sustainable growth however slowed down.
Growth in China is estimated at 6.7 percent in 2016 and 6.5 percent in 2017, slower compared to 6.9
percent growth in 2015.
The World Bank’s data said that developing countries in East Asia and the Pacific continue to
contribute greatly to global growth. This area covers nearly two-fifths or 40 percent of world
economic growth in 2015, more than twice that of the whole region more development. This area is
helped by careful macroeconomic policies, including an attempt to increase domestic revenue in
some commodity exporting countries.
Great for Southeast Asia, growth prospects in the Philippines and Vietnam the most powerful, the
two countries are expected to grow more than 6 percent in 2015. Indonesia's economic growth is
estimated to reach 5.1 percent in 2016 and 5.3 percent in 2017, depending the success of the reform
package of policies and the implementation of an ambitious public investment program.
Growth is estimated to have slowed to 6.4 percent in 2015, and is expected to decline to 6.3 on
average in 2016-2018, reflecting the gradual slowdown in China and sluggish recovery in the rest of
the region.
Growth is expected to be increased modestly in Indonesia and Malaysia in 2016-2018, due to the
political tension eased in Malaysia, and the implementation of reforms to spur investment growth in
Indonesia. In Thailand, growth is expected to remain weak, at 2 to 2.7 per cent in 2016-2018, as
political uncertainties continue to weigh on private investment, and high household debt limit
private consumption.
• South Asia
Acceleration of growth is projected at 7.5 percent in 2016-18, from 7.0 per cent in 2015, the fastest
pace among all developing regions. The decline in oil prices has increased the confidence of
investors and consumers, as well as domestic policy reforms in India and Pakistan that could reduce
vulnerability.
Domestic risks include stalling the reform process and political tensions in several countries in the
region. High levels of non-performing loans on bank balance sheets remains a challenge for financial
stability and the supply of credit to productive investment. External risks come from potential
volatility amid tightening global financial conditions and weaker remittances from the Council of the
Gulf Cooperation Countries (GCC).
Growth estimated to be 2.5 percent in 2015, unchanged from 2014. Among oil exporters, most of
the growth slowdown or even negative in 2015. However, an exception to Iraq, where oil production
has increased even while experiencing security problems. Oil exporters grapple with the economic
conditions as a consequence of low oil prices; and most oil importers have benefited a lot.
Despite lower oil prices, growth in the region will accelerate growth above 5 percent in 2016-2018. It
is based on the improvement and the strong recovery in the Islamic Republic of Iran, which
experienced the greatest economic development in the region. It is as a result of international
agreements to suspend or remove sanctions on trade and international financial transactions,
beginning in 2016, which is an important contributing factor to the economy of Iran.
The agreement was present to give a positive effect on neighboring countries import oil, but may
have negative effects on the development of oil exporters in the region if additional oil production
and exports put pressure on international oil prices. Risks arise from low oil prices and domestic
security protracted.
• Turkey
Economic activity in Turkey will benefit from lower energy prices on the world, but will face
headwinds from rising export demand (including the negative effects of sanctions Russia) and tight
external financing conditions. Regional growth is projected to strengthen to an average 3.0 percent
in 2016 and 3.5 percent in 2017-2018, partly helped by the ongoing European Region of recovery,
although there are some downside risks, including the possibility of escalation of geopolitical
tensions and continued recession in Russia and Ukraine.
While from the Asian Development Bank (ADB), in its annual report said, countries large economies
in Asia will grow over 6 percent this year and 2016. According to the Asian Development Outlook
2015, India is expected to overtake China in terms of economic growth, if Indian government
continues to work to eliminate structural barriers to boost investor confidence. India's economic
growth in 2016 could reach 8 percent, while China only touched 7 percent.
TABLE 4
Top Ranking World GDP 2016
GDP Nominal (US$ billions)
Rank Country/Economy
Share
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021
(%)
1 United States 18,558.130 23.846 19,285 20,145 21,016 21,874 22,766
2 China 11,383.030 14.626 12,263 13,338 14,605 16,144 17,762
3 Japan 4,412.600 5.670 4,514 4,562 4,676 4,800 4,895
4 Germany 3,467.780 4.456 3,592 3,697 3,822 3,959 4,066
5 United Kingdom 2,760.960 3.548 2,885 2,999 3,123 3,256 3,374
6 France 2,464.790 3.167 2,538 2,609 2,700 2,804 2,895
7 India 2,288.720 2.941 2,488 2,725 3,007 3,315 3,660
8 Italy 1,848.690 2.375 1,902 1,943 1,994 2,051 2,092
9 Brazil 1,534.780 1.972 1,556 1,609 1,677 1,749 1,829
10 Canada 1,462.330 1.879 1,531 1,596 1,667 1,740 1,804
11 Korea 1,321.200 1.698 1,379 1,435 1,499 1,566 1,629
12 Russia 1,132.740 1.455 1,268 1,355 1,447 1,531 1,608
13 Australia 1,200.780 1.543 1,262 1,330 1,399 1,469 1,536
14 Spain 1,242.360 1.596 1,291 1,332 1,380 1,433 1,476
15 Mexico 1,082.430 1.391 1,167 1,228 1,300 1,381 1,467
16 Indonesia 936.955 1.204 1,024 1,110 1,193 1,292 1,428
17 Netherlands 762.521 0.980 794 821 851 885 914
18 Turkey 751.186 0.965 791 834 883 935 986
19 Switzerland 651.770 0.837 665 676 691 709 722
20 Saudi Arabia 618.274 0.794 660 700 741 778 813
International Monetary Fund World Economic Outlook (14-April-2016)
China's growth rate is expected to reach 7.2 percent in 2015 and 7.0 percent in 2016 is still
considered to be relatively healthy. Several reform measures are being run by the government will
have an impact on state-owned enterprises and the financial sector. Everything has the potential to
increase productivity.
But barriers will happen if some of these reforms are not done properly, or if growth in the US or
Europe is slowing down, or even if oil prices rise again at the level that is not expected.
