1) Explain Vessels Constrained by Her Draft.

Answer:
Vessels Constrained by Her Draft means a power driven vessel which because
of her draft in relation to the available depth and width of navigable water is severely
restricted in her ability to deviate from the course she is showing.
2) Differentiate the terms Under way and Making way.
Answer:
Underwayisused,whenavesselisnotanchoredorfixedtoground.Italso
referstoanytimewhenthevesselisinwater,nomatterwhetherthevesselisin
movementorstationaryinwater.Itjustneedstosatisfythecondition'not
anchored'.While,Makingwayreferstothevesselthatisinmovementinwater.It is
being propelled through the water by sail, machinery, or oar. This is easy to distinguish
by day, at night you only look at the lights displayed for information. Any boat fishing
making way is a trawler.
Say, if the engine failed to function, when the vessel was at sea. Itispossiblefora
vesseltobeunderway,butnotmakingway.
3) Study Rule 5.
Answer:
Rule 5: Look Out of Collision Regulations (under Part B - Steering and Sailing
Rules) - Everyvesselshallatalltimesmaintainaproperlookoutbysightandhearingas
wellasbyallavailablemeansappropriateintheprevailingcircumstancesandconditions
soastomakeafullappraisalofthesituationandoftheriskofcollision.Aproperlook
out,isbothaheadandastern,andisnotlimitedtocollisionavoidance,butincludes
keepingalookoutforothervesselsthatmaybeindifficulty.Aswellaskeepingalook
outbysightandhearing,wemustalsouseallavailablemeanswhichwouldbe
appropriateatthetime.Afullappraisalofthesituationmeansthatyoumustbefully
awareofwhatisgoingoninandaroundyourshipatalltimes.WhenusingVHFforthis
purpose(appraisalofriskofcollision)correctidentificationoftheothervesselis
paramount.MakingacalltoShiponmyportbowisdefinitelyunprofessionalandopen
tomisinterpretation.

4) Explain Rule 6: Safe speed.

Answer:

Rule 6: Safe speed(under Part B - Steering and Sailing Rules) - Everyvessel

shallatalltimesproceedatasafespeedsothatshecantakeproperandeffectiveaction
toavoidcollisionandbestoppedwithinadistanceappropriatetotheprevailing
circumstancesandconditions.STCW95requiresthattheOOWmustnothesitatetouse
thehelm,enginesandsoundsignallingapparatus.Indeterminingasafespeedthe
followingfactorsshallbeamongthosetakenintoaccount:
a) Byallvessels:
i. thestateofvisibility;
ii. thetrafficdensityincludingconcentrationsoffishingvesselsor
iii.

anyothervessels;
themanoeuvrabilityofthevesselwithspecialreferenceto

iv.

stoppingdistanceandturningabilityintheprevailingconditions;
atnightthepresenceofbackgroundlightsuchasfromshorelights

v.

orfrombackscatterofherownlights;
thestateofwind,seaandcurrent,andtheproximity

vi.

ofnavigationalhazards;
thedraughtinrelationtotheavailabledepthofwater.

Donothesitatetoslowdownintheabovesituations.
b) Additionally,byvesselswithoperationalradar:
i. thecharacteristics,efficiencyandlimitationsoftheradar
ii.
iii.

equipment;
anyconstraintsimposedbytheradarrangescaleinuse;
theeffectonradardetectionoftheseastate,weatherandother

iv.

sourcesofinterference;
thepossibilitythatsmallvessels,iceandotherfloatingobjectsmay

v.
vi.

notbedetectedbyradaratanadequaterange;
thenumber,locationandmovementofvesselsdetectedbyradar;
themoreexactassessmentofthevisibilitythatmaybepossible
whenradarisusedtodeterminetherangeofvesselsorother
objectsinthevicinity.

5) Part B - Steering and Sailing Rules.

Answer:
Part B - Steering and Sailing Rules:
Rule 4: Application
Rule 5: Look Out
Rule 6: Safe Speed
Rule 7: Risk of Collision

 Rule 8: Action to Avoid Collision

Rule 9: Narrow Channels
Rule 10: Traffic Separation Schemes