Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Heat Integration
Heat Integration
Heat Integration
Department of
Chemical Engineering
University of Engineering
And Technology, Lahore
A.N.Tabish
2009-MS-Chem-25
HEAT
INTEGRATION
HEAT
EXCHANGER
NETWORK
DESIGN
INTRODUCTION:
HEAT
INTEGRATION
A cold process stream can be heated by using steam or any hot utility,
available at a temperature higher than the target temperature of process
stream and a hot process stream can be cold by using cooling water or any
cold utility, available at a temperature lower than the target temperature of
process stream.
Situation refers the maximum use of utility that is merely an operating
cost, and maximum annualized cost that demands a larger rate of return to
make the process profitable.
A cold process stream can be used to lower the temperature of hot
process stream, which heats up the cold stream as well. Hence minimizing
the use of utility and ultimately operating cost and total annualized cost.
tabish288@yahoo.com
of
chemical
processes
by
calculating
PROFITABILITY OPTIMIZATION:
tabish288@yahoo.com
PINCH TECHNOLOGY:
1. Data Extraction: To formulate the
process flow sheet and perform
heat and mass balance.
2. Minimum Approach Temperature:
To select the minimum temperature
difference that can be allowed
across any heat exchanger in the
network.
3. Composite Curves: To draw the
enthalpy vs. temperature graph for
cold streams as well as for hot
streams
4. Minimum utility targets: To
calculate the minimum heating and
cooling requirements that must be
supplied by utility system.
tabish288@yahoo.com
DATA EXTRACTION:
1. Process Flowsheet
2. Operating Conditions for process streams & unit operations
3. Heat and mass balance
4. Hot and cold stream allocation
tabish288@yahoo.com
COMPOSITE CURVES:
tabish288@yahoo.com
Graphical method
Algebraic method
Computer based methods
tabish288@yahoo.com
Stream
Supply
Temperature
(oC)
Streams to be heated
2
30
4
117
17
34
28
105
Streams to be cooled
8
400
11
76.3
Salt
360
32
136
36
202
Target
Temperature
(oC)
Enthalpy
Change rate
(kJ/sec)
110
380
95
161
399
5270
310
253
76.3
60
340
30
30
-7170
-450
-7667
-154
-558
tabish288@yahoo.com
Temp
30
34
95
105
110
117
161
380
17000
16106
7988
4968
3178
1533
1053
1000
400
360
340
202
136
76
60
30
400
360
340
202
136
76
60
360
-894
340
-8118
202
-3020
136
-1790
76
-1645
60
-480
30
-53
Total = -16000
y = mx + c
Modified enthalpy change rate at 358 oC is 16800 kJ/sec.
Source
Temperature
(oC)
Streams to be Heated:
2
2 &17
2
2 & 28
28
5 & 28
5
30
34
95
105
110
117
161
Target
Temperature (oC)
Enthalpy
Change rate
(kJ/sec)
34
95
105
110
117
161
380
5
397
310
35
50
1025
4410
Enthalpy
11000
11005
11402
11712
11747
11797
12822
17232
Temp
30
34
95
105
110
117
161
380
-894
-8118
-3020
-1790
-1645
-480
-53
17200
16306
8188
5168
3378
1733
1253
400
360
340
202
136
76
60
1200
30
Total = 6232
Streams to be cooled:
8
8 & salt
8
8 & 36
8, 36 & 32
11, 36 & 32
36 & 32
400
360
340
202
136
76
60
360
340
202
136
76
60
30
Total = -16000
tabish288@yahoo.com
tabish288@yahoo.com
HEAT EXCHANGER
NETWORK DESIGN
tabish288@yahoo.com
PROBLEM STATEMENT:
Given a number NH of process hot streams (to be cooled) and a
number NC of process cold streams (to be heated), it is desired to
synthesize a cost-effective network of heat exchangers that can
transfer heat from the hot streams to the cold streams.
Given also are the heat capacity of each process hot streams,
FCP,u; its supply (inlet) temperature, Ts,u; and its target (outlet)
temperature, Tt,u, where u = 1, 2 ,., NH.
Given also are the heat capacity of each process cold streams,
FCP,v; its supply (inlet) temperature, Ts,v; and its target (outlet)
temperature, Tt,v, where v = 1, 2 ,., Nc.
Available for service are NHU heating utilities and NCU cooling
utilities whose supply and target temperatures (but not flowrates) are
known.
The process streams are drawn as horizontal lines, with the stream numbers
shown in square boxes. The Hot streams are drawn at the top of the grid, and flow
from left to right. The cold streams are drawn at the bottom, and flow from right to
left. The stream heat capacities CP are shown in a column at the end of the stream
lines. Heat exchangers are drawn as two circles connected by a vertical line. The
circles connect the two streams between which heat is being exchanged; that is, the
streams that would flow through the actual exchanger. Heater and coolers are drawn
as a single circle, connected to the appropriate utility.
QCmin
QHmin
tabish288@yahoo.com
tabish288@yahoo.com
tabish288@yahoo.com
tabish288@yahoo.com
tabish288@yahoo.com
tabish288@yahoo.com
NUNITS S 1
NUNITS ( S 1)
tabish288@yahoo.com
( S 1)
tabish288@yahoo.com
tabish288@yahoo.com
T
A
E
H
R
E
G
N
A
H
EXC
RK
O
ETW
N:
G
I
D ES