Valve 2

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van
MC LC MODULE
BO DNG, SA CHA CC LOI VAN
I. Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, vn hnh cc loi van. 2
1. Van cng.... 2
2. Van cu....... 11
3. Van bi....... 15
4. Van bm..... 19
5. Van mng..... 20
6. Van nt....... 21
7. Van mt chiu...... 27
8. Van an ton.... 29
9. Van iu khin..... 33
II. Cc nguyn nhn h hng thng gp ca cc loi van
v bin php khc phc... 61
III. Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van.. 62
IV. Hiu chun van an ton..... 66
V. Hiu chun van iu khin..... 66
Trang 1
NI DUNG CHI TIT:

I. Cu to, nguyn l lm vic, vn hnh cc loi van:
1. Van cng:
Van cng l mt trong nhng loi van c s dng rng ri trong cng
nghip. Van ca ng dng chy khi chng chn ngang qua ton b dng chy. Khi
van c m hon ton th ca ca chng khng nm trong dng chy ca vt cht.
Lc ny cn tr dng chy ca van l rt nh c ngha l s st p hay mt nng
lng khi vt cht i qua van c hn ch mc nh nht.
Van cng l mt loi van ng dng rt rng ri trong cc ngnh cng nghip
nh:
- Cung cp nc;
- Du kh;
- Cc nh my in
Hnh 1
a. Cu to:
Van cng bao gm cc chi tit sau y:
Hnh 3
Hnh 2
Hnh 4
Trang 2
Cc phn t lin kt ca van:

Loi van ny lin kt vi ng ng bng mt bch c hai u. Van v ng
ng c ni vi nhau bng cc bulng. Giong m c chn vo gia hai mt
bch ca van v ng ng s ni c c kn cao.
Hnh 5
* Np van ( bonnet ):
L phn t lin kt vi thn van bi cc bulon v ai c, phn trn ca np
van c tc dng ng lt dn hng cho trc van, ring i vi van cng np van
cn cha cng van khi thc hin qu trnh m van.
Ngoi ra cn c cc dng ni khc gia ng ng v thn van. Cc phng
php ny bao gm: Mi ni lp ghp ren, ni bng then cht, ni bng phng php
hn gi u.
Trong np van pha trn c khong khng c th ko tm ca ca van
ln khi m van. C rt nhiu dng ni gia np van v thn van hnh thnh nn
mt mi lp ghp kn. Chng c th l dng lp ghp bng mt bch, bng cch lp
ghp ren, hay bng mi lp ghp ren c hn ng mp.
Hnh 6
Trang 3
V trc chuyn ng tnh tin cn np van ng yn do vy gia trc v np

van lun lun c khe h, khe h ny s b r r khi van c dng lu cht chuyn
ng i qua. khng c s r r gia np v trc van c hp lm kn.
Hnh 7
Hnh 8
* Trc van ( stem ):
Trc van c tc dng bin chuyn ng quay ca tay quay thnh chuyn
ng tnh tin ca cng van, mt u trc van c ren c kt ni vi tay quay v
ng lt dn hng, u cn li c kt ni vi cng van.
* Tay van: (handwheel):
Khi tin hnh quay tay van ty theo chiu quay m lm cho trc van chuyn
ng ln hoc xung ko cng van chuyn ng theo thc hin qu trnh ng m
van.
ai c hm tay quay ( nu van cng iu khin bng tay ) n khp vi ren
ngoi ca ng lt dn hng lm cho tay quay v ng lt dn hng c nh vi
nhau, c loi ai c hm n khp vo trc van.
Ca van c gn vi cn van. Pha trn np van c np bt kn, np ny c
chc nng lm kn khng cho vt cht r r ra ngoi. Np lm kn c nhi vt liu
bt kn. u pha trn ca cn van c ni vi tay quay.
Hnh 9
Trang 4
Trong hnh v l loi ni bng ren. Khi vn tay quay th cn van s chuyn
ng ln xung ng hay m van. Nn chng ta cng c th gi y l loi van
c cn chuyn ng . Khi quan st v tr ca cn van ta c th nhn bit c van
ang v tr ng hay m.
Hnh di l mt lai van c cn chuyn ng khc. Np van c to ren
pha trong. Phn ren ca np van v cn van n khp vi nhau. u trn ca cn
van c ni vi tay quay bng mi ni khng chuyn ng. Khi cn van chuyn
ng ln hay xung th tay quay v ca van cng chuyn ng theo.
Hnh 10
Hnh 11
Hp lm kn (packing):
Hp lm kn c nh v trn np van, bn trong C vt liu lm kn
(amian) qun xung quay trc van, vt liu ny s b np lm kn p vo trc van v
Trang 5
np van bng np ca hp lm kn thng qua hai bulon v ai c c nh v trn

np van.
Hnh 12
Hnh 13
CU TO CA VAN
CC DNG CA VAN
* Ca van:
L phn t nhn chuyn ng tnh tin t trc van thc hin qu trnh ng
hoc m dng lu cht i qua thn van, tu theo loi van m cng c cu to nhiu
loi khc nhau.
Di y l mt loi van khc c mi lp ghp ren pha trong. loi ny
c mi lp ghp ren gia ca van v cn van. u trn ca cn van gn cht vi tay
quay.
- Thit k ca van: Ca van l phn dng iu chnh dng chy.
Hnh 14
Khi ca van chuyn ng xung chng s chn ng dng chy v to nn
kn gia n v hai vng tip xc. Khi ca van chuyn ng ln xung s sinh ra
lc ma st gia ca van v hai vng tip xc do s gy ra s mi mn cc phn
tip xc ny.
Mt khc dng chy ca vt cht lun c xu hng mi mn nhng phn tip
xc vi. Khi dng chy ca vt cht di p sut cao th s mi mn ngy cng ln.
Ca van trong trng hp B s b mi mn nhiu hn trong trng hp A.
Nu ca van v cc vng tip xc b mi mn nhiu th chng s khng cn tc
dng lm kn ton b dng chy khi ang v tr ng. V van ca b mi mn
Trang 6
khng ng u khi v tr iu tit nn thng thng khng s dng loi van ny

vo mc ch iu tit dng chy.
Hnh 15
Hnh 16
Ca van cng c nhiu dng iu tit khc nhau. Loi thng dng nht l ca
lin l ch to ch c c mt tm.
Hnh 17
Trong loi ca ny khi v tr ng th p sut ca dng chy ch tc ng
ln mt mt ca ca
Hnh 18
Trang 7
Mt dng ca van khc l ca gm c hai cnh song song. Loi ca ny gm

c nhiu phn ghp li vi nhau. Khi ng hai ca c chn cht bng hai tm kim
loi.
Hnh 19
Khi tm pha di chm im dng th n khng th tin thm c na.
Khi nu cn van tip tc chuyn ng xung n s to lc tc dng ln
tm pha di. Lc ny c hai tm s y hai cnh ra hai pha. Do trong loi van
ca ny ta c th c c kn cao. Phn cnh no tip xc vi dng chy ti s b
mi mn nhiu hn nhng v kn c to nn bi c hai cnh nn khi mt cnh
b mi mn ta vn c c kn i hi.
Khi m van, nhng chuyn ng u tin ca tay quay s lm gim lc tc
dng ln hai ca.
Trong mt s h thng c s thay i nhit ln, s gin n ng ng s
lm on thn van to nn lc tc dng rt ln ln ca van v c th lm cho ca van
khng th chuyn ng c. Van c hai ca song song c dng trong trng
hp ny. V khi tm pha trn c ko ln s gim c lc tc dng ln ca van
lm cho ca van c th chuyn ng mt cch d dng hn. V cu to ca loi ca
van ny gm nhiu phn ghp li vi nhau nn chng thng b trc trc nu nh
cc tp cht b tc kt hay lng ng trong nn loi van ny thng c dng
cho cc ng ng dn cc sn phm c sch cao.
Mt dng ca van khc l ca c lin c rnh gia. (Hnh di)
* Vng lm kn gia cng van v thn van (seat ring):
Hnh 20
Hnh 21
Trang 8
Vng lm kn c tc dng lm kn khng cho dng lu cht r r khi thc

