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Bismillah NM Fix2
Bismillah NM Fix2
Bismillah NM Fix2
H2SO4
Cp
c
26.004
7.03E-01
-1.39E-03 1.03E-06
H2O liquid
92.053
-4.00E-02
-2.11E-04 5.35E-07
H2O vapor
33.933
602.235
-8.42E-03
-3.64E-01
2.99E-05 -1.78E-08
7.58E-05 -4.44E-09
-8.121
3.87E-01
-3.16E-04
2.478
26.748
1.65E-01
-1.53E-02
-9.68E-05
3.84E-05
18.52
2.20E-02
-156800 T-2
2.03E-05
0.001492
-4.52E-02 T-2
-76200 T-2
0.01604
-4.23E+05 T-2
11.81
0.0075
-41900 T-2
137
63.5
66.2
217.6
75.878
29.526
6.42E-01
-8.90E-03
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
fe
CaSO4
FeSO4.7H2O
96
MgSO4.7H2O
89
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O
235
CaO
FeO
FeSO4
4.18E-02
12.62
Fe2O3
24.72
22
MgSO4
26.7
FeTiO3
103
TiO2
TiOSO4
Al2(SO4)3
Fe2(SO4)3
Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O
ethilen glicol
oksigen
-1.65E-03 1.69E-06
3.81E-05 -3.26E-08
delta Hf
satuan
sumber
delta Hf
delta Hf
kJ/kmol K
yaws
-735.13
-735130
kJ/kmol K
yaws
-241.8
-241800
kJ/kmol K
kJ/kmol K
yaws
yaws
-241.8
-6.02E+02
-241800
-601600
kJ/kmol K
yaws
-1675.7
-1675700
kJ/kmol K
kJ/kmol K
yaws
yaws
-910.7
0
-910700
0
kcal/kmol k
kcal/kmol k
kcal/kmol k
kcal/kmol k
-2120
KJ/mol K
kcal/kmol k
felder
Pery hal 2-163
-151.7
-64.62
kcal/kmol k
-221.3
kcal/kmol k
-198.5
kcal/kmol k
-108
kJ/kg C
-295.51
kcal/kmol k
-225
kJ/kg C
kcal/kmol k
kcal/kmol k
felder
Pery hal 2-163
Pery hal 2-163
-214.1
-820.99
-338.73
-236.2
elta Hf
satuan
delta Hf
satuan
kj/kmol
-735130 kj/kmol
kj/kmol
-241800 kj/kmol
kj/kmol
kj/kmol
-241800 kj/kmol
-601600 kj/kmol
kj/kmol
-1675700 kj/kmol
kj/kmol
kcal/mol
-910700 kj/kmol
0 kj/kmol
-1417.246 kj/kmol
0 kj/kmol
0 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
-8870.08 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
kcal/mol
-634.7128 kj/kmol
-270.3701 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
-925919.2 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
-830.524 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
-451.872 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
-1236.414 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
-941.4 kj/kmol
kcal/mol
kcal/mol
kcal/mol
-895794.4 kj/kmol
-3435022 kj/kmol
-988260.8 kj/kmol
aliran masuk
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
aliran 1
Komponen
H2SO4
H2O
25
30
25
30
H2O
aliran keluar
Tref
Tmasuk
aliran 3
Komponen
298.15
303.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
445.364195045 1075.5111958489 478994.1780011
aliran masuk
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
aliran 21
Komponen
H2SO4
298.15
303.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
701.6578669117 152.5023600072 107004.4806217
445.364195045
34.6233309425 15419.99191497
187.1256909497 122424.4725366
aliran masuk
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
aliran 2
Komponen
H2O
pengenceran
25
95
298.15
368.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
10124.959686339 145.8725199591 1476953.383931
6572.7968997301 1053.8023970131 6926429.128016
1199.6749169722 8403382.511946
25
30
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
298.15
303.15
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
H2SO4
701.6578669117 298.3748799664 209357.0818172
H2O
445.364195045 2163.9369238044 963740.0261983
total
2462.3118037708 1173097.108015
panas pencampuran
Komponen
massa (Kg)
% massa
H2SO4
29264.3098522201
0.429
H2O
38950.8646284794
0.571
total
68215.1744806995
massa asam =
29264.3098522201 Kg
massa asam =
64516.0975002044 lb
berdasarkan fig.7-2 (integral heat of mixing T=30) halaman (310 dibuku/ 316 di laptop)
H (KJ) =
990 Btu/lb
diasumsi 50%(karena di grafik min.5
H (KJ) =
63870936.5252024 btu
H (KJ) =
67387670.29028 KJ
Q pendingin=
Q masuk- Q keluar
Q pendingin=
75219374.3447486 KJ
kebutuhan pendingin =
58067.567280355 kmol
1045216.2110464 kg
Kebutuhan air pendingin
Kondisi air masuk :
Komponen
ethilen glikol
T in
T out
=
=
Cp dT (KJ/kmol)
1295.377
komponen
aliran 1
aliran 2
aliran 3
aliran 21
panas pelarutan
Q pendingin
total
H masuk
H keluar
122424.472536642
478994.178001102
1173097.1080155
8403382.51194637
67387670.29028
75219374.344749
76392471.4527641 76392471.452764
-10
-2
5
30
mixing tank
25
30
298.15
303.15
Entalpi Masuk
aliran 3
Komponen
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H2SO4
701.6578669117 298.3748799664
H2O
445.364195045 2163.936923804
total
2462.311803771
aliran 4
Komponen
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
total
aliran keluar
Tref
Tmasuk
aliran 5
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
H2O
total
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
60.6263496073 51.1833403365
47.7058672596 40.4308612185
2497.0896069311
0.8340228433
398.0332169016
2.4122506852
217.0210030151
0.38493362
0.2396634746
1.4370855146
49.7134676789 31.6287124416
128.3112066597
25
30
298.15
303.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
701.6578669117 298.3748799664
60.6263496073 51.1833403365
47.7058672596 40.4308612185
2497.0896069311
0.8340228433
398.0332169016
2.4122506852
217.0210030151
0.38493362
0.2396634746
1.4370855146
49.7134676789 31.6287124416
445.364195045 2163.936923804
2590.62301043
263.15
271.15
H masuk
H keluar
1173097.10801549
9730.8901288159
1182827.998144
1182827.99814431 1182827.998144
30
5
H (KJ)
209357.08182
963740.0262
1173097.108
H (KJ)
3103.0590853
1928.7892985
2082.6297739
960.1559002
83.538680302
0.3444169077
1572.3729737
9730.8901288
H (KJ)
209357.08182
3103.0590853
1928.7892985
2082.6297739
960.1559002
83.538680302
0.3444169077
1572.3729737
963740.0262
1182827.9981
aliran masuk
Tref
25
Tmasuk
30
Entalpi Masuk
aliran5
Komponen Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
H2SO4
701.6578669117
TiO2
60.6263496073
FeO
47.7058672596
MgO
2497.0896069311
Al2O3
398.0332169016
SiO2
217.0210030151
CaO
0.2396634746
Fe2O3
49.7134676789
H2O
445.364195045
total
aliran keluar
Tref
T keluar
25
106
Entalpi keluar
aliran 6
Komponen Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
H2SO4
11767.450124327
TiO2
4737.6140706433
FeO
834.6993547074
MgO
39479.421828656
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
H2O
total
7002.7060862243
3829.5994641096
3.9450398075
1172.9567869684
7690.6423312243
H in + Q pemanas = H out
Q pemanas =
=
Kebutuhan air pemanas
Kondisi air masuk :
Hv (180)
Hl (90)
Hsteam
=
=
=
massa steam =
=
106
6
HEATER
106
6
3
180
298.15
303.15
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
298.375 209357.081817224
51.183
3103.059085314
40.431
1928.7892984806
0.834
2082.6297739169
2.412
960.1559002039
0.385
83.5386803021
1.437
0.3444169077
31.629
1572.3729736908
2,163.937 963740.026198266
2,590.623 1182827.99814431
298.15
379.15
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
298.375 3511111.51835611
51.183 242486.913360894
40.431 33747.6137693101
0.834 32926.7396448913
2.412
16892.282554759
0.385
1474.1415847892
1.437
5.6693595618
31.629 37099.1129214527
2,163.937 16642064.9083094
2,590.623 20517808.8998612
aliran masuk
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
aliran 6
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
H2O
total
nergi total
H masuk
H keluar
1182827.99814431
20517808.8998612
19,334,980.902
20517808.8998612 20517808.8998612
Hout - Hin
19,334,980.902
T in
T out
=
=
180 C =
120 C =
2776.3 kj/kg
632.1 kj/kg
2144.2 kj/kg
Q pemanas/H steam
9017.3402209294 kg/jam
(smith )
453.15
393.15
reaktor1
25
106
106
7
298.15
379.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol) n (kmol)
H (KJ)
11767.45012433
298.375 3511111.518
4737.614070643
51.183 242486.9134
834.6993547074
40.431 33747.61377
39479.42182866
0.834 32926.73964
7002.706086224
2.412 16892.28255
3829.59946411
0.385 1474.141585
3.9450398075
1.437 5.669359562
1172.956786968
31.629 37099.11292
7690.642331224
2,163.937 16642064.91
2,590.623 20517808.9
aliran keluar
Tref
25
298.15
T keluar
106
379.15
aliran 7
Entalpi keluar
Komponen
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
H2SO4
11767.4501243269 130.208018397 1532216.36227
TiO2
4737.6140706433 13.3588518278 63289.0843872
FeO
834.6993547074 4.0430861218 3374.76137693
MgO
39479.4218286556 0.0834022843 3292.67396449
Al2O3
7002.7060862243 0.2412250685 1689.22825548
SiO2
3829.5994641096
0.38493362 1474.14158479
CaO
1172.9567869684 0.1437085515 168.563920779
Fe2O3
2442.307626 3.1628712442 7724.70455967
TiOSO4
11097 37.8244885087 419738.348981
FeSO4
7455.888 36.3877750966 271303.17569
Fe2(SO4)3
22435.4448 28.4658411974 638643.808871
MgSO4
9048.7368
0.750620559 6792.16787469
CaSO4
8327.9099303622 1.2933769631 10771.1268549
Al2(SO4)3
21520.404 2.1710256167 46721.3483653
H2O
7690.6423312243 2332.10378537 17935376.0926
total
2590.62301043 20942575.5896
Entalpi Pembentukan
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
delta Hf
Hf (kj/kmol)
-735130
-941.4
-270.37008
-601600
-1675700
-634.7128
-830.524
-895794.4
-925919.2
n (Kmol)
Hf (Kj/jam)
37.8244885087
36.3877750966
0.750620559
2.1710256167
1.2933769631
28.4658411974
37.8244885087
36.3877750966
-35607.9734821
-9838.16566389
-451573.32827
-3637987.62587
-820.922913723
-23641.5642947
-33882964.989
-33692139.6072
reaksi
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
CaO
Fe2O3
R1 = reaksi 1
TiO2
Hf (kj/kmol)
H2SO4
-735130
-735130
-735130
-735130
-735130
-735130
n H2SO4
37.8244885087 -27805916.237
36.3877750966 -26749745.107
0.750620559 -551803.69151
6.51307685 -4787958.1848
1.2933769631 -950800.20691
85.3975235923 -62778281.518
+ H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
reaksi 2
FeO
+
H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
reaksi 3
MgO
+ H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
reaksi 4
CaO
+ H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
