SAVIJANJE KRUZNE CILINDRICNE

LJUSKE PRI ROTACIONO SIMETRICNOM

OPTERECENJU
-uslovi ravnoteze-

(1)dM Tx = 0
N dT
(2)
+
+Z =0
a
dx

-deformacijad 2w
du
xz =
z+
2
dx
dx
z =

DJ :

d 4w
Z
+ 4 4 w =
4
K
dx

imamo sile:

Mx, Tx, N , M
Nx = T = N = M

w
a

d 2w
w
Mx = K 2 ; N = Eh
a
dx
dMx
Tx =
dx
w = w0 + e x (C1cos x + C 2 sin x) + e x (C 3 cos x + C 4 sin x)

-duga cilindricna ljuska-(l>=5)

3(1 2 )
a 2ha
1
w = w0
e x [(To + Mo ) cos x Mo sin x ]
3
2 K
dw
1
=
e x [2 Mo cos x + To(cos x + sin x)]
2
dx 2 K
=4

d 2w
1 x
=
e [ Mo(cos x + sin x) + To sin x ]
2
K
dx
d 3 w 1 x
= e [2 Mo sin x To(cos x sin x)]
K
dx 3
Z ( x)a 2
w0 =
Eh

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<KOORDINATA X SE MERI SA STRANE STATICKI NEPOZNATIH Xi

STANJE X1=1(moment):
1
dw
E 11 = E
=E

K
dx ( x = 0 )
E 21 = Ew( x =0 ) = E

1
2 2 K

STANJE X2=1(sila):
E 22 = Ew( x = 0 ) = E

1
2 3 K

1
dw
=E
E 12 = E

2 2 K
dx ( x =0 )

STANJE X1=X2=0:
(od vode)
Z ( x) = ...
N = Z a
a
(N Nx )(Nx = 0uglavnom)
Eh
dw
= E

dx ( x = 0 )

w = a =
E 10

E 22 = E w( x = 0 )

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SAVIJANJE KRUZNIH PLOCA

-rotaciono simetricno opterecenje i granicni uslovi:
DJ:

d 4 w 2 d 3 w 1 d 2 w 1 dw Z (r)
+

+
=
K
dr 4 r dr 3 r 2 dr 2 r 3 dr

w1=A+Blnr+Cr2+Dr2lnr
w1=C1+C2ln+C32+C42ln (=r/a)

w=wo+w1

M =
w0 =

dr
Z (r ) r dr
r

1 dr
M r dr partikularni int egral
K r

Z (r ) = Z 0 = const w0 =

Z0a4 4

64 K

SILE U PRESEKU:
d 2 w dw

Mr = K 2 +
r dr
dr
1 dw
d 2w
M = K
+ 2
dr
r dr
d 3 w 1 dw 1 d 2 w

Tr = K 3 2
+
r dr r dr 2
dr

-proizvoljno opterecenje:
d2 1 d
1 d 2 d 2 w 1 dw 1 d 2 w Z (r , )
2 +
=
DJ: 2 +
+ 2
+ 2
2
2
dr

r dr

r d dr

r dr

r d

w=wo+w1

___

w1= wo(r)+ Wm(r ) cos(m ) + W m(r ) cos(m )

m =0

m =1

wo(r)-izraz za rotaciono simetricno opt(m=0), nista ne zavisi od

-smena r=et =>DJ=>j-na sa konstantnim koeficijentima
m>1: Wm = Am r m + Bm r m + Cm r m+ 2 + Dm r m+ 2
1
r
m=0: W0 = A0 + B0 r 2 + C 0 ln r + D0 r 2 ln r

m=1: W1 = A1 r + B1 r 3 + C1 + D1 r ln r

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SFERNA LJUSKA OPTERECENA

SILAMA PO KONTURI

R0
sin -promena poluprecnika paralelnog kruga
Eh
2 sin
( = ) = 2
-obrtanje preseka po konturi
Eh
R0 ( = ) = 2

a
3(1 2 )
h

SFERNA LJUSKA OPTERECENA

MOMENTIMA PO KONTURI

R0 ( = ) = 2
( = ) =
K=

sin
- promena poluprecnika paralelnog kruga
Eh

a
- obrtanje preseka po konturi
K

Eh 3
12 1 2

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STANjE: P 0
Z = ...
Y = ...

