answer

21

26

29

33

21

30

37.5

39.75

1
1
1
-6

2
1
1
-3

3
1
4
0

56
62
70
75
81
85
89
93

56
66
70
77
81
86
90
94

59
67
73
78
82
86
90
95

1983

1984

1985

3.8

3.9

3.8

a
b
c
d

54
62
68
73
79
83
89
93

YEAR
% CHG. C.P.I.

YEAR

% CHG. C.P.I.
1983
3.8
1984
3.9
1985
3.8
1986
1.1
1987
4.4
1988
4.4
1989
4.6
1990
6.1
1991
3.1

1992

2.9

6
Fund

Loss 11/13

Gain before
11/13

4.7

38

4.4

24

3.3

13.3

19.9

4.1

36.8

4.7

24.5

29.6

3.6

28

4.9

24.6

10

31.2

11

21.5

12

3.3

19.4

13

4.7

30.8

14

5.2

32.3

15

5.8

50.9

16

4.7

30.8

17

3.8

25.6

18

4.4

32.9

19

4.2

24.7

20

4.9

30.7

21

20.3

22

6.4

39.5

23

5.4

30.3

24

3.3

18.7

25

3.8

20.3

10

11.6

12.4

mean
median
variance

15.6

20.05
20.45
33.42

standard
deviation
range

5.78
16.3

interquartile
range

11.6

16.1

9
5
6
8
8

8
14
16
8
15

11

7
8
10
10
7
range
4 to 5
6 to 7
8 to 9
10 to 11
12 to 13
14 to 15
16 to 17
18 to 19
20 to 21
22 to 23

no.
3
10
15
10
4
4
2
1
0
1

12

3.8
4.6
4.9
7.2

4.1
8
4.9
4.1
range
[2,3)
[3,4)
[4,5)
[5,6)
[6,7)
[7,8)
[8,9)
[9,10)

4.7
4.9
4.9
4.5

5.2
4.2
5.2
8

number
1
1
19
7
1
2
3
2

There is a concentration, but not really in the center the $4,

She could pay anywhere between $2,800 and $9,200, but she

13

Cases
Purchased

Week
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10

81
61
77
71
69
81
66
111
56
81

Week
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20

14

2.109
2.031
2.012
1.994
1.963
litre
1.80 - 1.85
1.86 - 1.90
1.90 - 1.95
1.95 - 2.0
2.0 - 2.05
2.05 - 2.10
2.10 - 2.15

2.086
2.029
2.012
1.986
1.957
number
0
1
5
18
19
6
1

2.066
2.025
2.012
1.984
1.951

2.075
2.029
2.01
1.981
1.951

37

38

39

40

42

47

5
8
5
6

6
8
5
9

7
8
8
12

8
6
8
14
8 7.1428571
15
54

47
4
1
4
3

range of
marks
50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
91-95

60
68
73
79
83
88
91
98

4.5
4.5
4.5
4.5

student
5
8
8
13
5

1986

1987

1988

1989

1990

1991

1992

1.1

4.4

4.4

4.6

6.1

3.1

2.9

17.6

18.5

22.4

20.45

24.475

27.9

6
8
5
10
23

12
7
10
18
13

6
6
12
8
9

22.9

25

26.6

27.9

9
10
7
10
8

15
8
10
11
9

9
11
15
7
9

16
4
7
10
13

2.8
4.1
5.9
4.4

5.6
5.3
5.2
4.2

4.9
5.5
4.8
4.6

6.7
8
4.8
4.2

9.2
7.2
9.1
4.8

t really in the center the $4,000 to $5,000 range seems to be the most common

n $2,800 and $9,200, but she will most likely pay $4,000 to $5,000

Cases
Purchased
86
133
91
111
86
84
131
71
118
88

Week

Cases
cases
Purchased 51 to 60
21
91 61 to 70
22
99 71 to 80
23
89 81 to 90
24
96 91 to 100
25
108 101 to 110
26
86 111 to 120
27
84 121 to 130
28
76 131 to 140
29
83
30
76

55
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
135

frequency
1
3
5
11
4
1
3
0
2

2.065
2.023
2.005
1.973
1.947

2.057
2.02
2.003
1.975
1.941

2.052
2.015
1.999
1.971
1.941

2.044
2.014
1.996
1.969
1.938

2.036
2.013
1.997
1.966
1.908

2.038
2.014
1.992
1.967
1.894

35.2

assumption

37.5

d>a>c>b
d>b>c>a

cases
55
65
75
85
95
105
115
125
135

frequency
3%
10%
17%
37%
13%
3%
10%
0%
7%
1

Data2
54
56
59
60
62
66
67
68
70
73
75
77
78
79
81
82
83
85
86
88
89
90
91
93
94
95
98
Total Result

Sum - Data2
54
112
59
60
124
66
67
136
140
219
75
77
78
158
162
82
166
85
172
88
178
180
91
186
94
95
98
3102

50-60
60-70
70-80
80-90
91-95

5
8
8
13
5

Data
54
56
56
59
60
62
62
66
67
68
68
70
70
73
73
73
75
77
78
79
79
81
81
82
83
83
85
86
86
88
89
89
90
90
91
93
93
94
95
98

Column1
Mean
77.55
Standard Er1.9394521
Median
79
Mode
73
Standard De
12.266172
Sample Var150.45897
Kurtosis
-0.971144
Skewness -0.288876
Range
44
Minimum
54
Maximum
98
Sum
3102
Count
40

% CHG.
C.P.I.

YEAR
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992

3.8
3.9
3.8
1.1
4.4
4.4
4.6
6.1
3.1
2.9

4
5
5
6
6
6
6
7
7
7
7
7
7
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
9
9
9
9
9
9
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
10
11
11
12
12

4 to 6
6 to 8
8 to 10
10 to 12
12 to 14
14 to 16
16 to 18
18 to 20
20 to 22
22 to 24

3
10
15
10
4
4
2
1
0
1

13
13
14
15
15
15
16
16
18
23

2.8
3.8
4.1
4.1
4.1
4.2
4.2
4.2
4.4
4.5
4.6
4.6
4.7
4.8
4.8
4.8
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
4.9
5.2
5.2
5.2
5.3
5.5
5.6
5.9
6.7
7.2
7.2
8
8
8
9.1
9.2

[2,3)
[3,4)
[4,5)
[5,6)
[6,7)
[7,8)
[8,9)
[9,10)

1
1
19
7
1
2
3
2

56
61
66
69
71
71
76
76
77
81
81
81
83
84
84
86
86
86
88
89
91
91
96
99
108
111
111
118
131
133

51 to 60
61 to 70
71 to 80
81 to 90
91 to 100
101 to 110
111 to 120
121 to 130
131 to 140

1
3
5
11
4
1
3
0
2

1.894
1.908
1.938
1.941
1.941
1.947
1.951
1.951
1.957
1.963
1.966
1.967
1.969
1.971
1.973
1.975
1.981
1.984
1.986
1.992
1.994
1.996
1.997
1.999
2.003
2.005
2.01
2.012
2.012
2.012
2.013
2.014
2.014
2.015
2.02
2.023
2.025
2.029
2.029
2.031

1.80 - 1.85
1.86 - 1.90
1.90 - 1.95
1.95 - 2.0
2.0 - 2.05
2.05 - 2.10
2.10 - 2.15

2.036
2.038
2.044
2.052
2.057
2.065
2.066
2.075
2.086
2.109

0
1
5
18
19
6
1

MEAN
Fund

Loss 11/13

Gain
before
11/13

4.7

38

4.4

24

3.3

13.3

19.9

4.1

36.8

4.7

24.5

29.6

3.6

28

4.9

24.6

10

31.2

11

21.5

12

3.3

19.4

13

4.7

30.8

14

5.2

32.3

15

5.8

50.9

16

4.7

30.8

17

3.8

25.6

18

4.4

32.9

19

4.2

24.7

20

4.9

30.7

21

20.3

22

6.4

39.5

23

5.4

30.3

24

3.3

18.7

25

3.8

20.3

4.424

X-X'

(X-X')^2

Z SCORE

0.276
-0.024
-1.124
-1.424
-0.324
0.276
0.576
-0.824
0.476
1.576
-0.424
-1.124
0.276
0.776
1.376
0.276
-0.624
-0.024
-0.224
0.476
-1.424
1.976
0.976
-1.124
-0.624

0.076176
0.000576
1.263376
2.027776
0.104976
0.076176
0.331776
0.678976
0.226576
2.483776
0.179776
1.263376
0.076176
0.602176
1.893376
0.076176
0.389376
0.000576
0.050176
0.226576
2.027776
3.904576
0.952576
1.263376
0.389376

0.298156
-0.025927
-1.214231
-1.538314
-0.35001
0.298156
0.622239
-0.890148
0.514212
1.702516
-0.458037
-1.214231
0.298156
0.838295
1.48646
0.298156
-0.674093
-0.025927
-0.241982
0.514212
-1.538314
2.134626
1.05435
-1.214231
-0.674093

VARIANCE

SD

CAL MAXI

CAL MINI CAL RANGE ACT MAX

5.349689 3.498311 1.8513779

POPULATION

0.8569

0.9256889326

6.4

SAMPLE

ACTU MIN

ACTU
RANGE

3.4

SAMPLE

no. Of calls
day frequency
between 2650-2800
1
between 2800-2950
0
between 2950-3100
6
between 3100-3250
11
between 3250-3400
9
between 3400-3550
0
between 3550-3700
2
between 3700-3850
1
30

relative
frequency
0.033
0.000
0.200
0.367
0.300
0.000
0.067
0.033

%age
3.33
0.00
20.00
36.67
30.00
0.00
6.67
3.33

cumulative
%age
3.33
3.33
23.33
60.00
90.00
90.00
96.67
100.00

16)

Values
7
4
9
8
2

Q .22

The following data are intended to show the gap between families with the highest income and

State

Bottom
Fifth
($000)

Top Fifth
($000)

New York
Louisiana
New Mexico

6.787
6.43
6.408

132.39
102.339
91.741

Kansas
Oregon
New Jersey

10.79
9.627
14.211

Arizona
Connecticut

7.273
10.415

103.392
147.594

Indiana
Montana

11.115
9.051

California

9.033

127.719

9.474

Florida
Kentucky
Alabama
West
Virginia
Tennessee

7.705
7.364
7.531
6.439

107.811
99.21
99.062
84.479

South
Dakota
Idaho
Delaware
Arkansas
Colorado

10.721
12.041
8.995
14.326

8.156

106.966

Hawaii

12.735

Texas
Mississippi

8.642
6.257

113.149
80.98

Missouri
Alaska

11.09
14.868

Michigan
Oklahoma

9.257
7.483

117.107
94.38

Wyoming
Minnesota

11.174
14.655

Massachuse
tts
Georgia
Illinois

10.694

132.962

Nebraska

12.546

9.978
10.002

123.837
123.233

Maine
New
Hampshire

11.275
14.299

Ohio
South
Carolina
Pennsylvani
a
North
Carolina

9.346
8.146

111.894
96.712

Nevada
Iowa

12.276
13.148

10.512

124.537

Wisconsin

13.398

9.363

107.49

Vermont

13.107

State

Bottom
Fifth
($000)

Rhode Island

9.914

111.015

Washington

10.116

112.501

Maryland

13.346

147.971

Virginia

10.816

116.202

North
Dakota
Utah
District of
Columbia

12.424
15.709
5.293

For each of these numerical variables

(a)compute the arithmetic mean for the pop
(b)compute the variance and standard devia
(c)What proportion of these states have ave
(1)within 1 standard deviat
(2)within 2 standard deviat
(3)within 3 standard deviat
(d)Are you surprised at the results in (c)? (Hi
(e)Remove the District of Columbia from con

ith the highest income and families with the lowest income, in each of the 50 states and the District of Columbia, as measu