hin qu trnh ng van hon ton, nu vng ny b mn th s r r s xy ra khi
van ng hon ton, ty theo tng loi m vng lm kn ny c th lm bng vt
liu phi kim loi hay kim loi ( nu kim loi thng l hp kim mu ).
b. Phn loi:
Theo cu to van cng c phn ra lm 3 loi:
1. Khi tin hnh quay tay quay th trc van chuyn ng tnh tin ln xung
cng vi cng van cn tay quay th ch chuyn ng quay m khng tnh tin theo
cng van.
Cu to ca loi ny nh sau:
Tay quay v trc c ghp vi nhau bi mt ai c v khng nh v trn thn
van, khi tin hnh quay lm cho ren trong ca np van n khp vi ren ngoi ca
trc van sinh ra chuyn ng tnh tin
Hnh 22
2. Khi tin hnh quay tay quay th trc, tay quay va chuyn ng tnh tin va
chuyn ng quay cn cng van chuyn ng tnh tin
Cu to loi ny nh sau:
Trc van c nh v trn np van cho php chuyn ng quay trn, nh vy
khi quay tay quay th trc v tay quay chuyn ng quay trn lm cho ren ngoi ca
trc n khp vi ren trong ca cng van lm cho cng van chuyn chuyn ng tnh
tin ln xung khi quay tay quay.
Hnh 23
Trang 9
3. Khi tin hnh quay tay quay th trc xoay trn khng tnh tin v ko theo
cng van nm nghing theo dng chy ca lu cht, tay quay chuyn ng quay
trn.
Cu to loi ny nh sau:
Trc van c nh v thn van v ni vi hp s cho php chuyn ng quay
trn, nh vy khi quay tay quay th trc xoay trn v tay quay chuyn ng quay
trn lm cho cng van lm cho cng van chuyn ng xung quanh trc (cng van
c nh trn trc van)
c. Nguyn l lm vic:
- Khi tin hnh quay tay quay theo ngc chiu kim ng h ( ty theo cu to
ca tng loi ) lm cho cng van chuyn ng i ln thc hin qu trnh m van.
- Khi quay tay quay theo cng chiu kim ng h lm cho cng van chuyn
ng i xung thc hin qu trnh ng van.
- Van cng lm vic c ch :
+ ng van hon ton
+ M van hon ton.
+ Khng lm vic c ch tit lu v ch ny cng van s b mi theo
mn do tc ng ca dng lu cht. N s b r r ln ng tip.
- Khi ng hoc m cng nhanh cng tt.
d. Cng dng:
V tr thng dng lp t trong nh my nhit in:
- Trc v sau cc bm ( bm nc cp, bm tun hon)
- Trc v sau cc b tit nhit, u ra b siu nhit..
Dng cch ly cc thit b ra khi h thng, i khi dng iu chnh dng
lu cht.
Hnh 24
Trang 10
2. Van cu:
a. Cu to van cu:
Dng chy i qua van ca l dng chy thng hng. Trong van iu tit
dng chy khi qua van b chuyn hng.
Hnh 25
Hnh 26
- Thn: c cu to chu c dng ln.
- Trc van: c th chuyn ng tnh tin hoc c th chuyn ng quay. Gia
trc v thn c hp lm kn v thng c mt khoang lm cn bng.
- m lm kn c th bng kim loi hay vt liu mm.
- Vng m lm kn.
- Thit k ca van: Ca van ca van iu tit cng c nhiu dng thit k
khc nhau. Loi thng dng nht l dng nt. Loi ny c dng cn phn di.
- Vng lm kn cng c dng cn n khp vi ca van. V th nu nh ca
van c khuyt tt mt phn th n vn gi c kn. C rt nhiu dng thit k
ca nt khc nhau nn trong s dng ta phi la chn loi thch ng cho cng vic
i hi.
Trang 11
Hnh 27
Hnh trn m t dng ca nt thao tc nhanh khi thc hin vic ng hay m
dng chy ch cn nhng chuyn ng nh ca cn van. Loi ny thng dng
trong qu trnh ng hay m dng chy.
Cc van iu tit c ca van dng nt thng c nhiu kiu thit k khc
nhau.
Hnh 28
V d nh ca dng ch V, ca cn bng ( dng thng ), ca vi ng lm
kn, ca dng cht. Vi cc dng ca van loi ny nhng chuyn ng nh ca cn
van ch to nn nhng thay i nh trong lu lng dng chy. Nhng van iu tit
thng c s dng v tr m mt phn v v tr ng v mc ch s dng loi
van ny l dng iu tit dng chy.
Hnh v di y m t mt dng khc ca van iu tit chng c gi l
a van nhiu thnh phn.
Hnh 29
Ca van c ch to bng kim loi v lp vt liu c tnh n hi nh cao
su. Khi ng van hon ton vng lm kn s tip xc vi lp vt liu n hi.
Trong h thng ng dn i khi c cha cc tp cht rn, nhng tp cht ny c th
lng ng trn b mt vng lm kn hay ca van v chng c th lm cho van khng
th ng c hon ton. Khi s dng a nhiu thnh phn th cc tp cht rn ny
Trang 12
s tip xc vi phn vt liu c tnh cht n hi do ta vn c c kn khi

van v tr ng.
Hnh v di y m t mt loi ca van khc. Trong loi ny ca van v
vng lm kn u c ch to bng kim loi, khi ng van nu nh c cc tp cht
rn lng ng trn vng lm kn hay ca van th chng s b nghin nh.
Hnh 30
b. Nguyn l lm vic:
Van cu c nguyn l lm vic nh sau:
Dng chy i qua van ca l dng chy thng hng. Trong van iu tit dng
chy khi qua van b chuyn hng.
Hnh 31
S i hng dng chy ny to nn s cun xoy v p sut ca dng chy
qua van cng b gim nhiu hn, do nng lng i hi chuyn cht lng qua
van iu tit cng ln hn.
Trong van iu tit phn y ca ca van nm song song vi hng ca dng
chy. Trong van ca, lc ma st gia vng lm kn v van ch c chm dt khi
van c m hon ton.
Cn trong van iu tit ca van khng trt dc theo b mt ca vng lm
kn, do vy mi tip xc gia ca van v vng lm kn s chm dt khi bt u c
dng chy.
Trang 13
Hnh 32
i vi van ca khi thc hin qu trnh ng v m van s xy ra s mi
mn do lc ma st gia cc vng lm kn v ca van cn i vi van iu tit th
ch to nn s mi mn nh.
Do vy trong cc cng vic i hi phi vn hnh van mt cch thng
xuyn th van iu tit l loi thch ng hn.
Khi van ca c dng trong qu trnh iu tit th s mi mn ca dng
chy to nn mn khng ng u phn y ca ca van. Cn trong van iu
tit khi v tr iu tit th ton b phn ca van nm trong dng chy do s mi
mn xy ra ng u hn.
Khi vng lm kn v ca van b mi mn ng u nhau th sau mt thi gian
s dng lu di vn gi c kn ca n. V l do ny nn chng thng c
dng trong qu trnh iu tit dng chy.
Hnh 33
Trong hnh v m t van ang v tr iu tit.
Khi dng chy t im A ti im B th kh nng ca van ng bt thnh lnh
v tc nghn khi n gn vi vng lm kn.
c c s vn hnh n nh, van iu tit phi c lp t vo h
thng theo hng dng chy vt cht i t phn di ca ca van ln.
Van iu tit i khi cng c thit k theo dng gc.
Trang 14
Hnh 34
Hng dng chy qua van dng ny b thay i t hn so vi van iu tit
thng thng nn xoy ca dng chy v s st p i qua van cng t hn.
c. Cng dng van cu:
- C th s dng iu tit.
- ng hay m hon ton.
C th s dng trong cc mi trng: kh, lng khng c bn l cht cng,
mi trng chn khng, mi trng ng lnh. Nn c s dng nhiu trong h
thng nhit in.
3. Van bi:
a. Cu to van bi:
Van bi c thit k v qu trnh vn hnh tng t nh van nt.
Hnh 35
Trang 15
Phn iu chnh dng chy c cu to trn v c l cho vt cht i qua. Bi

c gi cht gia hai vng lm kn. Tay quay c lp u trn ca cn van.
Khi vn tay quay mt gc 90o th van s v tr ng hoc v tr m. Do
van bi cng l loi ng m nhanh.
V hnh dng ca chng nn van bi c trn v vn hnh c d dng hn
van nt. V th nn gim c lc ma st gia bi v cc vng lm kn khi vn hnh
do chng khng cn ti s bi trn.
Tay quay ca van bi cng ging nh van nt n s nm song song vi dng
chy khi van v tr m. Cn khi tay quay nm vung gc vi ng ng th n
v tr ng. Van bi cng c th c ch to dn dng chy theo nhiu hng.
Hnh 36
Loi ny ngoi vic ng v m n cn c th i hng i ca dng chy.
Van ny ch c cn tr dng chy nh nn s st p v hin tng to xoy khi
dng chy qua van cng rt nh. Van bi thng khng dng cho mc ch iu
chnh dng chy v khi chng v tr iu tit th phn ca van nm trong dng
chy s b mi mn nhiu hn.
Hnh 37
Trang 16
Cu to ca van gm c cc phn sau:

1. C hin th trng thi ca van (indicator):
2. Trc (Stem):
Trc lm nhim v kt ni gia cn iu khin ( tay quay ) hoc c cu iu
khin vi bi.
3. Hp m lm kn (Stem packing):
Cng nh van cng van bi th gia trc v thn cng phi c lm kn bi
hp lm kn chng r r.
4. B phn c nh van (body nuts and bolts):
5. Vng m lm kn (seal ring):
Vng lm kn gia bi v thn van c tc dng lm kn khng cho dng lu
cht r r khi thc hin qu trnh ng van hon ton, nu vng ny b mn th s r
r s xy ra khi van ng hon ton, ty theo tng loi m vng lm kn ny c th
lm bng vt liu phi kim loi hay kim loi ( nu kim loi thng l hp kim mu )
6. Bi (ball):
- Bi c dng hnh cu trn bi c l thng sut v i qua trc ca bi, ng knh
l tng ng vi ng knh trn thn van. Ty theo kch thc tng lai m ng
knh khc nhau.
- B mt ngai ca van bi c bng rt cao do vy van bi khng cn phi bi
trn.
7. Thn van (Body):
Thn van bi c dng hnh cu gm hai na ghp li vi nhau, trong thn c
cha cc vng lm kn.
8. Ca van:
Van bi thng khng dng cho mc ch iu chnh dng chy v khi chng
v tr iu tit th phn ca van nm trong dng chy s b mi mn nhiu hn.
Hnh 38
Trang 17
phc v cho vic iu tit dng chy th van bi phi c thit k c bit.
Ca van thuc loi ny l tm kim loi lin, ca van ch tip xc vi vng lm kn
khi n v tr ng hon ton. iu ny cho php dng chy i qua ton b din
tch ca ca van khi n ch m mt phn. V th nn n c th dng iu tit
dng chy m khng xy ra s mi mn khng ng u.
Hnh 39
b. Nguyn l lm vic:
- Khi c cu iu khin hoc tay quay lm cho trc van xoay mt gc 90
th van thay i ch lm vic.
- Theo nguyn tc khi van ang v tr ng ta xoay cn iu khin ngc
chiu kim ng h th van m.
- Cng ging nh van cng van bi lm vic c ch :
- ng van hon ton
- m hon ton
- Van bi hn ch lm vic c ch tit lu.
- Van bi l loi van thc hin qu trnh ng m nhanh.
c. Phn loi
C rt nhiu kiu, chng ta c th phn ra:
1. Theo cch lin kt vi trc ta c:
- Bi khng c ngng trc (hnh 40)
- Bi c ngng trc (hnh 41)
Hnh 40
Hnh 41
Trang 18
2-Theo kt cu thn van ta c:

- Thn mt mnh (1 piece body) nh hnh 42
- Thn hai mnh (2 piece body) nh hnh 43
- Thn ba mnh (3 piece body) nh hnh 44
Hnh 42
Hnh 43
Hnh 44
4. Van bm:
a. Cu to:
Hnh 45
1. Thn van(body):
Trang 19
Thn van ca van bm tng t nh mt vng kim loi trn thn van c
nhng l dng nh v vo ng ng bi cc bulon v ai c.
2. a van( disc):
a van l mt tm kim loi n lm nhim v iu khin dng chy (ng
hoc m dng chy) thng qua c cu iu khin hoc tay quay
3. Vng chn (Seat ring):
L vng lm kn gia thn van v a van khi van thc hin qu trnh ng van
hon ton.
b. Nguyn l lm hot ng:
Van bm lm vic c 3 ch :
+ ng hon ton
+ M hon ton
+ M tit lu
Vic ng m ch cn quay tay quay hoc iu khin c cu ng mi gc
( theo qui nh ca nh ch to )
Lu :
Van bm l van c th dng u tit dng chy, v vy lc tc ng ca
dng chy s tc ng ln a van cho nn trong nhng iu kin nht nh ngi ta
s dng van bm c c cu gi gc m
C cu gi gc m:
Gm c hai phn: phn c nh c gn trn thn van gm l kim loi c
rng thng hoa v phn di ng l mt ci cht c gn trn cn van. C cu ny
nhm mc ch c nh gc m ca van khng cho dng lu cht tc ng lm thay
i gc ng m ban u
5. Van mng:
a. Cu to:
Van mng c cu to nh hnh 46 v 47 sau:
Hnh 46
1. Thn van
2. Np y
Trang 20
3. a nn
5. ng bc ngoi
7. Mng van
10. Chn (kim loi)
12. Bulong c nh.
4. Bnh xe iu khin tay

6. Ty van
8. Np y trn
11- Nm bm nht bnh
Hnh 47
b. Nguyn l hot ng
- Khi tc ng vo van ng hoc m th a van c nng ln ( hoc h
xung) lm cho khe h cho lu cht qua a van tng( hoc gim).
- Van thng dng trong h thng ha cht c lm cht liu nha t bit
s n mn, do ha cht v mi trng gy ra.
6. Van nt:
a. Cu to:
Van nt c cu to nh hnh 48 sau:
1- Vt dng bi trn.
Hnh 48
2- Vt cy v ai c hp lm kn
Trang 21
3- Np lm kn
5- Np van
7- Vt liu lm kn trc
9- Nt
4- ai c v vt cu np van
6- m lm kn gia np van v thn van
8- V m
10-Thn
Hnh 49
* Ca van:
Phn iu chnh dng chy (ca van) ca loi van ny c dng nt. Ca van
c ch to bng kim loi v c khe h xuyn sut ca van cho dng chy i qua.
V tr ca van c iu chnh bng vic vn tay quay.
Hnh 50
* Tay van:
Khi vn tay quay i mt gc 90 o ta s c van v tr ng hoc m hon
ton.
Nu so snh vi van ca th loi van ny c ng m nhanh hn.
Tay quay u pha trn ca cn van trong van nt chuyn ng theo cng mt
hng vi khe h ca ca van.
Khi tay quay nm song song vi ng ng th van v tr m.
Khi van v tr m hon ton th dng chy i qua van l ng thng cn
khi n v tr iu tit th dng chy qua van s to xoy v xy ra s st p.
Van nt thng khng c dng cho mc ch iu chnh dng chy v khi
n v tr iu tit th ca van s b mi mn khng ng u.
Trang 22
Hnh 51
Khi v tr ng th ca van v phn thn van phi to c kht cao.

Mi ln thay i v tr ca van th lc ma st s to ra gia phn thn v ca
van gy ra s mi mn thn v ca van. Khi chng b mi mn ti mt mc no
th s khng cn kh nng gi c kn khi v tr ng.
Van nt cng c th c ch to c nhiu khe h. Chng c gi l van

nhiu hng. Cc van nhiu hng thng c dng nh mt thit b phn chia
dng chy. Khi vn tay quay mt gc 90 o th s lm thay i hng dng chy. i
vi mc ch thay i hng dng chy th van nhiu hng c th thay th cho
nhiu van ca. iu ny tit kim c chi ph v lm d dng hn trong vn hnh.
Mt s hnh nh plug valve:
Trang 23
b. Phn loi:
Trang 24
Theo cu to van nt c chia ra cc loi sau:

- Loi hnh xylanh( hnh 52)
- Loi hnh nn( hnh 53)
Hnh 52
Hnh 53
Theo cch bi trn van nt c chia ra cc loi sau:
- Loi c bi trn;
- Loi khng bi trn.
Hnh 51
Hnh 52
Mt vi loi van nt c thit k l du bi trn pha trn, mt loi du c
bit c s dng bi trn ca van gim ma st gia thn van v ca van v
mng du ny cng tng thm kn cho van trong qu trnh s dng Hnh 53.
Trang 25
Hnh 53
Hnh 54 di y m t mt loi van nt khng cn c s bi trn.
Hnh 54
Trong loi ny ca van c th chuyn ng ln xung cng vi mc lm kn.
Khi ko ca van ln tc l gim n khp gia ca van v thn van lm
cho ca van d chuyn ng hn v gim lc ma st gia ca van v thn van.
Khi ca van c h xung chng s to c mi lin kt kn vi thn van.
Hnh 55
Trang 26
c. Nguyn l lm vic
- Nguyn l lm vic gn ging nh van bi, vic ng, m van khi xoay cn
iu khin mt gc 90
- Van nt ch hot ng ch ng hon ton.
- Van nt ch hot ng ch m hon ton.
- Van nt hn ch lm vic c ch tit lu.
- Mt s loi van nt hu nh khng c s dng ngnh cng nghip
ho cht v vt liu s dng ch to vng lm kn v m lm kn l polyme
- Khi khng s dng bi trn l thc hin qu trnh ng m van khng
cho xy ra ma st gia thn van v nt van khi thc hin qu trnh m hoc ng
van ta tin hnh xoay cn lm kn trc theo ngc chiu kim ng h lm xut
hin khe h gia nt v thn van. Sau ta tin hnh xoay cn ng, m.
7. Van mt chiu:
a. Chc nng v nhim v:
- Van mt chiu l loi van ch cho dng lu cht chuyn ng qua van mt
chiu cn chiu ngc th van ng. trng thi bnh thng khng c tc ng
ca chiu dng chy, trng lng ca a hoc nhng lc ph tr khc s lm cho
van ng li.
- Van mt chiu thng c lp sau my nn, bm hay sau mt h thng d
phng m bo cho chng khng chu s tc ng ca dng ngc khi khng
hot ng.
b. Phn loi:
Da theo s di chuyn ca phn t lm kn ng hoc m van m ta c th
chia ra:
- Van mt chiu c phn t lm kn nng ln h xung (lift check valves).
- Van mt chiu c phn t lm kn quay quanh mt trc (swing check
valves).
- Van mt chiu c phn t lm kn lc quanh mt trc (tilting- disc check
valves)
- Van mt chiu dng mng (diaphragm check valves).
c. Nguyn l hot ng:
hot ng n nh th khi vn hnh phi trnh:
- Vic hnh thnh p sut gy sc cao l kt qu ca qu trnh ng van.
- S dao ng bt thng ca phn t lm kn.
trnh vic hnh thnh p sut gy sc cao th van phi ng nhanh. Tuy
nhin vic ng ny cn ph thuc vo h thng trong c lp van.
Vic dao ng bt thng ca phn t lm kn c th lm n b h hng nhanh
chng v do lm gim tui th ca van. trnh n th phi chn c van cho
hp l cho p lc ca dng lu cht lun p phn t lm kn vo van mt cch
chc chn. Tuy nhin vic dao ng ny cng c th do nguyn nhn khc l dng
lu cht b ri lon rt mnh.
Do van phi c lp nhng v tr hp l.
xc nh tc ng ca van ta da vo:
- Khong cch ng i ca phn t lm kn t v tr van m hon ton n
khi ng hon ton.
Trang 27
- Lc qun tnh ca phn t lm kn-lc ny cng nh cng tt. i khi phi

gia c thm lxo tng lc ng.
- Nhng cn tr vic di chuyn t do ca phn t lm kn.
d. Nhng yu cu ca van mt chiu:
1. Van mt chiu c phn t lm kn nng ln h xung (lift check valves)
Dng van ny c li th hn hn trong van mt chiu v:
- Qung ng di chuyn ca phn t lm kn t lc van ng hon ton n
khi van m hon ton rt ngn v kh nng thot ca dng lu cht rt nhanh.
- Thng thng loi van ny c rnh dn hng cho nn vic ng van d
dng hn.
- Tuy nhin n cng tn ti mt s hn ch: phn t lm kn c th b kt do
dng lu cht bn (phi dng loi van bi) v nht ca dng lu cht ln s hn
ch tc ng (tr lc bng lxo).
- Sau y l mt s van mt chiu thuc loi ny:
Hnh 56: Van mt chiu nng-h xung (lift check valves)

