1.

Ren hp nht (Unified Thread UN)

1.1 Gii thiu
Ren Unified Thread ra i sau chin tranh th gii ln th hai nhm mc ch tiu chun ha
v tng cng kh nng lp ln i vi mi ghp ren ca ba nc M, Canada v Anh cng
nh khc phc mt s hn ch trong phng php gia cng ren.
c tnh hnh hc, kch thc, cp chnh xc, dung sai v k hiu ren Unified Thread c qui
nh ln u tin trong tiu chun ANSI/ASME B1.1:1949 ban hnh nm 1949. Sau nhiu
ln sa i, b sung phin bn mi nht ca tiu chun ny l ANSI/ASME B1.1:2003.

Hnh 1. Profile c bn ca ren Unified Thread

1.2 Cc dng ren ca Unified thread
Unified Coarse Thread UNC
UNC l loi ren bc th c dng rng ri nht cho cc mi ghp c bn ko thp v
yu cu tho lp nhanh trn cc loi vt liu c bn thp nh gang, thp t carbon, ng,
nhm.
Unified Fine Thread UNF
UNF l loi ren bc mn, c dng cho nhng mi ghp yu cu bn cao hoc nhng
mi ghp c thnh mng v khong lp ghp ngn. Ngoi ra, nh gc nng ren nh, ren
UNF cn c trong nhng trng hp cn s vi chnh chiu di lm vic ca ren.
Unified Extra Fine Thread UNEF
UNEF l loi ren bc cc mn, c dng khi chiu dy mi ghp nh hn chiu dy mi
ghp bng ren UNF.
Ngoi ra, gim ng sut tp trung, y ca ba loi ren ny c bo trn v cho ra i
dng ren UNR vi k hiu tng ng l UNRC/UNRF/UNREF. Bulong ca ba loi ren ny vn
dng ai c UN.

Constant Pitch Series UN Series

Dng ren bc khng i ny c dng khi cc dng ren UNC, UNF v UNEF khng p ng
c cc yu cu k thut khi thit k. N bao gm 8 kiu vi s ren trn 1 inch ln lt l 4,
6, 8, 12, 16, 20 ,28 v 32
Unified special UNS
L s kt hp gia ng knh ren v s ren trn 1 inch ca kiu ren ny khng c trong
nhng tiu chun k trn. Khng nn dng kiu ren ny tr khi c nhng yu cu khc khe
v mt k thut trong thit k.

Bng 1. Phi hp gia ng knh ren v s vng ren trn 1 inch ca ren UN & UNR (trch
tiu chun ASME B1.1-2003)
1.3 Dung sai ren
Tiu chun ANSI/ASME B1.1:2003 phn ra 3 cp dung sai (1, 2, 3) nh gi chnh
xc ca ren v hnh hc, v tr v khe h khi lp ghp. Thm vo ch A ch ren ngoi,
ch B ch ren trong

bn

1A, 1B : c khe h lp ln nht, thng dng trong nhng mi trng c nhiu bi

2A, 2B : khe h trung bnh v c dng ph bin nht trong cc mi ghp bng
bulong v vt

3A, 3B : c kn kht cao nht, dng cho nhng mi ghp chnh xc cao

1.4. K hiu ren Unified thread

Di y gii thch mt s k hiu ren Unified Thread thng gp
3/8 16 UNC 2B LH (21)

3/8 : ng knh danh ngha ca ren l 3/8 inch

16 : c 16 ren trn 1 inch
UNC : ren bc th
2B : ren l c dung sai cp 2
LH : ren tri (ren phi khng cn ghi)
(21) : k hiu lin quan n vic o kim ren theo tiu chun ASME/ANSI 1.3M
34 0.0625P 0.1875L (3 STARTS) UNF SPL-EXT (23)

34 : ng knh danh ngha ca ren l 34 inch

0.0625P : bc ren 0.0625

0.1875L : bc xon 0.1875
(3 STARTS) : ren 3 u mi
UNF : ren bc mn
SPL : ren c bit (special)
EXT : ren ngoi (external)
(23) : k hiu lin quan n vic o kim ren theo tiu chun ASME/ANSI 1.3M

2. Ren tam gic h Met

2.1 Gii thiu
Ren tam gic h Met c dng ph bin Vit Nam v nhiu nc khc trn th gii. c
tnh k thut ca loi ren ny c qui nh trong tiu chun ASME B1.13M-2005 (tng
thch vi tiu chun ISO 68 v profile ren v tiu chun ISO 965/1 v dung sai ren).