ADB projected that Indonesia's economic growth reached 5.2 percent in 2016, higher than 4.8
percent in 2015. Then in 2017, economic growth in 2017 is predicted to reach 5.5 percent.
Indonesia's economic growth expected to rise again this year, as consumers and investors responded
positively to the Government's efforts to improve public investment and structural reforms.
Indonesia's economy is currently influenced by China. China's economic growth is likely to slow
down, to impact the rate of growth of the Indonesian economy. One per cent of China's economic
growth, then it will have an impact on economic growth of 0.11 per cent of Indonesia.
TABLE 5
East Asia and Pacific GDP growth projections
Region 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Of the ten countries that have the largest reserves in the world, seven countries are among the
countries in Asia, and five among Asian countries in East Asia, these countries are China, Japan,
Republic of China (Taiwan), South Korea and Singapore. The countries, a significant impact on Asian
economies. Economic and political conditions and policies issued by the countries, a concern for
neighboring countries.
China as the most populous country and the largest reserves in the world into one of the economic
driving Asia Pacific. With foreign exchange reserves amounted to US $ 3,771,347 million and a
population of 1,306,148,035 inhabitants and GDP of USD 10,360.1 billion, China is a potential market
and it is expected most of the countries in the world.
TABLE 6
TOP COUNTRY
FOREIGN-EXCHANGE RESERVE & EXPORT-IMPORT
Foreign
Exchange Export Import Remark/
Rank Country (USD Billions) (USD Billions) Figures as of
Reserves/FER
(USD Millions)
1 China 3,771,347 2,34 1,96 FER Jun 2015
In addition, Asia-Pacific is the region with the largest population in the world. China, India, United
States, Indonesia and Brazil are the countries with the largest population in the world and is a
potential market for world trade.
TABLE 7
China-India-Russia
China and India are the force that is dominant in Asia. While Russia is also a Pacific rim countries.
Russia counts as a newcomer in the ASEAN and Asia-Pacific markets, which have to compete with
the other two superpowers, the US and China, to penetrate the Asian market. Joining India in the
strategic security cooperation pact of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) led by Russia
and China have made the Asia Pacific region are becoming increasingly strategic in the world political
escalation, in addition to the economic potential that remains dominant.
TABLE 8
India Selected Indicators (%) 2015 2016 2017
GDP Growth 7.6 7.4 7.8
Inflation 5.0 5.4 5.8
Current Account Balance (share of GDP) -1.3 -1.6 -1.8
Asian Development Bank (ADB) 2016
India is a country to have strategic and economic bilateral cooperation with China. In 2015, India
conducted economic agreements with China with a value of USD 100 trillion and USD 3 billion,
including for aircraft sector, telecommunications and infrastructure.
FIGURE 1
India is restricting imports of foreign arms and strengthen national production, but to address the
geopolitical dynamics of the region, India has doubled the purchase of weapons systems from
abroad in the last five years. Russia (70 percent) is the largest supplier of weaponry India, followed
by the USA (14 percent) and Israel (4.5 percent). In addition to fighter jets, India many buy warships
and submarines from Russia country.
As for Russia and China under the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) is a form of cooperation
to strengthen political and economic relations.
TABLE 9
China Selected Indicators 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Real GDP growth, at constant market prices 7.7 7.7 7.3 6.9 6.7 6.5
• Private consumption 8.4 7.8 7.6 8.0 8.3 8.6
• Government consumption 8.6 8.1 7.2 8.0 8.0 8.0
• Gross fixed capital investment 9.5 8.1 6.7 5.6 4.9 4.1
• Exports, goods and services 3.9 6.9 6.5 5.4 5.0 4.6
• Imports, goods and services 5.3 7.2 5.9 4.5 4.2 3.9
Inflation (consumer price index) 2.6 2.6 2.1 1.3 1.3 1.3
Current account balance (% of GDP) 2.6 2.2 2.5 3.5 3.9 3.6
Fiscal balance (% of GDP) 0.0 -1.1 -1.9 -2.8 -1.9 -1.1
Poverty rate ($1.90 a day, 2011 PPP terms) 6.7 5.3 4.1 3.2 2.5 1.9
Poverty rate ($3.10 a day, 2011 PPP terms) 20.0 17.3 14.8 12.8 10.9 9.3
World Bank 2016
For Russia, China is becoming a major market in the arms trade and energy commodities. There has
also been successfully introduced Russia to the countries of the Asia-Pacific that directly would bring
economic benefits to Russia.
For China, the cooperation undertaken by Russia to produce energy for the fulfillment of China with
low price, stable, and in the long term. Russia is a supplier of energy commodities is an essential
In short, for China energy is an important requirement for economic growth, while for Russia energy
is power in achieving geopolitical goals. In addition, the United Nations (UN), Russia to China is a
country that still has the international influence and have veto power. Russia required the existence
of related Chinese veto against UN resolutions or decisions that harm China, and vice versa.