TiOSO4 +
Produk - Reaktan
= -43028926.31036
= -15187402.09948
FeSO4
Produk
= -42490703.62559
= -15731120.35316
+
-
MgSO4
Produk
= -181839.2355695
= 821537.7842077
+
-
CaSO4
Produk
= -314571.583426
= 637049.5463929
reaksi 5
Al2O3
+ 3H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
+
-
Al2(SO4)3
Produk
-12182107.05025
5819755.129941
reaksi 6
Fe2O3 +
3H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
total reaksi
total (Hr.nao.Xa) Kj/jam
Hf (Kj/jam)
H2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3
Produk
-188358486.1196
-98279447.51125
-121919627.5
121919627.5
komponen
aliran 6
aliran 7
(-Hr)nao.xao
Q pendingin
total
=
=
Q/ Cp dT
H masuk
T in
=
T out
=
Tref =
226.557110828 kj/kmol
3385.062502203 kj/kmol
3158.505391375 kj/kmol
175.365 kj/kg
692809.94 kg/jam
H keluar
20517808.9
20942575.58956
121919627.5
142437436.4
1.21E+08
1.42E+08
28
70
25
H2O
-27841524.211
H2O
Reaktan
-26759583.272
H2O
Reaktan
-1003377.0198
H2O
Reaktan
-951621.12982
3H2O
Reaktan
-18001862.18
3H2O
Reaktan
-90079038.608
n H2O
Hf (Kj/jam)
H2O
37.824488509 -9145961.3214
36.387775097 -8798564.0184
0.750620559 -181500.05116
6.51307685 -1574861.9823
1.2933769631 -312738.54968
85.397523592 -20649121.205
106
7
aliran masuk
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
C =
C =
C =
301.15
343.15
298.15
cooler
25
106
72
8
298.15
379.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol) n (kmol)
H (KJ)
11767.450124327 130.2080184 1532216.3623
4737.6140706433 13.358851828 63289.084387
834.6993547074 4.0430861218 3374.7613769
39479.421828656 0.0834022843 3292.6739645
7002.7060862243 0.2412250685 1689.2282555
3829.5994641096
0.38493362 1474.1415848
1172.9567869684 0.1437085515 168.56392078
2442.307626 3.1628712442 7724.7045597
11097 37.824488509 419738.34898
7455.888 36.387775097 271303.17569
22435.4448 28.465841197 638643.80887
9048.7368 0.750620559 6792.1678747
8327.9099303622 1.2933769631 10771.126855
21520.404 2.1710256167 46721.348365
7690.6423312243 2332.1037854 17935376.093
2590.6230104 20942575.59
lanjutan ne cooler
aliran keluar
Tref
T keluar
Entalpi keluar
25
298.15
72
345.15
lanjutan ne cooler
H in = H out + Q
Q pendingin
Q
=
=
Komponen
H2O
Hin - H out
10,968,898.850
T in
T out
=
=
28
50
Cp dT (KJ/kmol)
1656.463
Q masuk = Q keluar
Hin umpan +Q pendingin= Hout umpan
n Pendingin=
Ho-Hi/CpdT
n Pendingin =
6621.879849 kmol/jam
m pendingin =
119266.678 kg/jam
neraca energi total
H masuk
komponen
aliran 7
aliran 8
Q pendingin
total
H keluar
20942575.5895619
9973676.740028
10,968,898.850
20942575.5895619 20942575.58956
72
8
C =
C =
301.15 K
323.15 K
aliran masuk
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
ca Energi Reaktor 2
aliran keluar
Tref
T keluar
reaktor 2
25
72
72
9
298.15
345.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
6732.0348228163
130.208 876564.91406
2716.7332515013
13.359 36292.436963
470.081826619
4.043 1900.5813093
23158.9026239177
0.083 1931.5053814
3926.4162375323
0.241 947.15002594
2142.8053091488
0.385 824.83780456
2.272875621
0.144 0.3266316631
595.2338950556
3.163 1882.6481702
6439
37.824 243551.88151
4326.256
36.388 157422.83034
13018.0976
28.466 370571.09897
5250.5016
0.751 3941.1344458
4731.9283996051
1.293 6120.1671832
12487.148
2.171 27109.918187
4320.6945352062
2,332.104 10076308.081
2,590.623 11805369.512
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
SiO2
total
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
25
72
298.15
345.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
6732.0348228163
105.0282143706 707053.596520893
2716.7332515013
2.6615336975
7230.6770959889
6439
48.521806639 312431.912948748
4326.256
40.4308612185 174914.255931514
13018.0976
31.6287124416 411745.665527138
5250.5016
0.8340228433
4379.0382731188
4731.9283996051
1.4370855146
6800.1857591405
12487.148
2.4122506852
30122.131319212
4320.6945352062
2357.2835894002 10185102.3226528
2142.8053091488
0.385
824.8378045608
2590.6230104304 11840604.6238331
Entalpi Pembentukan
Hf (kj/kmol)
-735130
-941.4
-270.37008
-601600
-1675700
-634.7128
-830.524
-895794.4
-925919.2
-988260.8
-451.872
-1417.24632
-3435022.16
-241800
delta Hf
n (Kmol)
10.6973181303
4.0430861218
0.0834022843
0.2412250685
0.1437085515
3.1628712442
10.6973181303
4.0430861218
3.1628712442
0.0834022843
0.1437085515
0.2412250685
Hf (Kj/jam)
-10070.4552878982
-1093.1295182103
-50174.8142521903
-404220.847319208
-91.2136570804
-2626.8404771851
-9582597.67617332
-3743571.06747041
-3125741.66605097
-37.6871570242
-203.6704157075
-828613.455914219
reaksi
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
CaO
Fe2O3
Hf (kj/kmol)
H2SO4
-735130
-735130
-735130
-735130
-735130
-735130
R2 = reaksi 1
TiO2
+ H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
=
=
reaksi 2
FeO
+
H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
10.69731813
4.0430861218
0.0834022843
0.7236752056
0.1437085515
9.4886137325
Hf (Kj/jam) Hf (kj/kmol)
H2SO4
H2O
-7863919.5
-2972193.9
-61311.521
-531995.35
-105644.47
-6975364.6
TiOSO4 +
Produk
-12169209.2
-4295219.268
FeSO4
=
=
reaksi 3
MgO
+ H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
Produk
-4721189.292
-1747902.261
reaksi 4
CaO
+ H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
+
-
MgSO4
=
=
Produk
-20204.35951
91281.976023 Kj/Kg
=
=
Produk
-34952.39816
70783.282933 Kj/Kg
=
=
Al2(SO4)3
Produk
-1353567.45
646639.45888 Kj/Kg
3H2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
=
=
TOTAL reaksi
total (Hr.nao.Xa) Kj/jam
=
Entalpi generasi = (- Hr.nao.Xa)
Produk
-20928720.68
-14416251.38 Kj/Kg
-19650668.19
=19650668.189
-241800
-241800
-241800
-241800
-241800
-241800
H2O
Reaktan
-7873989.9324
H2O
Reaktan
-2973287.0303
+ H2O
Reaktan
-111486.33553
CaSO4
reaksi 5
Al2O3
+ 3H2SO4
Hr.nao.Xa (kJ/Jam) =
reaksi 6
Fe2O3 +
n H2SO4
H2O
Reaktan
-105735.68109
3H2O
Reaktan
-2000206.9089
3H2O
Reaktan
-6512469.3026
NE total R1
Rohi - Roho +Rogen= Roha
komponen
aliran 4
aliran 5
(-Hr)nao.xao
Q pendingin
total
=
=
T in
=
T out
=
Tref =
226.55711083 kj/kmol
1883.0200942 kj/kmol
Q/ Cp dT
1656.4629834 kj/kmol
91.970 kj/kg
213281.90 kg/jam
H masuk
H keluar
11805369.511978
11840604.624
19650668.1886575
1.96E+07
31456037.7006355
3.15E+07
28 C =
50 C =
25 C =
Hf (Kj/jam)
H2O
105
-2586611.5239
-977618.22426
-20166.672351
-174984.6647
-34748.727743
-2294346.8005 aliran masuk 9
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
10
72
9
25
72
evaporator
298.15
345.15
Komponen
H2SO4
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
6732.0348228163
6439
4326.256
13018.0976
5250.5016
12487.148
4320.6945352062
Komponen
H2O
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
2077.8428614223
aliran keluar 10
aliran keluar 11
Tref
T keluar
Entalpi Masuk
25
105
298.15
378.15
Komponen
H2SO4
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
11617.630683333
10960
7363.84
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
22158.464
8937.024
21254.72
7587.8281064652
301.15
323.15
298.15
aporator
aliran 9
aliran 10
aliran 11
Q pemanas
total
H in + Q pemanas = H out
Q pemanas=
=
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
105.02821437 707053.59652
48.521806639 312431.91295
40.430861218 174914.25593
31.628712442 411745.66553
0.8340228433 4379.0382731
2.4122506852 30122.131319
2357.2835894 10185102.323
2586.1394576 11825748.923
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
1060.182896 2202893.4623
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
105.02821437 1220179.0059
48.521806639 531799.00076
40.430861218 297726.39307
31.628712442
700843.686
0.8340228433 7453.682167
2.4122506852 51271.712884
1297.1006934 9842177.0982
1525.9565616 12651450.579
Hv (180)
Hl (90)
Hsteam
=
massa steam =
=
=
=
energi total
H masuk
11,825,749
2,202,893
12,651,451
3,028,595
14,854,344
105
11
14,854,344
aliran masuk
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
Hout - Hin
3,028,595.118
T in
T out
=
=
180 C =
120 C =
2776.3 kj/kg
632.1 kj/kg
2144.2 kj/kg
453.15 K
393.15 K
(smith )
Q pemanas/H steam
1412.4592473064 kg/jam
aliran keluar
Tref
T keluar
Entalpi Masuk
11
cristalizer
10 C
13
12
10 C
aliran masuk
25
105
Entalpi Masuk
Komponen
H2SO4
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
298.15
378.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
11617.6306833325 105.0282144 1220179.0059
10960 48.52180664 531799.00076
7363.84 40.43086122 297726.39307
22158.464 31.62871244
700843.686
8937.024 0.834022843 7453.682167
21254.72 2.412250685 51271.712884
7587.8281064652 1297.100693 9842177.0982
1525.956562 12651450.579
aliran keluar
25
10
298.15
283.15
Entalpi Masuk
Komponen
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
H2O
-1320.2914399027 129.7100693 -171255.0942
FeSO4.7H2O
-1440 40.43086122 -58220.44015
Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O
-3264 31.62871244 -103236.1174
MgSO4.7H2O
-1335 0.834022843 -1113.420496
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O
-3525 2.412250685 -8503.183665
H2O terkristalkan -1320.2914399027 3.963465642 -5232.929759
208.9793822 -347561.1857
aliran keluar
Tref
T keluar
Entalpi Masuk
25
10
Komponen
H2SO4
TiOSO4
H2O
total
298.15
283.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
-2081.5588491528 105.028214371 -218622.4090338
-2055 48.521806639 -99712.31264322
-1320.2914399027 1163.4271584 -1536062.918192
1316.97717941 -1854397.639869
T in
=
T out
=
Tref =
226.557110828 kj/kmol
3385.0625022025 kj/kmol
=
=
Q/ Cp dT
3158.5053913746 kj/kmol
175.3653540267 kj/kg
84699.794 kg/jam
28 C =
70 C =
25 C =
8. tangki hidrolisis
95 C
14
10 C
13
aliran masuk 13
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
25
10
Komponen
H2SO4
TiOSO4
H2O
total
aliran masuk 14
Tref
Tmasuk
301.15 Entalpi Masuk
343.15
298.15
Komponen
H2O