2. Van mt chiu c phn t lm kn quay quanh mt trc (swing check
valves) c cu to nh hnh 6.4.2 Van mt chiu s dng a (Check wing)
Cc dng h hng thng gp
- B mt phn tip xc lm kn c th b try xc dn n vic lm
kn kem hiu qu
- C cu dn ng cho a c th b mi mn...
Hnh 57: (swing check valves)

Trang 28
3. Van mt chiu c phn t lm kn lc quanh mt trc

c cu to nh hnh 57
Hnh 58: (tilting- disc check valves)

Nhng hn ch thng gp:
- B mt phn tip xc lm kn c th b try xc dn n vic lm kn
km hiu qu.
- C cu dn ng cho a c th b mi mn...
8. Van an ton:
a. Gii thiu:
Ngay sau khi nhn loi c th un si nc to ra hi nc, s cn thit
ca thit b an ton tr nn r rng. Min l 2.000 nm trc, Trung Quc ang s
dng cauldrons vi np khp ni cho php (tng i) sn xut an ton hn ca
hi nc. Vo u th k 14, nh ha hc c s dng cm hnh nn v sau ny, l
xo nn hot ng nh cc thit b an ton trn tu pressurised.
Sm trong th k 19, v n ni hi trn tu v u my xe la thng xuyn
kt qu t cc thit b an ton b li, dn ti s pht trin ca van an ton cu tr
u tin.
Nm 1848, Charles Retchie pht minh ra bung tch ly, m lm tng b mt
nn trong van an ton cho php n m nhanh chng trong vng mt margin ap sc
qua cao hp. Hm nay, ngi s dng hi nc nht l bt buc do y t a phng
v cc quy nh v an ton bo m rng nh my ca h v cc qu trnh kt
hp cc thit b an ton v cc bin php phng nga, trong m bo cc iu
kin nguy him l ngn nga.
Chc nng chnh ca mt van an ton l do bo v cuc sng v ti sn.
Cc loi nguyn tc ca thit b c s dng ngn chn ap sc qua cao
trong nh my l s an ton hay van cu tr an ton. Cc van an ton hot ng
bng cch pht hnh mt khi lng cht lng t trong nh my khi c mt p lc
ti a l t nh trc, do lm gim p lc d tha mt cch an ton.
Nh van an ton c th l thit b duy nht cn li trnh s tht bi thm
ha trong cc iu kin ap sc qua cao, iu quan trng l bt k thit b nh vy c
kh nng iu hnh ti mi thi im v trong mi iu kin c th.
Trang 29
Van an ton nn c ci t bt c ni no nhng p lc lm vic ti a cho

php (MAWP) ca mt h thng hoc p lc c cha tu c kh nng c vt
qu. Trong cc h thng hi nc, van an ton thng c s dng bo v ni
hi ap sc qua cao v cc ng dng khc nh h ngun ca vic gim p lc kim
sot. Mc d vai tr chnh ca h l an ton, van an ton cng c s dng trong
qu trnh hot ng ngn chn thit hi sn phm do p lc d tha. p lc d
tha c th c to ra trong mt s tnh hung khc nhau, bao gm:
Mt s mt cn bng ca flowrate cht lng gy ra do v tnh ng hoc m
van c lp trn mt tu qu trnh.
Tht bi ca mt h thng lm mt, cho php hi hoc cht lng m rng.
Kh nn hoc khng in iu khin my mc.
Thong qua p lc dng.
Tip xc vi cy trng v chy.
Trao i nhit ng tht bi.
Ta nhit khng kim sot cc phn ng ha hc trong thc vt.
Nhit mi trng thay i.
Cc van an ton 'thut ng' v 'van an ton cu tr' l thut ng chung m
t nhiu loi thit b gim p lc c thit k ngn nga qu nhiu p lc cht
lng bn trong xy dng. Mt lot cc van khc nhau c sn cho nhiu ng dng
khc nhau v tiu ch hiu sut. Hn na, kiu dng khc nhau c yu cu phi
p ng cc tiu chun quc gia rt nhiu m qun vic s dng cc van an ton.
Danh sch cc tiu chun quc gia c lin quan c th tm thy phn cui
ca hng dn ny.
Trong hu ht cc tiu chun quc gia, cc nh ngha c th c trao cho cc
iu khon lin quan n an ton v van cu tr an ton. C mt vi s khc bit
ni bt gia nhng thut ng c s dng M v chu u.
Mt trong nhng khc bit quan trng nht l mt van gi l van an ton mt ''
chu u c gi l van an ton mt 'o' hay 'van gim p lc' ti Hoa K.
Ngoi ra, van an ton ca cc thut ng ' M thng cp c th n ton nng
loi van an ton c s dng chu u.
Cc ASME / ANSI PTC25.3 tiu chun p dng i vi Hoa K xc nh cc
iu kin chung sau y:
Van gim p - Mt ma xun ti van gim p lc c thit k m lm
gim p lc d tha v reclose v ngn chn dng chy ca cht lng hn na sau
khi iu kin bnh thng c phc hi.
N c c trng bi mt nhanh chng m 'pop' hnh ng hoc bng cch
m theo cch thng thng t l thun vi tng p lc i vi p lc m ca. N c
th c s dng cho c cht lng nn hoc incompressible, ty thuc vo thit k,
iu chnh, hoc ng dng.
y l mt thut ng chung, bao gm cc van an ton, van van cu tr v cu
tr an ton.
Van an ton - Mt gim p lc van actuated bi p lc tnh ht gi v c
trng bng cch m hoc hnh ng nhanh chng nhc pop.
Van an ton ch yu c s dng vi cc loi kh nn v c bit cho hi
nc v dch v hng khng. Tuy nhin, h cng c th c s dng cho cc ng
dng loi qu trnh m h c th cn thit bo v thc vt hoc trnh hng ca
sn phm ang c x l.
Trang 30
Relief Van - Mt thit b p lc cu tr actuated bi p lc tnh ht gi c ni

chung nng dn t l thun vi tng p lc vi p lc m ca.
Van cu tr c s dng ph bin trong cc h thng cht lng, c bit l
i vi dung lng thp hn v nhim v m rng nhit. H cng c th c s
dng trn h thng bm overspill nh cc thit b p lc.
Cu tr van an ton - Mt gim p lc van c trng bng cch m hoc hnh
ng nhanh chng pop, hoc bng cch m theo t l tng p lc i vi p lc
m, ty thuc vo ng dng, v c th c s dng hoc cho cc cht dch lng
hoc nn.
Nhn chung, van an ton cu tr s thc hin nh l mt van an ton khi c
s dng trong mt h thng kh nn, nhng n s m t trng n p sut qa cao
khi c s dng trong cc h thng cht lng, nh l mt van xin cu tr. Cc tiu
chun chu u (BS 6.759 v DIN 3320) cung cp cc nh ngha sau y:
Van an ton - Mt van t ng, m khng cn s gip ca bt k nng
lng khc hn l ca cc cht dch c lin quan, thi mt lng chng nhn ca
cc cht lng ngn chn mt p lc ang c vt qu nh trc an ton, v
c thit k ti cht ch v ngn nga thm dng chy ca cht lng sau khi cc
iu kin p sut bnh thng ca dch v c phc hi.
V d in hnh ca van an ton c s dng trn h thng hi nc c th
hin trong hnh
b. Nhim v:
Nhim v ca van an ton l m bo s an ton cho mt thit b hay mt cm
thit b no bng cch gi cho p sut ca thit b hay cm thit b lun lun
trong gii hn p sut cho lm vic ( an ton ) cho php.
Hnh 59
Trang 31
c. Cu to:
Hu ht cc van an ton c cu to ging nhau:
Cu to van an ton nh hnh 60 sau:
Hnh 60
1. Thn van
2. Piston(cng van)
3. L xo
4. Ty van.
5. Thn van trn
6. L x hi khi b tc ng
7. Tay van
8. c c nh v iu chnh lc lo xo
9. c c nh thn van
d. Nguyn l lm vic:
Van an ton l loi van thng xuyn ng n ch lm vic (t ng) v bt
buc phi lm vic mt p sut ti thiu no y (p sut ci t). iu c
ngha l khi p trong h thng t n gi tr ci t ca van an ton th van an ton
s t ng m lm gim p sut trong h thng.
Lu :
Van an ton l loi van bt buc phi c kim nh k bi nhng t chc
c chc nng theo ng qui nh ca nh nc.
e. Phn loi van an ton:
- Van x: van s dng cho dng lng
- Van an ton: van s dng cho kh, hi v thit b si
- Van x p sut an ton: s dng cho dng lu cht chu nn hoc khng
chu nn.
Trang 32
Hnh 61
9. Van iu khin:
a. Nhim v:
Nhim v van iu khin l iu khin v kim sot lu lng lu cht qua
van
b. Phn loi van:
Van iu khin thng c phn loi theo cu to( c cu iu khin ):
- Van iu khin bng kh nn
- Van iu khin bng in (motor-in)
- Van iu khin in t (kt hp thy lc,kh nn...)..
c. Van iu bng kh nn:
Cu to:
Van iu khin c cc b phn sau:
1. C cu chp hnh ( phn van: van cu,van nt...).
2. C cu iu khin ( b phn truyn ng)
a. Bnh truyn ng (actuator)
b. L xo (spring)
c. Mng iu khin(diaphrgm)
d. Kh nn ng lc (air pressure)
3. Tn hiu iu khin.
Trang 33
Hnh 62
Hnh 63
Hnh 64
Trang 34
Hnh 65
Ghi ch:
Hnh 63; 64; 65: Majoi Components of Typical Sliding Stem Control Valve Assemblies.
Hnh 66: Typical Reverse Acting Diapharagm Actuator.
Hnh 67a. Extension Bonnet
Hnh 67b. Bellows Seal Bonnet

Trang 35
Hnh 68
Hnh 69
Trang 36
Hnh 70
Nguyn l lm vic ca van:

Trng thi ban u ca van: c hai trng thi
* Van thng m c tn chn iu khin nm trn l xo.
* Van thng ng c tn chn iu khin nm di l xo
Van iu khin l loi van lm vic theo nguyn l thay i dng in (in
p) iu khin thay i m ca van: khi c tn hiu ng hay m van th xut
hin tn hiu dng in (in p) iu khin thay i th b phn chuyn i tn
hiu (I (u)/P) n chuyn thnh vic thay i p sut kh iu khin v p sut ny
tc ng ln l xo lm thay i m ca van (thay i lu lng lu cht).
m bo s thay i ny c chnh xc th trn thn van ngi ta gn thm thit b
cm nhn s thay i ca trc van (positioner) v thit b ny quay li iu chnh
mt ln na (chnh tinh) kt qu ta s c c m chnh xc cho van.
-Van iu khin c th lm vic hai ch : ch t ng v ch iu
khin bng tay.
Hnh 71
Trang 37
Cu to cc kiu van iu khin bng kh nn trc trt:
Hnh 72
Trang 38
Hnh 73:
Positioner Schematic for Diaphragm Actuator
Hnh 74:
ENVIRO SEAL PTFE Packing System
Trang 39
Hnh 75:
ENVIRO SEAL ( PTFE and Graphite) Packing System
Hnh 76
Diaphragm Actuators
Trang 40
Hnh 77 Lock Up System Schematic for Piston Actuator
Hnh 78: Typical Schematic of a Fail Safe System

Trang 41
Hnh 79: Turbine Bypass System
Hnh 80: Lc van

Trang 42
Hnh 81: Valve and inline Difuser Combination
Hnh 82a:
Valve and Vent Difuser Combination
Hnh 82b:
Special Valve Design to Eliminate Cavita-tion
Hnh 82a: Typical In-Line Silencer

Trang 43
Hnh 82a: Globe Style valve With Noise Abatement Cage For Aerodynamic Flow
Hnh 82a: Ball Style valve With Attenuator to reduce HydrodynamicNoise

d. Van iu khin bng motor:
Cu to
1. Motors:
Motor dng cho van l loi 3 pha hoc1 pha. (Nhng thng s k thut c
ghi trn nhn motor.)
2. Control unit :
Khi iu khin.
- C 2 cng tc gii hn:
Cng tc gii hn ng (s tc ng khi valve v tr kt thc ng) v cng
tc gii hn m (s tc ng khi valve v tr kt thc m)
- C 2 cng tc lc quay:
S tc ng (qu touqe) khi cc cng tc gii hn trn khng tc ng.
3. Gearing:
Truyn ng bng bnh rng.
Valve attachment : phn lin kt vi valve.
Trang 44
4. Manual operation: Cn iu khin bng tay.

5. Kt ni in:
Nhng u ni cp u khin v ngun cung cp cho ng c l nhng l
cm v u cm dng AUMA .
Ty tng lai valve m b chp hnh s ngng v tr kt thc bng cng
tc gii hn hoc cng tc lc quay.
Hnh 80
Cc ch hat ng:
- Ch Remote:
ch ny swich chuyn i t v tr remote. Valve s c iu khin
ng, m t DCS .
Trang 45

Hnh 81
- Ch Local:
ch ny swich chuyn i t v tr local.
Valve s c iu khin ng, m ti ch bng cc nt nhn nh trn hnh v
sau:
Hnh 82
- iu khin bng tay:

Ch ny thc hin khi cn thit. chng hn nh : cn chnh valve hoc khi
c yu cu ng m valve trong vn hnh h thng m khng thc hin iu khin
ng, m valve hai ch trn.
Thao tc thc hin ch ny nh sau:
Trang 46
Hnh 83
Ko n by mt gc 90 nh hnh v , quay cn quay tay mt gc nh ,

sau th n by v v tr c . lc ny ta c th ng hoc m valve bng cn
quay tay (theo chiu qui nh trn bnh quay tay).
Hnh 84
Trang 47
e. Khi nim v h thng iu khin bng kh nn:

Mt h thng iu khin thng bao gm t nht l mt mch iu khin gm
c cc phn t c m t nh sau:
Hnh 85. Cu trc ca mch iu khin v cc phn t.

- Phn t nhn tn hiu
Phn t ny l phn t u tin ca mch iu khin c nhim v nhn
nhng gi tr ca i lng vt l nh l i lng vo. V d: Cng tc, nt bm,
cng tc hnh trnh, cc cm bin.
- Phn t x l tn hiu
Phn t ny c nhim v x l tn hiu nhn vo theo mt qui tc logic xc
nh, lm thay i trng thi ca phn t iu khin. V d: van o chiu, van tit
lu, van logic OR hoc AND
- C cu chp hnh
Phn t ny c nhim v thay i trng thi ca i tng iu khin, l
i lng ra ca mch iu khin. V d: xylanh, ng c, b bin i p lc
a. Van o chiu:
Van o chiu c nhim v iu khin dng nng lng kh nn bng cch
ng m hay chuyn i v tr thay i hng i ca dng nng lng.
a.1. Nguyn l hot ng:
Nguyn l hot ng ca van o chiu (hnh 4.2): Khi cha c tn hiu tc
ng vo ca (12) th ca (1) b chn v ca (2) ni vi ca (3). Khi c tn hiu tc
ng vo ca (12) nng van s dch chuyn v pha bn phi, ca (1) ni vi ca (2)
v ca (3) b chn. Trng hp tn hiu tc ng vo ca (12) mt i, di tc ng
ca lc l xo, nng van tr v v tr ban u.
Hnh 85. Nguyn l hot ng ca van o chiu.

Trang 48
a.2. K hiu van o chiu:

S chuyn i ca nng van c biu din bng cc vung lin nhau vi
cc ch ci o, a, b, c
V tr khng c k hiu l v tr m khi van cha c tc ng ca tn
hiu ngoi vo. i vi van c 3 v tr, th v tr o gia, k hiu o l v tr
khng .
i vi van c hai v tr, th v tr khng c th l v tr a hoc b, thng
thng th v tr bn phi b l v tr khng .
Bn trong vung ca mi v tr l cc ng thng c hnh mi tn, biu
din chuyn ng ca dng kh nn qua van.
Trng hp dng b chn c biu din bng du gch ngang.
Hnh 86. K hiu v tn gi ca van o chiu.

a.3. Tn hiu tc ng:
Nu k hiu l xo nm ngay pha bn phi ca k hiu van o chiu, th
van o chiu c v tr khng, v tr l vung pha bn phi ca k hiu
van o chiu v c k hiu o.
iu c ngha l khi no cha c tc ng vo nng van, th l xo tc
ng gi v tr . Tc ng pha i din ca van,
V d: tn hiu tc ng bng c, bng kh nn hay bng in gi vung
pha bn tri ca van v c k hiu 1.
Trong hnh 87 l s biu din cc loi tn hiu tc ng ln nng van o
chiu.
Trang 49
Hnh 87: Tn hiu tc ng

a.4. Van o chieu c v tr khng (khng duy tr)
- Van o chieu c v tr khng l loi van nu khng c tn hiu tc ng
th van ch dng mt v tr duy nht (i vi van c hai v tr th thng v tr b;
loi van c 3 v tr th v tr khng nm vung gia).
- Van o chiu 2/2, tc ng c hc u d
Hnh 88. Van o chiu 2/2.

- Van o chiu 3/2 tc ng c hc - u d

- Van o chiu 3/2 tc ng bng tay nt n
Trang 50

- Van o chiu 4/2 tc ng bng bn p
Hnh 91: Van o chiu 4/2.

- Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng c u d:

- Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng kh nn:
Hnh 93. Van o chiu 5/2 tc ng bng kh nn.

- Van o chiu 4/2 tc ng trc tip bng nam chm in:
Hnh 94. Van o chiu 4/2 tc ng trc tip bng nam chm in.
- Van o chiu 3/2 tc ng bng nam chm in qua van ph tr:
Ti v tr khng ca P b chn, ca A ni vi ca R. Khi dng in vo
Trang 51
cun dy, pt tng tr b ko ln, kh nn s theo hng P1 12 tc ng ln pt

tng ph, pt tng ph b y xung, van s chuyn sang v tr 1, lc ny ca P ni
vi ca A, ca R b chn. Khi dng in mt i, pt tng tr b l xo ko xung v
kh nn phn trn pt - tng ph s theo ca Z thot ra ngoi.
Hnh 95. Van o chiu 3/2 tc ng bng nam chm in qua van ph tr.
- Cng tc hnh trnh (c chn):
Chiu tc ng ln u d l cng hng vi khong chy ca u d.
Chiu tc ng ln cng tc hnh trnh bng con ln tc ng hai chiu c m t
hnh 97. i vi cng tc hnh trnh (c chn) bng con ln tc ng mt chiu
khi chiu tc ng t tri qua phi, con ln b xoay, khng c tn hiu tc ng ln
cng tc hnh trnh.
Hnh 96: Cng tc hnh trnh.

a.5. Van o chiu khng c v tr khng (c duy tr):
Van o chiu khng c v tr khng l loi van sau khi tn hiu tc ng
lan cui ln nng van khng cn na, th van s gi nguyn v tr lan , khi no
cha c tc ng ln pha i din nng van. V tr tc ng c k hiu a, b, c
Tc ng ln nng van c th l:
- Tc ng bng tay, bn p.
- Tc ng bng dng kh nn ieu khin i vo hay i ra t hai pha nng
van.
- Tc ng trc tip bng in t hay gin tip bng dng kh nn i qua
van ph tr.
Loi van o chieu chu tc ng bng dng kh nn iu khin i vo hay
i ra t hai pha nng van hay tc ng trc tip bng in t hoc gin tip bng
dng kh nn i qua van ph tr c gi l van o chiu xung bi v v tr ca van
c thay i kh c tn hiu xung tc ng ln nng van.
- Van trt o chiu 3/2 tc ng bng tay:
Trang 52
Hnh 97. Van trt o chiu 3/2.

Khi dch chuyn ng lt sang v tr a, th ca P ni ca A v ca R b chn.
Khi dch chuyn ng lt sang v tr b, th ca A ni vi ca R v ca P b chn.
- Van xoay o chiu 4/3 tc ng bng tay:
Hnh 98. Van xoay o chiu 4/3.

- Van o chiu xung 5/2 tc ng bng dng kh nn iu khin i ra t hai
pha nng van:
Nguyn tc hot ng cng tng t ging nh van o chiu xung 4/2 tc
ng bng dng kh nn iu khin i ra t hai pha nng van.
Hnh 99. Van trt o chiu 5/2.

- Van o chiu xung 3/2 tc ng bng nam chm in qua van ph tr:
Hnh 100: Van o chiu xung 3/2.


Trang 53

b. Van chn:
Van chn l loi van ch cho lu lng kh nn i qua mt chiu, chiu ngc
li b chn. p sut dng chy tc ng ln b phn chn ca van v nh vy van
c ng li. Van chn gm c cc loi sau:
- Van mt chiu.
- Van logic OR.
- Van logic AND.
- Van x kh nhanh.
c. Van mt chiu:
Van mt chiu c tc dng ch cho lu lng kh nn i qua mt chiu, chiu
ngc li b chn. Nguyn l hot ng v k hiu van mt chiu, dng kh nn i
t A qua B, chiu t b qua A b chn.
Hnh 103: Van mt chiu

d. Van logic OR:
Nguyn l hot ng v k hiu van logic OR nh sau: Khi c dng kh nn
qua ca P1 s y pt tng tr ca van sang v tr bn phi chn ca P2, nh vy
ca P1 ni vi ca A. Khi c dng kh nn qua ca P2 s y pt tng tr ca van
sang v tr bn tri chn ca P1, nh vy ca P2 ni vi ca A. Nh vy, van logic
OR c chc nng l nhn tn hiu iu khin nhng v tr khc nhau trong h
thng iu khin.
Hnh 104: Van logic OR.

e. Van logic AND:
Khi c dng kh nn qua ca P1 s y pt tng tr ca van sang v tr bn
phi nh vy ca P1 b chn. Khi c dng kh nn qua ca P2 s y pt tng tr
Trang 54
ca van sang v tr bn tri, ca P2 b chn. Nu dng kh nn ong thi i qua

ca P1 v P2, ca A s nhn c tn hiu, tc l kh nn s i qua ca A. Nh vy
van logic AND c chc nng l nhn tn hiu iu khin cng mt lc nhng v tr
khc nhau trong h thng iu khin.
Hnh 105. Van logic AND.

f. Van x kh nhanh:
Khi dng kh nn i qua ca P2 s y pt tng tr sanh phi chn ca R,
nh vy ca P ni vi ca A. Trng hp ngc li, khi dng kh nn i t A s
y pt tng tr sang tri chn ca P v nh vy ca A ni vi ca R. Van x kh
nhanh thng lp v tr gn c cu chp hnh, v d pt tng c nhim v x kh
nhanh ra ngoi.
Hnh 106. Van x kh nhanh.

g. Van tit lu:
Van tit lu c nhim v iu chnh lu lng dng chy tc l iu chnh
vn tc hoc thi gian chy ca c cu chp hnh. Ngoi ra van tit lu cng c
nhim v iu chnh thi gian chuyn iv tr ca van o chiu. Nguyn l lm
vic ca van tit lu l lu lng dng chy qua van ph thuc vo s thay i tit
din.
g.1. Van tit lu c tit din khng thay i:
Lu lng dng chy qua khe h ca van c tit din khng thay i c.
Hnh 107: K hiu van tit lu c tit din khng thay i.

g.2. Van tit lu c tit din thay i:
Van tit lu c tit din thay i iu chnh c lu lng dng chy qua
van.
Hnh 108 l nguyn l hot ng v k hiu ca van tit lu c tit din thay
Trang 55
i, tit lu c c hai chiu ca dng kh nn i t A qua B v ngc li. Tit

din c thay i bng vt iu chnh.
Hnh 108: Van tit lu c tit din thay i c.

g.3. Van tit lu mt chiu iu chnh bng tay:
Nguyn l hot ng ca van nh sau: tit din chy Ax thay i bng cch
iu chnh vt iu chnh. Khi dng kh nn i t A qua B, l xo y mng chn
xung v dng kh nn ch i qua tit din Ax. Khi dng kh nn i t B qua A, p
sut kh nn thng lc l xo, y mng chn ln v nh vy dng kh nn s i qua
khong h gia mng chn v mt ta mng chn, lu lng khng c iu
chnh.
Hnh 109: Van tit lu mt chiu iu chnh bng tay

h. Van p sut:
h.1. Van an ton:
Van an ton c nhim v gi p sut ln nht m h thng c th ti. Khi p
sut ln hn p sut cho php ca h thng th dng p sut kh nn s thng lc l
xo v kh nn s theo ca R thot ra ngoi mi trng.
Hnh 110. Van an ton.

h.2. Van trn:
Nguyn tc hot ng ca van trn tng t nh van an ton nhng ch khc
Trang 56
ch l khi p sut ca P t c gi tr xc nh th ca P s ni vi ca A ni
vi h thng iu khin.
Hnh 111. K hiu van trn.

h.3. Van iu chnh p sut:
Van iu chnh p sut c cng dng gi cho p sut khng i ngay c khi
c s thay i bt thng ca ti trng lm vic pha ng ra hoc s dao ng
ca p sut ng vo van.
Nguyn tc hot ng ca van iu chnh p sut nh sau (Hnh 112):
- Khi iu chnh trc vt, tc l iu chnh v tr ca a van, trong trng
hp p sut ca ng ra tng ln so vi p sut c iu chnh, kh nn s qua l
thng tc dng ln mng, v tr kim van thay i, kh nn qua l x kh ra ngoi.
n khi p sut ng ra gim xung bng vi p sut c iu chnh,
kim van tr v v tr ban u.
Hnh 112: Nguyn l hot ng v k hiu ca van iu chnh p sut

F: Gii thiu mt s van dng trong iu khin:
F.1. Van a 3/2 thng m:
Trang 57
a. Trng thi khng tc ng.

b. Trng thi tc ng
F.2. Van a 3/2 c iu khin bng kh nn thng ng:
a. Trng thi khng tc ng.

