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    3 - Relative Density and Absorption

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    Nur Iffatin
    This document discusses different methods for determining the density of aggregates, including: - Particle density, which is the ratio of an aggregate's mass to its own volume - Relative density, which compares an object's density to the density of water - Apparent relative density, bulk relative density, and SSD (saturated surface dry) relative density, which account for moisture content It provides examples of how to calculate these densities using an aggregate's dry mass, SSD mass, net volume, and other measured properties. The document also describes standard procedures for achieving the SSD state in coarse and fine aggregates.

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    3 - Relative Density and Absorption

    Uploaded by

    Nur Iffatin
    100 views23 pages
    This document discusses different methods for determining the density of aggregates, including: - Particle density, which is the ratio of an aggregate's mass to its own volume - Relative density, which compares an object's density to the density of water - Apparent relative density, bulk relative density, and SSD (saturated surface dry) relative density, which account for moisture content It provides examples of how to calculate these densities using an aggregate's dry mass, SSD mass, net volume, and other measured properties. The document also describes standard procedures for achieving the SSD state in coarse and fine aggregates.

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    3 - Relative Density and Absorption

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    This document discusses different methods for determining the density of aggregates, including: - Particle density, which is the ratio of an aggregate's mass to its own volume - Relative density, which compares an object's density to the density of water - Apparent relative density, bulk relative density, and SSD (saturated surface dry) relative density, which account for moisture content It provides examples of how to calculate these densities using an aggregate's dry mass, SSD mass, net volume, and other measured properties. The document also describes standard procedures for achieving the SSD state in coarse and fine aggregates.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    Download as pdf or txt
    100 views23 pages

    3 - Relative Density and Absorption

    Uploaded by

    Nur Iffatin
    This document discusses different methods for determining the density of aggregates, including: - Particle density, which is the ratio of an aggregate's mass to its own volume - Relative density, which compares an object's density to the density of water - Apparent relative density, bulk relative density, and SSD (saturated surface dry) relative density, which account for moisture content It provides examples of how to calculate these densities using an aggregate's dry mass, SSD mass, net volume, and other measured properties. The document also describes standard procedures for achieving the SSD state in coarse and fine aggregates.

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    of 23

    Relative Density and

    Absorption

    Aggregate Moisture

    Dry

    CIVL 3137

    SSD

    Wet

    76

    Absorption
    MD

    M AW
    % Abs
    100%
    MD
    MAW
    CIVL 3137

    77

    Question

    A 1-ft3 bucket holds


    100 lb. of aggregate.
    How much volume is
    occupied by the air
    and how much by the
    aggregate particles?

    CIVL 3137

    78

    Particle Density
    Particle density is the ratio of the mass
    of an aggregate particle to its own volume
    (also called mass density of solids).

    V
    CIVL 3137

    79

    Relative Density
    Relative density is the mass density
    of an object relative to the mass density
    of water (also called specific gravity).

    MV
    M
    RD

    w
    w
    V w
    CIVL 3137

    80

    Relative Density
    Relative density depends on the volume
    you assume for the aggregate particles.

    Net
    Volume
    CIVL 3137

    Bulk
    Volume
    81

    Apparent Relative Density

    MD
    RD A
    VN w
    Net volume

    CIVL 3137

    82

    Bulk Relative Density

    MD
    RDB
    VB w
    Bulk volume

    CIVL 3137

    83

    SSD Relative Density

    RDSSD

    MSSD

    VB w
    SSD aggregate

    CIVL 3137

    84

    Example
    An aggregate sample has an oven-dry mass of
    3954.2 g, an SSD mass of 4006.8 g, and a net
    volume of 1532.6 cm3.
    Find RDA, RDB, RDSSD, and %Abs

    CIVL 3137

    85

    Measuring Relative Density

    CIVL 3137

    86

    Measuring Relative Density

    CIVL 3137

    87

    Measuring Relative Density


    M
    RD
    V w
    mass of water displaced

    CIVL 3137

    88

    Measuring Relative Density

    RD

    CIVL 3137

    Maggregate
    Mwater displaced

    89

    Buoyancy
    Mwater displaced g

    =
    Min water g
    Min air g

    CIVL 3137

    90

    Measuring Relative Density

    Mwater displaced Min air Min water

    CIVL 3137

    91

    Apparent Relative Density

    RD A

    OD
    in air

    M
    OD
    in air

    Min water
    Net volume

    CIVL 3137

    92

    Bulk Relative Density

    RDB

    OD
    in air

    M
    SSD
    in air

    Min water
    Bulk volume

    CIVL 3137

    93

    SSD Relative Density

    RDSSD

    SSD
    in air

    M
    SSD
    in air

    Min water
    Bulk volume

    CIVL 3137

    94

    Achieving an SSD State


    Coarse aggregate should be soaked
    in room temperature water for 244 h
    then rolled in a large absorbent cloth to
    remove all visible surface moisture.

    CIVL 3137

    95

    Achieving an SSD State


    Fine aggregate should be brought to
    a moisture content of at least 6% and
    allowed to stand for 244 h. Aggregate
    is then spread out on a nonabsorbent
    surface and air is blown across it until
    it attains a free flowing condition.

    CIVL 3137

    96

    Achieving an SSD State

    CIVL 3137

    97

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