Hnh 2. Profile c bn ca ren tam gic h Met

Khc bit c bn ca ren h Met v ren UN l ren h Met s dng profile ren c gc nh
60o v tnh bc ren bng mm thay v tnh s vng ren trn 1 inch chiu di. Bc ca ren
h Met c chia lm bc th v bc mn trong ren bc th c u tin s dng
trong nhng mi ghp thng thng. Phi hp gia ng knh danh ngha v bc ren ca
mt s ren h Met c cho trong bng 2

Bng 2. Phi hp gia ng knh danh ngha v bc ren h Met (trch tiu chun ASME
B1.13M-2005)
2.2 Dung sai ren
Tiu chun ISO 965-1 qui nh cp chnh xc cho cc yu t hnh hc ca ren nh sau :

ng knh y ren trong : 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

ng knh nh ren ngoi : 4, 6, 8

ng knh trung bnh ren trong : 4, 5, 6, 7, 8

ng knh trung bnh ren ngoi : 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9

i vi sai lch c bn :

Ren ngoi : e, f, g, h

Ren trong : G, H

2.3 K hiu ren

Di y gii thch mt s k hiu ren h Met thng gp
M10 x 1 5g6g LH

M10 : ren h met c kch thc danh ngha 10mm

1 : bc ren 1mm (khng cn ghi nu l bc ren th)
5g : dung sai ng knh trung bnh ca ren l 5g
6g : dung sai ng knh nh ren l 6g
LH : hng xon tri (hng xon phi khng cn ghi)
M42 x 4.5 6g 0.63R

M42 : ren h met c ng knh danh ngha 42mm

4.5 : bc ren 4.5mm
6g : dung sai ng knh trung bnh v ng knh nh ren l 6g
0.63R : bn knh bo trn nh nht ti y ren
M16 x L4 P2 4h6h (TWO STARTS)

M16 : ren h met c ng knh danh ngha 16mm

L4 : bc xon 4mm
P2 : bc ren 2mm
TWO STARTS : ren hai u mi
M6 x 1 4G6G EXT

4G6G EXT : nu buc phi son tho bng ch in hoa th thm EXT ch ren ngoi,
INT ch ren trong
MJ6 1 4h6h

MJ : loi ren c bit c dng trong ngnh hng khng

Mnh xin chia s cc thng s bc ren vi gia cng ren ngoi kch thc ln nh M150 th kh lng no
bn c th tm c trn cc trang website khc, sau bao lu mnh nghin cu v tm hiu th mnh tm ra
c cc bng v cc thng s bc ren cho vic gia cng cng nh thun tin cho cc bn lm n
cng ngh ch to my khi cn phi lm ren ngoi vi kch thc ln

