BIRLA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, PILANI (RAJASTHAN)

INSTRUCTION DIVISION
FIRST SEMESTER 2010-2011
COURSE HANDOUT (PART-II)
Date: 02-08-2010
In addition to Part-I (General Handout for all courses appended to the time table) this portion gives further
specific details regarding the course.
Course No.
Course Name
Instructor-in-charge

:
:
:

CE G616
BRIDGE ENGINEERING
Dr. K. NALLASIVAM.

1. Course Description: Purpose of bridge; Classification of bridges; Characteristics of each bridge ; Loads
stresses and combinations; Design of R.C.C bridges; Design of non-composite and composite bridges;
Prestressed bridge; continuous spans; box girders; long span bridges ; Substructure design for bridges.
2. Scope and Objective of the Course:
Bridges are inseparable part of any communication network as they are the key elements in roadways and
Highways network. This course intends to impart analysis and design skills of bridge structures at advance
level. In addition to it, the present course intends to impart the adequate knowledge enabling the students to
plan, analyze and design the bridge structures which includes design of super structure, sub-structure,
abutment, pier and foundation.
3. Text Book (TB):
1. Johnson Victor, D. (2010), Essentials of Bridge Engineering, 6th Edition, Oxford & IBH Publishing
Co. Pvt. Ltd., New Delhi.
2. Krishna Raju, N. (2010), Design of Bridges, 3rd Edition, Oxford & IBH Publishing Co. Pvt. Ltd.,
New Delhi.
4. Reference Books (RB):
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Phatak D.R. (1990), Bridge Engineering, Satya Prakashan, New Delhi.

Bakht,B. and Jaegar, L.G.(1985),Bridge Analysis Simplified, McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
L. Fryba(1996), Dynamics of Railway Bridges, Thomas Telford.
N. Rajgopal (2006), Bridge Superstructure, Narosa Publishing House, New Delhi
V. K. Raina(2002),Concrete bridge Practice: Analysis, Design and Economics, Tata McGraw
Hill.
6. Aswani,M.G., Vazirani, V.N. and Ratwani, M.M(1975), Design of concrete bridges, Khanna
publishers.
7. Ponnuswamy S.(1996), Bridge Engineering, Tata McGraw-Hill, New Delhi.
8. Krishna Raju, N, (2008) Prestressed Concrete Tata McGraw-Hill Pub. Co. Ltd., New Delhi.
9. R.P.Pama and A.R.Cusens, Bridge Deck Analysis, John Wiley & sons.
10. T.R.Jagadish and M.A.Jairam, Design of Bridge structures, Prentice hall of India, New Delhi.
11. R.Delgado, R.Calcade, J.M. Goicolea and F. Gabaldon, (2010) Dynamics of High Speed Railway
Bridges, CRC press, Taylor and Francis Group, New Delhi.

12. R.Delgado, R.Calcade, A.C.Matos, (2010) Bridges for High Speed Railways, CRC press, Taylor
and Francis Group, New Delhi.
13. B. Akesson, (2010) Fatigue Life of Riveted Railway Bridges, CRC press, Taylor and Francis
Group, New Delhi.
14. B. Akesson, (2010) Plate Buckling in Bridges and other Structures, CRC press, Taylor and Francis
Group, New Delhi.
15. J.F. Unsworth, (2010) Design of Modern Steel Railway Bridges, CRC press, Taylor and Francis
Group, New Delhi.
5. Standard Specifications and code of Practice for Bridges:
1. IRC: 5-1998, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for road bridges: section I-General features
of Design, Indian Road Congress.
2. IRC: 6-2000, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for road bridges: section II-Loads and
Stresses, Indian Road Congress.
3. IRC: 21-2000, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for road bridges: section III-Cement
Concrete (Plain and Reinforced), Indian Road Congress.
4. IRC: 40-2002, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for road bridges: section IV-Brick, and
Stone and block Masonry, Indian Road Congress.
5. IRC: 24-2001, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for road bridges: section V-Steel Road
Bridges, Indian Road Congress.
6. IRC: 22-1986, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for Road Bridges: section VI-Composite
Construction, Indian Road Congress.
7. IRC:78-2000, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for road bridges: section VII-Foundation
and Substructures, Indian Road Congress
8. IRC:83-1999, Standard Specifications and code of Practice for road bridges: section IX (Part I)Metallic Bearings, (Part II )- Elastomeric Bearings and (Part III )-Pot, Pot-Cum-PTFE, Pin and metallic
guide Bearings, Indian Road Congress
9. IRC:18-2000, Design criteria for Prestressed Concrete road Bridges (post-tensioned concrete), Indian
Road Congress
10. IS456-2001 Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete, BIS.
11. IS800-2007 Code of Practice for General Construction in Steel, BIS.
12. IS1343-1990, Indian Standard code for Prestressed Concrete. BIS.
13. Code book Steel Railway Bridges.
6. Computer Skill Need for Computer Program /Softwares /Project Assignment.
Structural
Engineering
Softwares
ANSYS
SAP
ABAQUS
CATIA

Engineering
Softwares

MAT LAB

Programming
Language
C
C++
FORTRAN

Operating
Systems
Linux
Window XP

7. Course Plan:
S.
No.

1.

Lec. Reference to TB/RB

Nos.
I. Introduction and Standard Specifications for Road and Railway bridges
Purpose of Bridge, Components
of bridges, Classification of
Introduction
bridges, Selection of
Bridge
1
TB1-Chp 1
cross-section and longitudinal
form, Characteristics of each type
Introduction to bridge codes,
2
TB1- Chp 3- 5
Loading
Various Loads to be considered
Standard
Specifications for the Design of Road and
Railway bridge; General design
for Road and
consideration; Traffic aspects
Railway
bridges
Topic

Learning Objectives

Teaching
Mode

PPT

PPT
& CODE
BOOKS

II. Bridge Superstructures Design

3.