P( ) = (.........)
0

P( )
2a sin 2 0
N N
(3)
+
+ Z = 0 N
a
a
E 10 = 0 zaopterecenje _ u _ radijal . pravcu
E 10 = E R0 = E R0
N ( ) =

1
(N N )
Eh

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DIFERENCNI POSTUPAK
-pravougaone ploceDJ:

d 4w
d 4w
d 4 w z ( x, y )
+
2
+
=
K
dx 4
dx 2 dy 2 dy 4

w k +1 w k 1
dw

2 Sx
dx k
d 2w
w 2 w k + w k 1
k +1

2
Sx 2
dx k
d 3w
w
2 w k + 1 + 2 w k 1 w k 2
k +2

3
2 Sx 3
dx k
d 4w
w
4 w k +1 + 6 w k 4 w k 1 + w k 2

k +2
4
Sx 4
dx k
dw
w wi

l
2 Sy
dy k
d 2w
w 2 wk + wi
2 l
Sy 2
dy k
d 3w
w 2 wl + 2 wi wh
3 m
2 Sy 3
dy k
d 4w
w 4 wl + 6 wk 4 wi + wh
4 m
Sy 4
dy k
d 2w
w wl 1 wi +1 + wi 1

l +1
4 SxSy
dxdy k
d 3w
w 2 wl + wl 1 wi +1 + 2 wi + wi 1
2 l +1
2Sx 2 Sy
dx dy k
d 3w
w 2 wk +1 + wi +1 wl 1 + 2 wk 1 wi 1

l +1
2
2 Sy 2 Sx
dxdy k
d 4w
4 wk 2( wl + wi + wk +1 + wk 1 ) + wl +1 + wl 1 + wi +1 + wi 1
2 2
Sx 2 Sy 2
dx dy k

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granicni uslovi
-slobodno oslonjena ivica
wk +2 = wk

-ukljestenje
wk +2 = wk

-slobodna ivica
My, k = 0....(1)
___

T y, k = 0....(2)

(1) Wl = 2Wk Wi 2 (Wk +1 + 2Wk + Wk 1 )

(2) Wm = Wh + 2 + 2 2 (2 ) (Wl Wi ) + 2 (2 )(Wi +1 + Wi 1 + Wl +1 + Wl 1 )

-kruzna plocam =

s
rm

-u svakoj tacki ploce u kojoj nam je nepoznat ugib pisemo

DJ:

2
c

(1 + m)Wm + 2 2(2 + m ) + m (2 m ) wm +1 + 6 + 22m + s 4 wm

2
K

2
Zms 4
2(2 m ) + m (2 + m ) wm1+ (1 m ) wm 2 =
2
K

Zm-vrednost povrsinskog opterecenja u tacki m.

- za r=0:
Z s4
16
64
c

w2 w1 + 16 + s 4 w0 = 0
3
3
K
K

PRESECNE SILE

2 wm + wm1 1 m
2

M , m = 2 wm+1 + m 2wm + wm 1 1 m
2
2
S

K
2
2
Tr , m = 3 wm + 2 wm+1 2 2 m + m 4 m wm + wm 1 2 2m + m wm 2
2S
Mr , m =

K
S2

m
wm+1 1 + 2

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KRUZNI PRSTEN
-RADIJALNA SILA
-imamo samo normalnu silu N
N = a X1 =

N
N
=
u = a
bh
Ebh

-RASPODELJENI MOMENTI
M = X2 a =
=
11

M
bh 3

y I =
I
12

u = a
E
= u bX 1=1

22 = X 2=1 =

u a u a'
d

12 = u aX 2=1

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MEMBRANSKA TEORIJA LJUSKI

ROTACIONO SIMETRICNO OPTERECENJE:
dN
d
( N R0) + N R1 cos + XR0 R1 = 0
R1 +
d
d
dN
d
(2)
( N R0) +
R1 N R1 cos + YR0 R1 = 0 PROIZVOLJNI OPT.
d
d
N N
(3)
+
+Z =0
R1 R 2
(1)