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
H2O
TiOSO4
total
15
298.15
283.15
298.15
368.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
5265.6367834415 48.521806639
25
95
Komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
H2O
total
95 C
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
-2081.5588491528 105.028214371
-2055 48.521806639
-1320.2914399027 1163.4271584
1316.97717941
25
95
aliran keluar 15
Tref
Tkeluar
Entalpi keluar
tangki
hidrolisis
298.15
368.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
10124.959686339 153.55002101
799.979016154 48.521806639
5265.6367834415 1163.4271584
16190.5754859345 1365.49898605
Hf (kj/kmol)
n (Kmol)
Hf (Kj/jam)
-735130
48.521806639 -35669835.715
-941.4
48.521806639 -45678.42877
-241800
48.521806639 -11732572.845
-895794.4
48.521806639 -43465562.665
194.0872265561 -90913649.654
TiOSO4
HR x
H2O
=
=
TiO2
-
Produk
(Hr.nao.Xa) Kj/jam
=
Entalpi generasi = (- Hr.nao.Xa)
-5.52E+07
-1.95E+07 Kj/jam
-1.95E+07
1.95E+07
NE total R1
Rohi - Roho +Rogen= Roha
Hin- Hout+(-Hr)(-ra)v-Q = 0 (Steady State)
Hin- Hout+(-Hr). nao.Xa-Q = 0
Q pendingin = Hin- Hout+(-Hr). nao.Xa
Q pendingin =
1.02E+07 kj/jam
Kebutuhan air pendingin
Kondisi air masuk :
T in
T out
Tref =
=
=
226.557110828 kj/kmol
1883.0200941944 kj/kmol
Cp dT
Cp dT
m=
=
Q/ Cp dT
komponen
H masuk
aliran 12
aliran 13
aliran 14
(-Hr)nao.xao
Q pendingin
total
-1854397.639869
255498.2098375
1656.4629833665 kj/kmol
91.969517704 kj/kg
6.14E+03 Kmol/jam
1.10E+05
H keluar
7719689.0398463
1.95E+07
17883721.93709
1.02E+07
17883721.937094
28
50
25
10 C
12
H (KJ)
-218622.40903
-99712.312643
-1536062.9182
-1854397.6399
H (KJ)
255498.209838
H (KJ)
1554687.77256
38816.4271371
6126184.84015
7719689.03985
rotary
dryer
85 C
12 b
aliran masuk
Tref
25
298.15
Tmasuk
10
283.15
Entalpi Masuk 12
Komponen
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
FeSO4.7H2O
-1440
Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O
-3264
MgSO4.7H2O
-1335
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O
-3525
air terkristalkan -2081.5588491528
H2O
-1320.2914399027
total
aliran keluar
Tref
25
298.15
Tkeluar
85
358
Entalpi keluar
Komponen
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
FeSO4.7H2O
5745.6
Fe2(SO4)3.7H2O
13023.36
MgSO4.7H2O
5326.65
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O
14064.75
H2O
5565.5627181826
total
+
H2SO4
Reaktan
-3.57E+07
C =
C =
C =
1656.46298337
301.15
323.15
298.15
rotary
a. Enthalpi udara masuk
T
Hgi (Kj/Kg) =
150
Cs (T) + Yi o
Cs = panas humidity
Cs= 1,005 + 1,884 Yi
Y = humuduty udara masuk
o = panas laten air
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
40.4308612185 -58220.44015458
31.6287124416 -103236.1174094
0.8340228433 -1113.420495789
2.4122506852 -8503.183665335
3.9634656415 -8250.186979383
6.4855034669 -8562.754710838
85.754816297 -187886.1034153
T in =
T ref =
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
40.4308612185 232299.5562168
31.6287124416 411912.1084635
0.8340228433 4442.547778199
2.4122506852 33927.70282469
0.3242751733 1804.773815208
75.6301223619 684386.6890983
150
25
1.005
125.625
-872272.792513665
/
73665923.3052
73679007.3971
Y2
HG2 =
HG2 =
125.625
41.1255945852
G
G
872272.792514
18736226.3981
=
=
masuk Kj
H bahan masuk
H udara masuk
total
-187886.103415
771410723.696
771222837.592
oC
oC
gan suhu rata2 kota malang 22,7 - 25,1 oC (BAPEDA KOTA MALANG & RCCF) dan rata2 kelembaban ko malang (7
oC
0.8
dara dari tabel psychometri adalah =(y) 0,016
Kj/Kg
(Geankopis hal.872)
+
KJ/Kg udara kering
+
+
1.884 Y1
1.884 Y2
2677.81 Y2
(T-To)
(T-To)
+
KJ/Kg udara kering
=
G.Hg2
+
684386.7
=
G( 121,605 + 2670,274 Y2)
872272.792513665
=
125.625 G
872272.792513665
=
2677.81 G.y2
-84.45285
2677.81 Y2
y2
=
=
+
KJ/Kg udara kering
/
-2335780806.52102 Y2
-2334908533.7285 Y2
-0.0315554148
2677.81 y2
-84.45285
771410723.695688
770538450.903175
19017269.7940507
18144997.001537
keluar KJ
H bahan keluar
H udara keluar
0.015
684386.689098347
770538450.903175
771222837.592273
Kg udara kering
=
=
872272.8
872272.8
2677.81 Y2
95
12
aliran masuk 12
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
aliran masuk 13
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
y1.o
y2.o
684386.7
..(1)
+
+
684386.7
2677.81 G.y2
.(2)
aliran keluar 14
Tref
Tkeluar
Entalpi Masuk
/
Y2
-84.45285
13084.09
2677.81 Y2
neraca massa total
komponen
aliran 12
aliran 13
aliran 14
total
.(2)
30.005715373
14
liran masuk 12
25
95
ntalpi Masuk
Komponen
H2SO4
H2O
total
298.15
368.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol) n (kmol)
H (KJ)
10124.959686339 145.87251996 1476953
6572.7968997301 1105.2558005 7264622
1251.1283204 8741575
liran masuk 13
ntalpi Masuk
Komponen
H2O
25
30
298.15
303.15
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol) n (kmol)
H (KJ)
445.364195045 4.1249061954 1837.086
T out
liran keluar 14
30.005715373
25
298.15
30.0057153728 303.1557153728
ntalpi Masuk
Komponen
Cp dT (Kj/Kmol) n (kmol)
0
H2SO4
702.4620585115 145.87251996 102469.9
H2O
445.8749218866 1109.3807067
494645
total
1255.2532266 597114.9
597,114.947
597,114.947
18
15
95 C
aliran masuk 15
Tref
Tmasuk
Entalpi Masuk
16
400
25
95
298.15
368.15
komponen Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
H2O
6572.7968997301 58.1713579202 382348.520991199
TiO2
974.882766154 48.521806639 47303.0730750506
H2SO4
10124.959686339 7.6775010505 77734.3886279381
Total
114.37066561 507385.982694188
aliran masuk 16
Tref
25
298.15
Tmasuk
400
673.15
Entalpi Masuk
komponen Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
O2
2070.8474671475 114.37066561 236844.203193921
T out
aliran keluar 17
Tref
25
298.15
Tmasuk
400
673.15
komponen Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
H2O
58695.9403098008 55.998162976 3286864.8314951
H2SO4
91515.4355535915 7.6775010505 702609.852597858
O2
2070.8474671475 114.37066561 236844.203193921
total
178.046329636 4226318.88728688
aliran keluar 18
Tref
Tmasuk
25
400
298.15
673.15
komponen Cp dT (Kj/Kmol)
n (kmol)
H (KJ)
H2O
58695.9403098008 2.1731949443 127557.720730978
TiO2
5716.3520069655 48.521806639 277367.726762642
Total
50.6950015833 404925.44749362
=
=
masuk
keluar
507385.982694188
236844.203193921
4226318.88728688
404925.44749362
-3887014.14889239
744230.185888109 744230.185888109
Hin - H out
-3887014.14889239
komponen
H2SO4
H2O
total (kmol)
total (kg)
pengenceran
masuk (F1)
masuk (F2)
keluar (F3)
kmol
Kg
kmol
Kg
kmol
Kg
298.37487997 29264.309852
298.3749 29264.30985
67.741457991 1219.3462438 2096.195 37731.52 2163.937 38950.86463
2462.3118037708
2462.3118037708
68215.1744806995
68215.1744806995
[H2SO4] =
air =
42.90% 29264.309852
57.100% 38950.864628
keseluruhan
68215.174481
cairan
=
padatan =
rasio
=
68215.174481
12426.17767
5.4896345675
recycle
H2SO4
H2O
total
14957.278967
623.21995696
15580.498924
komponen
H2SO4
H2O
total (kmol)
total (kg)
H2SO4
96% =
4 % air =
tota =
29264.30985
1219.346244
30483.6561
H2O =
37731.51838
96%
4%
masuk (F1)
masuk (F2)
masuk (F21)
kmol
Kg
kmol
Kg
kmol
Kg
152.50236001 14957.278967
145.8725 14307.03089
34.623330942 623.21995696 1075.511 19359.2 1053.802 18968.44315
2462.3118037708
68215.1744806995
3
4
komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
H2O
total
total (kmol)
total (kg)
keluar (3)
kmol
Kg
298.375 29264.31
2163.94 38950.865
2462.3118037708
68215.1744806995
mixing tang
masuk (F3)
kmol
Kg
298.37487997 29264.30985
masuk (F4)
kmol
51.1833403365
40.4308612185
0.8340228433
2.4122506852
0.38493362
1.4370855146
31.6287124416
2163.9369238 38950.86463
2462.3118038 68215.17448 128.3112066597
2590.6230104304
80641.3521510433
tang
masuk (F4)
304
0433
Kg
4087.552742616
2904.553069934
33.6111205845
245.9530798631
23.1268118883
80.5917556581
5050.7890898
12426.17767034
keluar (F5)
komponen
kmol
Kg
298.3749 29264.31 H2SO4
51.18334 4087.553 TiO2
40.43086 2904.553 FeO
0.834023 33.61112 MgO
2.412251 245.9531 Al2O3
0.384934 23.12681 SiO2
1.437086 80.59176 CaO
31.62871 5050.789 Fe2O3
2163.937 38950.86 TiOSO4
2590.623 80641.35 FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
2590.6230104304 MgSO4
80641.3521510433 CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
Reaktor 1
masuk (F5)
Kmol
298.3748799664
51.1833403365
40.4308612185
0.8340228433
2.4122506852
0.38493362
1.4370855146
31.6287124416
2163.936923804
2590.62301043
assa reaktor 1
Reaktor 1
masuk (F5)
keluar (F6)
Kg
Kmol
Kg
29264.30985222 130.2080184 12770.672236
4087.552742616 13.35885183 1066.8512658
2904.5530699339 4.043086122 290.45530699
33.6111205845 0.083402284 3.3611120584
245.9530798631 0.241225069 24.595307986
23.1268118883 0.38493362 23.126811888
80.5917556581 0.143708551 8.0591755658
5050.7890897998 3.162871244 505.07890898
37.82448851 6049.2326227
36.3877751 5527.5941394
28.4658412
11383.3191
0.750620559 90.350695441
1.293376963 176.09068678
2.171025617 742.84680911
38950.86462848 2332.103785 41979.717972
80641.352151043 2590.62301 80641.352151
komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
Reaktor 2
masuk (F6)
keluar (F7)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
130.208018397 12770.67223632 105.028214371 10301.06224
13.3588518278 1066.851265823 2.6615336975 212.5527426
4.0430861218 290.4553069934
0
0
0.0834022843
3.3611120584
0
0
0.2412250685 24.5953079863
0
0
0.38493362 23.1268118883
0.38493362 23.12681189
0.1437085515
8.0591755658
0
0
3.1628712442
505.07890898
0
0
37.8244885087 6049.232622708 48.521806639 7760.044014
36.3877750966 5527.594139376 40.4308612185 6141.771266
28.4658411974 11383.31909981 31.6287124416 12648.13233
0.750620559 90.3506954408 0.8340228433 100.3896616
1.2933769631 176.0906867761 1.4370855146 195.6563186
2.1710256167 742.8468091061 2.4122506852 825.3853435
2332.10378537 41979.71797221 2357.2835894 42433.23142
2590.62301043 80641.35215104 2590.62301043 80641.35215
Centrifuge
8
komponen
Kmol
H2SO4
TiO2
SiO2
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total (kmol)
total Kg
masuk (F7)
keluar (F8)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
105.028214371 10301.0622373
2.6615336975 212.552742616 2.6615337 212.5527
0.38493362 23.1268118883 0.3849336 23.12681
48.521806639 7760.04401397
40.4308612185 6141.77126597
31.6287124416 12648.1323331
0.8340228433 100.389661601
1.4370855146 195.65631864 1.4370855 195.6563
2.4122506852 825.385343451
2357.2835894 42433.2314225
4.4835528 431.336
2590.6230104304
2590.6230104304
80641.3521510433
80641.3521510433
massa yang keluar dari separator adalah
komponen
kmol
Kg
TiO2
=
2.6615337 212.5527
SiO2
=
0.3849336 23.12681
CaSO4
=
1.4370855 195.6563
total Kg
keluar (F9)
Kmol
Kg
105.0282 10301.06
48.52181
40.43086
31.62871
0.834023
7760.044
6141.771
12648.13
100.3897
2.412251 825.3853
2357.284 42433.23
2586.14
80210
2590.6230104304
0641.3521510433
komponen
Kmol
H2SO4
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
masuk (F9)
Kmol
Kg
105.0282144 10301.062237
48.52180664 7760.044014
40.43086122 6141.771266
31.62871244 12648.132333
0.834022843 100.3896616
2.412250685 825.38534345
2357.283589 42433.231423
total (kmol)
total Kg
2586.1394575984
80210.0162778988
Evaporator
Evaporator
Cristalizer
11
komponen
keluar (F10)
Kg
keluar (F11)
H2SO4
Kmol
Kmol
Kg
TiOSO4
105.0282144 10301.0622 FeSO4
48.52180664 7760.04401 Fe2(SO4)3
40.43086122 6141.77127 MgSO4
31.62871244 12648.1323 Al2(SO4)3
0.834022843 100.389662 H2O
2.412250685 825.385343 FeSO4.7H2O
1060.18289602 19094.9541 1297.100693 23338.2773 Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O
1060.182896 19094.954 1525.95656 61115.062 MgSO4.7H2O
2586.1394575984
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O
80210.0162778988
H2O terkristalkan
total (kmol)
total Kg
masuk (F11)
Kmol
105.028214
48.5218066
40.4308612
31.6287124
0.83402284
2.41225069
1297.10069
1525.9565615828
61115.0621377625
10
Seaparator
masuk (F10)
Kmol
FeSO4.7H2O
40.4308612
Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O 31.6287124
MgSO4.7H2O
0.83402284
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O 2.41225069
air terkristalkan
3.96346564
H2O
129.710069
total (kmol)
208.9793821685
total Kg
23087.1736
komponen
efeciency alat
0.95
air yang keluar dari separator =
massa cristalizer
Cristalizer
13
12
masuk (F11)
keluar (F12)
keluar (F13)
Kg
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
10301.06
105.0282 10301.06
7760.044
48.52181 7760.044
6141.771
12648.13
100.3897
825.3853
23338.28 129.7101 2333.828 1163.427 19966.78
40.43086 6141.771
31.62871 12648.13
0.834023 100.3897
2.412251 825.3853
3.963466 1037.667
208.9794 23087.17 1316.98 38027.9
1525.9565615828
1525.9565615828
1115.0621377625
61115.0621377625
Seaparator
23
22
masuk (F10)
keluar (F22)
kelluar
Kg
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
6141.771
40.43086
12648.13
31.62871
100.3897
0.834023
825.3853
2.412251
1037.667
3.963466
2333.828 123.2246 2217.136 6.485503
208.9793821685
208.9793821685
23087.1736273423
123.2246 kmol
2217.136 Kg
(F23)
Kg
6141.771
12648.13
100.3897
825.3853
1037.667
116.6914
11
10
komponen
12
Reaktor 3
total (kmol)
total Kg
masuk (F10)
masuk (F11)
keluar (F12)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
105.028214371 10301.0622
153.55
48.521806639 7760.04401
1163.4271584 19966.7823 97.043613278 1747.852519 1163.427
48.52181
1316.977179 38027.889
1414.0207926924
1365.4989860533
39775.7410291715
39775.7410291715
m
b
s
TiOSO4
+
2H2O
48.521806639 1260.47077
48.521806639 97.0436133
0 1163.42716
H2SO4
TiOSO4
H2O
TiO2.H2O
komponen
TiOSO4
H2O
TiO2.H2O
H2SO4
total
H2O dari crz
H2SO4 crz
total
TiO2.H2O
+H2SO4
48.52180664 48.52181
48.52180664 48.52181
masuk
keluar
Kmol
kg
Kmol
kg
48.521806639 7760.04401
97.0436132781 1747.85252
48.521806639 4748.926259
48.521806639 4758.970273
145.5654199 9507.8965 97.04361328 9507.89653
1163.4271584 19966.7823 1163.4271584 19966.78226
105.028214371 10301.0622 105.02821437 10301.06224
1414.020793 39775.741 1365.498986 39775.741
komponen
dryer
25
masuk (F23)
keluar (F24)
keluar (F25)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
FeSO4.7H2O
40.4308612185 6141.77127
40.43086
Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O 31.6287124416 12648.1323
31.62871
MgSO4.7H2O
0.8340228433 100.389662
0.834023
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O
2.4122506852 825.385343
2.412251
air terkristalkan
3.9634656415 1037.66729
3.963466
H2O
6.4855034669 116.691386 6.1612282936 110.8568171 0.324275
total (kmol)
85.754816297
85.754816297
total Kg
20870.0372855154
20870.0372855154
14
13
keluar (F12)
Kg
15060.032511
19966.782259
4748.9262594
1365.4989860533
39775.7410291715
komponen
H2SO4
TiOSO4
H2O
TiO2
total (kmol)
total Kg
m
b
s
komponen
TiOSO4
H2O
TiO2
H2SO4
total
H2O dari crz
H2SO4 crz
total
15
Reaktor 3
masuk (F13)
masuk (F14)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
105.028214 10301.06
48.5218066 7760.044
1163.42716 19966.78 48.52181 873.9263
1316.9772 38027.9
1365.4989860533
38901.8147697958
TiOSO4
+H2O
48.5218066 1211.949
48.5218066 48.52181
0 1163.427
TiO2
48.52181
48.52181
masuk
keluar
Kmol
kg
Kmol
kg
48.5218066 7760.044
48.5218066 873.9263
48.52181
3875
48.52181 4758.97
97.043613 8633.97 97.0436 8633.97
1163.42716 19966.78 1163.427 19966.78
105.028214 10301.06 105.0282 10301.06
1365.499 38901.8
1365.5 38901.8
keluar (F25)
Kg
6141.771266
12648.132333
100.3896616
825.38534345
1037.667295
5.8345693206
297
55154
15
Centrifuge
komponen
keluar (F15)
Kmol
Kg
153.55 15060.03
1163.427 19966.78
48.52181
3875
1365.4989860533
38901.8147697958
H2SO4
48.52181
48.52181
masuk (F15)
Kmol
Kg
H2SO4
153.550021 15060.0325106
H2O
1163.42716 19966.7822592
TiO2
48.5218066
3875
total
total (kmol)
1365.4989860533
total Kg
38901.8147697958
17
Centrifuge
17
16
keluar (F16)
keluar (F17)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
145.87252 14307.0309 7.677501 753.00162553
1105.2558 18968.4431 58.17136 998.33911296
48.52181
3875
1251.12832 33275.474 114.371 5626.340738
1365.4989860533
38901.8147697958
komponen
H2O
TiO2
H2SO4
total (kmol)
total Kg
18
Rotary Kiln
19
masuk (F17)
keluar (F18)
keluar (F19)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
58.1713579 998.3391 55.998162976 959.1976988 2.1731949443 39.14141
48.5218066
3875
48.521806639
3875
7.67750105 753.0016 7.6775010505 753.0016255
114.3706656097
114.3706656097
5626.3407384898
5626.3407384898
3914.141
produk 100 %=
g di uapkan =
959.1977 Kg
3914.141414 kg
16
Tangki
Pemekatan
21
komponen
masuk (F16)
masuk (F20)
keluar (F21)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
Kg
H2SO4
145.8725 14307.03
145.8725 14307.03
H2O
1105.256 18968.44
1109.381 19042.69
penambahan H2O
4.124906 74.24831
total (kmol
1255.253226639
1255.253226639
total Kg
33349.7223428229
33349.7223428229
konsentrasi H2SO4 masuk ke tangki pemekatan
konsentrasi yang diperlukan untuk menjadi feed
42.99572 %
42,9%
19042.69 Kg
74.24831 Kg
komposisi elminate
komponen % massa
TiO2
39.89%
FeO
31.51%
Fe2O3
24.65%
Al2O3
1.88%
MgO
0.65%
CaO
1.12%
SiO2
0.30%
total
1
komponen
TiO2
FeO
Fe2O3
Al2O3
MgO
CaO
SiO2
total
kandungan
TiO2 =
0.3989
impuritis =
0.6011
kapasita=
=
=
mol TiO2 =
mol impuritis =
total mol umpan =
51.18334
77.12787
128.3112
kebutuhan H2SO4 =
298.3749
kandungan impuritis
FeO
40.43086122
MgO
0.834022843
CaO
1.437085515
SiO2
0.38493362
Al2O3
2.412250685
Fe2O3
31.62871244
77.12786632
K mol
Kg
51.1833403365 4087.55274262
40.4308612185 2904.55306993
31.6287124416 5050.7890898
2.4122506852 245.953079863
0.8340228433 33.6111205845
1.4370855146 80.5917556581
0.38493362 23.1268118883
128.3112066597 12426.1776703
31000 ton/tahun
3914.1414141414 kg/jam
48.521806639 kmol produk
kmol
Kg
2.1731949443 39.1414141414
48.521806639
3875
H2O
TiO2
komponen
BM
Ilmenite
H2SO4
H2O
TiO2
TiOSO4
FeSO4
MgSO4
Al2(SO4)3
feTiO3
TIO2.H2O
FeO
MGO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
fe
CaSO4
Si(SO4)2
Fe2(SO4)3
Al2(SO4)3.18H2
mgso4.7h2o
Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O
157.7578
98.079
18.011
79.861
159.929
151.908
120.368
342.164
151.71
97.872
71.84
40.3
101.96
60.08
56.08
159.69
55.83
136.148
220.216
399.894
666.164
246.368
561.894
R1 = 73,9 %
m
b
s
komponen
TiO2
H2SO4
TiOSO4
H2O
total
reaksi impuritis
FeO
m
b
s
komponen
FeO
H2SO4
FeSO4
H2O
total
TiO2
51.183340337
37.824488509
13.358851828
masuk
mol
51.183340337
153.55002101
204.73336135
R1= 90 %
FeO
+
40.430861218
36.387775097
4.0430861218
masuk
mol
40.430861218
40.430861218
80.861722437
MgO R1 = 90%
m
b
s
komponen
MgO
H2SO4
MgSO4
H2O
total
MgO
+
0.8340228433
0.750620559
0.0834022843
masuk
mol
0.8340228433
0.8340228433
1.6680456866
CaO R1 = 90%
CaO
+
1.4370855146
1.2933769631
0.1437085515
m
b
s
komponen
masuk
mol
1.4370855146
1.4370855146
CaO
H2SO4
CaSO4
H2O
total
2.8741710292
Al2O3
R1= 90 %
Al2O3
+
2.4122506852
2.1710256167
0.2412250685
m
b
s
komponen
Al2O3
H2SO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
Fe2O3
m
b
s
komponen
Fe2O3 +
H2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3
H2O
masuk
+
mol
2.4122506852
7.2367520556
+
9.6490027408
R1= 90 %
Fe2O3 +
31.628712442
28.465841197
3.1628712442
masuk
mol
31.628712442
94.886137325
total
126.51484977
+ H2SO4
153.55002101
37.824488509
115.7255325
TiOSO4 +
H2O
37.824488509 37.82448851
37.824488509 37.82448851
keluar
kg
mol
kg
4087.5527426 13.35885183 1066.8512658
15060.032511 115.7255325 11350.244502
37.82448851 6049.2326227
37.82448851 681.25686253
19147.585253 204.7333613 19147.585253
H2SO4
40.430861218
36.387775097
4.0430861218
FeSO4
36.387775097
36.387775097
H2O
36.3877751
36.3877751
keluar
kg
mol
kg
2904.5530699 4.043086122 290.45530699
3965.4184374 4.043086122 396.54184374
36.3877751 5527.5941394
36.3877751 655.38021727
6869.9715074 80.86172244 6869.9715074
H2SO4
0.8340228433
0.750620559
0.0834022843
MgSO4
H2O
0.750620559 0.750620559
0.750620559 0.750620559
keluar
kg
mol
kg
33.611120584 0.083402284 3.3611120584
81.800126447 0.083402284 8.1800126447
0.750620559 90.350695441
0.750620559 13.519426887
115.41124703 1.668045687 115.41124703
H2SO4
1.4370855146
1.2933769631
0.1437085515
CaSO4
H2O
1.2933769631 1.293376963
1.2933769631 1.293376963
keluar
kg
mol
kg
80.591755658 0.143708551 8.0591755658
140.94791019 0.143708551 14.094791019
1.293376963 176.09068678
1.293376963 23.295012483
221.53966584 2.874171029 221.53966584
3H2SO4
7.2367520556
6.51307685
0.7236752056
Al2(SO4)3
+ 3H2O
2.1710256167
2.1710256167
6.51307685
6.51307685
keluar
kg
mol
kg
245.95307986 0.241225069 24.595307986
709.77340486 0.723675206 70.977340486
2.171025617 742.84680911
6.51307685 117.30702715
955.72648472 9.649002741 955.72648472
3H2SO4
94.886137325
85.397523592
9.4886137325
Fe2(SO4)3
3H2O
28.465841197 85.39752359
28.465841197 85.39752359
keluar
kg
mol
kg
5050.7890898 3.162871244 505.07890898
9306.3374627 9.488613732 930.63374627
28.4658412
11383.3191
85.39752359 1538.0947974
komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
masuk
keluar
mol
kg
mol
kg
298.374879966 29264.30985222 130.2080184 12770.672236318
51.1833403365 4087.552742616 13.358851828 1066.8512658228
40.4308612185 2904.5530699339 4.0430861218 290.4553069934
0.8340228433
33.6111205845 0.0834022843
3.3611120584
2.4122506852 245.9530798631 0.2412250685
24.5953079863
0.38493362
23.1268118883
0.38493362
23.1268118883
1.4370855146
80.5917556581 0.1437085515
8.0591755658
31.6287124416 5050.7890897998 3.1628712442
505.07890898
37.824488509 6049.2326227078
36.387775097 5527.5941393759
28.465841197 11383.319099811
0.750620559
90.3506954408
1.2933769631 176.0906867761
2.1710256167 742.8468091061
168.16686157 3028.8533437332
426.686086626 41690.487522564 426.68608663 41690.487522564
R2 = 20,9 %
m
b
s
komponen
TiO2
H2SO4
TiOSO4
H2O
total
reaksi impuritis
FeO
m
b
s
komponen
FeO
H2SO4
FeSO4
H2O
total
TiO2
+ H2SO4
13.3588518278 115.7255325
10.6973181303 10.69731813
2.6615336975 105.02821437
masuk
keluar
mol
kg
mol
13.3588518278 1066.8512658
2.6615336975
115.7255325009 11350.244502 105.0282143706
37.8244885087 6049.2326227
48.521806639
37.8244885087 681.25686253
48.521806639
204.7333613461 19147.585253 204.7333613461
R2= 10 %
FeO
+
H2SO4
4.0430861218 4.0430861218
4.0430861218 4.0430861218
0
0
masuk
keluar
mol
kg
mol
4.0430861218 290.45530699
0
4.0430861218 396.54184374
0
36.3877750966 5527.5941394 40.4308612185
36.3877750966 655.38021727 40.4308612185
80.8617224369 6869.9715074 80.8617224369
MgO R2 = 10%
m
b
s
komponen
MgO
H2SO4
MgSO4
H2O
MgO
+
H2SO4
0.0834022843 0.0834022843
0.0834022843 0.0834022843
0
0
masuk
keluar
mol
kg
mol
0.0834022843 3.3611120584
0
0.0834022843 8.1800126447
0
0.750620559 90.350695441
0.8340228433
0.750620559 13.519426887
0.8340228433
total
1.6680456866 115.41124703
1.6680456866
Al2O3
m
b
s
komponen
Al2O3
+
H2SO4
Al2(SO4)3 +
#REF!
total
Fe2O3
m
b
s
komponen
CaO
+
H2SO4
0.1437085515 0.1437085515
0.1437085515 0.1437085515
0
0
masuk
keluar
mol
kg
mol
0.1437085515 8.0591755658
0
0.1437085515 14.094791019
0
1.2933769631 176.09068678
1.4370855146
1.2933769631 23.295012483
1.4370855146
2.8741710292 221.53966584
2.8741710292
R2= `10 %
Al2O3
+
3H2SO4
0.2412250685 0.7236752056
0.2412250685 0.7236752056
0
0
masuk
keluar
mol
kg
mol
0.2412250685 24.595307986
0
0.7236752056 70.977340486
0
2.1710256167 742.84680911
2.4122506852
6.51307685 117.30702715
7.2367520556
9.6490027408 955.72648472
9.6490027408
R2= 10 %
Fe2O3 +
3H2SO4
3.1628712442 9.4886137325
3.1628712442 9.4886137325
0
0
masuk
keluar
mol
kg
mol
Fe2O3 +
3.1628712442 505.07890898
0
H2SO4
9.4886137325 930.63374627
0
Fe2(SO4)3
28.4658411974
11383.3191 31.6287124416
#REF! 85.3975235923 1538.0947974 94.8861373248
total
komponen
TiOSO4 +
H2O
37.824488509 37.82449
10.69731813 10.69732
48.521806639 48.52181
keluar
kg
212.55274262
10301.062237
7760.044014
873.92625938
19147.585253
FeSO4 +
H2O
36.387775097 36.38778
4.0430861218 4.043086
40.430861218 40.43086
keluar
kg
6141.771266
728.20024141
6869.9715074
MgSO4 +
H2O
0.750620559 0.750621
0.0834022843 0.083402
0.8340228433 0.834023
kg
100.3896616
15.02158543
BM
98.079 H2SO4
79.861 TiO2
71.84 FeO
40.3 MgO
101.96 Al2O3
60.08 SiO2
56.08 CaO
159.69 Fe2O3
159.929 TiOSO4
151.908 FeSO4
399.894 Fe2(SO4)3
120.368 MgSO4
136.148 CaSO4
220.216 Al2(SO4)3
342.164 H2O
18.011 total
masuk
mol
130.2080184
13.35885183
4.043086122
0.083402284
0.241225069
0.38493362
0.143708551
3.162871244
37.82448851
36.3877751
28.4658412
0.750620559
1.293376963
2.171025617
168.1668616
426.6860866
115.41124703
CaSO4 +
H2O
1.2933769631 1.293377
0.1437085515 0.143709
1.4370855146 1.437086
kg
195.65631864
25.883347203
221.53966584
Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
2.1710256167 6.513077
0.2412250685 0.723675
2.4122506852 7.236752
kg
825.38534345
130.34114127
955.72648472
Fe2(SO4)3
3H2O
28.465841197 85.39752
3.1628712442 9.488614
31.628712442 94.88614
kg
12648.132333
1708.9942194
14357.126552
keluar
kg
mol
kg
12770.6722363 105.02821 10301.0622
1066.85126582 2.6615337 212.552743
290.455306993
3.3611120584
24.5953079863
23.1268118883 0.3849336 23.1268119
8.0591755658
505.07890898
6049.23262271 48.521807 7760.04401
5527.59413938 40.430861 6141.77127
11383.3190998 31.628712 12648.1323
90.3506954408 0.8340228 100.389662
176.090686776 1.4370855 195.656319
742.846809106 2.4122507 825.385343
3028.85334373 193.34667 3482.36679
41690.4875226 426.68609 41690.4875
T=
P=
masuk (kg)
arus 3
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
H2O
total
total (Kg)
arus 4
29264.3098522201
4087.552742616
2904.5530699339
33.6111205845
245.9530798631
23.1268118883
80.5917556581
5050.7890897998
38950.8646284794
68215.1744806995 12426.177670344
80641.3521510433
900 sekon
15 menit
0.25 jam
wi
30 oC
A
0.3628945829
0.0506880482
0.0360181593
0.0004167976
0.0030499623
0.000286786
0.000999385
0.0626327431
0.4830135357
1
=
0.42169
0.19187
1.26357
0.3471
campuran =
Menghitung flow rate campuran keluar mixer, Fv=m/rho
2003.4517260491
Fv =
V mixer
V mixer
40.2512080039
=
=
Fv
40.2512080039 m3/jam
faktor keamanan =
20%
m3 =
5.2374667421 bbl
DIMENSI MIXER
Vol head
asumsi : H = D
mc cabe
Volume Mixer = volume Silinder + 2 Volume Head
Vol mixer =
. .D 2 .(D)
4
D^3
D
Ht
2.0,000049
426.5405298898 =
426.5405298898 =
=
=
=
=
=
spesifikasi :
Tensile strength
Allowable stresses (f)
corrosion allowance ( c )
alasan
ts
dengan
ts =
P =
ri
=
=
E
=
C
=
ts
=
P x ri
f x E - 0.6.P
tebal shell, in
internal pressure, psi
inside radius, in
allowwable stresses, psi
joint efficiency
corrosion allowance, in
0.0719287397
0.1969287397 in
=
dipakai tebal shell standar
=
=
0.1875
4.7625
ID
97.9186321647
98.2936321647
untuk
OD
OD standar
maka, icr
r
=
=
=
=
98.2936321647 in dan ts =
120 in
7 1/4 in
114 in
6% r =
untuk icr > 6% r, berlaku rumus :
t head
0.5294304555 in
t head perancangan =
3/16 in
ODh (in) =
=
=
=
=
1 3/4
IDh
2 th
97.9186321647
+
98.2936321647 in
2496.6582569828 mm
2.496658257 m
1.5
1 3/4
Hal 99
OD
icr
OA
B
sf
ID
a
PERANCANGAN MIXER
30 oC
1 atm
keluar(Kg)
arus 5
29264.3098522201
4087.552742616
2904.5530699339
33.6111205845
245.9530798631
23.1268118883
80.5917556581
5050.7890897998
38950.8646284794
80641.3521510433
80641.3521510433
(Yaws)
305.15 K
n
0.19356
0.2857
925
0.8919275736
0.0144
0.3
0.28571
0.28571
5950
5335
0.9850706207
0.9833128452
0.274
0.28571
647.13
0.8334143063
Tc
(1-T/Tc)^n
kg/m3
m3/jam
125.067217 lb/ft3
40251.208 L/jam
0.25 jam
10.062802001 m3
355.4504415748 ft3
2659.1247534214 galon
12.0753624 m3
426.5405299 ft3
2.305573094 bbl
12075.3624 L
=
=
=
2.097881582
545.7731495679 L
yang dipilih berbentuk silinder tegak dengan torispherical head & bottom , dengan pertimbangan :
nan operasi < 200 psi
struksi sederhana dan harga lebih ekonomis
an yang dicampur disimpan dalam kondisi cair
T
=
30 C
=
P operasi =
1 atm
P desain =
1.2 atm
=
0.000049 D^3
( Brownell eq 5.11, p.76)
olume Head
.D 2 .(D) 2.0,000049 . D 3
0.785 D^3
0.785098 D^3
543.2959068674
8.1597867895 ft
2.487133257 m
97.9186321647 in
0.000098 D^3
1 in
1m
2.487133257 m
=
=
303.15
17.64
=
=
55,000 psi
12,650 psi
0.125 in
=
=
=
=
=
0.125
in
mm
in
p. 88
+
+
17.64 psi
48.9593160823 in
12,650 psi
0.95 (single welded butt joint with backing strip tabel 13.2
0.125 in
0.1875 in
hal 88
2ts
=
0.375
2496.658257 mm
2.496658257
(Brownell, p. 138)
4 3/4 mm
0.0047625 m
3/ 8
s/d
in
3/16 in
2
OD
b
A
r
ID
t
a = OD /2
AB = (ID/2) - icr =
BC = r -icr =
AC = (BC^2 - AB^2)^0.5 =
b = r -AC =
Tinggi head (OA) =
t head + b + sf =
=
=
m
ft
48.9593160823
41 5/7
106 3/4
98.2644160006
15.7355839994
17 35/52
448.8963335842
0.4488963336
1.4727569999
(g/ml)
wi.i (g/ml)
1.82432463
0.6620375258
4.23
0.2144104438
7.874
0.2836069865
12.50691155
0.0052128505
4.128123609
0.0125906212
2.65
0.0007599829
3.34
0.0033379458
5.242
0.3283208392
1.021036666
0.4931745304
2.003451726
1 Liter =
1 gallon =
1 Liter =
1 in =
1 ft =
1 ft =
1m
0.2641720524 gallon
0.1336805556 ft3
0.0353146667 ft3
0.0254 m
12 inch
0.3048 m
39.3700787402 in
m3
86 F
psi
2.54 cm
3.2808 ft
hal 263
0.0254 m
hal 266
hal 100
Densitas campuran =
densitas air pada 30 C =
spesific grafity =
WELH = z x spesific gracity =
Jumlah turbin = WELH / D =
N=
=
600 (WELH/2*Di)^0.5/(3.14*Di)
173.4141099479
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
H2O
total
4087.552742616
2904.5530699339
33.6111205845
245.9530798631
23.1268118883
80.5917556581
5050.7890897998
38950.8646284794
80641.3521510433
visc camp =
Bilangan Reynold
Nre = densNDi^2/my
N
P 3,52.10- 3.N P.
.
62,4 60
PERANCANGAN PENGADUK
0.2
0.083333333
L=Panjang blade
W= tinggi blade
J= Tebal baffle
er dalam reaktor
tator dengan bagian bawah tangki
8.1597867895 ft
2.7199289298 ft
2.7199289298 ft
8.1597867895 ft
0.6799822325 ft
0.543985786 ft
0.6799822325 ft
2.487103013 m =
0.829034338 m =
0.829034338 m =
2.487103013 m =
0.207258584 m =
0.165806868 m
0.207258584 m
P)
(rase, eq. 8.8)
water equivalent liquid height, ft
diameter pengaduk, ft
kecepatan pengadukan, rpm
WELH =
Di =
N=
2003.4517260491 kg/m^3
493.174530368 kg/m^3
4.0620897191
33.1457860275 ft
4.0620897191
/2*Di)^0.5/(3.14*Di)
rpm
0.3628945829
2.8902351658 rps
Wi
B
-18.7045
125.067217
30.78888593
C
3.50E+03
3.31E-02
0.0506880482
0.0360181593
0.0004167976
0.0030499623
0.000286786
0.000999385
0.0626327431
0.4830135357
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-10.2158
7.85E+00 cP
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.79E+03
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1.77E-02
0.005274691 lb/fts =
8121385.98799207
(P)
N
.N P.
.
62,4 60
Di
.
12
daya, hp
densitas, lb/ft3
kecepatan putar, rpm
diameter pengaduk, ft
4 ( walas, hal 292 fig 10.6)
1624.7414926861 HP
1211.569522 kW
85%
HP
1912 HP
1912 Hp
ENGADUK
29.84523616 in
9.948412054 in
9.948412054 in
29.84523616 in
2.487103013 in
1.989682411 in
2.487103013 in
lb/ft^3
lb/ft^3
305.15 K
ui(cP)
wi.ui (cP)
-1.70E-05
1.83E+01
6.64E+00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
-1.26E-05
4.23
7.874
0
0
2.65
3.34
5.242
7.81E-01
18.98895044 lb/ftj
1425.778154 kW
0.214410444
0.283606987
0
0
0.000759983
0.003337946
0.328320839
3.77E-01
7.85E+00
masuk (F1)
kmol
H2SO4
H2O
total (kmol)
total (kg)
Kg
152.5023600072
34.6233309425
14957.2789671491
623.2199569645
2462.3118037708
68215.1744806995
900
15
0.25
30
wi
H2SO4
H2O
total
0.429
0.571
1
campuran =
Menghitung flow rate campuran keluar mixer, Fv=m/rho
Fv =
V mixer
V mixer
=
=
Fv
49.8738891129
faktor keamanan =
m3 =
5.2374667421
=
DIMENSI MIXER
1 Menghitung Dimensi Utama Mixer
Bentuk
:
Kondisi operasi :
Vol head
asumsi : H = D
Volume Mixer = volume Silinder + 2 Volume Head
Vol mixer =
528.5117179042
528.5117179042
D^3
D
Ht
alasan
ts
dengan
ts =
P =
ri
=
=
E
=
C
=
ts
=
tebal shell, in
internal pressure, psi
inside radius, in
allowwable stresses, psi
joint efficiency
corrosion allowance, in
0.0772562973
0.2022562973
=
dipakai tebal shell standar
=
=
3 Menghitung Dimensi Head
Menghitung Tebal Head
ODs (in)
=
=
=
untuk
OD
OD standar
maka, icr
r
=
=
=
=
105.546187351
108
6 1/2
102
6% r =
untuk icr > 6% r, berlaku rumus :
6.12
1 3/4
t head
1/4
t head perancangan =
3/16
ODh (in) =
=
=
=
=
IDh
+
105.171187351
105 53/97
2680.8731587146
2.6808731587
icr
OA
B
sf
r
ID
a
icr
OA
B
sf
r
ID
a
60 Cp
0.0403
outside
Nre = De. G/
De
=
=
=
=
D jaket
- D shell
1269.7292482116
2.8 in
0.2333333333 ft
Nre
G =
=
dengan Nre
Jh
=
K
=
C
=
ho
inside
Nre =
Jh
=
K
=
2.49E+05
1250 (kern fig 20.2 hal.718)
0.381 Btu/(Hr.ft^2F/ft) pada T =50( asumsi)
hi
=
hio =
35.9821428571 Btu/(Hr.ft^2F/ft)
35.8538642256 Btu/(Hr.ft^2F/ft)
Uc
=
Rd =
3.270040295
0.0453543093
-0.1409068079
6.0642879527
Ud
feed masuk =
feed keluar =
pendingin masuk =
pendingin keluar
60
30
-10
-2
delta T lmd =
87.3831796955
luas jaket =
1345.6446698325 ft^2
luas jaket = luas jaket pada shell + luas jaket pada tutup bawah
140
86
14
28.4
1345.6446698325
1345.6446698325
216.0953233267
H jaket
=
=
=
=
T=
P=
30 oC
1 atm
masuk (F2)
kmol
masuk (F21)
kmol
145.8725
1053.8024
Kg
1075.5111958489 19359.2015252799
2462.3118037708
68215.1744806995
Kg
14307.0309
18968.4431
sekon
menit
jam
(Yaws)
oC
A
303.15 K
n
B
0.42169
0.3471
0.19356
0.274
1367.7532611562 kg/m3
49.8738891129 m3/jam
m3/jam
Tc
0.2857
0.28571
925
647.13
85.383187273 lb/ft3
49873.8891128897 L/jam
0.25 jam
=
=
=
20%
bbl
14.9621667339 m3
12.4684722782
440.4264315868
3294.8301347009
=
=
=
528.5117179042 ft3
2.8567564188 bbl
14962.1667338669 L
=
545.7731495679
tangki yang dipilih berbentuk silinder tegak dengan torispherical head & bottom , dengan pertimbangan :
a. tekanan operasi < 200 psi
b. konstruksi sederhana dan harga lebih ekonomis
c. bahan yang dicampur disimpan dalam kondisi cair
T
=
P operasi =
P desain =
0.000049 D^3
30 C
=
1 atm
1.2 atm
=
( Brownell eq 5.11, p.76)
mc cabe
der + 2 Volume Head
. .D 2 .(D)
4
2.0,000049 . D
3
=
=
=
=
=
=
0.785 D^3
0.785098 D^3
673.1792946921
8.7641590391 ft
2.6713481587 m
105.171187351 in
2.6713481587 m
0.000098
55,000
12,650
0.125
P x ri
f x E - 0.6.P
=
=
=
=
=
+
0.125
17.64
52.5855936755
12,650
0.95
0.125
p. 88
in
0.1875 in
4.7625 mm
ID
105.171187351
105.546187351 in
+
+
0.1875 in
2ts
=
0.375
2680.8731587146 mm
in dan ts =
in
in
in
8.7955156126
hal 101
< icr
(Brownell, p. 138)
in
in
4 3/4 mm
0.0047625 m
2 th
+
in
mm
m
3/ 8
3/16 in
2
1.5 s/d
1 3/4 in
OD
A
r
D
t
A
r
D
t
a = OD /2
AB = (ID/2) - icr =
BC = r -icr =
AC = (BC^2 - AB^2)^0.5 =
b = r -AC =
Tinggi head (OA) =
t head + b + sf =
=
=
3.702242982 m
12.1463187752 ft
1266.9292482116
1045216.2110464 Kg/jam
2304283.6588729 lb/jam
F
F
F
F
T1
T2
t1
t2
126
57.6
. Odshell^2
H jaket
H jaket
1129.5493465057
RAN
catatan: yang di beri warna merah harus diperhatikan
keluar (3)
kmol
Kg
298.3748799664 29264.30985
2163.9369238044 38950.86463
2462.3118037708
68215.1744806995
(1-T/Tc)^n
(g/ml)
0.8927488387 1.826786675
0.834803973 1.022875267
m3
ft3
galon
wi.i (g/ml)
0.7836914836
0.5840617776
1.3677532612
1 Liter =
1 gallon =
1 Liter =
1 in =
1 ft =
1 ft =
1m
0.2641720524 gallon
0.1336805556 ft3
0.0353146667 ft3
0.0254 m
12 inch
0.3048 m
39.3700787402 in
2.097881582 m3
303.15 K
86 F
17.64 psi
D^3
1 in
1m
=
=
2.54 cm
3.2808 ft
hal 263
psi
psi
in
0.0254 m
hal 266
psi
in
psi
(single welded butt joint with backing strip tabel 13.2)
in
hal 88
2.6808731587 m
ft
52.5855936755 in
46 1/9 in
95 1/2 in
83.6442948179 in
18.3557051821 in
20 17/58 in
515.4474116262 mm
0.5154474116 m
1.6911004318 ft
dengan,
sehingga :
Densitas campuran =
densitas air pada 30 C =
spesific grafity =
WELH = z x spesific gracity =
Jumlah turbin = WELH / D =
N=
=
viskositas campuran dalam reaktor
komponen
H2SO4
H2O
total
visc camp =
Bilangan Reynold
Nre = densNDi^2/my
.
62,4
P 3,52.10-3.N P.
hal 100
nya ID
PERANCANGAN PENGAD
pengadukan
*DiN/600)^2
dengan :
WELH =
Di =
N=
1367.7532611562
584.0617775735 kg/m^3
2.3416406127
20.522510742 ft
2.3416406127
600 (WELH/2*Di)^0.5/(3.14*Di)
122.5852896427 rpm
dalam reaktor
mi(kg/jam)
Wi
29264.3098522201
2.0430881607
-18.7045
38950.8646284794
68215.1744806995
0.571
1
-10.2158
8.88E+00 cP
2.49E+05
daya pengadukan ( P )
Besarnya daya yang dibutuhkan untuk pengadukan :
N Di
3,52.10-3.N P.
.
.
62,4 60 12
Dengan P =
=
N =
Di =
daya, hp
densitas, lb/ft3
kecepatan putar, rpm
diameter pengaduk, ft
peroleh harga Np =
658.890423929 HP
ipilih motor dengan daya sebesar
4
560.0568603396 HP
85%
659
PERANCANGAN PENGADUK
Viskositas larutan antara 0 10000Pa.s (Holland,1996 table 8-3)
Untuk Nre>10000 sebaiknya digunakan baffle (4 baffle atau lebih) (Mc.Cabe 5th edition hal 243)
> Untuk campuran liquid-liquid Np= 5.5 (Myers,1996 table 8-4)
0.2
0.083333333
L=Panjang blade
W= tinggi blade
J= Tebal baffle
2.671315675 m =
0.890438558 m =
0.890438558 m =
2.671315675 m =
0.22260964 m =
0.178087712 m
0.22260964 m
kg/m^3
32.0557881 in
10.6852627 in
10.6852627 in
32.0557881 in
2.671315675 in
2.13705254 in
2.671315675 in
85.38318727 lb/ft^3
36.46297677 lb/ft^3
rps
T=
D
C
3.50E+03
3.31E-02
303.15 K
ui(cP)
wi.ui (cP)
-1.70E-05
1.96E+01
8.42E+00
1.79E+03
1.77E-02
5.97E-03 lb/fts =
-1.26E-05
2.15E+01 lb/ftj
HP
659 Hp
8.15E-01
491.4162154 kW
4.65E-01
8.88E+00
dasar pemilihan
1. centrifuge 1
fungsi : untuk memisahkan padatan yang keluar dari reaktor 2
tipe : disk
dasar pemilihan :
dapat digunakan untuk pengambilan cairan denga kemurnian yang tingg
kapasitas1.200 - 30.000 gallon/h
kondisi operasi :
72 C
345.15 K
sistem operasi : kontinyu
jumlah: 1 buah
laju umpan masuk =
80641.35215104 kg/h
densitas campuran :
komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
SiO2
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
Jadi c =
kapasitas :
wi
A
0.12773921
0.00263578
0.00028679
0.09622909
0.07616156
0.15684425
0.00124489
0.00242625
0.01023526
0.52619692
Tc
0.42169
0.19356
0.2857
0.3471
0.274
0.28571
(1-T/Tc)^n
925 0.8750897
647.13
1545.05411 kg/m3
52.1932221 m3/jam
13787.9879 gallon/jam
dari tabel 18-12 perry, dipilih centrifuge dengan spesifiksi sebagai berikut:
tipe : disk
bowl diameter :
13
speed, rpm:
7500
mak. Centrifugal
10.4
kapasitas:
liquid 5-50 gpm
power :
6 Hp
0.804315
2. centrifuge 2
fungsi : untuk memisahkan padatan yang keluar dari tang
tipe : disk
dasar pemilihan :
dapat digunakan untuk peng
kapasitas1.200 - 30.000 gallo
kondisi operasi :
95
sistem operasi : kontinyu
jumlah: 1 buah
laju umpan masuk =
38901.81
densitas campuran :
komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
H2O
Jadi c =
kapasitas :
wi
A
0.387129 0.42169
0.09961
0.513261
0.3471
1590.139 kg/m3
24.46441 m3/jam
6462.812 gallon/jam
dari tabel 18-12 perry, dipilih centrifuge dengan spesifiksi
tipe : disk
bowl diameter :
7
speed, rpm:
12000
mak. Centrifugal x
14300
kapasitas:
liquid 0,1 - 10gpm
power :
1/3 Hp
kg/h
Tc
0.19356
0.2857
0.274
0.28571
2. centrifuge 3
fungsi : untuk memisahkan padatan yang keluar dari cristalizer
tipe : disk
dasar pemilihan :
dapat digunakan untuk pengambilan cairan denga kemurnian yang ting
kapasitas1.200 - 30.000 gallon/h
kondisi operasi :
10
283.15 K
sistem operasi : kontinyu
jumlah: 1 buah
laju umpan masuk =
23087.17 kg/h
densitas campuran :
komponen
wi
A
FeSO4.7H2O
0.266025
Fe2(SO4)3.9H2O 0.547842
MgSO4.7H2O
0.004348
Al2(SO4)3.18H2O 0.035751
H2O
0.1461
Jadi c =
kapasitas :
0.3471
0.274
Tc
0.28571
(1-T/Tc)^n
647.13 0.848393
1764.496 kg/m3
13.08429 m3/jam
3456.503 gallon/jam
dari tabel 18-12 perry, dipilih centrifuge dengan spesifiksi sebagai berikut:
tipe : disk
bowl diameter :
7
speed, rpm:
12000
mak. Centrifugal x g
14300
kapasitas:
liquid 0,1 - 10gpm
power :
1/3 Hp
reaktor-01
Fungsi :Mereaksikan ilmenite dengan asam sulfat dengan konversi 73,9 %
Kondisi Operasi : T = 106 oC, 1 atm
1 atm
14.695975 psi
komponen
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
masuk (F5)
keluar (F6)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
298.3748799664 29264.309852 130.2080183966
51.1833403365 4087.5527426
13.3588518278
40.4308612185 2904.5530699
4.0430861218
0.8340228433 33.611120584
0.0834022843
2.4122506852 245.95307986
0.2412250685
0.38493362 23.126811888
0.38493362
1.4370855146 80.591755658
0.1437085515
31.6287124416 5050.7890898
3.1628712442
37.8244885087
36.3877750966
28.4658411974
0.750620559
1.2933769631
2.1710256167
2163.9369238044 38950.864628 2332.1037853742
2590.6230104304 80641.352151 2590.6230104304
0.1167 jam
7 menit
420 detik
(Yaws)
106 oC
wi
A
0.1583638158
0.0132295806
0.0036018159
4.16797581984257E-005
0.0003049962
0.000286786
9.99384974437808E-005
0.0062632743
0.0750140277
381.15
B
0.42169
0.19356
0.19187
1.26357
0.0144
0.3
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
0.068545405
0.1411598243
0.0011204015
0.0021836277
0.0092117355
0.5205730913
1
0.3471
campuran =
0.274
1319.0727637232 kg/m3
=
61.1349
1. Volume reaktor
Fv =
V fluida
V fluida
61.1349 m3/jam
Fv
41.7004
faktor keamanan =
20%
0.000049 D^3
V=volume head, ft3
Brownell, hal 43
Asumsi H=D
Vreaktor = V silinder + 2 V head
0.7850000567 D^3
13.1060 ft
157.2715 in
13.1060 ft
6.5530 ft
157.2715 in
78.6358 in
Kondisi operasi
P=
T=
1 atm
15 oC
59
51639.0995 Pa=
51.639
P hidrostatis = .(g). Z
P = Poperasi + Phidrostatis
1.5096 atm
over design =
=
=
1.8116 atm
26.6226 psia
f=
18750 psia
E=
c=
0.125 in
P=
26.6226 psia
t=
2093.4879
0.125 in =
14984.0264
dipilih tebal standar =
0.1875 in
157.6465 in
Dipakai standar OD =
54 in
3/16 in
icr=
3 1/4 in
r=
W = 1/4(3+((r/icr)^0.5))
54 in
(brown & young eq. 7.76, p.150)
3.25
1.7690493307
sehingga t =
0.1301 in
=
0.1875 in=
sf =
2 in
icr=
3 1/4 in
50 3/4 in
AB = (ID/2) - icr =
75 3/8 in
AC = (BC^2 - AB^2)^0.5 =
#VALUE! in
b = r -AC =
#VALUE! in
t head + b + sf
=
#VALUE! in
#VALUE!
#VALUE! in
#VALUE!
H + 2*OA
=
Pertimbangan :
Pengaduk jenis ini bisa digunakan untuk kapasitas > 2000 galon
(volume reaktor =
50.0404 m3
13219.1848
dengan,
Da/Dt =
1/3 W/Da=
1/5
E/Da =
1 J/Dt=
1/12
H/Dt =
L/Da =
1/4
Da = diameter pegaduk
L=Panjang blade
Dt = diameter tangki
W= tinggi blade
J= Lebar baffle
H = tinggi Cairan
sehingga :
Dt =
13.1060 ft
3.9947
Da =
4.3687 ft
1.3316
E=
4.3687 ft
1.3316
H=
13.1060 ft
3.9947
L=
1.0922 ft
0.3329
W=
0.8737 ft
0.2663
J=
1.0922 ft
0.3329
or-01
keluar (F6)
Kg
12770.6722363183
1066.8512658228
290.4553069934
3.3611120584
24.5953079863
23.1268118883
8.0591755658
505.07890898
6049.2326227078
5527.5941393759
11383.3190998106
90.3506954408
176.0906867761
742.8468091061
41979.7179722126
80641.3521510433
K
n
Volume
(m3/jam)
, kg/m3
1753.115 16.692749678
4230 0.9663245254
7874 0.3688789776
12356.55 0.0027201056
4112.266 0.0598096232
2650 0.0087270988
3340 0.0241292682
5242 0.9635232907
0
2840
0
3100
0
2660
0
2320
0
2670
0
966.6194 40.295968225
59.382830793
4,230
Tc
(1-T/Tc)^n
0.2857
925
0.28571
0.28571
5950
5335
(g/ml)
wi.i (g/ml)
1
2.1786009506
0.3450115596
4.23
0.0559611258
7.874
0.0283606987
1
13.3243055556
0.0005553538
1
4.2119
0.0012846136
2.65
0.0007599829
3.34
0.0003337946
5.242
0.0328320839
1.361
0.1020940917
0.28571
647.13
2.84
3.097
2.66
2.96
1.69
1.2667883212
0.1946689501
0.4371719758
0.0029802681
0.0064635379
0.0155678331
0.0950268942
1.3190727637
82.3442648687 lb/ft3
m3
V = (_0._)/( ( _))
1 m3 = 1000 L
61134.8777480838 L/jam
1472.6348 ft3
50.0404 m3
1767.16171332 ft3
3.9947 m
3.9947 m
1.9973 m
1
1
1
1
Liter =
gallon =
Liter =
in =
0.2641720524
0.1336805556
0.0353146667
0.0254
1 ft =
1 ft =
12
0.3048
1m
39.3701
1 atm =
1 atm =
kpa =
0.5096382994 atm
1 atm =
1 kPa =
101325
14.6959
21163
0.0098692329
20%
app D, p.354)
alasan :
1. Cukup kuat dan tahan korosi
2. Mudah difabrikasi
3. Harga realtif murah
0.2647 in
(brown & young app F. hal 362)
4.0042 m =
in
w = faktor koreksi stress pada torispherical head
13.1372 ft
0.003305 m
0.004763 m
icr
OA
B
sf
ID
a
m
ft
#VALUE! m
10000 sebaiknya digunakan baffle (4 baffle atau lebih) (Mc.Cabe 5th edition hal 243)
gallon
1 m3 = 264.17 gallon
m=
157.2715 in
m=
52.4238 in
m=
52.4238 in
m=
157.2715 in
m=
13.1060 in
10.4848 in
13.1060 in
gallon
ft3
ft3
m
inch
m
in
Pa
psia
lbf/cuft
atm
OD
icr
r
ID
t
REAKSI UTAMA
Xa1
0.5
0.52
0.54
0.7
0.739
0.732
0.74
0.75
0.76
0.77
0.771
0.789853
Cao
Ca1
Cio
Ci
K
(-ra)
0.861922 0.430961 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 4.749993
0.861922 0.413722 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 4.603994
0.861922 0.396484 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 4.457996
0.861922 0.258576 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 3.290005
0.861922 0.224962 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 3.005308
0.861922 0.230995 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 3.056407
0.861922
0.2241 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 2.998008
0.861922 0.21548 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 2.925008
0.861922 0.206861 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 2.852009
0.861922 0.198242 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 2.77901
0.861922 0.19738 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 2.77171
0.861922 0.18113 1.298824 0.129882 8.469378 2.634086
v1
Xa2
20.00145
20.85807
21.77079
31.98883
35.68339
34.96958
35.78735
36.85548
37.97829
39.16009
39.28169
41.70037
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
0.948
Ca2
ci2
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0.04482
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
k
(-ra)
v2
8.457588 0.379068 80.83745
8.457588 0.379068 78.13697
8.457588 0.379068 75.43649
8.457588 0.379068 53.83264
8.457588 0.379068 48.56671
8.457588 0.379068 49.51187
8.457588 0.379068 48.43168
8.457588 0.379068 47.08144
8.457588 0.379068 45.7312
8.457588 0.379068 44.38096
8.457588 0.379068 44.24594
8.457588 0.379068 41.70037
TIO2
IMPURITIS
persamaan nilai K
379.15
345.15
[C]
exponen K
exponen K
0.8619215294 0.985958 8.469378 0.984585 8.457588
1.2988243452
Qao(Cao-Ca)
(-ra1)+(-ra2)
(-ra 1) =
(-ra2) =
(-ra 1) =
(-ra2) =
k.
k.
k.
k.
Ca 1
Cao (1-Xa)
Ca2
Cao (1-Xa2)
3.005308
0
Cao
V=
Ca =
komponen
Cao
Ca =
mol input
laju alir v
mol output
laju alir v
H2SO4
TiO2
FeO
MgO
Al2O3
SiO2
CaO
Fe2O3
TiOSO4
FeSO4
Fe2(SO4)3
MgSO4
CaSO4
Al2(SO4)3
H2O
total
masuk (F5)
keluar (F6)
Kmol
Kg
Kmol
298.3749 29264.31 130.208
51.18334 4087.553 13.35885
40.43086 2904.553 4.043086
0.834023 33.61112 0.083402
2.412251 245.9531 0.241225
0.384934 23.12681 0.384934
1.437086 80.59176 0.143709
31.62871 5050.789 3.162871
0
0 37.82449
0
0 36.38778
0
0 28.46584
0
0 0.750621
0
0 1.293377
0
0 2.171026
2163.937 38950.86 2332.104
2590.623 80641.35 2590.623
keluar (F6)
Kg
12770.67
1066.851
290.4553
3.361112
24.59531
23.12681
8.059176
505.0789
6049.233
5527.594
11383.32
90.3507
176.0907
742.8468
41979.72
80641.35
, kg/m3
1753.115
4230
7874
12356.55
4112.266
2650
3340
5242
4230
2840
3100
2660
2320
2670
966.6194
Volume
(m3/jam)
16.69275
0.966325
0.368879
0.00272
0.05981
0.008727
0.024129
0.963523
0
0
0
0
0
0
40.29597
59.38283
rotary dryer
fungsi : mengeringkan bahan yang keluar dari cristalizer dengan bantuan udara panas
dasar pemilihan : sesuai untuk pengeringan padatan
kondisi operasi : P = 1 atm
suhu umpan : 10 oC
suhu udara : 150
perhitunga :
dari neraca massa dan neraca panas :
feed masuk =
20870.0372855154 kg/jam
46010.0841996472 lb/jam
771222837.592273 kj/jam
730965005.469956 btu/jam
10 C
85
150
85
total panas =
suhu bahan masuk =
suhu bahan keluar =
suhu udara masuk =
suhu udara keluar =
delta T lmtd
t1=
t2=
86
185
302
185
117
99
1.2 m/detik
(ulrich,table 4-10)
20870.0372855154 kg/jam
5.7972325793 kg/detik
s,campuran=
1.7644957386 kg/m3
us =
1.2 m/detik
As =
2.7379080854 m2
As =
0.785 D^2
2.7379080854
=
0.785 D^2
D^2
=
3.4877810005
D
=
1.8675601732 m
perhitungan koefisies volumetri heat transfer,(Ua) =
Ua =
240 x G ^0,67
D
keterangan :
G (asumsi ) =
D =
Ua
=
0.1 Kg/dt.m2
1.8675601732
27.474932741 J/m3.dt.K
V
=
total panas pada sistem
Q
=
Ua =
D=
T lmtd =
214228.565997854
214228.565997854
L
2.7379080854 L
214228.565997854 Kj/dt
27.474932741 J/m3.dt.K
1.8675601732 m
315
=
=
=
27.474932741
23713.0369112527 L
9.0342104556 m
B=
A drum =
2.73790809
F
=
=
perhitungan sudut rotary
slop =
panjang drum =
slop actual =
tg alpha =
7622.6215909286 kg/jam.m2
0.027727922
+
0.0423056873 menit
8 cm/m
9.0342104556 m
72.2736836449 cm =
0.7227368364
0.8819217057 mendekati
0.01457777
0.72273684 m
1 derajat
diameter drum, D =
1.8675601732 m
panjang drum, L =
9.0342104556 m
tinggi flight = 1/8 D =
0.2334450216 m
jumlah flight 1 circle = 3 D =
5.6026805196 buah
total circle = panjang drum/panjang flight
total circle =
4.5171052278 digunakan
total jumlah flight = total circle x jumlah flight tiap 1 circle
total jumlah flight =
30
D=
H = 0,16 x D =
(bulk densitas bahan) =
tekanan vertikal pada tangki
1.8675601732 m =
0.9803346266 ft
digunakan
5 buah
6.12709142 ft
165.4 lb/cuft
Zr =
r (jari-jari tangki ), ft = D/2 =
0.147050194 ft
3.0635457081 ft
PB=
2.7
tekanan lateral PL=
k x PB =
P operasi = PB+PL =
3.6018 psi
untu faktor keamanan 10 %, digunakan tekan:
P aktual =
3.96198 psi
4 psi
ts =
ts =
digunakan
0.0011182864
+
0.1261182864 inch
0.1875 (3/16)
isolasi
batu isolasi dipakai setebal 4 inch (Perry ed.7; 12-42)
diameter dalam rotary =
diameter luar rotary =
maka diameter rotary terisolasi =
perhitungan power rotary :
0.9018 psi
0.125
6.1270914162 ft
6.1583414162 ft
6.8250080829 ft
dengan:
N, putaran rotary =
d, diameter shell =
w, berat bahan =
D = d+2 =
6 rpm
6.1270914162 ft
19715.6786041483 kg/jam
43473.0713221469 lb
8.1270914162 ft
b ) berat isolasi
66844.8454 lb
hp
=
93.3546289345 hp
dengan effeciency motor = 75 % ( Perry ed.6, p.20-37), maka:
P=
124.4728385793
= 125
spesifikasi :
kapasitas =
isolasi = batu isolasi
diameter =
panjang =
tebal isolasi =
tebal shell =
tinggi bahan =
sudut rotari =
time of passes =
jumlah flight =
power =
jumlah=
20870.0372855154 kg/jam
1.8675601732 m
9.0342104556 m
4 inch
(3/16) inch
0.147050194 ft
1 derajat
0.0423056873 menit
30
125 Hp
1 buah
lrich,table 4-10)
315
6 buah
COOLER 2 (CO-02)
t2
T1
106
50.00
T2
t1
1. Kondisi operasi
a. Fluida dingin
Massa fluida dingin (Wc)
=
=
28.00
119266.677953439 kg/jam
262939.390095546 lb/h
28.00
82.400
50.00
=
=
=
122.000
10,968,899
10396469.25
F
kj/jam
Btu/jam
=
=
80641.352
177784.678
kg/jam
lb/h
106.000
222.8
72
162
b. Fluida panas
Massa fluida panas (Wh)
Temperatur masuk (T1)
Temperatur keluar (T2)
Properties Air :
k
Cp
= 63.33577824 lb/ft3
=
1.6367
lb/h. ft
= 0.6241190652
0
= 91.9695177
0
2. Menentukan T
Untuk aliran counter-current ;
Fluida panas
T (F)
Fluida dingin
161.600
T rendah
82.400
223
T tinggi
122.000
t2 - t1
T
t2
79.200
100.800 t1
-21.6
ln (t2/t1) = -0.241162057
t2 - t1
LMTD =
=
ln (t2/t1)
-21.6
-0.2412
89.57
Ud
50-125
W/m2 OC
Dipilih harga Ud
100
W/m2 OC
17.611
Btu/h.ft2.oF
= 6591.123288 ft2
in
= 612.3502054 m
in
Karena A > 200 ft2 maka tipe HE yang digunakan adalah shell and tube.
Pada shell adalah fluida dingin, dan tube adalah fluida panas.
5. Menghitung jumlah tube
Dari tabel 10 Kern hal 843 dipilih pipa :
OD
=
0.75
ID
=
0.652
BWG
=
18
at,
Surface per line (ao)
Panjang (L)
Jumlah tube (Nt)
=
=
=
=
0.334
in
in
in2
0.1963
ft2/ft
16
ft
A
L. ao
= 2098.5491876 tube
=
2099
tube
19.05 m
Dari Kern tabel 9 hal 841, dipilih spesifikasi 3/4 in OD square pitch diperoleh :
Pada tube :
0.75 in = 19.05 mm
OD
=
BWG
=
16
Square pitch
=
1
in
Nt
=
262
Panjang
=
16
ft
Passes
=
2
Pada shell :
ID shell
= 19.770546093 in
bundel diameter :
Buffle
= 0.2 ID shell
dari tabel 12.4 towler hal.809 K= 0,249 n= 2.207
= 3.9541092186 in
Db =
446.17 mm
=
Pass
=
8
dari gambar 12.10 dengan spit-ring HE hal 808 diperoeh 56
sehingga diameter shell =
Ds =
502 mm
=
19.7705
6. Menghitung nilai A dan Ud terkoreksi
A
Nt. ao.L
824.067
ft2
76.560
m2
Qr
A. T
Ud
Ud
140.857
Btu/h.ft2. oF
799.828
W/m2 OC
0.304
ft2
=
0.028
m2
b. Kecepatan massa steam ( Gt )
Wc
Gt
=
at
Gt
= 864130.27415413 lb/h.ft2
= 4218929.4144428
kg/jam. m2
Gt . De
864130.2742 x 0.05432
=
1.6367
=
28679.066
=
tf
=
=
tc
300
1500
Btu / h ft F
Btu / h ft F
82.40
222.8
F
hio
+
hio + ho
o
82.400
199.40
=
=
tw - tc
199.40
117.00
( Tc - tc )
1500
1500
+
300
82.40
Dari figure 15.11 Kern hal 474 nilai ho untuk nilai tf tersebut adalah
ho
=
300 Btu / h ft F
b. Menghitung nilai Uc
ho.hio
Uc
=
ho + hio
Uc
300
300
=
250.0
c. Menghitung nilai Rd
Uc-Ud
Rd
=
x
+
1500.0
1500.0
Btu/h.ft2.oF
222.8
Rd
Uc.Ud
250.000
250.000
0.0031
=
=
140.857
140.857
0.054
ft
f x Gt2 x L x n
5.22 1010x IDt x t
0.00003
x
=
5.2E+10
=
2.5E-01 psia
0.00003
864130.27
^2
x
0.054
x
^10
16
x
x
1
=
=
=
PT
864130.27415413
0.080
4
x
2
1
0.64
x
psi
= Ps + Pr
= 0.252852105 +
=
0.893
psi
Ps yang diijinkan
0.080
< 10
0.64
lb/h.ft2
:
:
Panjang
Pada tube :
OD
BWG
16
ft
:
:
psi
16
in
Square pitch
Nt
Panjang
Passes
Pada shell :
ID shell
:
:
:
:
1
324
16
2
in
23.25
0.2 ID shell
4.65
72
Buffle
Pass
ft
in
in
Ud = 50 - 125
9 K= 0,249 n= 2.207
0.44617 m
pit-ring HE hal 808 diperoeh 56 mm
in
222.8
82.4
ft2/in2
diperoleh :
bawah