TABLE OF CONTENTS

Content Page No.

Acknowledgement …………………………………………………………………………i

Abstract………………………………………………………………………………………ii

Introduction…..…………………………………………………………………………….. 1

Company Profile……………………………………………………………………………3

SECTION I Literature Survey 5

Unit 1 Introduction to Lathe 6

1.1 Components of Lathe Machine 7
Unit 2 Introduction to CNC 12
2.1 Advantages of a CNC Machine 13
2.2 Configuration of the CNC system 14
Unit 3 Components of CNC Machine 19
(A) Mechanical Components 19
3.1 Ball Screw 19
3.2 Turret 21
(B) Electrical Components 22
3.3 Relay 22
3.4 Contactor 23
3.5 Circuit Breakers 26
3.6 Transformers 28
3.7 Fuse 31
SECTION II General Steps to be followed for Retrofitting 32

Unit 4 Mechanical Activities 33

4.1 Dismantling of machine 33
 4.2 Bed Scraping 34
4.3 Headstock Overhauling 36
4.4 Turret Overhauling 36
4.5 Assembly 37
4.6 Hydraulic Power pack Assembly 38
4.7 Lubrication and Coolant Tank 39
Unit 5 Electrical Activities 40
5.1 Limit Switch Fixing 40
5.2 Encoder Installation 40
5.3 Controller 41
5.4 Design of Control Panel 41
Unit 6 Commissioning 43
SECTION III Case Study: Retrofitting of Panther Lathe 44
Unit 6 Mechanical Activities 45
6.1 Dismantling of Machine 45
6.2 Scraping of Slide 45
6.3 Head stock Overhauling 45
6.4 Selection of VFD 46
6.5 Selection of Ball Screw 46
6.6 Selection of Bearings 47
6.7 Force Calculation 48
6.8 Motor Selection 49
6.9 Timing Belt Selection 51
Unit 7 Electrical Activities 52
7.1 Limit Switch Fixing 52
7.2 Encoder Installation 53
7.3 Control Panel 54
Unit 8 Circuit Diagrams 55
Unit 9 Estimated Costs 60

Unit 10 Conclusions 61
Unit 11 Future Scope 62
BIBLIOGRAPHY 63
REFERENCES 64