This is by no means exhaustive, just what I could remember.

Since she might change the exam questions,

then use it as a guideline.
Upper case = important to note

Phlebotomy
1. Tubes and test:
a. Most important are the Order, Use, Chemicals present in each tube
b. Focus on
i. Bright Yellow for Microbiology
ii. Light Blue for Coagulation tests like FDP, INR/PT (used
Warfarin/Coumadin), PTT(used for Heparin)
iii. SST for all Chemistry, electrolytes, enzymes, hormones
iv. Gray for glucose tolerance, blood alcohol and non stat lactic acid. On
exam
v. Lavender for blood tests like CBC, Rbc/wbc/platelet counts, wintrobe
ESR
vi. Green is for all STATS like ammonia, Catecholamine, blood gas and all
the chemistries that SST would be use green if required as STAT (RIGHT
AWAY)
vii. All anticoagulants except Heparin are Calcium Chelators. Heparin inhibits
PROTHROMBIN changing to THROMBIN.
c. Remember:
i. Young(bright Yellow), Little(Light blue), Rude(Red) Gals(Gold/sst),
Get(Green), Low(Lavender), Grades(Gray), Yells(pale Yellow),
Bob(Black) was on the Exam
ii. Only Red GLASS tube can be used as discard tube. Was on exam.
iii. Warfarin is tested by INR/PT test. Was on exam
2. Color
a. Icteric = amber colour. Due to bilirubin. DOES NOT CONTAIN BILE.
PROTECT LIGHT (transport it in aluminum foil). Was on exam
b. Lipemic= milky/cloudy, due to excess lipid.
c. Hemolysed = serum/plasma appear pale/pink. Due to free hemoglobin. Redo the
collection. Tech error.
3. Gauges: the bigger the gauge (25G) the smaller the BORE.
a. REMEMBER: 23G is butterfly used for Pediatric and adult ARM that roll. NOT
FOR ADULT HAND. That is for 25g. was on exam.
VENIPUNCTURE: YOU KNOW THIS.
a. Remember: Basilica runs lateral to your arm/body. Was on exam
b. Venipuncture problems like

This is by no means exhaustive, just what I could remember. Since she might change the exam questions,
then use it as a guideline.
Upper case = important to note

i. Hematoma usually tech/phlebotomist mistake.

ii. Syncope lower the head, cold compress to the forehead. DONT
call the 911 UNLESS PROLONGED. Was on exam
1. Remember: Remove NEEDLE first and then tourniquet. On
exam
iii. Hemolysis - elevate potassium levels. On exam
iv. Hemoconcentration falsely increase potassium levels. Can affect
both CBC and CHEMISTRY. Was on exam.
v. Failure to draw blood: the four corrections
SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
1. Alcohol Levels: use 3% hydrogen peroxide, chlorohexidine and soap
a. Chlorhexidine is NOT used for neonatal under 2 months. On exam
2. Heavy Metal: Uses K3 EDTA.
a. Remember: K3 EDTA can replace K2 EDTA but the OPPOSITE IS NOT TRUE.
On exam
3. Light Sensitive: Bilirubin
a. Remember Icteric , transported in tin foil.
4. Warming Specimen: examples are COLD AGGLUTININ and CRYOGLOBIN. These
are transported at 37 degree in heel warmer. NOT IN COLD OR ICE. On exam

Hematology
1. Blood Cells
a. Erythrocytes: 4-6million/microlitre. Anucleated. Oxyhemoglobin = OXYGEN,
Carbaminohemoglobin = CARBON DIOXIDE. Was on exam
b. Leukocytes normal range = 5000-10000/microlitre
i. Less than 5000 = HIV, toxins like aplastic anemia
ii. Mor than 10000 = INFECTION or CANCER. Was on exam
iii. Eosinophime = 1-4% of WBC. Was on exam
iv. Monocytes = 4-8% of WBC. Was on exam
c. Thrombocytes = anucleated like erythrocytes. Was on exam
2. disorders
a. Types of Anemia
i. Thalasemia = Mediterranean origin. On exam
ii. Sickle cell = blacks. Exam

This is by no means exhaustive, just what I could remember. Since she might change the exam questions,
then use it as a guideline.
Upper case = important to note

Erythroblastosis fetalus = mom of RH VE and First RH +ve. On exam

Pernicious Anamea = MALABSORPTION OF VIT. B12. On exam
MULTIPLE MYELOMA = CANCER OF PLASMA Cells. On exam
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia = 65 yrs. One exam
Acute lymphocytic leukemia=3-7 yrs. 80% of kids.
Chronic Myeloid leukemia = 25-60 yrs. 20% of all Leukemia
Acute Myeloid leukemia = 80% of leukemia in adult and 20% in children.
On exam
x. Infectious Mono = caused by EPSTEIN-BARR Virus. On exam
xi. Hemophilia = lack of factor VIII. MORE IN MEN. On exam

iii.
iv.
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
ix.

=>Hematology Test chart. DONT REMEMBER THE ONES O N THE TEST BUT THEY
HAD A MATCH QUESTIONS. IMPORTANT.
Transfusion chart: DONT REMEMBER THE ONES O N THE TEST. IMPORTANT
WINTROBE VS WESTERGRREN ESR METHOD = on exam
BLOOD SMEAR:
1. THIN SMEAR = SMALL DROP OR SMALL ANGLE. ON exam