Top Fifth
($000)
110.341
97.589
143.01
110.876
89.902
93.822
104.725
116.965
83.434
131.368
116.06
100.837
129.065
94.845
120.344
102.992
92.457
116.018

98.693
104.253
103.551
97.898

91.041
110.938
149.508

metic mean for the population.

nce and standard deviation for the population.
these states have average incomes
hin 1 standard deviation of the mean?
hin 2 standard deviations of the mean?
hin 3 standard deviations of the mean?
t the results in (c)? (Hint: Compare and contrast your findings versus what would be expected based o
t of Columbia from consideration. Do parts (a) - (d) with the District of Columbia removed. How have th

trict of Columbia, as measured by the average of the bottom fifth and the top fifth of families with children during 1994-19

d be expected based on the empirical rule.)

removed. How have the results changed?

th children during 1994-1996. The results classified by states were as follows:

23
Amount pledged (in '000)
Night
Night
Night
Night
Night
Night
Night
Night
Night

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9

Total

Mean
Median
Standard Deviation
30 nights
Cannot raise half a million in 30 days

16
18
11
17
13
10
22
15
16
138
15.3333333333
16
3.6742346142
460

25
20
15
10
5
0
1

Column C

30

Sample of 27 Approved Policies

26
73
19
45
48

16
17

64
17

27. One of the major measures of the quality of service provided by any organiz
54
5
35
137
31
74
27
11
19
126
94
31
26
5
12
29
26
25
1
14
4
52
30
22
36
(a) Compute the
1. arithmetic mean
2. median
3. range
4. interquartile range
5. variance
6. standard deviation
(b) Are the data skewed? If so, how?
(c) On the basis of the results of (a)-(b), if you had to tell the president of t
ANSWER:
(A)

54
74
94
29
4

5
27
31
26
52

35
11
26
25
30

137
19
5
1
22

ARITHMATIC MMEDIAN
43.04
28.5

MAX
165

MIN
1

54

35

137

(B) Are the data skewed? If so, how?

The mean is greater than the median, which is right-skewness

(c) On the basis of the results of (a)-(b), if you had to tell the president of the co

Half of the complaints get resolved in less than 29 days, but a few complaints take a m

26. In New York State, savings banks are permitted to sell a form of life insuranc
73
19
16
64
28
45
48
17
17
17
(a) Compute the
1. arithmetic mean
2. median
3. range
4. interquartile range
5. variance
6. standard deviation
(b) Are the data skewed? If so, how?

(C)If a customer enters the bank to purchase this type of insurance policy and asks how
ANSWER:
(a)

73

19

16

ARITHMATIC MMEADIAN
43.88888889 45

64

28

MAX
92

MIN
16

(B) Are the data skewed? If so, how?

Yes, the data is left skewed and ias the arithmatic mean is ;ess than the median

(C) If a customer enters the bank to purchase this type of insurance policy
For the customer it will take approx 45 days or less.

25. In many
Plant A
5.62
11.62
Plant B
9.54

manufacturing processes there is a term called work in process (oft

5.29
7.29

16.25
7.5

10.92
7.96

11.46
4.42

11.46

16.62

12.62

25.75

5.75
12.46
9.17
13.21
6
For each of the two plants,
(a)Compute the
(1)arithmetic mean
(2)median
(3)range
(4)interquartile range
(5)variance
(6)standard deviation
(b)Construct histograms and box plots.
(c)Are the data skewed? If so, how?
(d)On the basis of the results of (a)-(c), are there any differe
Plant A
5.62
11.62
Plant B
9.54
5.75