4.

5.

Design of R.C.C slab culvert

R.C.C
(Design of deck slab), Pipe
Culverts and
culvert and Box culvert based on
Slab Bridges
variety of IRC vehicle loading.
Design of solid deck slab,
Longitudinal beam and Cross
beam based on variety of IRC
vehicle loading; Load distribution
RC Slab and
using
Courbons
method,
Tee
Girder
Orthotropic Plate theory, Morice
Bridges
& Little method of load
distribution,
Hendry-Jaegar
method and Pigeauds Method of
panel design
Masonry Bridge: Design of Brick
(or) Stone masonry arch bridges.

Design
of
NonComposite
Bridges

TB1-Chp 6,
TB2-Chp 5-6

PPT

TB1- Chp 7

PPT

TB2-Chp 2 & TB1Chp 9

Steel Trussed Bridge: Design of

Pratt type truss girder highway
bridges Design of top chord,
bottom chord, web members
Effect of repeated loading.
Steel Plate Girder BridgeDesign of Plate girder railway
bridges for railway loading; Wind
effects Design of web and
flange
plates
Design
of
intermediate vertical and end
bearing
stiffeners;
welded
connection between them; lateral
bracing; Cross frame.

TB2-Chp 12 & TB1Chp 9

PPT

5
TB2-Chp 8 & TB1Chp 9

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

Design of
Composite
Bridges

Prestressed
Concrete
Bridges

Continuous
Bridges

Box-Girder
Bridges

Balanced
Cantilever,
Arch, Cable
Stayed ,
Suspension
bridges and
Integral
Bridges

General Aspects of composite

bridges, Design of R.C.C (or)
P.C.C deck slab and Plate girder
2
based on IRC vehicle loading;
Design of various types of Shear
connectors.
Introduction
to
prestressed
concrete, design of Pre-tensioned
and
Post-tensioned Bridges,
Design of superstructure-(Slab
4
bridge design, Slab and T-beam
bridge design, Slab and Continues
beam design)
General Aspects, Advantages and
Analysis of Continuous bridges,
2
Analysis and Design
of
Continuous bridges
Structural Behaviors of BoxGirder Bridges- Flexural, Wide
flange width (Shear Lag) effect,
2
Torsion and Distortional warping
effects. Thin-walled structures
theory.
Design of Balanced Cantilever,
4
Arch, Cable Stayed, Suspension
Bridges and Integral Bridges

III. Bridge Substructure Design

Types of piers and abutments,
Loads to be considered in piers,
abutments and wing wall design.
3
Stability analysis of pier and
abutment.

11.

Bridge Piers,
Abutments,
wing-wall and
approaches.

12.

Bridge
Foundations

13.

Necessity of bearings, Types of

Bridge
bearings and expansion joints,
Bearings and
Design of Elastomeric Bearings,
expansion
Necessity
and types of
joints
expansion joints

Types of Bridge foundations, Pile

and well foundations

TB2- Chp 9 & TB1Chp 10

TB1- Chp 8 &TB2Chp10

PPT

PPT

TB1- Chp 7 & TB2Chp 14

PPT

Research Papers ,
TB2 Chp 2-4
& TB1-Chp 9

PPT

TB2 Chp 13& TB1Chp 9

TB2 Chp 16& TB1Chp 9

PPT

TB1-Chp12 & TB2Chp 17

PPT

TB1- Chp 13& TB2Chp 18

PPT

PPT

TB1-Chp14 & TB2Chp 15

14

15.

16.

IV. Static and Dynamic(Vibration) Analysis of bridges

Introduction-Preliminary analysis
and design, Grillage analysis of
bridges, Finite difference analysis,
RB3 , RB11-15&
Analysis
of Finite strip analyses and Finite
3
Research papers
Bridges
element method analyses of deck
slab-Application of FEM software
to bridge analysis (ANSYS and
SAP).
Factor
Influence
Bridge
vibrations-Free (Modal analysis)
RB3 , RB11-15 ,
Bridge
vibration and Force (VehicleResearch papers &
vibration
3
TB Chp 20
(Dynamic of Bridge Interaction) vibration
analysis of bridge-Force vibration
bridge)
due to seismic and wind effects.
Fatigue analysis of Steel bridgesFatigue
constant
amplitude
test-S-N
RB3 ,RB11-15 &
analysis
of
2
curve-fatigue
loading-fatigue
Research papers
steel bridge
critical details.

PPT &
COMPUTATION

PPT &
COMPUTATION

PPT &
COMPUTATION

8. Evaluation Scheme:
Components

Duration

Weightage

Date & Time

Venue

Test-I

50 mts

20

<TEST_1>

Nature of
components
OB

Test-II

50 mts

20

<TEST_2>

OB

--

20

--

--

--

3 hours

40

<TEST_C>

----

OB

Compute program
/softwares/Seminar
/Assignment/Project/
Compre. Exam.

9. Chamber Consultation Hour: To be announced in the class by the Instructor.

10. Notice: Notice if any concerning this course will be displayed on the Notice Board of Civil Engineering
Group.
11. Make up policy: make-up will be granted only to genuine cases. For cases related to illness, proper
documentary evidence is essential. Prior permission is necessary if student is out of station on the test date.
Instructor-in-charge
CE G616