FIGURE 2
2000
1500
GDP
1000
Russia in
billion
500 U.S.
dollars
0
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
www.statista.com
TABLE 10
Russia Economy Data 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
Population (million) 143 143 144 144 144
GDP per capita (USD) 13,192 14,289 15,34 15,39 8,181
GDP (USD bn) 1,886 2,048 2,204 2,212 1,176
Economic Growth 4.3 3.5 1.3 0.7 -3.7
(GDP, annual variation in %)
Consumption (annual variation in %) 6.8 7.4 4.4 1.5 -9.6
Investment (annual variation in %) 10.2 6.0 0.9 -2.6 -7.6
Industrial Production 5.1 3.4 4.0 1.6 3.4
(annual variation in %)
Retail Sales (annual variation in %) 6.9 6.5 3.9 2.7 -9.7
Unemployment Rate 6.6 5.5 5.5 5.2 5.6
Fiscal Balance (% of GDP) 0.8 0.0 -0.7 -0.6 -2.8
Public Debt (% of GDP) 9.5 10.5 11.4 13.2 13.6
Money (annual variation in %) 22.3 11.9 14.6 2.3 11.5
Inflation Rate 6.1 6.5 6.5 11.4 12.9
(CPI, annual variation in %, eop)
Inflation Rate 8.4 5.1 6.8 7.8 15.5
(CPI, annual variation in %)
Inflation (PPI, annual variation in %) 12.0 5.1 3.7 5.9 10.7
Policy Interest Rate (%) 5.25 5.50 5.50 17.00 11.00
Stock Market (annual variation in %) -21.9 10.5 -5.5 -45.2 -4.3
Exchange Rate (vs USD) 32.02 30.48 32.73 56.26 72.88
Exchange Rate (vs USD, aop) 29.67 30.36 30.03 35.24 68.73
Current Account (% of GDP) 5.2 3.5 1.5 2.7 5.9
Current Account Balance (USD bn) 98.8 71.3 34.1 59.5 69.6
Trade Balance (USD billion) 197 192 181 190 149
Increasingly familiar with the relationship between China and Russia, the more open the possibility
of cooperation between the two countries in various fields, and will be even greater increase
alertness US, Russia or China than if each walk alone. Since 2014, China has built five artificial islands
in the South China Sea to increase its power projection in the Pacific. Chinese battleships and fighter
jets of Chinese maritime patrol in the middle of Asia Pacific in response to movement of the Air
Force and the US Navy in the region.
The rate of economic growth impact on increasing the strength of the defense and military spending,
in addition to geopolitical conflicts that have a direct impact on the stability of the region. Even the
increasing global geopolitical tensions, the Asia Pacific region will solidify its position as a major
player in military spending in 2020. The long process in military modernization will be the main
political agenda in a number of countries in the region.
TABLE 11
Tensions in the region, especially in the South China Sea is believed to contain oil and gas reserves
are abundant and the conflict of the Korean peninsula as the main drivers of geopolitical tensions.
The data of The Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) said that global military
spending reached USD 1.67 trillion in 2015, this figure rose by 1 per cent from 2014.
TABLE 12
MILITARY EXPENDITURE
ASIA & OCEANIA 2015
Spending Change (%)
Region 2015
(USD bio) 2014–15 2006–15
Asia and Oceania 436 5.4 64
Central and South Asia 68.0 0.9 44
East Asia 302 5.7 75
Oceania 25.8 7.7 30
South East Asia 39.7 8.8 57
STOCKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (SIPRI) April 2016
Total military spending in the Asia Pacific region from SIPRI data is released April 2016, for the year
2015 reached USD 436 billion. The figure increased by 5.4 percent from 2014, and increased 64
percent when calculated in the decade starting in 2006.
For ASEAN, Indonesia, Vietnam and the Philippines, showed sizable increased in military spending in
2015. Conflict South China Sea and the Korean Peninsula is the reason for increased military budget.
The figure will continue to rise, and is expected to reach US$ 533 billion at the end of this decade in
2020, as predicted by the issuing company specialist British military base, IHS Jane's. In a report
released on Sunday (21/02/2016), the IHS Janes's also predicted that countries in the Asia Pacific
region will make effective use of defense funds in early 2020, increasing from the decade of 2010.
China is at the top in 2010 with the military spending of US$ 134 billion which is 40 percent of
defense spending Asia Pacific, while for the year 2015 military spending China increased to US$ 191
billion which is 43 percent of defense expenditures Asia Pacific, and China is expected to remain is in
the top position until 2020.
However, military spending is predicted to continue static Japan. Likewise, South Korea will not
pursue China's increased spending is soaring annually. Interestingly, in Southeast Asia, Indonesia, the
Philippines, and Vietnam will enter the list of 10 countries that experienced a rapid increase in 2015.
Indonesia's defense budget has increased, which is 12.46 percent and the Philippines by 20 percent,
in the period 2014 to 2015.
Asia emerged with good prospects for a more positive and stable. Military spending in the Asia
Pacific region is expected to grow from USD415.6 billion in 2014 to USD547.1 billion in 2020: more
than 30% of the global total. Asia Pacific seen increased spending from 21.6% in 2009 to 26% in 2014
driven by China, India, and resurgent growth in emerging markets in Southeast Asia. It is estimated
that by 2020 the combined defense spending in Asia Pacific will surpass the United States and more
than twice that of the European Union (EU).
Economic expansion in Asia will continue to form the basis of further growth in military spending,
strategic issues will motivate increased investment in the defense sector in a number of countries.
Despite the gradual slowdown continued to occur in the economic performance of China, but Beijing
announced an increase in the defense budget in February 2014 at a nominal 12.2%, the largest
increase since 2011. The firm position of China in the region, triggering Japan's decision to increase
its defense budget in 2014 and 2015.
In July 2014, the allocation of the core defense budget of India for the year 2014-2015 was revised
upwards to INR2.29 trillion (USD38.8 billion) in the first budget of the new government of the
Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP), providing further evidence that the new government intends
strengthen India's military and more specifically the acceleration of procurement activities.
While the growth in South Korea's defense budget fell to its lowest level for five years in 2014, while
for the budget in 2015, showed growth to 4.9%. Based on the current government projections,
South Korea will be surpassed Australia to become the fourth largest expenditure on defense in the
Asia Pacific region in 2015, behind China, Japan, and India.
Indonesia also emerged after getting out of a period of chronic underfunding and have seen the
defense budget expanded rapidly in the last five years. While the 2015 budget - increased by 14% in
nominal terms to IDR95 trillion (USD8.1 billion) although it remains open to revision by the new
government in Jakarta, Joko Widodo President reiterated the government's intention to improve
Indonesia's defense spending at 1.5% of GDP for five next year from 0.9% currently.
US military stationed in more than 150 countries worldwide. Approximately 173,000 personnel from
a total of approximately 1.373 million, being active personnel who work outside the United States
and territory-territory. Most foreign personnel have deployed to conflict zones in the Middle East as
part of the War on Terror undergoing active fighting in Afghanistan. Most of the rest are placed in
installations that are activated during the Cold War with the Soviet Union after World War II.
The plan the United States would shift 60 percent of its military forces to the Asia Pacific region until
2020. A total of 200 US troops have arrived in Australia since April 2012 and as the first wave of
2,500 troops planned until the year 2017.
The placement of thousands of US troops in Darwin this indicates a shift in global strategy is very
significant. Most likely the US will use the remote Cocos Island as a US military base. The plan would
put the US military fighter aircraft manned and unmanned known as the Global Hawk.
TABLE 13
War Zone
Afganistan 63.000
Iraq 217 Special forces
Syriah 300 300 Special forces
Africa and Midle East
Kuwait 15.000
Bahrain 2.902 23 2.316 534 29 5th fleet
Qatar 800 377 7 226 190
Diego Garcia 516 0 480 0 36 5th fleet
Egypt 292 217 19 26 30
Saudi Arabia 278 154 22 25 77
Uni Emirat Arab 193 13 13 73 94
The US and Australian government wants military cooperation the realization of a better future. The
US presence in the Asia Pacific region may increase stability in the region, also in order to establish
the existence of military bases along the equator in order to expand US military dominance in the
world.
Australia's military continues to follow the dynamics of the region and many have been government
with weapons purchases figure which increased 65 percent in the last five years. Most serious
project land of kangaroos it is buying 72 stealth fighter jet F-35 from the US for $ 12.4 billion.
In addition, Australia has ordered 12 units of new submarines with a value of 39 billion US dollars.
The defense contractor DCNS France won the tender competition from Japan and Germany on this
fantastic contract. The Australian government said, this contract is a contract of the largest and most
complex in the history of the country.
The Australian Government calls, ordered the submarine Barracuda is kind shortfin weighing 4,700
tons. This submarine has a powerful performance sensors and reconnaissance-specific
characteristics, but affordability and durability is maintained. Australia's submarine submarine
completes competition in Asia Pacific.
Reasons Australian naval fleet complement to the submarine because of the escalation of
geopolitical conflict in the Asia Pacific region is growing, along with the military capacity of the
countries in the region. A total of 12 countries in the region already have submarines and at least
eight countries want to buy a new or replacing the submarines. War defense strength is somewhat
due to economic growth.
The existence of a submarine is a vital requirement of the combat power of the sea. The submarine
is a significant bat in a sea battle. Fleets of a country not yet daunting without the submarine, but
the submarine without anti-aircraft capabilities, it will only be a 'sitting duck', just be lying in wait
discovered and destroyed.
FIGURE 6
United States and Russia also are citizens of the Asia-Pacific, even both have the Pacific Fleet, each
based in Hawaii and Vladivostok. Not only in the past, until now also powers Sea Fleet of the two
countries are still mutually reconnaissance and measure capabilities in the waters of the Asia Pacific
region, as reflected in the case of intrusion defense perimeter convoy USS Abraham Lincoln Carrier
Battle Group (CBG) by submarine Russia Kursk (K -141) in the mid-1990s without being detected by
ships their face.
Currently for the US Pacific Fleet (United States Pacific Fleet / USPACFLT) can be referred to as 'naval
power most able, ready, and significant in the world'- and the power of being able to maintain
‘rebalance’ of Asia. This fleet is a theater-level component command of the Pacific Ocean from the
United States Navy which provides naval forces of the US Pacific Command. The fleet is
headquartered at Naval Station Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, with a large secondary facilities in North
Island, Bay of San Diego in the Mainland. Pacific Fleet was formed in 1907 when the Asiatic Squadron
and the Pacific Squadron rolled into one.
TABLE 14
United States Pacific Fleet (USPACFLT)
U.S. NAVY 3rd Fleet
Responsible for the east and north Pacific including the Bering Sea and Aleutian Islands are an
important line of trade for the US and its Allies. Based at Naval Base Point Loma. 3rd Fleet is part of the
U.S. Pacific Fleet (USPACFLT). Fleet-3 was formed during World War II by Admiral Halsey. The mission
assigned to the 3rd fleet includes the prevention of regional conflicts and in peacetime operations serve
to train the personnel. Operations 3rd fleet is equipped with 5 types of nuclear-powered aircraft carrier
Nimitz class.
Name Type Remarks
USS Nimitz (CVN-68) • Capacity 90 fixed wing and
helicopters
• Operation Evening Light, Operation
Earnest Will,Operation Desert
Storm,Operation Iraqi Freedom,
Operation Enduring Freedom
USS Carl Vinson (CVN-70) • Capacity 90 fixed wing and
helicopters
• Placed at Western Pacific,Sea of
Japan
• Operation Earnest Will, Persian Gulf
support for Operation Southern
Watch, Operation Desert Strike,
Operation Enduring Freedom,
Operation Iraqi Freedom.
USS Abraham Lincoln (CVN-72) • Capacity 90 fixed wing and
helicopters
• Cost of build US$ 4.726 billion
• Placed at Western Pacific
• Operation Desert, Shield/Desert
Storm, Operation Fiery Vigil,
Operation Restore Hope, Operation
Vigilant Sentinel, Operation Infinite
Reach, Operation Enduring Freedom,
Operation Unified Assistance.
USS John C. Stennis (CVN-74) • Capacity 90 fixed wing and
helicopters
• Operation Southern Watch,
Operation Enduring Freedom,
Operation New Dawn.
USS Ronald Reagan (CVN-76) • Capacity 90 fixed wing and
USPACOM is the command of the defense oldest and largest of the ten joint combat command in
the United States. Headquartered on the island of O'ahu in Honolulu, Hawaii, area surveillance
United States Pacific Command includes the west coast of the United States up to the western
border of India, and from Antarctica to the North Pole.
The main fighting force of the Pacific Command of the Army was formed from parts of the Pacific,
part of the Pacific Marine Forces, Pacific Fleet Navy and Air Force. All of these forces is
headquartered in Honolulu with additional force placed almost throughout the territory. A force of
about 300,000 military personnel from the Army, Navy, Air Force and Marines, or the equivalent of
20 percent of all US active military forces.
These forces are divided into three categories: primary forces estimated at 100,000, based forward,
and a base in the US mainland. US Navy revealed that there are currently about 360,000 US
personnel in Asia Pacific, the figure is likely to be improved, including the addition of aircraft and
sophisticated weapons.
TABLE 15
United States Pacific Commando (USPACOM)
Army Navy Air Forces Marine
• Army Pacific • 3rd fleet US west • 29.000 personnel & • 85.000 personnel
Command by Division coast, 300 aviation (Marine Expeditionary
Infanteri 25th (Hawaii • 5th fleet Persian Gulf- • Japan, South Korea, Force, California &
& Alaska) West Indian Ocean, Alaska & Hawaii. Expeditionary Force
• 106.000 personnel • 7th fleet Japan, Asia III Marine, Japan)
• 300 aviation & Pacific, • 1.200 personnel
helicopter, • 43 submarines (41 special forces, with
• 5 light flees attack submarines), acces US newest
• Japan, South Korea, • 200 USS, weapons technology.
Alaska, Hawaii • 600 naval aviation,
• 5 CVN & amphibi
forces groups,
• 140.000 personnel
www.csp.navy.mil; www.navy.mil
Commander Submarine Force, U.S. Pacific Fleet (COMSUBPAC) is the principal advisor to the
Commander United States Pacific Fleet (USPACFLT) for submarine matters. The Pacific Submarine
Force (SUBPAC) includes attack, ballistic missile and auxiliary submarines, submarine tenders,
floating submarine docks, deep submergence vehicles and submarine rescue vehicles throughout
the Pacific.
The Force provides anti-submarine warfare, anti-surface ship warfare, precision land strike, mine
warfare, intelligence, surveillance and early warning and special warfare capabilities to the U.S.
Pacific Command and strategic deterrence capabilities to the U.S. Strategic Command.
ComSubPac's mission is to provide the training, logistical plans, manpower and operational plans
and support and tactical development necessary to maintain the ability of the Force to respond to
both peacetime and wartime demands.
On the different parties, during the Cold War, Russia's move to address the presence of the US Navy
in the Pacific is very simple, namely: anti-access and area denial (A2 / AD). Russia has a strategy to
cripple the US Navy with a massive attack by the supersonic cruise missile from a variety of
platforms. Pacific Fleet Russia plays an important role, with the number of 800 ships, supported by
maritime aviation system remotely, attack submarines, and aircraft equipped with electronic
weapons.
Pacific Fleet, called Red Banner Pacific Fleet, in Soviet times was part of the Russian Navy stationed
in the Pacific Ocean, which was previously located on the far eastern border of the Soviet Union. The
headquarters is located in Vladivostok fleet and a number of fleet bases located in the region of
Vladivostok. Another important basic fleet in the Russian Far East region is Petropavlovsk-
Kamchatsky in Avacha Bay in the Kamchatka Peninsula, with a large submarine base in Vilyuchinsk
located in the same bay.
In Soviet times, the Pacific Fleet is also responsible for the administrative and operational direction
of the Navy and the Indian Ocean naval squadron of the Soviet Union as a technical support points
owned by the countries in the Indian Ocean region, as well as facilities on the island of Socotra.
Deterioration of Russian naval and maritime aviation of Russia after the Cold War ended in 1991
created a huge void in the Pacific, the US regain the Pacific region. However, in the world of
geopolitics, as a fading force, there are always other countries who are ready to take over the
position. Despite China's growing military power, Russia kept trying to restore military power in the
Pacific.
In 1991 through the mid-2000s, a few years after the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russia lost much
of the Pacific Fleet unit, including all aircraft operators. Even at the beginning of 2000 there was only
one cruiser remained active in the fleet. But at the end of 2010, the Russian Pacific Fleet began to
rise, which consists of a large missile cruisers, five destroyers, ten nuclear submarines, and eight
electric-diesel submarines.
Increasing geopolitical conflict a positive impact on Russia. Despite the dominance has diminished
due to the collapse of the Soviet Union after the Cold War, but the escalation of the conflict the
region to increase the interest of regional countries against Russia military technology, which is quite
reliable and proven in use over the years. Some Asia Pacific countries such as Iran, Syria, India,
China, North Korea, Vietnam and even Indonesia, which of them are the dominant countries in the
region, has been using Russian military technology.
TABLE 18
Pacific Fleet Comparison
United States
Military budget Biggest military budget of the world
Total personnel Have more total military personnel than Russia
Total weapons United States deploy various types of technology and considerable amount of
defense equipment in Asia Pacific
Military base United States put a lot of military personnel in the various countries in the Asia
Pacific region
Mastery field Distribution of United States military personnel were quite a lot, make the United
States more superior in the control field.
Russia
Quality weaponry Russian military technology is conservative, has provided adequate quality and
proven in the field and field beragai conflict.
Underwater power With the quality of military technology, the presence of submarines and equip
weapons of choice Asia Pacific countries.
Spread of technology The availability of technology, quality of technology, budget affordability, suitability
requirements, ease of use factor distribution of Russian military technology.
Nuclear arsenal Russia's nuclear arsenal superior in number, range and warhead.
(ICBM-SLBM)
The closeness of past history, observation and understanding of the technology, the closeness of the
economy, has made Russia as countries supplying arms Asia Pacific region. This certainly have an
TABLE 19
Asia-Pacific Submarine Race
1. Australia • 6 SSK Collins class build 1990-2000 by Australian Submarines Corp, Adelaide with
missiles AS Mk-48 ADCAP & Harpoon
• building 12 SSK Shortfin Barracuda (4.700 ton) USD 39 billion by DCNS France
2. China • 1 SSBN Xia class build 1981,
• 1 SSB Golf class build 1966,
• 5 SSN Han class build 1970-1990,
• 3 SSG Song class build 1994-1999,
• 4 SSK Kilo class build 1980-1998,
• 19 SS Ming class build 1971-1999,
• 1 SSG Romeo/modify,
• 31 SSG Romeo class,
• 10 SSK diesel electrict Kilo class by Russia with supersonic missiles SS-N-27 ASCM,
• developing SSBN Jin class and SSN Shang class,
• building SSG diesel electrict Song class with underwater cruiser missiles,
• waiting for Lada-class.
3. Japan • 6 SSK Oyashio class build 1996-2001,
• 7 SSK Harushio class build 1989-1995
• 9 SSK Yuushio class build 1980-1988
• 8 SSK Soryu 2013 with homing torpedo and Sub Harpoon.
• as political policy, military Japan cannot to show, but it have substantial fire power to
destroy any navy in Asia Pacific. Japan have naval doctrin that able to operated in 1000
sea mill for Japanese land, absolutely the Japan navy able to executed the doctrin.
• Japan navy power designed and capacity upgraded to anti access for their teritory. The
Japan submarines fleet supported by surface power and air force, to be barrier for
China navy.
4. India • 4 SSK U-209/1500 class build 1984-1992,
• 5 SS Foxtrot class build 1970
• 10 SSK Kilo class build 1986-2000.
• 1 SSN Arihant class Akula II Russia with 4 silos vertical launcher K-15 Sagarika ballistic
missiles
• 1 SSK Chakra class Akula I Russia
• Acquisition 6 SSK Scorpene class by France (1.700 ton) with torpedo and exocet.
• India’s submarines fleets for anticipating the military of Pakistan and China.
5. Indonesia • 1 SSK Cakra class
• 1 SSK Nanggala class
• 12 SSK electrict diesel Chang-Bogo Class
• Interest for acquisition Astute Class and Kilo Class.
6. South Korea • 9 SSK tipe 209 German
• 3 SSK tipe 214
7. North Korea • 20 SSK Romeo class
• 40 SSK Sang-O class
• 10 SSK mini Yono class
8. Malaysia • 2 SSK Scorpene class by Prancis (Tunku Abdul Rahman and Tun Razak) with Black
Shark homing torpedo and Exocet.
• 1 SSK Agosta 70 class by Prancis for training
• Dealing budget $ 1,1 miliar.
9. Pakistan • 5 SSK Agosta class by France (2 Agosta 70 & 3 Agosta 90B), with 4 torpedo and
Exocet, independent propultion system has made as modern SSK in Asia.
• Head to head to India
10. Singapore • 2 SSK Archer class
• 4 SSK Centurion/Challenger/Sjoormen class ex Sweden (modified)
12. Vietnam • 6 SSK Kilo-class, type HQ-182, electrict diesel by Russia, (@4000 ton), with torpedo
supersonic SS-N-27.
• Deal of "Upgrade Kilo" (Project 636).
13. Thailand Preparing navy personel for submarines
FIGURE 7
naval graphic
Of all the countries in the world that have nuclear weapons (nuclear club) totaling 9 countries, as
many as 7 countries are among the countries of Asia-Pacific, and the only two countries of
continental Europe. In 2015, the world's entire nuclear arsenal was estimated at 15,850 pieces, and
as many as 15 338 pieces, or about 96.8 percent in the Asia Pacific. Of the total nuclear arsenal in
the world, as many as 1,800 in the standby state.
In the last five years, nuclear power in the Asia-Pacific showed an increase. China shows a slight
increase in the size of its nuclear arsenal. As for India and Pakistan, both countries are equally
expanding production capabilities of nuclear weapons and developing new missile delivery systems.
For North Korea seems to progress at a military nuclear program, but technical advances are difficult
to assess based on open sources.
TABLE 20
China not only acquire missiles in Russia but also engineered the Russian cruise missile obtained
from Ukraine. Modifications China would be a major threat to the US Navy. China has a keen interest
in the Russian strategic weapons, whereas previously, strategic weapons Russia is not offered
padaChina. However, because the West continues to send sanctions against Russia, then Russia may
change direction and supply China with strategic weapons such as Backfire bombers and Akula
submarines, which were previously only supplied to India.
China has successfully developed ballistic missile capable antikapal attack ships were moving at sea.
With the help of Russia, is not impossible that the missile would carry a nuclear warhead. A fact, that
no warship West-either already exist or are still a plan that is able to stop the supersonic cruise
missile Raduga Kh-22 (NATO nickname: AS-4 Kitchen) or a smaller version, KSR-5. In fact, in the
1980s, maritime aviation Russia is very confident about the accuracy of the missile, air until Russia as
Backfire only transport one piece Kh-22 armed with nuclear warheads.
Previously, the United States ahead of Russia in terms of technology and the number of
intercontinental nuclear missiles. However, in the early 1970s when the SS-18 began to ready for use
in large quantities, Russia catch up and move Russia began unstoppable. In 1990, Russia has
approximately 40,000 stock of nuclear warheads, and the United States only has 28,000 pieces. Only
FIGURE 8
UK; 215
China; 260 Israel; 80
Pakistan; 120
North Korea; 8
France; 300 India; 110
Russia; 7500
USA; 7260
STOCKHOLM
CKHOLM INTERNATIONAL PEACE RESEARCH INSTITUTE (SIPRI) April 2016
Throughout history, there is no weapon that has the destructive power greater than intercontinental
ballistic missiles SS-18
18 belongs to Russia. To understand the real power of these deadly weapons,
compared with a nuclear warhead used the United States to devastated Hiroshima. Explosive power
of the Hiroshima bomb 'only' 15 kilotonnes (KT) or the equivalent of 15,000 tons of TNT. The bomb
was capable of eliminating 70,000 lives. Meanwhile, ana SS-18
18 can carry up to ten nuclear warheads
separate pieces, each approximately 750 KT explosive. Some missile warhead weapon also features
a giant 20,000 KT.
America and Russia have done a deal related to nuclear weapons. SS-18
SS 18 missiles gives an existential
threat to the United States, so that these missiles into the issue of focus in the discussion of
weaponry between the two superpowers. The US is willing willing to get rid of their strategic missiles
deployed in Europe if Russia agreed to significantly reduce the strength of its rockets. From the
launch of the SS-18
18 silos as many as 308 in 1991, Russia has reduced the amount of up to 154 pieces
to adhere to the treaty START I.
