Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Energy Concervation Issues and Concern
Energy Concervation Issues and Concern
Why to Conserve?
We have limited fuels available on earth.
Our demand for energy is increasing dayby-day.
It is possible that someday, most of fuels
will be exhausted, and we will have to
switch over to alternate energy.
Increasing Consumption
Furthermore, our consumption is increasing
day-by-day.
This means fuels will last much earlier than
expected.
The only solution is ..
Energy Conservation
When you look around you at all the machines that are running, the lights, fans, cars, etc., you
simply cannot imagine life without all these.
But can you imagine the amount of energy that is being used to run all this?
Fortunately, people all over the world are becoming aware of the problem of consuming too
much energy and are making a conscious effort to conserve it and thereby put less pressure on
the earth.
By conserving energy we also lower the amount of pollutants we release into the air and thereby
help to keep the air clean.
INDUSTRIAL
TRANSPORT
AGRICULTURE
DOMESTIC
INDUSTRIAL
REMEDY
ENERGY AUDIT
TECHNOLOGY UPGRADATION
REGULAR MONITORING
TRANSPORT
REMEDY
ENERGY EFFICIENT VEHICLES
CAR POOL
AGRICULTURE
REMEDY
USE OF PROPER AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT
BUILDING
REMEDY
USE OF DAY LIGHTING
DOMESTIC
REMEDY
CONSERVATION TECHNIQUES FOR COOKING
LIGHTING
LIGHTING
= 480000 Wh=480 kwh=480 units
40
You can avoid an idle flame if you prepare and keep all materials required
for cooking within reach, before lighting the stove.
Experiments have revealed that keeping the flame of the larger burner
burning unnecessarily in a gas stove, results Even a few paise saved
everyday will amount to a sizeable saving by the end of a month.
Remember
Light your stove only after you have kept all the ingredients within your
reach and ready for cooking. Put off an idle flame at once.
Remember
Hide the flame with broad bottomed, vessel. Do
not use vessels which are narrow as they allow
the flame to creep up on the sides.
Remember
Always place a lid on an open cooking vessel or
pan
.
A cooking gas stove has a big burner and a small burner. The small
burner consumes 6% to 10% less gas than the big burner ! An
experiment on cooking 250 GMs Of potatoes revealed that the small
burner consumed 6.5% less gas but look 7 minutes more than the big
burner. Similarly in a kerosene stove, by cooking at lower flame you
will use less fuel. The small burner of the lower flame takes a little
more time to complete cooking, but saves fuel.
Remember
Use the small burner or lower flame more often, as the case may be
especially when you have time to spare
.
Remember
A bright, steady blue flame means efficient burning. If you see
an orange, yellow on non-uniform flame, clean the burner or
wick as the case may be.
The use of ISI marked kerosene wick stoves in place of nonISI marked stove saves upto 25% of kerosene and the use of
higher efficiency ISI marked LPG stove (the thermal
efficiency level of which is 68%+) saves upto 15% of gas
559
238
15.6
34.8
1950
1960
83.5
1970
130.5
1980
1990
2002
(MW)
110,000
66,000
28,000
1,700
4,600
1950
1960
13,000
1970
1980
1990
2003
3.5%
INDUSTRY
50.7%
TRANSPORT
23.2&
RESIDENTIAL
10.3%
OTHERS
12.3%
POTENTIAL (%)
ECONOMY AS WHOLE
UPTO 23
AGRICULTURE
UPTO 30
INDUSTRY
UPTO 25
TRANSPORT
UPTO 20
Lack of financing
Lack of effective coordination
ENERGY AUDIT
As per the Energy Conservation Act-2001,
Energy Audit is defined as
the verification, monitoring and analysis of use of
Time Frame
Expertise required
Saving Possible
Pricing Structure and Cost of Audit
Training Programme
Analysis of data
BOILERS
MONITORING SYSTEM
Study of present monitoring and
control systems with
recommendations for optimization
ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
Measurement of all major electrical parameters
viz. voltage, current, power factor, KW, frequency
etc. of important equipments (motors,
compressors, pumps, blowers, lighting etc.) with
significant energy consumption.
Loads susceptible to generation of harmonics to
be checked for present harmonics level.
System imbalance with respect to voltage and
current to be checked.
COMPRESSORS
Determination of compressor capacities & specific power
consumption. Leakage detection and quantification.
Study of layout, pipe sizing and pressure loss for main circuits.
REFRIGERATION CHILLERS
Establishing present efficiency levels and
Coefficient Of Performance.
Scope for variable speed drives for
compressors , pumps for optimization.
Possibilities of optimization of refrigeration &
A/C load.
COOLING TOWERS
Evaluation of cooling performance by
measurement of water flow, inlet/outlet
temperatures and ambient air DBT/WBT, air
flow, fan power etc.
WATER SYSTEM
Study present system with respect to flow,
requirement and losses.
LIGHTING
Management of light intensity and all major
electrical parameters viz. Voltage, amp. P.F.
KW etc.
Study of type of lamps used, type of chokes
used, day and night time lighting etc
D.G. SETS
Establish present performance levels.
Recommend measures for improved
performance.
METHODOLOGY
A visit for a typical energy audit takes about one
to two weeks (depending on the size of the plant
and the inclusions and exclusions which are plant
specific).
During the visit, all the data collection,
measurements (with instruments) performance
test of critical equipment & preliminary analysis
are completed.
At the end of the audit, preliminary observations
about the saving potential in various areas are
discussed & presented to the client.
INSTRUMENTS TO BE USED
The instruments, used for an energy audit, to collect the performance
data are :
Ultrasonic portable clamp on flow meter for liquid flow measurements
Temperature indicators. (surface temperature & bulk temperature indicator,
thermocouple type.)
Infrared temperature indicator.
Power analyzer (data logger)
Anemometer (vane type) to measure air and flue gas velocity
Relative humidity meter
Lux meter (for light intensity)
pH & conductivity meter
Tachometer for rpm measurements.
Ultrasonic trap leak detector & air leak detector