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Kaspar Willam, University of Colorado at Boulder: Zero-Thickness Interface Models
Kaspar Willam, University of Colorado at Boulder: Zero-Thickness Interface Models
Micrometer Level
(Cement Paste)
X1000
Nanometer Level
(Calcium Silicate Hydr
X1000
X1000
10
1
TEST 1 C / min
TEST 5 C / min
0.8
a = -0.225 f'c
11
/ f'c
Strain [%]
0.6
0
0.4
a = -0.675 f'c
-5
0.2
= -0.45 f'c
-10
0
0
200
400
600
Temperature, C
800
1000
200
400
600
Temperature, C
800
1000
]2
|
[|u s
|]
[|u n
1
|]
[|u s
|]
[|u n
-40
o
11 = 0
TEST 1 C/min
o
TEST 5 C/min
0.8
T
0.6
0.4
0.2
200
400
o
Temperature [ C]
600
800
- 11 / fc
Continuum
Discrete, b=0.1
Discrete, b=0.5
Discrete, b=1.0
-30
-20
-10
200
400
Temperature [C]
600
800
Coated-Uncoated Rebars
Slow-Rapid Heating Rates
Target Temperatures: 20oC, 200oC, 400oC, 600oC
Natural-Water Cooling
2.0
Uncoated ref.
1.8
UR15_200N
1.6
UR15_400N
UR15_600N
1.4
1.2
1.0
0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0.0
0
0.01
0.02
0.03
Slip (inch)
0.04
0.05
0.06
1.80
1.60
1.67
1.40
Bond strength (ksi)
1.29
1.44
1.20
1.11
1.00
0.99
0.80
0.60
0.60
0.40
0.36
0.29
0.20
0.00
25
200
400
Temperature (C)
600
0.00
800
1.80
1.60
1.40
1.44
1.29
1.20
1.00
1.27
0.99
0.94
0.80
0.60
0.40
0.35
0.33
0.20
0.16
0.00
25
200
400
Temperature (C)
600
0.00
800
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Finite Element Model of Pull-Out Test Specimen
u
=
6
0
whereas
[|t
|]
=
t
t
N
N
N
N
N =0
Strong Discontinuities: all displacement components exhibit jumps across
interface.
and
st + stT
st = E 1
st :
co
Interface Bond Kinematics: st
z = z
EcoEst
[co st]T + HO
Estcon Ecost
250
0.0000225
200
0.00002
150
0.0000175
0.000015
50
0.0000125
alpha
0.00001
0
100
200
300
Temperature
400
500
100
200
300
Temperature
400
500
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Evolution of Tensile Damage at Different Outside Temperatures
T = 100, 300, 580oC
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Evolution of Compression Damage at Different Outside Temperatures
T = 100, 300, 580oC
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Circumferential Stress Distribution at Outside Temperatures
T = 100, 300, 580oC
0
0
10
20
30
Stress [MPa]
-5
stress_t at T=108
-10
stress_t at T=300
stress_t at T=580
-15
-20
-25
Radius [mm]
40
50
60
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Circumferential Stress Contours at Outside Temperature T = 580oC
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Bond Stress-Axial Slip Response (cold vs hot conditions)
25
cold
warm
20
cooled
cold exp. Kurz
15
10
5
0
0
Displacement in mm
Class #7 Concrete Modeling, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil, August 20-28, 2007
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Axial Stress Contours after Heating to T = 580oC
S, S22
PULL-OUT PROBLEM
Compression Damage after Heating to T = 580oC
DAMAGEC
CONCLUDING REMARKS