Mt s bng tra cu kch thc ren, bc ren, gia cng ren

Bng tra cu ng knh l khoan tng ng taro v tra cu bc ren chun theo chun ISO

Taro bc rng mn

Taro bc rng th

Taro x bc rng

L khoan

Taro x bc rng

L khoan

M4 x 0.35

3.60

M1 x 0.25

0.75

M4 x 0.5

3.50

M1.1 x 0.25

0.85

M5 x 0.5

4.50

M1.2 x 0.25

0.95

M6 x .5

5.50

M1.4 x 0.3

1.10

M6 x .75

5.25

M1.6 x 0.35

1.25

M7 x .75

6.25

M1.8 x 0.35

1.45

M8 x .5

7.00

M2 x 0.4

1.60

M8 x .75

7.25

M2.2 x 0.45

1.75

M8 x 1

7.50

M2.5 x 0.45

2.05

M9 x 1

8.00

M3 x 0.5

2.50

M10 x 0.75

9.25

M3.5 x 0.6

2.90

M10 x 1

9.0

M4 x 0.7

3.30

M10 x 1.25

8.8

M4.5 x 0.75

3.70

M11 x 1

10.0

M5 x 0.8

4.20

M12 x .75

11.25

M6 x 1

5.00

M12 x 1

11.0

M7 x 1

6.00

M12 x 1.5

10.5

M8 x 1.25

6.80

M14 x 1

13.0

M9 x 1.25

7.80

M14 x 1.25

12.8

M10 x 1.5

8.50

M14 x 1.5

12.5

M11 x 1.5

9.50

M16 x 1

15.0

M12 x 1.75

10.20

M16 x 1.5

15.0

M14 x 2

12.00

M18 x 1

17.0

M16 x 2

14.00

M18 x 2

16.0

M18 x 2.5

15.50

M20 x 1

19.0

M20 x 2.5

17.50

M20 x 1.5

18.5

M22 x 2.5

19.50

M20 x 2

18.0

M24 x 3

21.00

M22 x 1

21.0

M27 x 3

24.00

M22 x 1.5

20.5

M30 x 3.5

26.50

M22 x 2

20.0

M33 x 3.5

29.50

M24 x 1.5

22.5

M36 x 4

32.00

M24 x 2

22.0

M39 x 4

35.00

M26 x 1.5

24.5

M42 x 4.5

37.50

M27 x 1.5

25.5

M45 x 4.5

40.50

M27 x 2

25.0

M48 x 5

43.00

M28 x 1.5

26.5

M52 x 5

47.00

M30 x 1.5

28.5

M56 x 5.5

50.50

M30 x 2

28.0

M60 x 5.5

54.50

M33 x 2

31.0

M64 x 6

58.00

M36 x 3

36.0

M68 x 6

62.00

NG KNH / BC REN DANH NGHA TCVN 7292 : 2003 ISO

261 : 1998
Kch thc tnh bng milimt

ng knh danh ngha

D.d

Bc ren, p

Ct

Nh

Ct 2

la

la

chn chn
th

Ct 3
la chnth 3

Ln
3

th 2

1,5

1,25

0,75

0,5

0,35

0,25

0,2

1
1
1,1
1,2
1,4

1,6
2

2,5
3

1,8

0,25

0,2

0,25

0,2

0,3

0,2

0,35

0,25

0,4
0,45
2,2

0,35

0,45

0,35

0,5
0,6

0,5

0,7

4,5

0,5

0,75

5
6

0,2

0,35

3,5
4

0,25

0,8
5,5

0,75

0,5
0,5

0,35

0,25

0,2
0,2

1
8

1,25

1,25
10

1,5
11

12

1,25

1,5

1,5

2
16

20

24

14

15

18

22

25

36

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

28

3,5

(3)

3,5

(3)

35 b

38

32

39

1,25 a 1

2,5

26

33

1,5

1
1

2,5

2,5

1,5

17

27

30

1,25

1,75

1,5

1,5

1,5

0,75

0,75
0,75

1,5
1,5

0,75

1,5

0,75

1,5
1,5
1,5
1,5
(Tip tc)

ng knh danh ngha D.d Bc ren P

Ct 1
la
chn
th 1

42

Ct 2

Nh

Ct 3

la chn la chn Ln
th 2

th 3

45

40

4,5

4,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

5
48

52

55
58

5,5

5,5
64

60

62

65
68

70

6
72

76

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

1,5

56

50

75

78
80

2
6

82

95

100
110

125

105

115

120

8
140

130

135

145
150

160

170

155

165

2
2

85
90

2
2

1,5

175
180

185

8
200

190

195

(Tip tc)

ng knh danh ngha D.d Bc ren P

Ct 1
la
chn
th 1

Ct 2

Nh

Ct 3

la chn la chn Ln
th 2

th 3

205
210

8
215

225

220

230

8
8

235
240

245

8
250

260

255

265
270

275

285

280

300

290

295

1,5

Ch dng cho buji (nu nh la) ca ng c

Ch dng cho ai c hm i vi bi

Kt lun
Nhng bng bc ren bn trn th nu ln tt c thng s cn thit ri, mnh vit bi ny v c mt bn
hi mnh by gi lm ren M150 th bc ren bao nhiu, Nu tra trn cc bng trong sch hoc tm kim trn
mng th cha thy. Nhng vn y l c my no bc tin ph hp vi bc ren p dng vo hay
khng m thi. Hy vng nhng bng trn s gip ch bn nhiu nh

Bi II: K thut tin chi tit ren

I. Khi nim chung v ren
Hu nh trong tt c cc thit b, my u c cc chi tit ren.Ren c th dng kp cht nh
vt, ai c; truyn ng, chu ti.
1. Khi nim: ng ren c to thnh khi gia cng l s phi hp ng thi hai chuyn ng:
chuyn ng quay u ca chi tit gia cng v chuyn ng tnh tin ca dng c ct hoc ngc li.
( Hnh 2.1)

Hnh 2.1: Qu trnh hnh thnh ren v ct ren.

2. phn loi ren:

C bn ngi ta chia cc chi tit c ren theo hai h: Ren h mt ( Quc t) v Ren h Anh
+ Ren h mt: Ren c gc nh ca bin dng ren l 60o
+ Ren h Anh: Ren c gc nh ca bin dng ren l 55 o
Theo mt ct ca ren ta c: ( Hnh 2.2)
+ Ren tam gic: Ren c bin dng ren l hnh tam gic u hoc tam gic cn, ren tam
gic thng c dng lm ren kp cht.
+ Ren thang: Ren thang c bin dng ren l hnh thang, ren thang thng c dng
lm ren truyn ng hoc ren ti c c hai pha.
+ Ren vung: ren vung c bin dng l hnh vung hoc hnh ch nht, ren vung cng
thng c dng lm ren truyn ng hoc ren ti.
+ Ren rng ca: ren rng ca c bin dng l hnh tam gic thng, ren rng ca c
dng lm ren truyn ng hoc ren ti mt pha.
+ Ren trn

Hnh 2.2: Phn loi ren theo mt ct ca ren.

Theo hng xon ca ng pht trin ren ta c: (Hnh 2.3)
+ Ren phi: Ren c hng pht trin ren theo hng phi, tc l gc nng ca ren nm
pha bn phi. Nu khi ta nhn vo chi thit trc ren th ta thy ren cao dn v pha tay phi.
+ Ren tri: : Ren c hng pht trin ren theo hng tri, tc l gc nng ca ren nm
pha bn tri. Nu khi ta nhn vo chi thit trc ren th ta thy ren cao dn v pha tay tri.

a) Ren phi

b) Ren tri

Hnh 2.3: Phn loi ren theo hng xon.

Theo s u mi ta c: ( Hnh 2.4)
+ Ren mt u mi: Ren c to thnh do mt bin dng ren to thnh, trong ren mt
u mi th bc xon bng bc ren.
+ Ren nhiu u mi: Ren c to thnh do nhiu bin dng ren cch u nhau to
thnh. Trong ren nhiu u mi th bc xon bng s u mi nhn vi bc ren.

b) Ren mt, hai u mi

c) Ren ba, bn u mi

Hnh 2.4: Phn loi theo s u mi.

3. Cc yu t ca ren:
+ Bc ren. Bc ren l khong cch gia hai nh ren k nhau. ren mt u mi
bc ren bng bc xon.
+ Bc xon. Gc nng ren
+ ng knh trung bnh
+ Gc nh ren. Gc nh ren l gc to bi hai cnh bn ca ren. Ren tam gic h mt
c gc nh ren l 60o, ren tam gic h Anh c gc nh ren l 55o.
II. Ct ren bng dao tin
1. Dao tin ren: ( Hnh2.5)
Vt liu lm dao tin ren c th l thp gi hoc hp kim, gc gia cc li ct ( gc mi dao )
phi ph hp vi gc nh ren: = 60o i vi ren h mt, = 55o i vi ren h Anh. Trong qu trnh gia
cng dao c th m rng gc rnh ren v th gc mi dao c th c mi nh i so vi l thuyt, ty
theo vt liu lm dao ta c: Dao thp gi th mi gc mi dao nh i khong 10 20, dao hp kim th mi
gc mi dao nh i khong 20 30.
Thng thng gc trc dao tin ren bng khng, gc sau c hai bn bng 3 5 o.
Khi ct ren c bc xon ln th ngi ta thng mi gc sau pha tin dao ln hn mt lng
bng gc nng ca ren.
tng nng sut ct, ngi ta c th dng dao ct ren rng lc, dao rng lc c th l dao
lng tr hoc dao a.

a) Dao n

b) Dao lng tr

c) Dao a

Hnh 2.5: Dao tin ren.

2. iu chnh my tin ren bng dao
ct ren trn my tin c chnh xc th cn xc nh chnh xc xch truyn ng gia trc
chnh v bn xe dao: Chi tit gia cng quay mt vng th dao phi dch chuyn mt on bng bc xon
( vi ren mt u mi l bc ren). Dao dch chuyn nh vo c cu vt ai c. (Hnh 2.6)
Khi trc vt quay mt vng th dao dch chuyn mt on ( bc xon):
S = Svm x nvm
Trong :
- S: bc xon gia cng (mm)
- Svm : Bc ren ca trc vt ( mt u mi) (mm)
- nvm : s vng quay ca trc vt trong mt pht.
c bc ren, bc xon chnh xc th ta phi c mi quan h gia trc chnh v trc vt :
nvm = ntc . i
Trong :
- ntc : s vng quay trong mt pht ca trc chnh (tc )
- i : t s truyn ng gia trc chnh v trc vt.
c th thay i t s truyn ng gia trc chnh v trc vt chnh xc, ngi ta chia lm nhiu
cp t s truyn ng:
i = i1 + i2 + i3

Trong :
+ i1 : t s truyn ng b bnh rng o chiu. (Pha sau hp trc chnh)
+ i2 : t s truyn ng b bnh rng thay th. ( Hp bnh rng thay th)
+ i3 : t s truyn ng hp tin dao ( bc tin).
+ Trn my tin thng thng i1 v i3 l c nh.
+ i vi cc bc ren tiu chun th ngi ta c th tin c ng bc ren bng cch iu
chnh cc tay gt theo bng tr s bc tin gn trn my.
+ i vi ren khng tiu chun th tin c ng bc ren th ngi ta phi tnh ton v lp
li cc bnh rng thay th sao cho ng t s truyn ng i.

Hnh 2.6: S ct ren bng dao tin.

3. Cc phng php ln dao khi ct ren: ( Hnh 2.7)
+ Ln dao ngang: ct ht bin dng ren th ngi ta thc hin ln dao sau mi lt ct bng
cch quay tay quay ca bn dao ngang mt lng bng chiu su ct.
Phng php ny d thc hin, thng dng ct ren tam gic c bc nh.
+ Ln dao theo sn ren: ct ht bin dng ren th ngi ta thc hin ln dao sau mi lt
ct bng cch quay tay quay ca dao trn c xoay mt gc bng na gc nh ren.
Phng php ny cng d thc hin, thng dng ct ren c bc trung bnh.
+ Ln dao kt hp: ct ht bin dng ren th ngi ta thc hin ln dao sau mi lt ct bng
cch lun phin quay tay quay ca bn dao ngang v dao trn ( thc hin ln dao ngang v ln dao
dc).
Phng php ny kh thc hin, thng dng ct ren c bc ln hoc ren c bin dng c
bit: ren thang, ren vung, . . .

Hnh 2.7: cc phng php ln dao khi tin ren.

Hnh 2.8: Ln dao khi tin ren vung v ren thang.

4. Cc phng php li dao khi ct ren.
Khi ct ren ngi ta phi thc hin nhiu lt ct mi dt c chiu su ren. Sau mi lt ct phi thc
hin li dao v ct lt k tip. Ty theo mi quan h gia bc ren gia cng v bc ren ca trc vt
me trn my m ta c hai phng php li dao:
a. Li dao bng cch th ai c hai na v quay bn dao dc tr v. Phng php ny thc hin
c khi quan h gia bc ren gia cng v bc ren ca trc vt me trn my l bi s hoc c s.
Cch ny rt d thc hin, nhng ch phi li dao ra theo hng ngang trc khi li dao dc.
b. Li dao bng cch o chiu quay ca my ( o chiu quay ca ng c).
Phng php ny thc hin khi bc ren gia cng khng l c s hay bi s ca bc ren trc vt me
ca my. Cch ny kh thc hin hn v khi thao tc phi canh thi im tt ng c cho hp l dao
khng ln vo cc phn khc ca chi tit v ng thi phi li dao theo phng ngang.
5. Ct ren nhiu u mi:
Trong mt s mi ghp ren cn tho xit nhanh m yu cu s ren tham gia trong mi ghp ln
ngi ta dng ren nhiu u mi.
Ren nhiu u mi gm nhiu ng ren trin khai trn cc ng xon c cch u nhau trn
mt c s. Lc ny ta c bc xon bng k ln bc ren ( k l s u mi).
ct ren nhiu u mi v k thut c bn th cng tng t nh ct ren mt u mi. Ngi ta
tun t ct tng ng ren, cc ng ren ging nhau v cch u nhau. phn khi ct ren nhiu
u mi ngi ta c nhiu cch:

a. Phn bng cch ch chuyn dao dc trc.

+ Nguyn l: Tun t ct tng ng ren sau mi ln dch chuyn dao dc trc mt
lng bng bc ren nh vo tay quay dao trn.
+ c im:
- Phng php ny n gin, d thc hin.
- D sinh ra sai s, nht l ren c bc khng chn.
- Dng trong gia cng chi tit n l.
+ K thut:
- Dao ren g thng.
- Ct mt ng ren tng t nh ct ren mt u mi c bc l bc xon..
- Quay tay quay dao trn cho dao ch chuyn dc trc mt on bng bc
ren cn tin. ( dao trn c b tr dc theo hng chy dao, Gi tr dch chuyn c xc nh nh
vo du xch trn tay quay dao trn). Ngi ta cng c th ch chuyn dao nh vo bn dao dc, lng
dch chuyn c th xc nh bng du xch trn tay quay dao dc hoc bng cc dng c o nh : Thc
cp, Panme, Cn mu, Cn l.
- Thc hin ct ng ren th hai tng t nh ct ng ren u.
- Thc hin chu trnh trn cho cc ng ren cn li.
b. Phn bng cch xoay v tr n khp ca bnh rng thay th.
+ Nguyn l: Tun t ct tng ng ren sau mi ln xoay chi tit ( khng n khp vi
trc vt me) mt gc bng cch thay i v tr n khp ca b bnh rng thay th.
+ c im
- Phng php ny c chnh xc cao vi mi bc ren.
- Thc hin phng php ny phc tp, khng thc hin trong trng hp s
rng ca c hai bnh rng trong hp bnh rng thay th khng l bi s ca s u mi.
- Dng gia cng chi tit n l.
+ K thut
- Dao ren g thng.
- Ct mt ng ren tng t nh ct ren mt u mi c bc l bc xon..
- M np che hp bnh rng thay th, nh du v tr n khp ca b bnh rng
thay th, tho mt bnh rng c s rng l bi s ca s u mi v xoay mt gc, lp li cho hai bnh
rng n khp.
- Tip tc tin ng ren k tip.
C nh th thc hin tt c cc u mi.
c. Phn bng dng c phn .
+ Nguyn l: Tun t ct tng ng ren sau mi ln xoay chi tit mt gc nh vo mt
a chia g trn tc chnh.
+ c im:
- Phng php ny c chnh xc cao. D thc hin.
- Qu trnh thc hin phc tp.
- Dng trong ch to hng lot.
+ K thut
- Dao ren g thng.
- Chi tit c g trn b phn kp chi tit ca a chia .
- Ct mt ng ren tng t nh ct ren mt u mi c bc l bc xon..
- Ni lng kp ca a chia , xoay b phn kp phi ca a chia mt gc
da theo s l c trn a chia. Kp cht b phn kp chi tit li.
- Tip tc tin ng ren k tip.
C nh th thc hin tt c cc u mi.
III. Ct ren bng dao nh hnh
Thng thng , ct ren tiu chun c kch thc nh ngi ta thng dng dao nh hnh, cc
loi dao nh hnh thng dng l Ta r, bn ren, dao rng lc.
1. Ct ren bng Bn ren: Ct ren trn trc bng mt dng c ct ren nh hnh c gi l bn
ren. Bn ren thc ra l mt b gm nhiu dao ct ren c ghp ni tip dc trc v c v tr ngang gia
cc dao cch nhau mt khong bng chiu su ct. Bn ren c kt cu nh l mt chic ai c lm bng
thp dng c hoc thp gi, trn bn ren c khoan t 3 8 l to cc thng s ct cho cc li ct,
li ct hai u c vt cn qu trnh ct c bt u d dng hn, phn tr cn li l phn sa
ng gm 5 6 vng ren. Bn ren c s dng bng c hai mt nh nhau.
Khi ct ren bng bn ren ngi ta c th g bn ren ln ng hoc dao

