Basic Integration Formulas

[f(x) g(x)] dx = f(x) dx g(x) dx

1.
Z
3.

2.
Z

dx
= ln |x| + C
x

Z
sin x dx = cos x + C

6.

cos x dx = sin x + C
Z

tan x dx = ln |sec x| + C

7.

ex dx = ex + C

4.

Z
5.

8.

Z
9.

cot x dx = ln |csc x| + C
Z

sec x dx = ln |sec x + tan x| + C

Z
2

11.

sec x dx = tan x + C

Z
sec x tan x dx = sec x + C

csc2 x dx = cot x + C

12.

Z
13.

csc x dx = ln |csc x + cot x| + C

10.

15.

xn+1
x dx =
+ C, n 6= 1
n+1
n

14.
Z

x
dx

= arcsin
+C
a
a2 x2

F UNDAMENTAL T HEOREM

OF

csc x cot x dx = csc x + C

16.

x
dx
1
arctan
+C
=
a2 + x2
a
a

C ALCULUS
Zb
F 0 (x) dx = F(b) F(a)
a

I NTEGRATION

BY

PARTS

Z
u dv = uv v du

T RIGONOMETRIC S UBSTITUTION (a > 0)

a2 x2 requires x = a sin . Then a2 x2 = a cos , where /2 6 6 /2.

a2 + x2 requires x = a tan . Then a2 + x2 = a sec , where /2 < < /2.

x2 a2 requires x = a sec . Then x2 a2 = a tan .

If x > a, use x2 a2 = +a tan , where 0 6 < /2.

If x < a, use x2 a2 = a tan , where /2 < 6 .

Gilles Cazelais. Typeset with LATEX on May 26, 2006.