ASIA PACIFIC
PACIFIC 2020|TASNIM ILMIARDHI|2016 | Page | 28
FIGURE 9
TABLE 21
World ICBM
1 RUSSIA
Active
• R-36M2 Voevoda / SS-18 Satan
• UR-100N 15A30 / SS-19 Stiletto
• RT-2PM Topol / 15Zh58 / SS-25 Sickle
• RT-2PM2 Topol-M / SS-27 / RS12M1 / RS12M2
• RS-24: MIRV-equipped.
• R-29R SS-N-18 Stingray
• R-29RK SS-N-18 Stingray Mod 2
• R-29RL MIRV-equipped/SS-N-18 Stingray Mod 3
• R-29RM MIRV-equipped/SS-N-23 Skiff
• R-29RMU Sineva MIRV-equipped/SS-N-23 Sineva mode 2
• R-29RMU2 MIRV-equipped/SS-N-23 Liner
• RSM-56 Bulava MIRV-equipped/SS-NX-30
Inactive
• R-7 Semyorka / 8K71 / SS-6 Sapwood: Rocket first used to launch Sputnik 1 in October 1957.
Derivatives are still in use today, primarily as the launcher for manned Soyuz and Progress
spacecraft launches to the International Space Station
• R-16 SS-7 Saddler
• R-9 Desna / SS-8 Sasin
• R-36 SS-9 Scarp
In 50 years after it was first deployed, the SS-18 remains ready for use. Russia strategic missile
arsenal will increase by 400 new missiles in the next ten years, even the SS-18 are likely to endure
until the period of late 2040 after the upgrade. Most of the shooting of successful trials over the past
decade, and other quality control tests also showed positive results. Budget and qualified personnel
remain deployed for the development of missile arsenal, which is the last defense of Russia.
Furthermore, START II aims at eliminating all missiles SS-18, but the agreement was not enforced so
that these missiles remains active. From the standpoint of Russia, delays are clearly beneficial. But
with the deteriorating relations with the US Russia after NATO expands to near the border of Russia,
then Russia decided to set up a weapons superclass.
FIGURE 10
TABLE 22
Economic growth impact on improving defense and military spending needs of a country. Modern
military is part of a country's economic, military capacity following the economic capacity of a
country. Although no specific exemption for the state of North Korea. Economic growth and rising
military capacity of a country will certainly have an impact on the economy and the escalation of
geopolitical conflict region. It takes the mental maturity and readiness program in the alignment of
economic growth and an increase in the military strength of a country, to focus without ignoring
regional stability.
Nuclear capability Asia-Pacific countries are growing, both ICBMs and SLBMs, as demonstrated
capacity and regional superiority. Stability in the region is certainly in need of re-handling and
communication as well as the situation of the cold war several decades ago.
Increased military power, including nuclear power in this case, is a necessity that can not be avoided
with the increase in economic growth in the Asia Pacific region. But still have to find ways to limit
and manage them, and make sure that the terrifying weapons strengthen rather than undermine
peace and stability in the region.
Asia Pacific is preparing for a situation that will heat up before it turns into a better and stable. Of
course it remains to be offset by confidence-building measures, maritime security dialogue and
strategic stability of the countries of the Asia Pacific region. The move is expected to solve the
fundamental problem. Seeing the escalation of geopolitical, stakeholders towards strategic stability
in the Asia Pacific region can only hope that the program of military force arrayed in a mature region
as soon as possible.
***
ASIA PACIFIC
PACIFIC 2020|TASNIM ILMIARDHI|2016 | Page | 37
APPENDIX. III
TABLE 25
WORLD ICBM
Missile First Accuracy
No. Name Operator Manufacturer Max range Warhead/payload Status MIRV Mobility
mass flight (CEP)
1 RS-28 Russia State Rocket Center N/A 100,000 kg 10,000 kg Under 2016 Yes Silo N/A
Sarmat Makeyev development (planned)
2 R-36M2 USSR Yuzhny Machine- 11,000 km 211,400 kg 10 x 800 kt / 8730 Active 1986 Yes Silo 220 m
Voevoda Building Plant (or 16,000 kg
km with a
single
warhead)
3 UR-100N USSR Khrunichev Machine- 10,000 km 105,600 kg 6 x 550 kt / 4350 Active 1977 Yes Silo N/A
UTTKh Building Plant kg
4 RT-2PM USSR Votkinsk Machine 10,500 km 45,100 kg 800 kt Active 1985 No Road-mobile 200 m
Topol Building Plant TEL
5 RT-2PM2 Russia Votkinsk Machine 11,000 km 47,200 kg 800 kt Active 1994 Yes Silo, road- 200 m
Topol-M Building Plant mobile TEL
6 RS-24 Russia Votkinsk Machine 12,000 km 49,000 kg 4 x 550 kt Active 2007 Yes Silo, road- 150 m
Building Plant mobile TEL
7 R-29R Russia State Rocket Center 6,500 km 35,300 kg 1650 kg Active N/A N/A Delta III N/A
Makeyev Submarine
8 R-29RK Russia State Rocket Center 6,500 km 34,388 kg 1650 kg Active N/A Yes Delta III N/A
Makayev Submarine