a. G bn ren trn ng: Bn ren c kp cht trong mt gi kp bn ren c th trt dc trn

mt thn c chui cn lp vo ng. Quay tay quay ng a bn ren vo bt u ct, sau khi
bn ren ct c 2 3 vng ren th bn ren s t ng c ko vo m khng xoay theo chi tit nh
vo mt cht trt. Cch g ny cho php ct ren c chiu di ren gii hn.
b. G bn ren trn dao: Bn ren c lp vo tay quay bn ren g trn mt gi c th trt
trong mt thn kp cht trn dao. chng xoay cho bn ren ngi ta b tr mt thanh t chn vo mt
u ca tay quay. Tng t nh khi g trn ng, ta quay tay quay ca bn xe dao a bn ren vo
v tr ct, sau khi bn ren ct c 2 3 vng ren th bn ren s t ng c ko vo m khng cn
phi tin bn xe dao. Cch g ny cho php ta ct ren di v tn.
Ch : - Cn vt cnh u phi bn ren c th bt u ct d hn.
- Khi ct ren bng bn ren, chi tit c tin vi kch thc b hn kch thc danh
ngha v khi ct ren bng tay, b tr s nn vt liu.
2. Ct ren bng Ta r: Ct ren trong l bng mt dng c ct ren nh hnh c dng l mt con
vt c gi l Ta r. Tng t nh bn ren, ta r thc s l mt b gm nhiu dao ct ren c ghp
ni tip dc trc v c v tr ngang gia cc dao cch nhau mt khong bng chiu su ct. Trn thn Ta
r c ghi k hiu mc vt liu lm ta r v loi ren. Ngoi ra, phn bit th t cc cy tao r trong b
ngi ta k hiu bng s vch hoc s vng cn
Khi ct ren bng ta r ngi ta c th dng tay quay ta r hoc trc g ta r.
a. G ta r bng tay quay: Ta r c kp vo tay quay phn chui vung, Ta r c bng
mi chng tm vo l tm cui chui ca ta r. Cn tay quay s c bng thanh t g trn dao.
Khi ct, ngi ta quay tay quay ng cho mi tm lc no cng t nh ln chui ta r.
b. G ta r bng trc g: m bo ng trc gia ta r v l cn gia cng, ngi ta thng
dng trc g t la( ta r c kh nng lc l) lp nng ng bng chui cn. Khi bt u ct, ta quay
tay quay ng a ta r t t vo l gia cng. Sau khi ct c hai ba vng ren th ta r s t tin
vo ct ht l ren.
3. Ct ren bng dao rng lc: Dao rng lc thc ra l mt b gm nhiu dao ct ren c
ghp ni tip dc trc, cc dao thnh phn cch nhau mt khong bng bc ren.
n gin trong vic mi sc dao, ngi ta dng ph bin dao rng lc hnh lng tr v hnh
a. Khi mi li, ch cn mi li mt trc ca dao.
K thut gia cng ren bng dao rng lc tng t nh ct bng dao ct ren thng thng,
nhng s lt ct s t i rt nhiu hoc ch mt lt ct l .
IV. o v kim tra ren
o v kim tra ren ngi ta c th dng thc l, thc cp, Panme o ren, dng o ren
hoc cc dng kim tra chuyn dng.
1. o v kim tra ren bng thc l, thc cp: (Hnh 2.9)
a. Xc nh gi tr danh ngha ca ren: Ta o ng knh ngoi ca trc ren tng t nh khi o
trc trn xc nh gi tr danh ngha ca ren.
b. Xc nh bc ren: Dng thc l hay thc cp o khong cch ca 10 hay 20 bc ren, ly
khong cch o c chia cho 10 hoc 20 xc nh bc ren.

Hnh 2.9: Kim tra ren bng thc l, thc cp

2. o v kim tra ren bng thc cp, pan me o ren: Bng phng php ny ta ch xc nh
c gia tr danh ngha ca ren.
3. o v kim tra ren bng dng o ren: Bng dng o ren ngi ta ch c th xc nh
bc ren. ( Hnh 2.10)

Hnh 2.10: Kim tra ren bng dng o ren

4. o v kim tra ren bng calip: ( Hnh 2.11)
Trong sn sut hng lot, kim tra ren ngi ta thng dng Ca lp gii hn. Ren ngoi ngi
ta dng ca lip vng, ren trong ngi ta dng calip trc. Calip gii hn c hai u: u lt c bin dng ren
chnh xc, khi kim tra ta vn ht chiu di ca on ren cn kim tra. u khng lt c khong 2 3
vng ren vi bin dng ren co hp li, u ny ch c th vn vo ren kim tra c kch thc ng khng
qu 1 -2 vng ren.

Hnh 2.11: Kim tra ren calip.

Bc 1:

S dng thc kp o ng knh ngoi (ng knh nh ren) ca ren ngoi (hnh bn tri) hoc o
ng knh trong ca ren trong (hnh bn phi).
Bc 2:

S dng mt thc o ren xc nh bc ren (Dng o ren). Ch l c nhiu bc ren tng i

gn nhau nn cn thn kim tra bng cch p thc o ren vo t nht 4 nh rng lin tip v xoay theo
ng ren t nht mt vng kim tra s n khp.
Bc 3:
Hy so snh cc gi tr o c bc 1 & 2 tm ra loi ren tng ng.

Ren h mt ghi bnh thng l M10x2x120. Trong : ng knh bu lng l

10. bc ren P=2. Chiu di bi lng l 120.
Ren ng th ghi l G3/4 hoc 1 1/4...
Ren thang th ng trc ghi thm k hiu Tr. Nu l ren tri th ghi thm LH...
C rt nhiu ti liu v ren hay bu lng. Bn c th tham khi ti liu nh km
sau.
(Sorry mnh khng upload c ti liu ln. Bn cn th lin h qua
email: hungpt182@gmail.com mnh s gi cho mt s ti liu v ren.
Thn!

Cc loi ren
7. Ren ng ng ca M
7.1 Phn loi
M s dng ren ng theo h thng tiu chun American National Standard Pipe Threads, c khc bit c bn vi ren ng BSP ca
Anh l n s dng profile c gc nh 60o. Ren ng ca M c chia lm hai loi chnh theo ng knh ren

National Pipe Taper NPT : ren cn c ng knh tng hoc gim trn chiu di ren

National Pipe Straight NPS : ren thng c ng knh ren khng i trn chiu di ren

T hai loi ren ny ngi ta cn c th ha thnh nhng loi ren khc ty theo mc ch s dng nh ren NPTR dng trong ngnh
ng st, NPSC dng kt ni ng chu p sut thp Chi tit v nhng loi ren ny c th tham kho thm trong s tay
Machinerys Handbook, 28th Edition

Bng 6 : Kch thc mt s loi ren NPT

7.2 K hiu
Loi ren ny c k hiu nh sau :
3/8 18 NPT

3/8 : ng knh danh ngha ca ren

18 : c 18 ren trn chiu di 1 inch

NPT : ren National Pipe Taper theo tiu chun ANSI/ASME B1.20.1-1983

18 27 NPTF 1

1/8 : ng knh danh ngha ca ren

27 : c 27 ren trn chiu di 1 inch
NPTF : ren Dryseal USA (American) Standard Taper Pipe Thread theo tiu chun ANSI B1.20.3-1976
1 : cp chnh xc 1