ADJECTIVE CLAUSES

An adjective clause (relative clause)

consists of a subject and a predicate that
modifies a preceding noun/ pronoun (its
antecedent) and starts with an
introductory word who, whom, whose,
that, which.
Study the examples below
1.
- Tom met the boy.
- The boy studied in LA.
= Tom met the boy who studied in LA.

2.
- Tom avoids the man.
- He had fired the man.
= Tom avoids the man whom he had fired.

3.
- Tom met the man.
- He had learned English from the man.
= Tom met the man from whom he had
learned English.

4.
- Is she the girl?
- Her talent in art is much talked about.
= Is she the girl whose talent in art is much
talked about ?

5.
- That is the book.
- The book contains synonyms.
= That is the book which contains
synonyms.

6.
- The book was about training animals.
- He read the book.
= The book that he read was about training
animals.

7.
- Shes reading the book.

- She paid the book for two hundred

dollars.
= Shes reading the book for which she
paid two hundred dollars.

Exercise 3: Combine the two sentences using WHO,

WHICH, WHOM

1. The children are from the

neighborhood. They are
playing in the playground.
2. Something is smelling up the
house. It is cooking on the
stove.
3. The players will be sorry
later. They are not practicing
now.

4. The doctor was very gently.

He examined the sick child.

5. The doctor continued to save

other lives. He has saved your
life.

6. The butterflies are

magnificent. They are found in
Amazon.

7. The homework is due

tomorrow. It is being assigned
now.

8. The men are innocent of any

crime. They are being
executed.

9. The accused will go free at

once. He is not found guilty.

10. The man finally pleaded

guilty. He has been
interrogated for hours.

11. The things were all on sale.

I bought them

12. The students are lots of

fun. I know them.

Exercise 4: Combine the sentences using WHO,

WHICH, WHOSE, WHOM .

1. The pencil isnt sharp. I

borrowed it from Merry.

2. I come from a country. Its

history goes back thousands of
years.
3. The professor is excellent. I
am taking his course.

4. I like the eraser. I bought it at

Gremetia.

5. The guests are disordered.

Jane and I talked about them.

6. The puppy got the most

attention in the pet shop. It
barked the loudest.

7. The girl has moved to another

town. I borrowed her book.

8. The student lives in Joglo. He

sits next to me.

9. The old man is my servant.

Everybody has been talking
about him.

10. The people are my parents.

Their shop was on fire.

11. The infant is very cute. Her

name is Joe.

12. The blond girl is closefisted. I share the room with

her.

13. The tramp was very sick.

He was in front of your door
last night.

14. The buttons are beautiful. I

bought them at Pasar Minggu.

15. The dean is very gloomy.

His puppy is dying.

Exercise 5: Study the table on the next page and change the adjective clauses below into participial phrases. Keep the commas
there.
1.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

The girl who is making the most noise is my daughter.

The leaflets which were printed last week will be distributed at tonights meeting.
The general, who had been warned of the enemies approaching attack, had all his men ready.
The movement, which was doomed from the beginning, came to a very inauspicious end.
The woman who has been alone for years decided to get married.
The children, who had been instructed not to stay out too long, came back before dinner time.
The children who have been sleeping since morning play in the garden cheerfully.
The snow which is falling on the highway will make the roads icy by nightfall.
The children who were swimming too far from shore were ordered back by the lifeguards.
The money which was not accounted for in his will was distributed equally among his children.
The demonstrator who has been hospitalized for a week is going home this afternoon.
The men, who were surrounded on all sides by the enemy, had to surrender.
The machine that has been used for years was out of order yesterday.
The patient, who had been advised by his doctor to stop smoking, made every effort to do so.
Many people who live in large cities are very lonely.
The dinner which is being prepared now is for the members of the conference.
All the guests who are not leaving the hotel tomorrow must let the management know at once.
Any student who doesnt pass the swimming test will not get credit for this course.
The students who got killed were my friends.
Some college students who have known about the chaos protect the innocents.

REDUCING ADJECTIVES CLAUSES TO PARTICIPIAL PHRASES

ADJECTIVE CLAUSES
These are diagrams that explain different parts of speech.
The students who came late to the class disturbed their friends
Anyone who does not want to do homework doesnt have to do it.
Im looking for a school that holds evening classes.
The kids who are playing in the playground are kids from the neighborhood
Something that is cooking on the stove is smelling up the house.
The players who are not practicing now will be sorry later.
The doctor who examined the sick child was very gently.
My roommate, who is working all the time, isnt around much.
The butterflies that are found in Amazon are magnificent.
The homework that is being assigned now is due tomorrow.
The men who are being executed are innocent of any crime.
The accused who is not found guilty will go free at once.
The students whom I know are lots of fun.
The things that I bought were all on sale.

PARTICIPIAL PHRASES
These are diagrams explaining different parts of speech.
The students coming late to the class disturbed their friends
Anyone not wanting to do homework doesnt have to do it.
Im looking for a school holding evening classes.
The children playing in the playground are kids from the neighborhood.
Something cooking on the stove is smelling up the house.
The players not practicing now will be sorry later.
The doctor examining the sick child was very gently.
My roommate, working all the time, isnt around much.
The butterflies found in the Amazon are magnificent.
The homework being assigned now is due tomorrow.
The men being executed are innocent of any crime.
The accused not found guilty will go free at once.
--- no reduction ------ no reduction ----