Structural formulas of 20 amino acids common in proteins

COO

Glycine
Gly
G

H3N

CH

H3N

Valine
Val
V

H3N

CH3

Leucine
Leu
L

H3N

Isoleucine
Ile
I

H3N

CH

H3N

Serine
Ser
S

H3N

Threonine
Thr
T

H3N

CH

CH2
CH2
CH2

CH2

SH

CH2

CH2

CH2

OH

CH3

Polar OH groups

CH

COO

CH3

Groups with S

CH

COO

CH2

CH

COO

CH3

HN

CH

CH3
CH

COO

Methionine
Met
M

CH

H3N

CH3
CH2

COO

Cysteine
Cys
C

CH3

CH

Proline
Pro
P

CH3
CH

COO
+

CH

COO
+

CH

COO
+

Non-polar groups

COO

Alanine
Ala
A

OH
CH

CH3

By Israel Hanukoglu, Ph.D. http://www.science.co.il/Biomedical/Molecules/Amino-Acids/

COO

Asparagine
Asn
N

H3N

CH

Glutamine
Gln
Q

H3N

Aspartic acid
Asp
D

H3N

Glutamic acid
Glu
E

H3N

Histidine
His
H

H3N

CH2

O H

Charged (+), basic

NH

CH2
N

H3N

H3N

Phenylalanine H3N
Phe
F

H3N

CH2

CH2

NH3

CH2

CH2

NH

NH2

Aromatic groups

CH2

CH

CH

CH2

NH2
CH2

CH

CH2

CH

COO
H3N

CH

COO

Tryptophan
Trp
W

NH2

O
CH2

CH

COO

Tyrosine
Tyr
Y

Charged (), acidic

CH

COO

Arginine
Arg
R

CH2

O
CH2

COO

Lysine
Lys
K

CH

COO

NH2

O
CH2

COO

Polar amide groups

CH

COO
+

O
CH2

COO
+

CH2

OH

CH2

NH

By Israel Hanukoglu, Ph.D. http://www.science.co.il/Biomedical/Molecules/Amino-Acids/