9 R-29RL Russia State Rocket Center 9,000 km 35,300 kg 1650 kg Active N/A Yes Delta III N/A
Makeyev Submarine
10 R-29RM Russia Krasnoyarsk 8,300 km 40,300 kg 2800 kg Active N/A Yes Delta IV N/A
Machine-Building Submarine
Plant
11 R-29RMU Russia Krasnoyarsk 11,547 km 40,300 kg N/A Active 2004 Yes (6) Delta IV N/A
Sineva Machine-Building Submarine
Plant
12 R-29RMU2 Russia Krasnoyarsk 11,000 km+ 40,000 kg N/A Active 2011 Yes (12) Delta IV N/A
Layner Machine-Building Submarine
ASIA PACIFIC 2020|TASNIM ILMIARDHI|2016 | Page | 40
Plant
13 RSM-56 Russia Votkinsk Plant State 10,000 km 36,800 kg 6 x 150 kt Active 2005 Yes Borei class 200 m
Bulava Production submarine
Association
14 R-7 USSR Soviet Academy of 12,000 km 280,000 kg 2.9 Mt of TNT Inactive 1959 No Launch pad 5,000 m
Semyorka Sciences
15 R-16 USSR Khartron 11,000 km 141,000 kg 5 Mt Inactive 1961 No Silo 2,700 m
16 R-9 Desna USSR NPO Energomash 11,000 km N/A 2.3 Mt Inactive 1961 No Silo 2,000 m
Khartron
17 UR-100 USSR Khrunichev Machine- 10,600 km 41,400 kg 1 Mt Inactive 1966 No Silo N/A
Building Plant
18 RT-2 USSR 8,000 km 34,000 kg 600 kt Inactive 1968 No Silo
19 MR-UR-100 USSR Yuzhny Machine- 10,250 km 71,200 kg 4×0.4 Mt Inactive 1971 Yes Silo
Sotka Building Plant
20 RT-23 USSR Yuzhnoye Design 10,450 km 104,500 kg 10 x 550 kT Inactive 1986 Yes (10) Silo, Railroad 150–250
Molodets Bureau m
21 R-29 USSR State Rocket Center 7,700 km Inactive 1969 Delta I
Makayev submarine
22 R-39 Rif USSR Zlatoust Machine- 8,300 km 84,000 kg 10 x 100–200 kT Inactive 1983 Yes Typhoon class N/A
Building Plant submarine
23 Minuteman United Boeing 13,000 km 35,300 kg 3 x 170 kt of TNT Active 1970 Yes Silo 200 m
III States
24 Trident US Lockheed Martin 7,400 km 33,142 kg 8 x 100 kt Inactive 1977 Yes Ohio- 380 m <
Space Systems class submarine
25 Atlas US Consolidated Vultee 14,500 km Inactive 1959 No
Aircraft (Convair)
26 Titan I US Glenn L. Martin 10,200 km 105,140 kg 3.75 Mt Inactive 1959 No Silo
Company
27 Titan II US Glenn L. Martin 15,000 km 154,000 kg 9 Mt Inactive 1962 No Silo
Company
28 Minuteman I US Boeing 1.2 Mt Inactive 1961 Silo 200 m
29 Minuteman II US Boeing 1.2 Mt Inactive 1965 Silo
30 LGM-118 US Boeing, Martin 9,600 km 96,750 kg 10 x 300 kt Inactive 1983 Yes Silo 120 m
Peacekeeper Marietta, TRW,
31 Midgetman US Martin Marietta 11,000 km 13,600 kg 475 kT Inactive 1992 No Small ICBM 90 m
Hard Mobile
Launcher
32 Trident II United Lockheed Martin 11,300 km+ 58,500 kg 4 x 475 kt Active 1987 Yes Ohio-class and 90–120 m
Kingdom Space Systems Vanguard-class
US: submarines
33 M4 France EADS SPACE 5,000 km 36,000 kg 6 x 150 kt Active 1985 Yes Le Redoutable
Transportation class submarine
ASIA PACIFIC 2020|TASNIM ILMIARDHI|2016 | Page | 41
34 M45 France Aérospatiale/EADS 6,000 km 35,000 kg 6 x 110 kt TNT Active 1986 Yes Triomphant 350 m
SPACE class submarine
Transportation
35 M51.1 France EADS Astrium Space 10,000 km 52,000 kg 6 to 10 x 100 kt of Active 2006 Yes Triomphant
Transportation (or more) TNT class submarine
36 M51.2 France EADS Astrium Space 10,000 km 52,000 kg 6 to 10 x 150kt of Under Yes Triomphant
Transportation (or more) TNT (new Tête Development class submarine
nucléaire
océanique)
37 DF-5 China China Academy of 12,000 km 183,000 kg 5 Mt Active 1971 No 1,000 m
Launch Technology
38 DF-5A China China Academy of 15,000 km 183,000 kg 4 Mt Active 1983 Yes Silo 1,000 m
Launch Technology (Speculated)
39 DF-5B China China Academy of 15,000 km 183,000 kg 3 to 8 Active 2015 Yes Silo
Launch Technology
40 DF-4 China Factory 211 (Capital 7,000 km 82,000 kg 3.3 Mt Active 1975 Yes Silo 1,500 m
Astronautics Co.) (Speculated)
41 DF-31 China Academy of Rocket 8,000 km 42,000 kg 1 Mt Active 1999 No Road-mobile
Motors Technology (Reported) TEL
(ARMT)
42 DF-31A China Academy of Rocket 12,000 km 42,000 kg 3 Active Yes Road-mobile
Motors Technology TEL
(ARMT)
43 DF-41 China China Academy of 12,000- 10 Yes Road-mobile
Launch Vehicle 15,000 km TEL
44 JL-2 China Factory 307 (Nanjing 12,000 km 42,000 kg 3-6 Active 2001 Yes Type 094 Jin
Dawn Group) (Believed) class submarine
45 Agni-V India Defence Research 5,500 – 50,000 kg 1,500 kg Testing 2012 Yes Road mobile Unknown
and Development 8,000 km TEL, Rail
Organization Mobile
46 Taepodong- North 6,000 km 79,189 kg Under 2006 Launch pad 1,500 m
2 Korea (Speculated) development
47 Jericho III Israel Israel Aerospace 4,800 – 30,000 kg 750 kg single or Active 2008 Yes Road mobile N/A
Industries 11,500 km MIRVs (Suspected)
(Speculated) (Suspected)
www.army-technology.com;nationalinterest.org;fas.org; www.space.com; allthingsnuclear.org; www.globalresearch.ca; www.globalsecurity.org; russia-insider.com; parliament.uk; wikipedia.org
***
TASNIM ILMIARDHI
tasnim.ilmiardhi@yahoo.com
2016