5.29
7.29

16.25
7.5

10.92
7.96

11.46
4.42

11.46
12.46

16.62
9.17

12.62
13.21

25.75
6

MAX
21.62
25.75

MIN
4.42
2.33

RANGE
4.42 TO 21.62
2.33 TO 25.75

ARITHMATIC MMEDIAN
9.382
8.515
11.3535
11.96
Plant A
Range
4 to 7
7 to 10
10 to 13
13 to 16
16 to 19
19 to 22

4
9
5
0
1
1

Plant A
Range
4 to 7
7 to 10
10 to 13
13 to 16
16 to 19
19 to 22

4
9
5
0
1
1

PLANT B
2 TO 6
6 TO 10
10 TO 14
14 TO 18
18 TO 22
22 TO 26

4
4
7
4
0
1


FOR Plan A data is right Skewed whereas for Plant B is left skewed data
(D)

Processing times at Plant A tend to be shorter and less variable than at Plant B.

24. A problem with a telephone line that prevents a customer from receiving or
Central Office I Time to Clear Problems (minutes)
1.48

1.75

0.78

2.85

0.52

1.02

0.53

0.93

1.6

0.8

Central Office II Time to Clear Problems (minutes)

7.55

3.75

0.1

1.1

0.6

3.75

0.65

1.92

0.6

1.53

For each of the two central office locations,

(a)Compute the

(1)arithmetic mean
(2)median
(3)range
(4)interquartile range
(5)variance
(6)standard deviation
(b)Construct a box plot.
(c)Are the data skewed? If so, how?
(d)On the basis of the results of (a)-(c), are there any differe
(e)What would be the effect on your results and your conclu

OFFICE 1
1.48

1.75

0.78

2.85

0.52

OFFICE 2
7.55

MEAN

3.75

MEDIAN
2.214
2.0115

0.1

1.1

MAX
1.54
1.505

MIN
6.32
7.55

0.6

RANGE
0.52 0.52 TO 6.32
0.08 0.08 TO 7.55

(c)Are the data skewed? If so, how?

both are right skewed
(d)

The average time is longer at Office I

28
17

28
91

31
92

90
63

60
50

56
51

rovided by any organization is the speed with which it responds to customer complaints. A large family
27
152
2
123
81
110
110
29
61
35
4
165
32
29
28
13
13
10
5
27
26
20
23
33
68

o tell the president of the company how long a customer should expect to wait to have a complaint res

31
126
12
14
36

27
110
4
13
26

152
110
165
13
20

2
29
32
10
23

RANGE
1 to 165

QAURTIL Q1
15.25

QUARTILE Q3 QUARTILE
53.5
38.25

VARIANCE
SD
1757.794286 41.92605736

31

27

152

123

123
61
29
5
33

81
35
28
27
68

81

the president of the company how long a customer should expect to wait to have a complaint resolved
few complaints take a much longer time to resolve. About 10% of the cases take longer than 110 days.

l a form of life insurance called Savings Bank Life Insurance (SBLI). The approval process consists of un
28
31
90
60
56
31
91
92
63
50
51
69

ance policy and asks how long the approval process takes, what would you tell him

28

31

90

60

56

31

RANGE 16 TO QUARTILE Q1 QUARTILE Q3 QUARTILE RANVARIANCE

SD
76
18.5
61.5
43
639.2564103 25.28352053

s than the median

pe of insurance policy and asks how long the approval process takes, what would you tell him?

ed work in process (often abbreviated WIP). In a book manufacturing plant this represents the time it t
21.62
10.5

8.45
7.58

8.58
9.29

5.41
7.54

11.42
8.92

15.41

14.29

13.13

13.71

10.04

2.33

14.25

5.37

6.25

9.71

s.

), are there any differences between the two plants? Explain.

21.62
10.5

8.45
7.58

8.58
9.29

5.41
7.54

11.42
8.92

15.41
2.33

14.29
14.25

13.13
5.37

13.71
6.25

10.04
9.71

QUARTILE Q1 QUARTILE Q3 INTERQUARTILVARIANCE

SD
7.4475
11.045
3.5975
15.98122737 3.997652732 PLANT A
8.44
13.845
5.405
26.27747658 5.126156121 PLANT B

wed data

ariable than at Plant B.

omer from receiving or making calls is disconcerting to both the customer and the telephone company.
1.6

4.15

3.97

1.48

3.1

1.05

6.32

3.93

5.45

0.97

0.52

3.3

2.1

0.58

4.02

4.23

0.08

1.48

1.65

0.72

), are there any differences between the two central offices? Explain.
results and your conclusions if the first value for Central Office II was incorrectly recorded as 27.55 inst

1.6
0.52

4.15
3.3

3.97
2.1

1.48
0.58

3.1
4.02

QUARTILE 1 QUARTILE 3 QUARTILE RANVARINCE

SD
0.96
3.3075
2.3475 2.951656842 1.718038661
0.6
3.4125
2.8125 3.578550263 1.891705649

1.02
3.75

31
69

56
16

22
17

18

mplaints. A large family-held department store selling furniture and flooring, including carpeting, had u

o have a complaint resolved, what would you say? Explain.

74

27

11

19

126

110

ve a complaint resolved, what would you say? Explain.

r than 110 days.

l process consists of underwriting, which includes a review of the application, a medical information bu
56
22
18
16
17

56

22

18

45

48

17

ld you tell him?

represents the time it takes for sheets from a press to be folded, gathered, sewn, tipped on endsheets,

2.33
5.37
5.75
6
6.25
9.17
9.54
9.71
10.04
11.46
12.46
12.62
13.13
13.21
13.71
14.25
14.29
15.41
16.62
25.75

NT A
NT B

11.62

7.29
4.42
5.29
5.41
5.62
7.29
7.5
7.54
7.58
7.96
8.45
8.58

7.5

8.92
9.29
10.5
10.92
11.42
11.46
11.62
16.25
21.62

he telephone company. These problems can be of two types: those that are located inside a central offi

recorded as 27.55 instead of 7.55?

0.53
0.65

0.93
1.92

1.6
0.6

0.8
1.53

1.05
4.23

6.32
0.08

uding carpeting, had undergone a major expansion in the past several years. In particular, the flooring

110

29

61

35

94

31

medical information bureau check, possible requests for additional medical information and medical ex

17

17

91

92

63

50

n, tipped on endsheets, and bound. The following data represent samples of 20 books at each of two pr

7.96

4.42

10.5

7.58

9.29

7.54

ted inside a central office and those located on lines between the central office and the customer's equ

3.93
1.48

5.45
1.65

0.97
0.72

particular, the flooring department had expanded from 2 installation crews to an installation superviso

26

12

165

32

mation and medical exams, and a policy compilation stage where the policy pages are generated and

51

69

16

17

books at each of two production plants and the processing time (operationally defined as the time in da

8.92

5.62

5.29

16.25

10.92

11.46

and the customer's equipment. The following data represent samples of 20 problems reported to two d

n installation supervisor, a measurer, and 15 installation crews. A sample of 50 complaints concerning

29

28

29

26

25

ges are generated and sent to the bank for delivery. The ability to deliver approved policies to custome

efined as the time in days from when the books came off the press to when they were packed in carton

21.62

8.45

8.58

5.41

11.42

lems reported to two different offices of a telephone company and the time to clear these problems (in

complaints concerning carpeting installation was selected during a recent year. The following data rep

14

13

13

10

27

ved policies to customers in a timely manner is critical to the profitability of this service to the bank. Du

y were packed in cartons) for these jobs.

lear these problems (in minutes) from the customers' lines:

The following data represent the number of days between the receipt of the complaint and the resolut

52

30

22

36

26

service to the bank. During a period of 1 month, a random sample of 27 approved policies was selecte

mplaint and the resolution of the complaint.

20

23

33

68

ed policies was selected and the total processing time in days was recorded with the following results:

h the following results: