East West University

Assignment 01
Statistics for Business and Economics (STA 217)
Summer 2011
Prepared For
Soaieb Abduallah
Graduate Teaching Assistant
Department Of Economics
Course Instructor
M. Mujibur Rahman
Adjunct Professor,Statistics
Department Of Economics
Prepared By
Ahsan habib
ID# 2009-1-13-011
Section: 6

Date of Submission: 19th july, 2011

Answer to the question number-1

Last 3 values of ID (011)11are added:
Year
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2010

Code(t)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
14

Net Sales($)(y)
50611
67311
80811
98111
124411
156711
201411
227311
256311
280911
384679

i)The Least square equation isY=27093x+5377

Interpretation of the equation:
The value of 27093 indicates that sales increased at a rate of
27093million dollar per year.
The value of 5377 indicates the point in which the least square
equation intercepts the Y-axis.
The estimated sales for 2010:
In 2010, t = 14. Substituting this value for t in the equation:
Estimated sales of 2010 is,
y=27093*14+ 5377
=384679
Thus based on past sales, the estimated sales for 2010 is
$384679 million.

ii)Plot Net Sales and Trend line

Answer to the question number-2

Last 3 values of ID (011) 11 are added:

Year
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

Imports of
carbon block
135
186
317
535
725
1063
1649
2474
3369
4192
5399
8038
10598
13548

Code(t)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

log(imports)
2.130333768
2.269512944
2.501059262
2.728353782
2.860338007
3.026533265
3.217220656
3.393399695
3.527501011
3.622421274
3.732313327
3.905148002
4.025223915
4.131875188

ii) The annual rate of increase:

Geometric Mean = b-1 here the value of b 0.154 after converting it as
antilog we get 1.339676687.
=1.339676687-1
=0.339676687
Sales increased by 33.96 percent annually.
iii) Imports for the year 2006:
The log of sales for the year 2006 is
Y = 2.057+ 0.154 (17) =4.675
The antilog of 4.675 is 34355.79479. So the projected import amount for
2006 is $ 4.675 million.

Answer to the question number-3

Last 3 values of ID (011)11are added:

Year
Quarter
1998 Winter
Spring

4
Production QMA
101

Specific
Seasonal

Centered

96
94.25

Summer

67

97.375

0.688061617

101

1.118811881

102.125

1.23378213

103.75

0.963855422

111

0.648648649

119.875

1.009384776

127.125

1.38446411

149

0.812080537

170.75

0.638360176

179.25

1.444909344

184.75

1.147496617

189.5

0.807387863

199

0.608040201

208.125

1.369369369

212.875

1.230769231

218.625

0.805031447

221.25

0.614689266

219.125

1.442099258

100.5
Fall

113
101.5

1999 Winter

126

Spring

100

102.75
104.75
Summer

72
117.25

Fall

121
122.5

2000 Winter

176

Spring

121

131.75
166.25
Summer

109

Fall

259

175.25
183.25
2001 Winter

212

Spring

153

186.25
192.75
Summer

121

Fall

285

205.25
211
2002 Winter

262

Spring

176

214.75
222.5
Summer

136

Fall

316

220
218.25

2003 Winter

252

219.125

1.150028523

219.25

0.770809578

221.5

0.645598194

227.875

1.360394953

232.5

1.187096774

238

0.823529412

244.375

0.626086957

245.25

1.402650357

245.875

1.19166243

249.875

0.744372186

253

0.664031621

257.25

1.403304179

264.25

1.139072848

272.875

0.776912506

220
Spring

169
218.5

Summer

143
224.5

Fall

310
231.25

2004 Winter

276
233.75

Spring

196
242.25

Summer

153
246.5

Fall

344
244

2005 Winter

293
247.75

Spring

186
252

Summer

168
254

Fall

361
260.5

2006 Winter

301
268

Spring

212
277.75

Summer

198

Fall

411

Table -2:
year
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
total
mean
Adjusted
seasonal index

winter

spring

1.233782
1.384464
1.147497
1.230769
1.150029
1.187097
1.191662
1.139073
9.664373
1.208047
1.21363
121.363

0.963855
0.812081
0.807388
0.805031
0.77081
0.823529
0.744372
0.776913
6.503979
0.812997
0.816755
81.67546

Summer
0.688062
0.648649
0.63836
0.60804
0.614689
0.645598
0.626087
0.664032

fall
1.118812
1.009385
1.444909
1.369369
1.442099
1.360395
1.40265
1.403304

5.133517
0.64169
0.644655
64.46551

10.55092
1.318866
1.324961
132.4961

The quarterly seasonal indexes are:

Winter-121.363; spring-81.67546 ; summer-64.46551; fall-132.4961
Interpretation:
For winter: The index for the winter quarter is 121.363indicates that production for the
winter quarter is 21.363 percent above the annual average production.

For spring: The index for the spring quarter is 81.675465indicates that production for
the spring quarter is 18.324s535 percent below the annual average production.

For summer: The index for the summer quarter is 64.46551indicates that production for
the summer quarter is 35.5345s percent below the annual average production.
For fall: The index for the fall quarter is 132.4961 indicates that production for the fall
quarter is 32.4961 percent above the annual average production.

ii)production

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

Quarter
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring
Summer
Fall
Winter
Spring

Seasonal
deseasonalize
Production
index
code(t) production
101
1.229416463
1
82.15279609
96
0.806365
2
119.0527863
67
0.620256596
3
108.0198106
113
1.343961557
4
84.07978592
126
1.229416463
5
102.4876466
100
0.806365
6
124.013319
72
0.620256596
7
116.0809905
121
1.343961557
8
90.03233714
176
1.229416463
9
143.1573476
121
0.806365
10
150.056116
109
0.620256596
11
175.7337217
259
1.343961557
12
192.7138456
212
1.229416463
13
172.4395324
153
0.806365
14
189.7403781
121
0.620256596
15
195.0805534
285
1.343961557
16
212.0596371
262
1.229416463
17
213.1092334
176
0.806365
18
218.2634415
136
0.620256596
19
219.2640931
316
1.343961557
20
235.125773
252
1.229416463
21
204.9752932
169
0.806365
22
209.5825092
143
0.620256596
23
230.5497449
310
1.343961557
24
230.6613596
276
1.229416463
25
224.4967497
196
0.806365
26
243.0661053
153
0.620256596
27
246.6721047
344
1.343961557
28
255.9597023
293
1.229416463
29
238.3244481
186
0.806365
30
230.6647734
168
0.620256596
31
270.8556444
361
1.343961557
32
268.6088736
301
1.229416463
33
244.8316002
212
0.806365
34
262.9082363

Summer
Fall

198
411

0.620256596
1.343961557

35
36

319.2227238
305.8123187

The trend equation is, y=92.92+5.632x

Based on the trend equation, well forecast the production for 2007 for the different
quarters.

quarter
winter
spring
summer
fall

t
37
38
39
40

Production
101
96
67
113
126
100
72
121
176

estimated
sales
303.154
308.836
314.518
320.2

deseasonalize production
82.15279609
119.0527863
108.0198106
84.07978592
102.4876466
124.013319
116.0809905
90.03233714
143.1573476

seasonal index
1.229416463
0.806365
0.620256596
1.343961557

quarterly forecasted
production
372.7025184
249.0345411
195.0818641
430.3364906

121
109
259
212
153
121
285
262
176
136
316
252
169
143
310
276
196
153
344
293
186
168
361
301
212
198
411

150.056116
175.7337217
192.7138456
172.4395324
189.7403781
195.0805534
212.0596371
213.1092334
218.2634415
219.2640931
235.125773
204.9752932
209.5825092
230.5497449
230.6613596
224.4967497
243.0661053
246.6721047
255.9597023
238.3244481
230.6647734
270.8556444
268.6088736
244.8316002
262.9082363
319.2227238
305.8123187

Answer to the question number 4

Randomly 50 samples were taken out of 105 data:
1. Descriptive Statistics
N

Minimum

Maximum

Mean

Std.
Deviation

Selling Price
in TK. 000
(Thousand)

50

1390.9

3450.3

2226.056

466.744

Valid N (list
wise)

50

s
Statistics
Class interval
N

Valid

50

Missing

Here,
Lowest Value = 1390.9 and
Highest Value = 3450.3
The recommend no. of classes is K, where 2k >n
Here, n= 5
Now, 26= 64 and 25 = 32
So, k = 6

Class Interval =

HighestVal ue LowestValu e
K

= (3450.3-1390.9)/6

= 343.28 343

Interpretation: Here, minimum selling price is Tk. 1390.9 and maximum selling price is
Tk. 3450.3.s
ii) Statistics:
Selling Price in TK. 000 (Thousand)
Statistics
Selling Price in TK. 000 (Thousand)
N

Valid

50

Missing

Mean

2226.056

Std. Error
of Mean

66.008

Median

2110.650

Mode

2090.3

Std.
Deviation

466.744

Variance

217849.7

Range

2059.4

Minimum

1390.9

Maximum

3450.3

sPercentil
e

1707.360

10

1710.140

25

1875.400

50

2110.650

75

2525.300

A Multiple modes exist. The smallest value is shown

So here
Mean= 2226.056
Median= 2110.650
Mode= 2090.3
Standard Deviation= 466.744
Variance= 217849.71
1st Quartile= 1875.400
2nd Quartile= 2110.650
3rd Quartile= 2525.300
9th Deciles= 1707.360
10th Percentile= 1710.140

Interpretation: From the table we find number of valid is 50 and there is no missing.
And also we found that:

The mean selling price of the homes is Tk. 2226.056

The median selling prices of the homes is Tk. 2110.650
The standard deviation from the mean is Tk. 466.744
The average variation of the selling prices is Tk. 217849.71
The mode of the selling price is 2090.3
The range or the difference between the maximum and minimum selling prices is
Tk. 2059.4
The quartiles 1st, 2nd and 3rd are 1875.400, 2110.650, 2525.300 and 9th deciles is
1707.360and 10th percentile is 1710.140 of the selling prices.

iii) Histogram for the class interval

30

20

10

Std. Dev = 1.18

Mean = 2.8
N = 50.00

0
1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

frequnecy

iv) Pie chart and a Bar diagram for the variable Township:

Banani
Gulshan

Dhanmondi
Uttara

DOHS

16

14

12

10

Count

4
Gulshan

Township

Uttara

DOHS

Dhanmondi

Banani

v) Box plot for the variable Distance:

Case Processing Summary

Cases
Valid

Distance

Missing

Total

Percent

Percent

Percent

50

100.0%

.0%

50

100.0%

Distance

10

20

Interpretation:
As the box plot is near the 1st Quartile, it is negatively skewed.

Statistics

30

Selling Price in TK. 000 (Thousand)

N

Valid

50

Missing

Skew ness

.693

Std. Error of
Skew ness

.337

Answer to the question number -5

The coefficient of skew ness is .693
The distribution is positively skewed.

i) Box plot::

Selling Price in TK.

1000

ii)There are no outliners.

2000

3000

4000