When Chris Paciello -- handsome young lord of Miami nightlife, friend of Madonna, and Jennifer Lopez, millionaire owner of Joia, Liquid and Bar ROom -- was charged with racketeering for murder and bank robbery, his dazzled supporters called it a shame that his New York past was catching up with him. But from FBI wiretaps, police sources and South Beach insiders, the author reveals the full scope of the case against him.
Original Title
"Disco Inferno" VANITY FAIR July 2000 BY SUZANNA ANDREWS
When Chris Paciello -- handsome young lord of Miami nightlife, friend of Madonna, and Jennifer Lopez, millionaire owner of Joia, Liquid and Bar ROom -- was charged with racketeering for murder and bank robbery, his dazzled supporters called it a shame that his New York past was catching up with him. But from FBI wiretaps, police sources and South Beach insiders, the author reveals the full scope of the case against him.
When Chris Paciello -- handsome young lord of Miami nightlife, friend of Madonna, and Jennifer Lopez, millionaire owner of Joia, Liquid and Bar ROom -- was charged with racketeering for murder and bank robbery, his dazzled supporters called it a shame that his New York past was catching up with him. But from FBI wiretaps, police sources and South Beach insiders, the author reveals the full scope of the case against him.
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POSES
Eee a eee
Tce en ny
Madonna, Ingrid (
Jennifer Lopez. milli
ATM DO ca
for murder and bank robber
his dazzled supporters called ita shame that his
New York past was eatehing up with him.
PET ER r
outh Beach insiders, SUZANNA ANDR
the full scope of the ea
prosecutors say that he owed his glitte
waterfront palazzo to Mafia backing, and that ae:
alten Island was prelude to a hotMIAMI VICES
Above, the nightie
on South Beach's
Ocean Drive. Right
Pacillo, Jenifer Lopes,
Sean “Pally” Combs
Emilio and Gloria
Estefan, and Casares at
the Joia opening, 1998
BOSOM BUDDIES
Cocks fm fr ee
Paciello with is
1998; Paco's
former Flamingo Drive
mansion; Juliane
Moore, Rupert Ever,
Madonna, Casares,
and Pacillo, 1999,
fhe Ceremonial Hal
of the federal courthouse in Brooklyn, «
cavernous, high-ceilinged room, was almost
empty on the aflemoon of March 24, wher
Cais Paciello was led in, flanked by armed
guards. The handful of aitomneys and EB.
agents sitting in the spectators
benches waiting for their turn be
B fore Magistrate Judge Joan Azrack
in the vast wood.paneled courtroom
P barely slanced atthe prisoner as he
P wvas brought in. Dressed in bagey
blue cotton regulation prison pants,
a Vnecked shirt, and laeless sneak
ers, his hands clasped behind his
back, the 28-year-old Paciello was
hardly distinguishable from the five
10 had preceded him be
fre the jue, one tight after the other,
during the last hour and a hal. It vas
he fifth time that Paciello had been
ing on his
and the feral pros
ail ers,
1d absolutely stil, head bowed,
ees blinking hard as if to hold ba
This scene was a world away from Po
ciel’ first court appearance in Miami, just
two weeks aller his arrest on December
1999, on a racketeering charge of felony
murder and bank robbery. According to
government prosecutors, Pacicllo, whose
real name is Christian Ludwigsen, had com.
mitted these erimes seven years cal
Staten Island, New York, when he was part
of a violent Mafia crew associated wit
the Bonanno crime family. That day
limousines pulled up in front ofthe fe
parade of celebrities and leading Miami
ar, the Spanish
language television personality, yas ther
as was Ingrid Casares, the Miami party
isl most famous for being Madonna's
bestfriend, Ingrid’ father, Raul Casares,
one of Miami's wealthiest businessmen,
and the real-estate developer Gerry Robins
showed up, along with Oowan Drie maga
zine’s publisher, Jason BinnFt
a
er
Paciello had moved to Miami Beach
from Staten Island only five years earlier,
‘ut in that time he had become one of the
city’s biggest success stories. He owned
two of the resort community’ hotest night-
clubs, Liquid and Bar Room, as well as
Jia, one ofits hippest restaurans, and he
‘was already a milionare. He drove a Mer-
cedes and a Range Rover; he owned a 50-
foot yacht and a massive Italianate palazzo
‘on Flamingo Drive.
‘A well-respected member of the South
Beach community, Paciello had donated
to charities, hosted Mayor Neisen Kasdins
reelection party at Bar Room, and helped
several people, including Ingrid Casares,
kick serious drug habits. “Ingrid was a to-
tal disaster for many years, until she met
Cis,” her father testified tearfully
‘During his years in Miami, Pacillo had
‘made many famous friends: Sean “Pufly”
Combs, Hugh Hefner, Donald Trump. And
the women in his lif included Vergara, the
actress Jennifer Lopez, MTV VJ. Daisy
Fuentes, the model Niki Taylor, and Madon
na herself, with whom he was rumored to
have been, briefly, more than friends.
F people in South Beach were
shocked by the charges against Pa-
cielo, they were also convinced, at
least at frst, that if he had done
what the government claimed, he
hhad put his past behind him. Heid
hed a troubled youth, hs friends be-
lieved, and he had come to Miami “to clean
up his act,” says one Miami businessman,
Unfortunately, it has become clear dut-
ing the last few months that the govern
‘ments prosecutors do not believe Paciello's
bbad behavior is a thing of the past. Act
cording to the government, Paciello had a
known mobster threaten a business com-
petitor, He also allegedly bribed an under-
‘cover cop to arrest another rival, and paid
several thousand dollars to a Mafia contact,
to intimidate a witness, At least one of his
clubs, itis claimed, was set up with diny
‘money. “The evidence is overwhelming that
Mr, Ludwigsen was attempting to bring
the intimidating and violent tactics of La
‘Cosa Nostra here to Miami,” the lead as-
sistant US. attorney, Jim Walden, has sad
‘Today most of Paciell’s wealthy and
famous friends refuse to speak about him
Publicly, and they do not turn up at his
court appearances. On March 24, only his
grandfather Louis Paciello and his aunts
Barbara Tafuri and Bernadette Zdanowice
ccame to support him. They waved to him,
and although both aunts tried to smile
their encouragement, one had teas sream-
ing down her face.
Until his trial this September, Paciello is
living under 24-hour-a-day guard at his
familys small town house in Staten Island
His phones ate tapped, his visitors vetted
by the US. Attorney's Office. Today most
of Paciell's Miami friends and former em
ployees are deeply torn about what has
happened, “So maybe he Killed someone,
fr drove the getaway car. liked him,” says
fone club owner. “He had a very’ good
head for business”
“Chris was @ smalhtime guy who may
hhave done some bad things,” says one Mi-
fami businessman, “But his celebrity? He
deserved it. He earned it. Despite his back-
ground”
“Chris came to South Beach and he
helped revive it,” says Max Blandford, a
manager of Level, one of the city’s newer
and more spectacular clubs. “For him (0
pull off what he did was really remark-
able. The stupid side of him is he has a
big mouth and a lack of contro,” Bland-
ford says, “I cant imagine Chris in jail
How can someone go from having so
rach to losing it all?”
“Oh, please, he was a thug” says long-
time observer of the Miami Beach scene.
“He succeeded because we have no stan
dards here, For God's sake, we hala street
[Leomar Parkway] named after a drug
dealer.”
Paciellos club Liquid opened on the
Friday night after Thanksgiving 1995, “It
‘was a relly really big night,” recalls Tom
‘Astin, the noted chronicler of the South
Beach party scene. "The erowds were push
‘ng against the ropes to get in. People were
shouting at us because we got in and they
ida, Some of them even spat at us.” Not
since Miami Beachs heyday in the 1940s
and 50s as the American Riviera, a play:
sround for Frank Sinatra, Marlene Dietrich,
and Meyer Lansky, had there been a scene
in fown quite like this. Are lights played
across the sky as a glitering array of Hol-
Iywood's elite-Madonna, David Geffen,
‘Naomi Campbell, Kate Moss, Barry Dill,
Michael Cuine, and Gloria Estfan-—alight-
ced from their limousines and swept past
the velvet ropes into Liquids two.stary Art
Deco building on Washington Avenue at
{Sth Street. The evening, Austin says, Was
“the South Beach club equivalent of Tru-
‘man Capote’ Black and White Ball”
South Beach is a town as famous fr its
nightie as it is for its palmetined white
beaches, its pastekcolored Art Deco archi-
tecture, and its magnificent heliotrope-blue
sky at dusk. It was filled with nightclubs
‘when Paciello opened Liquid, but most of
them were modest, No one had managed
to attract the kind of erowds and media
hype that Chris Pacello did at Liquid,
“Chris put Liquid in a place that was
famous for failing,” recalls Blandford,
who was running a club called Warsaw
at the.time, “but [he] pulled it off.” From
the start, Pacielo appeared to understand
what made a club successful. He not only
filled his VIP. room with eelebrites, but
hired the best promoters and the best
D.Js-Hex Hector, Victor Calderone, and
Lord G—bringing many of them down
from clubs in New York. “From a music
perspective he was a leader in this ety,
says Gerry Kelly, a wellknown club im-
presario.
‘On Liquids opening night, Pacillo was,
he was on most nights at is clubs, the
perfect host, “He was totally smooth, po
lt, fetching drinks for you himself.” says
Anstin,Paciello, people say, was enormous-
ly charming. He racy said much, but there
was a. gentleness about him. “He was al-
most lyrical,” says a man who worked for
him, He was aso with his bedroom eyes
and soft, beestung mouth-considered to
bbe one of the most beautiful young men in
a city where physical beauty is worshiped
“Its amazing how far that took him,” says
cone former associate, “I've seen women
jump him (in his clubs)-it unbelievable
Models. I've seen women grind their pel
vises against him.” "He was hot,” says one
‘man. “A Marilyn Monroe of men, a mag-
net,” says Blandford.
But even early on, there were people in
‘Miami who wondered slout where Paciel
Jo had come from. “There was something
‘abit skitish about him,” says one journale
jst who covered the clubs. “People always
said he might have some connection to
organized crime.... IF he did what they
say he did, imagine living with that—dat-
ing supermodels, making tons of money,
hhaving so much fame, and wondering all
the time: What if they catch me?”
acillo arvved in South Beach
sometime in the summer of
1994, around the time of his
23rd birthday. He came down
with a few friends from Stat-
en Island, determined, one
of them ier testified, o tart
bis own nightclub. “He was,” says a club
owner who befriended him early on, “a
rough kid when he came here.” Mary D.,
1 club promoter who met Paciello shortly
after he moved to Florida, says, “He used
to wear warmup pants and tank tops.”
“He was very guido,” recalls a friend,
‘One of the first people Paciello went to
see was Carlo Vuccarezza, who, with the
actor Mickey Rourke, owned a Washington
‘Avenue nightclub called Mickey's. Before he
moved to Mian, Vaecarezza had been the
river of the Gambino “family” don, JohnARRESTED
DEVELOPMENT
Above, Pacelo’s
‘mug shot from a
1995 Miami DULL
atest, Rgh, the
Sten Island
home, second
from right, where
Pacillo is under
house arrest.
Gotti Sr. Vacearerzas link to the Gambinos
was no secretin South Beach; pictures of
Gott were plastered allover the club. “Peo
ple used to pitch pennies outside Mickey's
real goomibahs ike they were in Brook
recalls one former patron. “Chris already
knew Carlo” when he arrived in Florida,
according to Mary D., who says she fist
met Vaccarezza in New York through her
father, who owned a club, Within a couple
of months, Vaccarezza had sold the lease
on the location to Paciello, who closed
Mickey's and reopened it as a new club
Risk, On his application fora liquor license
for Risk, Paciello said that he had beea an
assistant manager of @ Staten Island night-
club—although later, in a deposition, he
conceded that his work experience in
clubs had been as a doorman. F
claimed that it had cost him $141
assume Vacearezzas lease, which he had
paid for witha $125,000 loan from Robert
a Staten Island gym owner,
Currie later told The Village Voice he
thad never lent Paciello the money
Paciello's partner in Risk was Mi-
chael Caruso, @ well-known Man-
hattan nightclub promoter who
called himself “Lord Michael” He
had gained some notoriety promot
ing events for Peter Gatien, who
owned such Manhattan clubs as
Limelight and Tunnel, As it would
later emerge, during Gatien’s 1998
trial on charges that he distributed
drugs in his clubs, Caruso was
also a drug dealer, had robbed an
A.TM., and may have been in-
volved in at least one murder.
Compared with the later glory
of Liquid, Risk was a shabby club
“Ie was & hole-in-the-wall,” says
‘Andrew Delaplaine, who founded
ay nightlife paper
isk Was aso, for at east
a season, one of the Beach's hot-
ter and more decadent clubs. That
vas largely Caruso's doing. With
his New York connections, Caru-
so promoted the club and de-
signed many of its events, inclu
ing its popular gay night
“Risk Your Anus”
but he stayed out of
spol. “You've
been the face that
everybody knows, you
know how to deal
with people,” Caruso
later suid that Pacillo
had told him, “Tm a
goon, Pm not & high:
fashion pretty-boy
iL 1995, just six months after it
‘opened, Risk was destroyed by a fire. A
eile, wedged between two seat cush-
was said to have started the blaze
et Stafford, South Beach’ pre-eminent
elub doorman, was working for Paciello
a the time of the fre, “I went over to the
1b right away Ils. “Chris was
siting on a barstool. The man was shat
tered." The Miami Beach Fire Department
arson but could not prove it, To-
day, federal prosecutors say they have &
witness who claims that Pacelloarran
‘to have Risk burned in order to get the in-
surance money, although many people are
not so sure, Gossip around the New York
club scene vas that Caruso hiad arranged
for the fire. He had left South Beach a
month before it occurred, ater a fight with
Paciello in which, he later testified, Paciel
Jo had put a gun in his fee and threat-
ned him. “The allegations concerning Risk
have been circulating for many years now
without any evidence whatsoever lo support
them,” says Pacielo's attorney, Benjamin
Brafisan, “The fire at Risk was determined
by the insurance company to be accidental
However Risk burned, Paciello did even
tally get an insurance payment of $250,000,
Using that money, he opened Liquid seven
months after the fire. Before he did that,
however, there was a “third party who got
money from the insurance proceeds,” says
fone man who knew of the transaction.
‘When Cris bought the lease from
cearezza, I don’t think he paid all cash
someone had a note.” This man says that
all be can emember is that Pacillo had to
pay it back to “a guy in Fort Lau
Tust who the “third party” was became
4 key question for the PB.L., the Miami
Beach police, and prosecutors as the in
vestigation into Paciello's Mob connec
tions heated up. The only public record
which suggests that any creditor to Risk
was repaid is @ mention in Florida cor
porate records of a company called “Ki
Asthur Inc," which lent money co Risk
fand then was removed as a creditor two
twoeks hefore Pacillo officially dissolved
Risk as a corporation, A friend, rea
to law-enforcement allegations that Pac
lo was a froat for the Mob, says that if Pa
ciello had any business dealings with the
Mob it was only briefly and in the past. “I
think maybe there was Mafia money, but
‘it was a Mafia Toan—they give money, but
took a note,” says this friend. “I don’t
think Chris was fronting for the Mob.”
Others disagree, “I don't think you go
down to Miami, get into business with
Mob help, aad then get out,” says Joseph
Cofley, speaking generally from his experi
cence Working on organized-crime cases
for the NYPD. and the New York State
cielo met Ingrid Casares
during the time he was eu
ning Risk, when she was
known principally for bei
the lover of famous women.
She frst hit the gossip col:
umns around 1992 as the
Girlfriend of comedian Sandra Bernhard
As the story went, Bernhard introduced
Casares to Madonna, who then stole her
away. Casares’s relationship with Madons
was given a public airing in Madonna's
1992 book, Sex. “Pm gonna have to go now
ceause T have t0 finger Fuck Ingrid or she’s
gonna feak,” Madonna wrote in the book
In Miami, where she grew up, Casares,
now 35 years old, was regarded as some
thing of alost young conzisuen ow race nres
Ui >
i .
“Tmagine
| having so much fame,
, __ and wondering:
» What ifthey catch me?”
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the
Alice Neel
conrinueD rxow rag ise an elder hepeat
than a member ofthe Salvation Army.
Neel credited the psychiatrist she began
seeing in 1958 with helping her turn her ea-
reer around, As Naney remembers, the ther-
apis said something like “Why dont you go
{o soine of those openings and ak
some of those important people to
sit for you?” The idea clicked with
shrinks like that, who needs agents
or dealers? The body of work that
followed, and that preoccupied Neel
for much of the rest of her lif, i a
vigorous record of artists, critics,
writers, historians, and other art.
world figures ofthe time. This move
fon Neel’s part-to start to repre
sent the powerful instead of the
powerless has been interpreted as a
careers step. But that’s over sim
plistc. In fact, Nee! seems to have
been born to paint this world,
‘world in which she had one foot in
and one foot out
‘As Nancy says, t's nota if she
had compromised by doing portraits
of CE.O/s and presidents of the
‘board, oF [members of] the Harvard
(Chub Looked at together, these artsvord pice
tures area fascinating collective portrait. Her
paintings of poet and curator Frank O'Hara,
artist Robert Smithson, curator Henry Gold-
‘ale, writer and editor Cindy Nemset, and
critic Davi Bourdon, wit his over and flow
ttc Gregory Battcock, are classics. From a
contemporary vane poi, there’ something
touching in the sense of selFimportance that
fan come across in these images of people
who once wielded great authority but are in
‘many cases now forgotten. And yet it's the
‘avkwardlooking painting ofa shires and
scarred Andy Warhol, done in 1970, aftr he
was shot inthe chest and abdomen by Valerie
Solanas, that s the masterpiece of this period.
Itaso serves ay a testament to both Nest and
Warhol 10 her for being able to gst so deep
into his emotional and physical being, and to
him fr allowing himself to be represented in
‘a manner that must ave gone agains ll his
‘beings of shyness and vay, (i work noting
‘that Warhol ako allowed his sears to be pho-
AST LOOK
Alice Nee, photographed in New York
Gy by Robert Mapplethorpe shortly before
her death in October 1984, Both image
‘makers ran afoul of censors.
tographed by Richard Avedon, and thatthe
result proved more gamorizng than piercing)
By the time Neel died she had not only
painted a kind of archacology of the Ameri-
fun art Word i the 608 and 70s but also pro-
duced a sizable number of nudes and paint
ings of pregnant women, In addition, she had
done portraits of people such as Che Gue
vara and Kate Milett who were intrinsic t0
the era (Neel painted Milett as a commis-
sion for Tine in 1970, back in the days when
the magazine used serious painters regularly
for its covers.) Her portraits of such icons,
done fiom photographs, can be a tad 1 i
usta to have the real Nee! punch; a oth
er times her work from this period can feel
covery folksy, or cramped, (It shouldn't be
forgotten that Neel worked in modest cic
cumstances, in a oom in her apat-
rent; her views weren't conducive
to the sense of infinite space that
one fees, say, in the work of Jack
son Pollock, who had those wide
‘open Long Island horizons to gaze
at.) But when Ned is at her bes
boom! Take her 1970 double por
trait of the Manhattan transvestite
Jackie Cutis and her boyfriend at
the time, Rita Redd, both of whom
‘were part of Warhof's circle. What
makes the painting unforgetable is
that Nes! doesn't sensationalize the
fact that these are men breaking
taboos in multiple ways. She depicts
the ordinariness that was such a
part of what Curtis and Redd were
after. In the painting itself, Curtis
comes across as all woman, while
Redd, who has been called & part
time transvestite, Tooks like much
more ofa “pu.” This portrait of thet rla-
tionship never goes forthe cheap shot. Ie
pure Ne-honest, diret, and human,
‘She once sui, “IfI have any talent in res
tion to people apart from planning the whole
cama it is my identification with them, 1 get
so identified when I paint them, when they 20
home Hel fight ful, Thave no sel T've gone
into this other person, And by doing that,
there's a kind of something I get that other
artists don't get. I is my way of overcoming
the alienation. 1 my ticket to reality’
“This identification shows, and i's what
rakes the work really something.
Chris Paciello
conriwuep raow race ian woman, The
daughter of a wealthy Cuban-American bus
inessman, she was smart and funny and
partied hard. She developed a serious co
faine problem and didn't do much other
than lve off her father’s money. Being Ma
onnals fiend, people say, was, fora while,
the biggest thing in her life. “There was a
period when she was going around the De-
Jano [hotel] telling pcople, ‘Madonna said
this? ‘Madonna and I did that “Madonna
‘wants this and ‘Um her best fiend,” says
‘man who has known hee fr years, “Amar
ingly, she got avy with it” Meeting Pavel
some say, was a big turning point in
Casares’ life. “He helped her reinvent her-
self” says a fiend of Paciello’.
TP Risk was rough and decadent, largely
the vision of Michael Caruso, Paciello’s
next three ventures~Liguid, Bar Room, and
Joia-bore Casares’s stamp. He hited her
‘and basically turned over to her the re-
sponsibility of making Liquid a far more
upscale and sophisticated club than Risk
had ever been. If people in Miami Beach
had snickered at Casares’: friendship with
Madonna, her “social climbing,” and her
“statfucking” they suddenly saw how hand=
somely it had paid off. Working her con-
nections she packed Paciello's elubs with
famous people, such as her friends Donatel-
la Versace and Gloria Estefan and such
stars as Bette Midler and Cher,
Withcaaes Posi za to bece
something of a eelebrity himself. She
‘overhauled hit wardrobe and took him to
parties where he was photographed with her
and Madonna. “Ingrid sort of pimped for
says one society reporter, She report=
edly intoduced him to Niki Talon, whom
Pacillo dated in 1996, Pacelli longest and
most serious relationship, however, was with
Sofia Vergara. But uler he met Casares, Pac
ciello was swarmed by women. A man who
worked for him remembers one night at Lige
uid when he spent most of the evening try-
ing to keep Vergara, Taylor, and Daisy
Fuentes avay from one another. “In that
world, Chris became somewhat ofan object
of desire,” says one friend
“I dont think that Chris and Ingrid sleptChris Paciello
together" says this fiend, “They are... cok
Iaboratos, on a mission. They are also both
very cold, they are both hunters, They are
diferent in many ways, but at a point they
connect. He had seats and she needed a
place to sit. He gave her an identity, a plat-
form. There was an ineredible magie there,
Ifyou think about che nighteldb world and
what those two created in their collabora-
tion, their energy, it’s prety remarkable”
By the time they opened Bar Room on
Lincoln Road, in the beginning of 1999,
with financial backing from Ingrid’ father,
Paciello and Casares seemed an unbeatable
team. A hnge success, Bar Room was more
Jounge than dance club, catering to an old
of, wealthier clientele than Liquid did. Joia,
the open-air, Mediteruneanstyle restaurant
fon Ocean Drive, which opened in 1998,
vas also a big success. Even now, with Pa
ciello under house arrest, Joia is filled to
overllowing most nights with models and
Eurotrash and wealthy Miamians, thei
Navigntors, Mercedeses, and Roll-Royces
parked atthe cub,
Paciell worked hard, regularly putting in
sour days. “He ran his els lke a busi
nes,” says Mary D. He dida't drink much,
didnt smoke, and never touched drugs, more
than once banging down the bathroom door
wine he thought one of his employees might
be snorting or injecting himself. “He hates
that,” says Gilbert Stafford, “He hates peo-
ple doing drugs” Stafford, as was the case
with many people who worked for Pacillo,
liked him. “He has a very democratic nas
tue,” Stalfond says. “I remember siting at
the Delano, atthe pool, and there was Chris
siting around with his queens, the guys who
‘uit the [ay] night at Liquid. Chris treated
these queens with utter respect, and they
‘worked their ases off for him.”
(Cates ae ambi ink te
really wanted respectability,” says one
‘man who knows her. “Ingrid was in the
trenches, doing the work,” says Madonna's
publicist, Liz Rosenberg. “She did inter~
views, she went to radio stations. Ingrid
promoted her clubs in a big, big way. 1
think she was very proud that she accom
plished something in her own right.
By the end of 1997, Sleve Lewis, a top
New York club promote, wanted to hire
Casares to help him reopen Studio $4 in
New York, “Ingrid,” says Lewis, “seemed
poised to be the next Steve Rubell.” Lewis
remembers flying down to Miami to meet
with Casares. [My] rules were dat I would
‘not meet with Chris for the fist halChowg”
says Lewis. "I had to explain my postion
that Cheis would never get a (liquor) li-
cense in New York because he had reputed
‘Mob connections. Ingrid could come in as
a partner—she would be the font. The kick-
er was that Chis could never come to the
club,” says Lewis, who is awaiting sentenc-
jing on charges that he permitted drug deal
jing in nightlubs owned by Peter Gatien,
Even though she eventually turned down
the offer, the episode angered Pacielo, On
December 29,1997, and aguin on Fanuary 1,
1998, Paciello had conversations with Domi-
nic “Big Dom” Dionisio that were reconded
by the EBLL The tap had apparently been
pput on the phone used by Dionisio, an old
friend of Paciello’s who, prosecutors say, i
fan associate in the Colombo family, In the
first conversation, according to the govern
rent’ transcript, Paciello and Dionisio
talked about Lewis's offer to Casares, and
what they should do about it
“But, ya know, she's, Uey'e gonna try and
pump her up" Paciello std, “And fuckin
start offi’ al kinds a money, and no matter
Waal, even if she's loyal and dont leave me
or whatever. Her head just gets fuckin, tke,
ya know right avay, she wanis everything”
“I don’t know how ya wanna handle i”
sys Dionisio.
“She's gonna be lke, wel, ya know, Pm
‘gettin’ offered allthis stuf” Pacielo says,
cause I'm already in this argument with
her right now”
‘Fuckin’ people, that’s how people get
and that’s the sad part, ya knows” says Di
nisio. “Pl go to the club tomorrow nigh
Dionisio tells Paciello, referring to Life
where Lewis worked. “I'l grab him, I don't
care, I'l hiss Tanna talk him Fl ll
hi, Steve, what are you doin’ with this In-
sid, stay away from her.”
In the second conversation, Dionisio
{els Pacello that Lowis refused to see him,
“So that cocksucker won't come out, huh?”
says Paciell, and Dionisio tells Paciello
What he's going to do with Lewis. “I'm
gonna terrorize him a little too, ‘cause
fuckin called and leave him a fuckin’ mes-
sage, the fuckin’ jerkoff.” The wiretap tran-
seript ends with Pacillo deseibing an inci-
dent at one of his clubs the night before,
when the police were called, “I didnt hit
the fuckin’ kid,” says Pacillo. “I grabbed
him by his neck, and I just, ya know, ‘gt
the fuck out,’ and T flung him, and he
slammed the floor, and he just laid the
for like ten minutes.
Sometime after this conversation, Lewis
says, he was approached by several men,
who had a message for him. “The message
was I had fucked up,” Lewis says, “that
(Chris was really upset at me, and it wast
jing to happen again.”
was no seoret i South Beach that Ps
cello had problems with the kw, The
First “offense incident report” in his fle at
the Miami Beach Police Department was
logged on December 9, 1994, just two
months after he opened Risk. On that date
Paciello is alleged to have stolen a 1994
BMW parked in the garage of his luxury
apartment building on Collins Avenue
Three days before, police had found » 1993
BMW Paciello had been driving burned
“as a result of an arson,” according to the
police. It had been reported stolen in New
York sometime earlier. Paielo was ares
ed and charged with grand theft for the
1994 BMW, but the case was settled out
of court,
In early 1996, Paciello allegedly beat up
an employee, Carton Barton, who, he tld
Police, had mouthed off to him. In Marc,
according to a police report, Pacello got
involved in a fight with « group of Arab-
American patrons at Liquid, which left one
of them with blood streaming. from his eas,
‘That case, too, was settled out of court. In
June, again at Liquid, Paciello beat and
kicked Michael Quinn, a weight liter and
former Mr. Universe, when he allegedly
overheard him using the word “nigger” in
refering to another Liquid patron. Quinn,
‘who says he was knocked out when Paciel
Jo hit bim with 2 botl, sued Paciell, He
Tost hie case last month when a jury deter-
mined that Paciello was acting in self
defense, Shortly before Christmas 1996, Pa-
ciello was at the South Beach club Bar
[None with Sofia Vergara when he was re-
ported to have beaten up Niki Taylor's ex-
Inosband, arena-football player Matt Marti-
rez, “Suspect is now tling people that he
is going o take victim out.” the police re-
port says in an account of what Martinez
(old officers. “Suspect comes fom NY.
and flew twenty men from NY. to Miami to
et vietim”
There was something exciting, people in
South Beach say, about Paciello’s violent
edge. The whiff of Mob connections, the
hint of dangerousness, made him all the
‘more alluring. “He hadn't much of a per-
sonality, but what he did have was very
caciting because there was a thuggishness
about him,” Andrew Delaplaine wrote in
the South Beach Review. Pacillo's friends,
however, began to become concerned about
the violent episodes. Says one, “You had
this big, very attractive, quiet guy, who was
soft in a way, and you knew had trouble in
his past, and you wanted to help him.”
he first glimpse for many people into
Cris Paciello’ past came in January
1998, when Michael Caruso took the sand
at the US. Courthouse in Brooklyn during
Peter Gatiens trial. A star government wit-
ness, Caruso had been granted limited im-
munity to testify against Gatien, his former
‘boss, on charges of conspiracy to distribute
drugs in his clubs. Caruso didn't say a
‘great deal about Paciello-whom he re-st two
a date,
2 1994
uxury
2 1993
nuened
to the
in New
for the
ed out
eat up
he tld
March,
lo got
“Arab:
ek one
ut. Tt
at and
er and
eeedly
er” in
Quinn,
Paciel
0. He
deter
n sell:
96, Pa
b Bar
Maré
hate
ie re
mn NY,
ami to
ope in
violent
2s, the
al the
a per
s very
shness
ote in
ends,
about
ut had
ible in
je ito
riuary
stand
during
nt wite
cd im
ormer
ribute
saya
he re-
ferred to as Chris Ludwigsen—but what he
said provided the first public allegation of
4 link between Paciello and the Mob.
Caruso claimed to have met Pacelo in the
summer of 1994, and he described him
a a sort of protector, his muscle on the
streets, “He was known as a tough, tough
uy.” Caruso said. “IE you get into a fight
with him, you're going to lose. Definitely
going to Tose and get a beating.” At the
"New York club Sound Factory that sum-
mer, Caruso said, Pacello had smashed a
‘bouncer’s head with an ax handle when he
‘gave Caruso trouble at the door. He also
said that Paciello, who had told him he
‘would not get involved in drugs personally,
nevertheless had leat him $10,000 to caver
Caruso end of an ecstasy drug deal. Cae
ruso also said that during his fist weeks
with Paciello in Miami Beach, Pacillo was
visited at Risk by Johnny Rizz9, 2 top mem
beer of the Gambino family, Shorly after
Caruso testified, The Village Voice revealed
that investigators believed Rizzo and John
Jackie Nose” D'Amico, a top Gotti lew
tenant, had helped to finance Risk. Today,
Benjamin Brafinan says, “There is no truth
‘whatsoever to the preposterous allegation
that Risk was a front for any organized.
frime group, anywhere. Nor is there any
{uth to the suggestion that money was ob-
tained from any organized-erime group to
‘open or operate Risk”
Gatien was acquitted ofall charges. Un-
der cross-examination by his defense attor-
ney, who also happened to be Brafinan, it
‘became clear that Caruso's credibility 8 a
witness was weak, Indeed, prosecutors say
that Caruso will not be called as a witness
in Pacielo' upcoming tril. But the Feds
have not ignored what Caruso has to say.
‘nristian Ludwigsen was the second of
three sons born to Marguerite and
George Ludwigsen, Until he was I6 years
od, the family lived in the Borough Park
section of Brooklyn. George, friends say
‘worked, among other jobs, at @ local gym
and as a doorman at a Brooklyn nightclub,
He also, according to court records, was ar-
rested numerous times in Queens and Brook
lym on charges that included auto theft,
burglary, and possession of a hypodermic
syringe
The Ludwigsens’ neighborhood was
largely Italian in those days, a working:
class community of tidy row houses with
vinyl siding and imitation-brick facades.
‘The area was considered home tur forthe
Bonanno, Gambino, and Colombo Mob
families, and Franklin Delano Roosevelt
High, which Ludwigsen attended until he
dropped out at 16, was where many chil
dren of the Mob went to school. Recalls &
3tyear-old man who grew up two blocks
away from the Ludwigsens and went to
FDR, “A lot of people's dads were in the
‘Mob, but you dida’t talk about it. They were
“in the trash busines’ or ‘in stockbroking.””
he says. “The kids had fancy cars, real
nice cars, We called them the cugines
those were the male guidos with their hair
slicked buck-and the cuginettes, the girls
with teased hair”
‘The Mob was present in the lives of
kids such as Ludwigsen. “You see a lot of
these young guys riding around in flashy
cers and no gainful employment and this
is what attracts people to that kind of Hi
So what do they do? They start hanging
fout in the clubs these guys hang out in,
they do things, to gain favor, they want to
get noticed,” says a former NPD. detec-
tive who worked organized-erime eases
in Brooklyn, According to prosecutors,
three of Chris Ludwigsen’s friends be-
‘came linked to the Mob: Dionisio, Enrico
Locasio, and Thomas Reynolds. Dionisio,
who is currently awaiting sentencing on
racketeering charges, and Locasio, whose
smother was Ludwigsen’s elementary-school
teacher, are said by prosecutors to be
Colombo-family “associates.” Reynolds,
who has been indicted with Ludwigsen,
was allegedly associated with a Bonanno
family subset, known as “the Bath Avenue
Tn 1987 the Ludwigsen family moved
across the Verrazano Bridge to Staten Is-
and, to a tiny town house behind the Stat-
cen Bland Mall, For alot of Brooklyn fam-
lies, the move to suburban Staten Island,
with its open expanses of land and many
lovely neighborhoods, was considered a
step up. It was also considered a step up
the ladder for mobsters. Sammy “the Bull”
Gravano lived there. Paul Castellano, the
Gambino boss who was murdered in 1985,
had his “White House” on wealthy Todt
Hill. Anthony Spero, the reputed former
consiliere to the Bonanno family, also
named in the indictment with Paciello,
lived there.
he fist arrest that shows up, aecording
to prosecutors, on Chris Ludwigsen’s
record—for auto theft-took place shortly
‘after he moved to Siaten Island. Ludwigsen,
friends say, had a very troubled relationship
With his fther. Drug use by a family mem-
ber, these frends say, also made things dif
ficult. Eventually, Chris and his father
both left home, At some point after that,
the son took his mother’s maiden name,
Pacielo
‘When Steve Lewis first met him, Lud-
wigsen was “basically hanging with a erew
of thuggy guys,” Lewis says. “A crew of
‘guys who hung with Lord Michael” The
night in 1985 when Lewis worked the open
ing of the Manhattan club Palladium, he
Femembers, the group showed up and start-
ced “shoving people and starting fights. It
seemed obvious to me they'd been sent. T
walked up to Chris and said he wasn’t
‘acting lke a man, that this was cheap. It
wasn't an honorable thing to do,” says
Lewis. “Whatever I said, he talked to his
Friends and they left. I thought AC least
this guy has a sense of honor.”
On December 4, 1992, aocording to
the federal indictment, Ludwigsen, along
with Thomas Reynolds and other mein
bers of the Bath Avenue crew, robbed a
Chemical Bank in the Staten Island Mall
and made off with $300,000, Two months
later, on February 18, shortly before 10
PM, according to prosecutors, Reynolds,
accompanied by at least one other man,
rang the doorbell of 9S Meade Loop, ia
the wealthy Richmond Valley area of Stat-
en Island. Inside the house, Judith Shem-
tox, 46, and her husband, Sami, were hav-
ing a cup of tee together. Judith answered
the door, assuming it was her daughter's
boyfiiend. Her husband overheard her tak-
ing to the young men. As he got up to see
who was there, according to prosecutors,
Reynolds put a 45-caliber handgun in Ju-
dith Shemtov's face and fired it. She died
‘vo hours later
‘Shemtov's murder haled police for sev
en years. “It was very strange. Meade Loop
wast a place you would go to for any rea
son. I's prety isolated,” says Dean Bal-
samini, who covered the murder for The
Staten Island Advance. “I remember it was
a very cold night, arctic. That's probably
Why there were no witnesses.” It was only
around the beginning of 1999 when the
EBL, in the midst of a Mob investigation
of the Bonanno family, stumbled across
people thought to be witnesses to both the
robbery and the murder, including some
who had participated in them, After inter.
viewing these people, the government
concluded that Shemtov had beea killed
in a botched robbery by members of the
Reynolds group, who believed that there
vas up to $1 million ina safe in her house,
and that Chris Ludwigsen had helped or-
chestrate both this erime and the bank rob-
bery and had driven the getaway car on the
night of the murder, “It was a horrible
crime,” says a former NY.PD. detetive.
“We're talking about a total innocent vie~
tio here.”
Sy the early part of 1999, things were go-
ing well for Chris Paciello. Liguid and
Bar Room were hits, and he was making
plans to open 2 branch of Liquid in West
Palm Beach. Like most South Beach club
owners, Paciello hired off-duty Miami
Beach police officers, who patrolled his
clubs in uniform for added security. One of
them was Andrew Dohler, formerly withthe
NYPD, whom Paciello befriended. “TheyChris Paciello
were both from the same neighborhood,”
says one M.BBPD. detective. According to
lav-enforcement officials, Dobler persuad-
ed Paciello that he was a dity cop. To
prove his loyalty, he agreed 1 tip Paciello
‘off to impending police raids of his clubs
and do other “fivors” for him.,As federal
investigators began (0 close in én Paciell,
the Miami Beach police began their own
investigationwith Dobler as their mote.
By the spring of 1999, Pacillo, says a
fiend, knew that some of his former asso-
ciates were talking to the Feds, “Chris was
scared,” this friend says, In June he talked
o Dobler about what he should do. Ac-
cording to court documents, Paciello al-
legedly told the undercover cop that the
witnesses cooperating with federal investi-
gators should be killed, along with their
families
Paciello may have been nervous, but, a
cording to prosecutors, not that nervous.
‘Around the time of the conversation with
Dohler, according to prosecutors, the two
took Paciell's yacht to a waterfront restau-
rant to meet Alphonse Persico, the acing
head of the Colombo erime family. Invest-
‘ors will noe reveal what was said at the
neeting, but Pacello’s contact with Persico
‘gne them powerful ammunition, It now
appeared they had a portrait of a young
‘man—an “earner,” in Mafia parlanee—who
moved easily among the Gambino, Bonan
ro, and Colombo file.
Unlike New York-which is famous for
fis Mob tue wars—Miamni has aways been
considered an “open city” by New York's
Mafia families, run for decades by the
South Florida boss, Santo Traffcante, who
died in 1993. Today no single family con-
lwols it. “All ive of them can go in there
and do busines,” says Joe Coffey. “They
split up the money.” Corruption in Miami's
booming construction industry, its restau-
rants, and its clubs, along with the drug
‘trade, have made the city big proit center
for the Mob. If investigators are right, a
young man like Paciello was the perfect
front. “A charming, good-looking guy, good
with the ladies, and a semiclean record,”
speculates one investigator, “He could be
valuable as ong as he's putting money in
their pockets”
Paciello’s relationship with Dohles, how-
ever, makes some wonder just how power-
ful he was. “He's making friends with a
‘dinty’ cop?” says this investigator. “IF he
really had power, he'd hire a strong arm”
On September 28, 1999, Paciello had an-
‘ther conversation with Dohler, this time in
Pacicllo’s office on Lincoln Road. Dohler
showed up at the meeting in uniform, weat-
ing a wire. They talked briefly about Doh
Jer gesting into the narcotics unit, “You get-
ting there could help me lot,” Pacielo
said, according to the wiretap iranscrpt,
“We could put some pressure on those
clubs and also I'll know when there's pres
sure on me." The conversation then turned
to Gerry Kelly
Fer he ptvions seven months the re
owned South Beach promoter had
been working for Pacello, putting his sty
‘sh, flamboyant stamp on Liquid, Bar Room,
and Joia. But the day before Paciello met
Dohler, Kelly had quit to become @ partner
in Level. It was a devastating blow for Pac
ciello. Level was going to open in one of
the biggest and most spectacular spaces on
‘Washington Avenue, and by any measure it
was going to threaten Ligud’s busines. To
day, Kelly says that he asked Paciello to
lose Liquid and go into the Level partnet=
ship with him. But, afer several months of
negotiating, Paciello, according to Kelly,
got cold feet. “He fet the club was too big,
that’s what he stig,” says Kelly, “But ... 1
ddon't think he wanted to share the lime-
light” Kelly never spoke to Paciello afer he
resigned, so it wasn’t until much later
when Florida law-enforcement officals told
him that they'd had him under protective
surveillance that he learned how furious
Paciello vas.
“This guy [Kelly], what do you want to
do?” Dobler asked Paciello when they met
fn September 29, according to the wiretap
Uwanscript. “This fucking [Kelly], he's got a
bad drug problem, he's always got drugs
‘on him,” Pacielo responded. “He always
dives drunk; you ean arrest him... I rel
ly want to hurt this guy; you get this guy
‘good and I'l take care of you big time.”
(Kelly has denied using drugs or driving
‘under the influence.) Paciello was also an-
sry at Kelly's partner Noah Lazes, accord:
ing to the transcript. “Tm telling you the
fowwner of the club, we got to get his head
fucking. broken in,” Paciello told Doble.
"We got to get him beat up. got to get him
whacked”
‘There is no question that Paciello was
under growing pressure. Two weeks after
his meeting with Dobler, on October 15,
‘Thomas Reynoldswho has maintained
his innocence—was arrested in New York
for the murder of Judith Shemtoy, and the
NYPD. told The Staten Island Advance
that a search was under way for his ace
ccomplices,
AA the end of October, Pacillo had an-
‘other conversation with Dobler. Tey spoke
boiefly about how Dobler had not yet been
able to arrest Kelly, but Pacielo seemed
‘more upset about other matters. “Oh, bull
shit... All the shit goin’ om this year” Pa-
ciello said, according to the transcript.
“There's 15 clubs opening-millions and
‘lions they're putting in all these cubs,
God, I mean nonstop ... Ah, fuck every
fone... 1 fel lke putting on my costume
goin out trick or treatin,” says Paciello, re.
erring, according to prosecutors, to doing
“home invasions,” the sort of robbery in
which Shemtov vas killed. “I'm tli’ y
sys Paciello, “I gotta come out of fuckint
retirement. 've become a big pussy down,
haere... A big sucka,”
If prosecutors are right, a month after
talking to Dobler, Paciello did something
that, alone, is probably enough to put him
in jail for years to come. Around that time,
they allege, Pacillo paid $5,000, through
an intermediary, to “John Doe 2,” a Malia
associate of “John Doe,” who on Novem
ber 17 threatened a family member of a
witness against Paciello. Ifthe witness con
tinued to cooperate, the family member
was allegedly told, “everybody is dead”
Paciello was finally indicted, along with
Anthony Spero and seven others, on No-
vember 23, and he was arrested on De-
ember 1. If convicted on all counts, Pa
ciello Faces sentence of life in prison. As
for Andrew Dohler, on January Il he was
named “Officer of the Year” by the Mia-
‘mi Beach Police Department and com-
mended for his efforts to “ink Paciello to
traditional Italian organized crime.
‘Benjamin Brafman offers a very dllfer-
ent assessment of Dohler’s work. “A
careful review of the Dohler tape record
ings,” Brafman says, “will make it ab-
solutely clear that Dohler is untrustworthy
and that the governments interpretation of
these conversations is simply not suppert-
ced by the actual facts" Bratman specifical-
ly dismisses the government’ allegation
that Paciello puid to have a witness intimi-
dated, “Is absolutely false,” he says. But
Brafinan does say, “We do not intend to
respond to every baseless allegation that
surfaces, but will concentrate our efots on,
the only two charges aguinst Mr, Pacillo
in the indietment~ charges be is not guilty
‘of Brafman continues, “Mr. Paciella vig
‘orously denis the allegations in the feder-
al indictment and looks forward to his day
in court”
here is not much left now of what Pa-
cielo built. Bar Room was sold in
April for a reported $2 million. Today, Lig
Lid is a shadow ofits former self, On most
nights i is nearly empty, atracting mostly
ids; the V.LP. area is usually deserted. Po
ciello's magnificent canalfront palazz0 on
Flamingo Drive and his house on San
Marino Island have both been sold. He
(old the judge that his yacht had been “piv-
cn uway” Only Joia, now run by one of Pe-
ciello's partners, Nicola Sirvo, is still bz
ing, the last reminder of Paciello's success
in South Beach,ne
Ingrid Casares has moved on. She is
row trendily pregnant, along with Madon
1, and is doing a smatering of consulting
work and managing the D.J, Vietor Cal:
drone. She has professed her loyalty to
Paciollo, and, according to Liz Rosenberg,
she continues t0 be very concemed about
im, But few people know what she has re
vealed about him in her grandjury tes
ony. She was given immunity, which pre
sumably will shield her from the govern
ents allegation that she received “over &
hundred thousand dollars” in cash pay
ments from Paciello and Liquid that she
did not disclose to the LR.S. It is also a
leged that Casares, in a conversation in
prison last December 14, told Paciello that
she would lie to the grand jury about the
payments although she eventually did not
Casares's lawyer, Bruce Mafic, declined to
comment on the goveramen
‘other than to observe.” he sy,
Casares has not bs
(5 allegations,
‘that Me
rn charged.” “She will
survive,” says Andrew Delapaine, echoing
the sentiment held by many people in
South Beach. “We're talking opportunistic
here-it's one of Ingrid’ charms.”
As he emerged from the courthou
Brooklyn on March 29, Pacello was g
by a svarm of reporters and photographers.
After months of bitter arguing between his
{lorneys and US. prosecutors over the
jrms of his bail, Paciello was final
leased from prison and on his way to house
tarrest in Staten Islnd until his trial, Before
be got into the car that awaited him, Pace
lo turned to the gathered reporters. “Its i
God's hands now,” he said, as the two
guards who will watch him around the
clock stood by
‘You know" says one reporter, “i i
weren't for Madonna and Jennifer Lopez
and Ingrid, held be just another guido in
federal court.” Perhaps, ifthe prosecutors
right, But he would also be a young
‘man who, if only for one shining mome
showed how talented he was and what he
right bave been, C)
Amis and Amis
now race 14s What Became
of Jane Austen? (1920), Kingsley wro
John D, MacDonald is by any standards
a better writer than Saul Bellow, only Mac
Donald writes thrillers and Bellow is @
hhumar-heart chap, so guess who wears the
top-grade laurels?” With his father dead,
the reverent nods in Experience to th
“radiance of Ravelstein” Ravelten, that
Tuesdays with Morrie
Tor highbrows-and the
“prince” of More Die
of Heartbreak ascend to
intimate rapture, He ad
dresses Bellow
Do you remember 1
called you on the day my
father ded? And you were
reat, You said the only
hing that could have po
sibly been of any use to
me. The only thing that
‘would Belp me through to
he other side. And I said
duly, "You'll have to be
nny father now” T worked,
and sill works. A longa
youre alve Til never
ntl ethers.
Tes still working, in
1999, But F mustn't em
roach on the terttory
‘occupied by Gregory, Adam and Daniel
and by fourth child, expected at the end of
he millenium. 1 feel itis okay to, quote
from a letter 1 wrote Janis (Bellow’s fifth
wife]... because T am only quoting my fae
thee: “The greatest difficulty 1s believing in
the baby's resilience. But they ave resilient
fanatically resilient... You do. know this,
don't you, about Saul? You will have a bit
of him, half of him, forever
be a lacuna in my emotional reper
ut [find allthis gooey and unseer
iy. Martin Amis is litle old to be Bra
ddon de Wilde chasing after Shane
Assassins of Kingey Amis in
terviewed him for this magazine in
1989), I dreaded the prospect of his pubs
lished letters even a8 Tas pawing to get at
them to see whom he slagged. After al
he publication of his pal Philip Larkin’s
letters in 1992 muddied Larkin’s reputae
ion, transforming the poet laureate of late
night loneliness ("Deprivation is for_ me
for Wordsworth,” he
FAMILY AFFAIR
“Martin and Kingsley Aris fk
Kingsley’s second wile,
Elizabeth lane Howard, at thet home in
Hampstead, England, ciea 1980.
famously remarked) into a dirty lech pant.
ing after naughtyschoolgel porn and teem
ing with jolly pr Keep up the
cracks about niggers and wogs,” he en
‘couraged Amis.) If Larkin's letters gave
high-minded sorts the suiffies, Kingsley
‘Amis’ were certain to be even more li
3, because he had devoted so much
more print space during his career to
needling women, minorities, and leftving
robs, His hazy and rudely uncharitable
Momoirs of 1992 offered the spoutings of
a beachedwhale Tory. Also, there is the
matter of sheer quanlity. As Amis himself
once formulated, “MoRE wil mean WORSE:
Where Larkin’ letters ran 790-some pages,
inchuding index, Amis's balloon to 1,200
plus packed pages, scrupulously annotated
by Zacbary Leader to the point of insan-
ity. (When Amis compliments his hosts
h served
at_dinner, a footnote
forms us that it was
“fried mealie (maize)
bread” stout work, She
Jock!) When Amis refers
to an allwomen’s college
as “that eunt-only plac
oF to his penis as his
‘pork sword,” one’s fre:
bodings return
Most of the humor
and invective in the let
ters from Amis to Larkin
are in tho classic English
saucy-bottoms tradition
that stretches from Ch
cer to Benny Hill to the
cartoon mag Viz. They
end most of thei letters
to each other by attach
ing the word “bum” 0
fof some current cliché or plat
, such as “Anthony Burgess’s gusto
tnd exuberance springs [i] from his be
ant bum’ and “The laner Cities are Full
of frustrated blacks looking for burn.” Al
cap phrases such &s “DREADFUL STENCH
OF ANUS” and “A PORRIDGE BOWL. FILLEL
‘wir aren surr” suddenly boom, al
with brisk bulletins such as "Have just de-
liveted a recking billet of turd into the
lavatory pan.” The lavatorial byplay in
Larkin's and Amis’ letters can be defend-
ed in theory. The concentration required