-rotaciono simetricno opterecenjeX 0; Y , Z = f ( ); N = 0

SFERA

P( ) = (Z cos + Y sin )R1 R0 2 d

0

N =

P( )
2Ro sin

N =
+ Z R2
R1

KONUS
tg
P( z ) = 2
cos

(Z sin + Y cos ) z dz
0

P( z )
2Ro cos
N

N =
+ Z R2
R1

N =

-ugao u vrhu konusa

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ROTACIONO SIMETRICNA DEFORMACIJA

ROTACIONO SIMETRICNE LJUSKE
1
(N N ) = 1 dv w
Eh
R1 d

1
=
(N N ) = dRo = 1 (v ctg w)
Eh
Ro
R2
dw
1
v +

=
R1
d

1
v =
[N R1 + R 2 N R2 + R1] d + C sin
sin
Eh

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MEMBRANSKA TEORIJA CILINDRICNIH

LJUSKI
-uslovi ravnotezedNx dNx
dNx dNx

(
1
)
+
+
=
0
(
1
)
+
+
=
0
X
X

dx
Rd
dx
Rd

dN
dN
x

+
+Y = 0
( 2 )

Rd
dx

N
+Z =0

( 3)
R

N = Z R

dN
dx + C1( )
Nx = Y +
Rd

dNx
Nx = X +
dx + C 2( )
Rd

zaX 0; Y , Z = f ( )

N = Z R

dN
x + C1( )
Nx = Y +
Rd

dN x 2 1 dC1( )
1 d
Nx =
Y +

x + C 2( )
R d
Rd 2 R d

-kruzna cilindricna ljuskaR=const=a

-opterecenje razvijamo u red

n =1

n =1

n =1

X = Xn cos n ; Y = Yn sin n ; Z = Zn cos n ;

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-zadrzavamo samo n-te clanove:

N = Zn a
Nx = sin n (Yn + n Zn ) dx + C1( )

1
1 dC1( )
cos n aXn n (Yn + n Zn ) dx dx
+ C 2( )
a
a d
-specijalan slucajNx =

C1 = A1sin n
zaXn 0; Yn, Zn = f ( )
C 2 = A2 cos n
N = Zn a
Nx = [(Yn + n Zn ) x + A1] sin n

x2
Nx = (Yn + n Zn ) A1 x + A2 cos n
2

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NAPREZANJE U RAVNI U POLARNIM KOORDINATAMA

Nr =

1 d 2 F 1 dF
+
;
r 2 d 2 r dr

d 2F
;
dr 2
1 dF 1 d 2 F
= 2

r d r drd

N =
N r

ROTACIONO SIMETRICNO OPTERECENJE:

1 dF
1
du
; Nr = A 2 + 2 B + C (1 + 2 ln r ); r =
r dr
dr
r
2
d F
1
u
N =
; N = A 2 + 2 B + C (3 + 2 ln r ); =
2
r
dr
r
N r = 0; r = 0

Nr =

F=D+Alnr+Br2+Cr2lnr D=0(ne utice na naprezanje)

C=0(za kruzni prsten uz uslov kompatibilnosti)
r = + r

dr

A i C=0 za ploce koje 'imaju centar'

Uticaji od temperature:
U=r

1
(N Nr ) + t t ulazi u prelazne uslove (UI=UII)npr.
Eh

) (

1
b

M = A 2 + 2 B + C (3 + 2 ln r ) rdr = 1 ln + (B + C ) b 2 a 2 + C b 2 ln b a 2 ln a
a
r

a
b

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NAVIER-OVO RESENJE

w( x, y ) = Amn sin(
m =1 n =1

mx
ny
) sin(
)
a
b

Zmn

Amn

4
n

b2

a b

ny
mx

Zmn :=
Z( x, y ) sin
sin
dx dy

b
a b
a

0 0

MORIS-LEVY
W=W1+W0
ny ny
ny

ny
Yn( y ) = An +
Bn ch
+ Cn +
Dn sh
a
a
a
a

nx
W1 = Yn( y ) sin
a
n =1

Wo = Won sin
n =1

Won =

nx
a

Zn a 4
Kn 4 4

2
nx
Zn = Z ( x )sin
dx
a 0
a
a

W ( x, y ) = W 0 + W 1 =

Zn a 4
ny
nx
ny ny
ny
4 4 + An +
sin
Bn ch
+ Cn +
Dn sh

a
a
a
a
a

n =1 Kn

- simetricno opterecenje An i Dn
- antimetricno opterecenje Bn i Cn (g.u. Y=+-b/2)

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PLOCA OSLONJENA NA GREDU

Y = (1) w p = w g

dWpl dWgr
dWpl
d 2Wpl dg
Mt
=
////(
2
)
=

=
= =

g
4
4
dy
dxdy
dx
GIt
dx
dx

___

d 4Wpl
Ty
K d 3Wpl
d 3Wpl

(
)
(1)
=
=
+
2

EIg EIg dy 3
dx 4
dx 2 dy
d 2Wpl
d
d 2Wpl dMt
d 2Wpl

=
= My = K
+
(2) GIt

2
dx
dxdy
dx
dx 2
dy

SILE U PRESEKU
d 2W
d 2W
Mx = K 2 +
dy 2
dx

d 2W
d 2W
My = K 2 +
dx 2
dy
d 2W
Mxy = K (1 )
dxdy

___
d 3W
d 3W
Tx = K 3 + (2 )

dxdy 2
dx
___
d 3W
d 3W
Ty = K 3 + (2 ) 2
dx dy
dy

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PLOCE NAPREGNUTE U SVOJOJ RAVNI

- naponska f-ja F:
- Nxy =

d 2F
dxdy

; Nx =

d 2F
d 2F
;
Ny
=
; ako su X i Y=0
dy 2
dx 2

DJ:za plocu opterecenu silama po konturi:

d 4F
d 4F
d 4F
+
2

+
= 0 (za plocu opterecenu silama po konturi)
dx 4
dx 2 dy 2 dy 4

- konturni uslovi:
cos =

dy
dx
; sin =
ds
ds

dF
= p nx ds = Qx
dy s
dF
= p ny ds = Qy
dx
s
s

dF
dF
dF =
dx +
dy F = p ny ( x x s )ds + p nx ( y s y )ds = M
dx
dy
0
0
dF dF
dF
=
cos +
( sin )
dn dx
dy

-Naponska f-ja mora da zadovolji DJ.

-opterecenje po konturi na osnovu F(x,y):
p nx = Nx

dy
dx
d 2F
d 2F
+ Nxy
p nx =
cos

+
sin
ds
ds
dxdy
dy 2

p ny = Ny

dx
dy
d 2F
d 2F
+ Nxy
p ny = 2 sin
cos
ds
ds
dxdy
dx

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-SILE U PRESEKU:
du
dv
Nx = D
+
dy
dx
dv
du
Ny = D +
dx
dy
Nx =

D=

Eh
(1 2 )

1
(1 )D du + dv
2
dy dx

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POLURAVAN
-opterecenje(periodicno) razvijamo u sin ili cos red sa periodom L.
-parno opterecenje:

p( x) =
a0 =
an =

a0
nx
+ a n cos
2 n =1
a

4
L

L/2

4
L

L/2

p( x)dx
0

p ( x) cos

nx
dx
a

naponska f-ja:
F=

Ao 2
nx
x + Yn( y ) cos
2
a
n =1

-neparno opterecenje

p ( x) = bn sin
n =1

4
L

bn =

nx
a

L/2

p ( x) sin

nx
dx
a

naponska f-ja:

F = Yn( y ) sin
n =1

nx
a

ny

Bn e
Yn( y ) = An +
a

ny
a

ny

+ Cn +
Dn e
a

ny
a

Cn i Dn=0 za poluravan
GRANICNE USLOVE POSTAVLJAMO PO SILAMA:
Nx =

d 2F
d 2F
d 2F
;
Ny
=
;
Nxy
=

;
dxdy
dy 2
dx 2

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