Solution of problem 2 of Exercise 1 (by Neela Praveen

Kumar (06410333) and P. Manikandan (06410334)

Method 1:
(1) Preprocessing :

(2) Elementary stiffness matrix:

Fi
1 1 Ui
=
AE/h

1 1 Uj
Fj
(3) Assembly:

For element 1
F11
1 1 U1
AE/h
=
1

1 1 U 2
F2

For element 2
F12
1 1 U 2
AE/h
=
2

1 1 U 3
F2

Writing in global form,

1
1 1 0 U1 F1

AE/h 1 1 0 U 2 = F21
0 0 U 3 0
0

0 U 1 0
0 0

AE/h 0 1 1 U 2 = F22
0 1 1 U 3 F32
Adding the above two equations, we get

F11
1 1 0 U 1
1

2
AE/h 1 2 1 U 2 = F2 F2 = P

0 1 1 U 3
F32

The superscript indicates element number.

1
1 1 0 U1 F1

2AE/L 1 2 1 U 2 = P
0 1 1 U 3 F32

(4) Applying boundary conditions:

F32 =--kU3
U1=0
1 1 0 U1 0
2AE/L 1 2 1 U 2 = P
0 1 1 U 3 kU 3
Solving it we get
U3=PL/(2(AE+kL))
Method 2:

(1) Preprocessing:

(2)Element matrix generation:

AE/h (Uj - Ui ) = Fj
AE/h (Ui - Uj ) = -Fi
Fi
1 1 U i
AE/h
U = F

1 1 j
j

(3) Assembly:
For element 1
F
1 1 U1
AE/h
= 1

1 1 U 2
F2

For element 2
F
1 1 U 2
AE/h
= 2

1 1 U 3
F3

For element 3

k
k

k
k

U 3
F3
U = F
4
4

F
1 1 U 3
= 3
k

1 1 U 4
F4

Writing the above matrices in the global form,

 1 1
1 1
AE/h
0
0

0
0

1
0 0 U1 F1

0 0 U 2 F21
=
0 0 U 3 0

0 0 U 4 0

U 1 0
U F 2
2 = 2
U 3 F32

U 4 0

0 0 0
0 1 1
AE/h
0 1 1

0 0 0

0
0
0

0
0
k
0

U 1 0
U 0
2 =

U 3 F33
3
U 4 F4

0
0
0 1 1

0 1 1
0
0

0
0

Adding all the above matrices, we get

F11
0
0 U 1
2 AE / L 2 AE / L

U 1
2
2 AE / L 4 AE / L

2 AE / L
0 2 F2 F2 = P

= 2
3

2 AE / L (2 AE / L + k ) k U 3 F3 F3 = 0
0

F43
k
k U 4
0
0

(Supercript denotes element number.)

(4) Boundary conditions:
U1=0;

U4=0;

1
0
0
0 U 1 0

2 AE / L 4 AE / L
U P

2
/
0
AE
L

2 =

2 AE / L (2 AE / L + k ) k U 3 0
0

0
0
0
1 U 4 0

Solving it, we get

U3=PL/(2(AE+kL))
U3
= PL/2(AE+KL)

which is the spring compression.