b. Trng thi tc ng
F.3. Van a 3/2 c iu khin bng kh nn thng m:
F.4. Van 3/2 c iu khin bng n by- con ln thng ng:
Trang 58
F.5. Van 3/2 c iu khin bng n by- con ln thng m:
F.6. Van a 4/2 trng thi khng tc ng:
F.7. Van a 4/2 trng thi tc ng:
Trang 59
F.8. Van a 4/3 v tr gia ng:
F.9. Van a 5/2:
Trang 60
II. Cc nguyn nhn h hng thng gp ca cc loi van v bin php

khc phc:
- Van an ton:
Van an ton l loi van bt buc phi c kim nh k bi nhng t chc
- Cc loi van khc:
Khi khng s dng bi trn l thc hin qu trnh ng m van khng cho
xy ra ma st gia thn van v nt van khi thc hin qu trnh m hoc ng van ta
tin hnh xoay cn lm kn trc theo ngc chiu kim ng h lm xut hin khe
h gia nt v thn van.
Sau ta tin hnh xoay cn ng, m.
- Van iu khin:
1- DCS s bo li chung nu c mt trong nhng nguyn nhn sau:
+ Mt ngun cung cp:
Cch khc phc kim tra cc ch F3, F4 v ngun n valve.
+ S mt pha :
Cch khc phc kim tra ngun ng lc ti v kim tra cc ch F1, F2.
+ Bo v motor trip.
+ Cng tc lc quay trip trong gia hnh trnh: cch khc phc : chnh li
cng tc lc quay.
S u ni in trong valve:
2- DCS khng bo li nhng b chp hnh khng iu khin c t
DCS v Local. C th do mt trong s cc nguyn nhn sau:
+ Kim tra motor : chy cun stator, kt roto .
+ B truyn ng b kt- do kh du m, st r
3- Li sai v tr:
B chp hnh khng t ng dng c :
+ Nguyn nhn: Cc cng tc gii hn sai v tr.
+ Cch khc phc: Cn chnh li cc cng tc gii hn nh mc IV.
Ngoi ra cn mt s h hng nh nt nhn ti ch b kt,motor lu ngy b kt,
vng bi gia phn c v in b kh m bi trn ...
Trang 61
III. Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van:

III.1. Van cu:
1. M t:
Phn ti liu ny s dng cho vic lp t, vn hnh, bo tr, lu kho v vn
chuyn loi van cu ca nh sn xut: Seo-heung Metal Co., Ltd.
Cc c tnh thit k chnh ca loi van ny l hn kn, hn stellite, hn g
lp, hn tip ni v motor in vn hnh bng actuator.
1.1. C nhiu im c bn cn phi lu trong qu trnh lp t v bo tr
van ny.
1.2. Vic thc hin phi do ngi c tay ngh chuyn mn c o to v
c kinh nghim.
1.3. Tun th tt c cc quy nh v tiu chun an ton.
1.4. Nu c iu kin, nn tho van ra khi ng ng cng tc bo tr
c thun li hn. Lm v sinh vi mc cao nht.
1.5. S dng ngh ng vi van. Phi c sn cc ph tng thay th trc
khi tho van.
2. Lp t:
2.1 Kim tra bng mt trc khi lp van.
2.2 Kim tra v sinh cc b phn sau khi tho np nha.
2.3 Trc khi u ni van, xem cc k hiu, ch thch trn van (p lc, size,
chiu van, s, ...) bao m vic lp van ph hp vi thang p lc, nhit .
2.4 trnh nhng ng sut khng cn thit, chng van trong qu trnh
lp.
2.5 Phi v sinh k cc mi hn v bn trong ng ng.
2.6 Khng c s dng van nh gi ng ng.
2.7 Sau khi lp van xong, kim tra r ti tt c cc mi ni. Nu b r th phi
xit li cc buloong.
3. Vn hnh:
3.1 Th nghim p lc v van ti xng SEO HEUNG.
V van c th nghim p lc cao gp 1, 5 p lc cho php v th
nhit 100oF (38oC). Thn van c th nghim p lc cao gp 1, 1 p lc
cho php v th nhit 100oF (38oC).
3.2 Vn hnh bng motor v bng tay
Mi van u c ch vn hnh bng (cng tc) in ch khng ti n
mt momen xc nh, v n lm vic trong mi iu kin.
Khi vn hnh bng tay, kch hot van bng tay van, ngc chiu kim ng h
l m, theo chiu kim ng h l ng.
4. Tho van:
4.1. Khng cn nhng dng c, ngh c bit lp t, tho, bo tr v
lp li van ny.
4.2. Vn van mt ln na vng
4.3. Tho buloong v mt bch ni gia van v actuator.
4.4. Tho van hon ton ra bng cch vn van theo chiu kim ng h sau khi
tho bu loong.
4.5. Vn tho c chp theo chiu ngc kim ng h.
4.6. Nu hn kn th mi gia mi hn.
Trang 62
4.7. Tho chp van sau khi tho c chp bng tay. Cc b phn i theo chp
van phi nguyn, trnh lm hng bn trong thn van.
4.8. Tho tm m (gasket).
4.9. Tho cc c bng cha vn.
4.10. Tho ti (stem) ra khi bonnet bng cch vn v ko ra (xem hnh
Attachment 2). Ch ng ln ln v lm hng cc b phn.
4.11. Tho grand flange v grand. Trnh lm hng cc b phn.
4.12. Mi ch mi hn ca np (bonnet) v yoke.
4.13. Tch bonnet v tho yoke trnh lm hng ren.
4.14. Tho roong chn (packing ring) bng ngn tay. Trnh lm try xc
mt roong.
5. Bo tr:
5.1. Lau chi b mt ca tt c cc b phn van bng vi kh mm. Khi b
phn ca van c dnh du nht th phi ra sch (bng dung mi thch hp) v thi
kh bng khng kh.
5.2. Kim tra chn van (stem). Nu b try xc th phi nh bng hoc phi
thay ton b.
5.3. Body seat: Nu b r trn body seat th phi nh bng seat v disc.
5.4. Back seat: Kim tra r v try xc. Nu cn thit th phi nh bng b
mt.
5.5. Vng hn kn (ch ng dng i vi loi van hn kn): Trc khi hn
phi lm kh van, b mt hn phi v sinh sch s. B mt ca body v bonnet phi
c hn nhn v u n.
6. Lp li van:
6.1. Chi ren bn trong ca bonnet assembly bng acetone. (ch p dng i
vi bonnet hn)
6.2. Lp tm chn (packing ring) theo th t ca n.
6.3. Ni bonnet v yoke.
6.4. Sau khi lp stem n y ca bonnet, lp grand v grand flange sau
y key vo trong upper bonnet.
6.5. Xit c grand theo momen lc xit quy nh.
6.6. Lp tm m (gasket) vo thn van (body). Ni thn van vo cc b phn
lp. Trnh lm hng disc seat.
6.7. Xit cht body bonnet theo momen quy nh.
6.8. Sau khi ni body v bonnet, hn kn li.
6.9. Sau khi lp van v actuator. Xit buloong li.
6.10.
Reset li actuator.
7. Tra du m cho trc van (stem):
7.1. M van hon ton.
7.2. Bi mt lp du silicon (silicon lubricant) vo ren ca trc van.
7.3. Vn ng van kn li.
7.4. nh v trc van phi trung tm.
8. Bo tr tm chn (packing maintenance):
8.1. Kim tra tm chn nh k
8.2. Khi pht hin tm chn b r th phi xit c li.
8.3. Nu xit ht mc vn cn r th lp thm hoc thay tm chn. (Cty Seo
Heung c bn spare parts)
Trang 63
9. Lu kho:
9.1. Sau y l nhng hng dn tng qut v vic bo qun van trong kho.
9.2. Van phi c lu tr v tr tt, khng b ma, bi bn.
9.3. Cc l van phi c bt kn bng np nha trnh bi bn, m.
9.4. Khng nn xp van thnh ng trnh lm hng.
10. Vn chuyn:
10.1. Bc van xung cn thn, nguyn nhng np bo v v nhng ci
nm chn van dn khi lp.
10.2. Di chuyn van phi cn thn, khng cm van bng yoke ca n m
phi bng bng thn van (body) hoc l hai bn.
10.3. Khi di chuyn van phi gi nm ngang trnh lm cong trc van.
11. Thay cc b phn van.
11.1. Spare parts khuyn co (Xem s lp t)
Gasket:
Graphite + AISI 304
Graphite + AISI 316
Graphite + AISI 316L
Packing:
Xem Ph lc 1 (Attacment 1)
11.2. Part numbers c lit k trong s lp t
11.3. t hng, lit k s lng, part name, part number, valve serial
number v gi n t hng cho:
Seo Heung Metal Co., Ltd #1080-1, Shingil-Dong, Ansan-Si, Kyunggi-Do, Korea
ATTACMENT 1: Bng gi tr m-men
Rating
Size
Bonnet Bolt
Gland Bolt
1/2" - 3/4"
3-4
0.2-0.3
600LB
1"
4-5
0.6-0.8
1-1/2" - 2"
10-13
0.6-0.8
1/2" - 3/4"
NONE
0.4-0.5
1500LB
1"
NONE
0.7-0.8
1-1/2" - 2"
NONE
1.5-1.8
1/2" - 3/4"
NONE
0.6-0.7
2500LB
1"
NONE
1.2-1.5
1-1/2" - 2"
NONE
1.9-2.3
UNIT: Kg-m
III.2. Multi- turn actuator:
Loi multi - turn actuator l thit b c in c gi tr cao. V vy phi tun th
nhng im sau trnh lm hng thit b:
1. Vn chuyn v lu kho:
Vn chuyn n ni lp t phi ng gi vng chc.
Khng c ct dy thng nng hoc nng bng mc.
Lu tr ni thng thong, kh ro.
thit b trn k hoc trn sn g trnh m t sn nh.
Che y li trnh bi bn.
Bi cht chng st vo nhng b mt sng.
2. iu kin dch v:
Auma Multi-turn Actuator c th s dng trong cc iu kin mi trng nh
sau;
SAM -250C n +700C (Standard)
SARM - 250C n 600C
Trang 64
Cc loi SA c thit k cho cng vic ngn hn (short-time duty) S 2-15min

(Theo tiu chun VDE0530).
Cc loi SAR c thit k cho cng vic c gin on (intermittent duty) S 450% (Theo tiu chun VDE0530). Cho php s ln khi ng theo bng d liu k
thut (technical data sheet)
3. Vn hnh bng tay:
Vic vn hnh bng tay c ci ch trong trng hp motor khng hot
ng.
Chuyn cn chuyn i (Changeover) sang v tr gia tay van (khong 85o)
vn nh tay van.
Nh cn chuyn i ra (nu khng t ng tr v v tr c bng lc l xo)
th vic dn ng bng tay vn b kho, v vy phi y tr v v tr ban u.
Vn tc max cho vn hnh bng tay l 300rpm.
Khi motor khi ng th t ng loi b ch vn hnh bng tay.
4. u ni in:
Tun th cc quy nh v an ton.
Thi gian tr, ngha l thi gian t khi cng tc gii hn hoc cng tc mmen
(limit or torque switch) tng ln gp ba ln n khi motor off khng vt qu 20ms.
Nn lun lun tt (switch off) khi ng t tng ng (corresponding contactor)
bng cng tc gii hn hoc cng tc mmen.
Motor c th c iu khin nh sau:
AUMA MATIC, c th ph hp vi actuators SA /SAR
Khi ng t i chiu bn ngoi (external reversing contactors)
Kim tra ngun cp (dng, in p, tn s) c ph hp vi motor ( xem
nameplate).
III.3. Control Van:
1. Thng tin tng qut:
1.1. Hng dn.
Phn ny hng dn v quy trnh lp t, vn hnh v bo tr loi 8000 series
control valve. Phn lp van ny c bn bao gm thn van vi cc b phn bn trong
v actuator dng mng. Control valve bao gm tay van, positioner, cc cng tc gii
hn.
1.2. Chn la size ca actuarorC
Loi control valve 8000 bao gm 5 actuator sizes. Cc s sau l kich thc
c bn ch th ng knh ca mng: 240, 280, 330, 400, 500mm.
2. Hng dn:
2.1. Tng qut
Phn ny hng dn v quy trnh lp t control valve. Tuy nhin vic lp
t phi c p dng theo quy nh k thut ca tng nc.
Mi control valve c thit k theo nhng iu kin lm vic ring.
Nameplate dn theo tng control valve nu r nhng iu kin .
2.2. Nhn van
a. Gi h s v van s c gi km theo mi van.
b. Ngoi tr nhng yu cu c bit theo hp ng, van c ng gi theo
vn chuyn trong nc v lu kho indoor.
c. Phi kim tra tnh nguyn ai, nguyn kin ca kin hng.
Trang 65
d. Nu khng b h hng, kin hng phi gia nguyn khng c tho ra

cho n khi lp t. Tuy nhin, trong trng hp cn thit c th m np thng hng
ra kim tra tnh trng ca van, kim ph kin theo packing list.
IV. Hiu chun van an ton:
- Van an ton l loi van bt buc phi c kim nh k bi nhng t chc
- Cc loi van khc: Khi khng s dng bi trn l thc hin qu trnh ng
m van khng cho xy ra ma st gia thn van v nt van khi thc hin qu trnh
m hoc ng van ta tin hnh xoay cn lm kn trc theo ngc chiu kim ng
h lm xut hin khe h gia nt v thn van. Sau ta tin hnh xoay cn ng,
m.
1. Kim tra van an ton:
- Kim tra cn thn tt c cc chi tit.
2. Kim tra s hot ng ca van an ton:
Nhm kim tra p sut thot cho hp l.
- Nhng cng vic chun b:
+ chun b th tc kim tra.
+ Kim tra dng c p sut
+ Kim tra tng b phn ca l hi c lin quan
+ duy tr, gi vng s lm vic ca nt v n by
+ Duy tr s kh nng chu lc phn hi, ng thot.
3. iu chnh hat ng ca van an ton:
a. Chun b trc khi iu chnh.
- Kim tra khong o ca dng c p sut.
- Lm sch ng thot
b. iu chnh
- iu chnh p sut
- Ci t gi tr thot
V. Hiu chun van iu khin:
1- Phn iu khin :
L s lin ng, kt hp gia C IN IN T :
Trong :
- B ngun: Cp in p 24VDC
- Cng tc t i chiu (iu khin motor) : AC , Max 690 V, Max 7.5 kW.
Ty chn l, lin ng bng in t.
Trang 66
Mch bo v motor.
Kt ni in.
2- C cu chp hnh:
Trang 67
a)Motors: 3 pha hoc1 pha. (Nhng thng s k thut c ghi trn nhn
motor.)
b) Control unit : Khi iu khin.
Ty tng lai valve m b chp hnh s ngng v tr kt thc bng cng

tc gii hn hoc cng tc lc quay.
C 2 cng tc gii hn: cng tc gii hn ng(s tc ng khi valve v
tr kt thc ng) v cng tc gii hn m(s tc ng khi valve v tr kt thc
m)
Trang 68
- C 2 cng tc lc quay: s tc ng (qu touqe) khi cc cng tc gii

hn trn khng tc ng.
Sy bn trong: khang 5W, 24 V , cung cp bn trong.
c) Gearing:
truyn ng bng bnh rng.
d)Valve attachment : phn lin kt vi valve.
e)Manual operation: Cn iu khin bng tay.
f) Kt ni in: nhng u ni cp u khin v ngun cung cp cho ng
c l nhng l cm v u cm dng AUMA .
III- Cc ch hat ng
_ Remote: ch ny swich chuyn i t v tr remote. Valve s c
iu khin ng, m t DCS .
Trang 69
Local: ch ny swich chuyn i t v tr local. Valve s c iu khin

ng, m ti ch bng cc nt nhn nh trn hnh v sau:
_ iu khin bng tay: ch ny thc hin khi cn thit. chng hn

nh : cn chnh valve hoc khi c yu cu ng m valve trong vn
hnh h thng m khng thc hin iu khin ng, m valve hai
ch trn. -Thao tc thc hin ch ny nh sau:
Trang 70
Ko n by mt gc 90 nh hnh v , quay cn quay tay mt gc

nh , sau th n by v v tr c . lc ny ta c th ng hoc m
valve bng cn quay tay (theo chiu qui nh trn bnh quay tay).
IV- Cch cn chnh cc cng tc gii hn:
ng vi mi valve trong h thng vn hnh b chp hnh s c mt hnh

trnh (khong cch ng, m) khc nhau. Do trc khi a vo hat ng b
chp hnh phi c cn chnh li hnh trnh (tc l gii hn ng v gii hn m)
ph hp vi valve hin hnh.
a- S ci t cho v tr ng :
Quay tay thun theo chiu kim ng h cho ti khi valve tht s t t i
cui v tr ng sau dng tuc vt quay inh vt A (trn hnh v) theo chiu kim
ng h cho ti khi c B quay ti v tr nh du C th kt thc. Trng hp nu c
B qu v tr nh du C th tip tc quay inh vt A hnh trnh vng tip theo cho ti
khi c B t ti ng v tr C th kt thc vic thit t v tr ng.
Trang 71
b. S ci t cho v tr m:
Quay tay theo chiu ngc chiu kim ng h cho ti khi valve
tht s t ti v tr m . Sau dung tuc vt quay inh vt D (hnh v) theo
ngc chiu kim ng h ( ch : lc quay va v chm) cho ti khi c
E t ti v tr nh du F th kt thc. Trng hp c E vt qu v tr nh
d F th tip tc quay D hnh trnh vng tip theo cho ti khi c E dch
chuyn ti ng v tr F th kt thc vic thit t cho v tr m ca valve.
Trang 72

Valve 2

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Valve 2

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Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

NI DUNG CHI TIT:

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Cc phn t lin kt ca van:

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

V trc chuyn ng tnh tin cn np van ng yn do vy gia trc v np

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

np van bng np ca hp lm kn thng qua hai bulon v ai c c nh v trn

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

khng ng u khi v tr iu tit nn thng thng khng s dng loi van ny

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Mt dng ca van khc l ca gm c hai cnh song song. Loi ca ny gm

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Vng lm kn c tc dng lm kn khng cho dng lu cht r r khi thc

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

s tip xc vi phn vt liu c tnh cht n hi do ta vn c c kn khi

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Phn iu chnh dng chy c cu to trn v c l cho vt cht i qua. Bi

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Cu to ca van gm c cc phn sau:

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

2-Theo kt cu thn van ta c:

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

4. Bnh xe iu khin tay

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Khi v tr ng th ca van v phn thn van phi to c kht cao.

Van nt cng c th c ch to c nhiu khe h. Chng c gi l van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Theo cu to van nt c chia ra cc loi sau:

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

- Lc qun tnh ca phn t lm kn-lc ny cng nh cng tt. i khi phi

Hnh 56: Van mt chiu nng-h xung (lift check valves)

Hnh 57: (swing check valves)

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

3. Van mt chiu c phn t lm kn lc quanh mt trc

Hnh 58: (tilting- disc check valves)

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Van an ton nn c ci t bt c ni no nhng p lc lm vic ti a cho

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Relief Van - Mt thit b p lc cu tr actuated bi p lc tnh ht gi c ni

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Hnh 66: Typical Reverse Acting Diapharagm Actuator.

Hnh 67a. Extension Bonnet

Hnh 67b. Bellows Seal Bonnet

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Bo dng, sa cha cc loi van

Nguyn l lm vic ca van: