Lab Report 6

Classification of Chemical Reactions

Name: Sarah Farhana Binti Shahrom

Experiment Date: September 28th, 2015

Lab Partner: Sofea Binti Shahrul Azman, Heng Yi Hua (Tayler)

Lab Section: 3
Results:
Test
1

Observation
Solution turns from

Chemical Equation
3CaCl2(s) + 2Na3PO4(aq) Ca3(PO4)2(s) +

Reaction Type
Double

colorless to cloudy

6NaCl(aq)

replacement

Anhydrous copper sulfate

CuSO4(s) + H2O(l) CuSO4.5H2O(aq)

Combination

CuCO3(s) CuO(s) + CO2(g)

Decomposition

2HCl(aq) + Mg(s) MgCl2(aq) + H2(g)

Single replacement

crystals dissolve to form

3

blue solution
Green CuCO3 powder

turns black
4 - Magnesium foil dissolves
- Gas Bubbles are formed
- A pop sound is heard when

(hydrogen
displacement)

tested with lighted wooden

splinter
- Test tube becomes hot

2HCl(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) 2NaCl(aq) +

Double

H2O(l) + CO2(g)
2H2O2(l) MnO2 > H2O(l) + O2(g)

replacement
Dispropornation

C2H5OH(l) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 3H2O(l)

Combustion

boric acid is sprinkled

Pungent smell is produced

2NH4Cl(s) + Ba(OH)2.8H2O(s) BaCl2.2H2O

Double

and conical flask turns

+ 2NH3(aq) + 8H2O(l)

replacement

Gas bubbles are formed

6 - Solution turns black and

hissing sound could be
heard.
- Gas bubbles are formed
7 - A gel like precipitate is
formed.
- Green flame formed when
8

cold
Test tube becomes hot

10

The solution turns cloudy

11 - The Magnesium foil

H2SO4(aq) + 2NaOH(aq) Na2SO4(aq) +

Double

2H2O(l)

replacement

CaCl2(aq) + Na2CO3(aq) 2NaCl(aq) +

(Neutralization)
Double

CaCO3(s)

replacement

CuSO4(aq) + Mg(s) MgSO4(aq) + Cu(s)

(Precipitation)
Single replacement

dissolves and brown

(Metal

particles formed.
- Solution changes from blue
to colorless.
- Test tube becomes hot.
12
NAR
13
NAR

Displacement)

NAR
CaCl2(aq) + 2NaNO3(aq) Ca(NO3)2(aq) +

No reaction
Double

14

Blue crystals turns to

2NaCl(aq)
CuSO4.5H2O(s) CuSO4(s) + 5H2O(l)

replacement
Decomposition

15

white
Test Tube feels hot

HCl(aq) + NaOH(aq) NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Double
replacement
(Neutralization)

Discussion:
All chemical reactions involve the release or absorption of heat, also known as endothermic
or exothermic reactions for the absorption and release of heat respectively. There are a few
types of chemical reactions that is combination, decomposition, combustion, single
replacement and double replacement. However, there are 3 types of single replacement that is
hydrogen displacement, metal displacement and halogen displacement.
Experiment 1:

The solution turns cloudy because calcium phosphate precipitate is formed.

Experiment 2:
Anhydrous copper (II) sulfate is white, and when water is added,copper(II) sulfate powder
ionizes to form copper(II) ions and sulfate ions. This process is called hydration. The solution
turns blue because of the copper(II) ions. Its reaction type is combination which the reaction
of 2 substances to form 1 subtance.
Experiment 3:
Copper (II) carbonate decomposes to form black copper(II) oxide and carbon dioxide when
burnt. It undergoes decomposition which breaking down of 1 substance into 2 or more
substances.
Experiment 4:
When magnesium foil is added to hydrochloric acid, the magnesium ion which located
higher than the hydrogen ion in the electrochemical series (ECS) displaces the hydrogen ion
from the hydrochloric acid to form magnesium chloride and hydrogen gas. A pop sound is
heard when the lighted wooden splinter is placed near the mouth of the test tube.The reaction
is exothermic. Thus, heat is released.
Experiment 5:
Gas bubbles that are formed is carbon dioxide.
Experiment 6:
Hydrogen peroxide decomposes into water and oxygen gas in the presence of catalyst
manganese dioxide.
Experiment 7:
Ethanol produces carbon dioxide gas and water through combustion. Calcium acetate that is
insoluble in ethanol forming a gel like precipitate. The flame turns green when boric acid is
added due to heating of boron in the boric acid. Combustion is the rapid reaction of a
compound with oxygen. It is exothermic reaction.
Experiment 8:
The pungent smell is produced due to the presence of ammonia. The reaction is an
endothermic reaction as the conical flask turns cold when the reaction occurred.
Experiment 9:
This reaction is known as neutralization which included in double replacement. It produces
water and sodium sulfate. It is also an exothermic reaction as sulfuric acid and sodium
hydroxide react to release hear.

Experiment 10:
White precipitate formed is calcium carbonate which insoluble in water. It causes the water to
turn cloudy.
Experiment 11:
Magnesium foil dissolves in copper (II) sulphate because the magnesium ion which located
higher than the copper(II) ion in the electrochemical series (ECS) displaces the copper (II)
ion from the copper (II) sulfate to form magnesium sulfate. The blue colour solution becomes
colourless. This is because copper (II) ions, which produce the blue colour, are displaced. The
reaction is an exothermic reaction as heat is released. This is single replacement which an
element in a compound replaced by another element originally in elemental form.
Experiment 12:
No reaction occurs as copper is located below zinc in the reactivity series. It cannot displace
zinc from zinc sulfate solution.
Experiment 13:
There is no reaction as both solutions remain as ions in the solution and no compounds are
formed.
Experiment 14:
Water is evaporated from copper (II) sulphate pentahydrate during heating. Thus, it turns
from blue to white, becoming anhydrous copper (II) sulfate.
Experiment 15:
Hydrochloric acid neutralizes sodium hydroxide to form sodium chloride and water.
Neutralization happened and heat is released. It is an exothermic reaction.

Conclusion:
Every chemical reaction is different. There are five types of chemical reactions combination,
decomposition, combustion, single replacement and double replacement. Double replacement
can be neutralization, precipitation or other chemical reaction which involves 2 compouds
react and forms another compound. Combustion is an exothermic reaction. When the
reaction is not detected, the reaction is known as NAR (No Apparent Reaction).