Fire Risk Forum RiskTOOLS

From Toolbox: Excel Templates

Listed: September 2003
Spreadsheet Templates For Fire Dynamics Calculations
(c) 2003 Frederick W. Mowrer all rights reserved

Author:
Frederick W. Mowrer, Ph.D.
Department of Fire Protection Engineering
University of Maryland at College Park
College Park, MD 20742
This Excel workbook contains a number of templates for
calculating different aspects of building fire dynamics.
For documentation and references see Mowrer; Spreadsheet
Templates for Fire Dynamics Calculations. Listed in the
Fire Risk Forum RiskTOOLS - Reports Section
http://www.fireriskforum.com/risktools/
Notice to Users:
These spreadsheet templates are provided as-is.
No representations or warranties are made regarding their
suitability for a particular application. The author of these templates
has no control over their application and therefore accepts no
responsibility for their use. The author believes the templates
accurately perform the calculations described in the documentation,
but it is the responsibility of the user to confirm that the template is
performing the calculations anticipated by the user. It should be
recognized that the calculations performed by these templates
incorporate certain assumptions and approximations regarding the
chemical and physical processes being modeled. People using
and reviewing calculations performed with these templates should
be familiar with the limitations associated with their use.

ATRIATMP.XLS: Estimate of atrium smoke temperature

INPUT PARAMETERS
HEIGHT (Z)
HRR (Q)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
TEMP RISE (dT)
MAX Q

6 m
5000 kW
60 C
29364 kW

BUOYHEAD.XLS: Buoyant gas head, velocity and flow caused by a smoke layer
INPUT PARAMETERS
ELEVATION DIFFERENCE (Z)
SMOKE TEMPERATURE (Tu)
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (To)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL (dP)
GAS VELOCITY (v)
UNIT MASS FLOW RATE (M")

2 m
200 C
20 C
9.0 Pascals
3.2 m/s
2.38 kg/s/m2

BURNRATE.XLS: Estimate of fuel burning rate history

INPUT PARAMETERS

CALCULATED PARAMETERS

FUEL Polyurethane foam

FUEL DENSITY (p)
25
kg/m3
HEAT OF COMB (dHc)
30
MJ/kg
FUEL QUANTITY (V)
5000
liters
FIRE DIAMETER (D)
3
m
PEAK UNIT HRR (Q")
1000
kW/m2
FIRE GROWTH RATE (k)
0.4
kW/s2

7.07
707.36
3750.00
7069
531

m2
mm
MJ
kW
s

BURNRATE
8000
HRR (kW)

TIME (s) HRR (kW)

0.0
0
106.1
4503
212.2
7069
318.3
7069
424.4
7069
530.5
7069
636.6
2565
742.7
0
848.8
0
954.9
0
1061.0
0

FIRE AREA (Af)

FUEL DEPTH (d)
ENERGY CONTENT (E)
PEAK HRR (Qmax)
BURNOUT TIME (tbo)

6000
4000
2000
0
0.0

500.0
Time (s)

1000.0

1500.0

CJTEMP.XLS: Estimate of temperature rise in unconfined and confined ceiling jets

Version 2. (1/23/97)
INPUT PARAMETERS
HEAT RELEASE RATE(Q)
800 kW
CONVECTIVE FRACTION (Xc)
0.7 CEILING HEIGHT (H)
2.7 m
RADIAL DISTANCE (R)
5.4 m
FIRE LOCATION FACTOR (kLF)
1 ROOM LENGTH (L)
9.15 m
ROOM WIDTH (W)
4.27 m
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
CONVECTIVE HRR (Qc)
560 kW
FLAME HEIGHT (Zfl)
2.9 m
PLUME TEMP. RISE @ CEILING(dTpl)
412 C
UNCONFINED CEILING JET TEMP. RISE (dTcj)
78 C
CONFINED CEILING JET TEMP. RISE (dTcj)
90 C
HOT GAS LAYER TIME (tHGL)
44 s
FIRE LOCATION FACTORS
kLF
FIRE IN OPEN
1
FIRE ALONG WALL
2
FIRE IN CORNER
4

DETACT.XLS: Estimate of the response time of ceiling mounted fire detectors

INPUT PARAMETERS
Calculation reset
Ceiling height (H)
Room width (W)
Radial distance (R)
Ambient temperature (To)
Actuation temperature (Ta)
Rate of rise rating (ROR)
Response time index (RTI)
Fire growth power (n)
Fire growth coefficient (k)
Fire location factor (kLF)

1
3
12
12
20
57
8.3
124
2
0.047
1

Representative t2 coeff.
Slow
Medium
Fast
Ultrafast

k
0.003
0.012
0.047
0.400

Calculation time (s)

0
30
60
90
120
150
180
210
240

CALCULATED PARAMETERS
R/H
4
W/H
4
Temperature factor 0.11906
Velocity factor 0.16379
Calculation time (t) Err:523
Fire HRR (Q) Err:523
Gas temperature (Tg) Err:523
Gas velocity (Ug) Err:523
ROR at detector Err:523
Detector temp (Td) Err:523
Detection trigger Err:523

0 or 1
m
m
m
C
C
C/min
(m-s)1/2
kW/s^n
-

s
kW
C
m/s
C/min
C
Err:523

CALCULATION RESULTS
FT
ROR
Transport lag time (tl)
53
53
Detection time (td) Err:523 Err:523
HRR at detection (Qd) Err:523 Err:523
HRR w/transport lag (Ql+d) Err:523 Err:523
< Press PgDn key for additional results >

HRR Gas temp

0
20
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523
Err:523 Err:523

s
s
kW
kW

Det. temp
20
Err:523
Err:523
Err:523
Err:523
Err:523
Err:523
Err:523
Err:523

DETACT
Gas temp

Det. temp

HRR

25

1
1

20

1
1
1
1

10

0
0

0
0

0
0

50

100

150
TIM E (s)

200

250

300

HRR (k W)

TEM P (C)

15

DETACT
Gas temp

Det. temp

HRR

25

1
1

20

1
1
1
1

10

0
0

0
0

0
0

50

100

150
TIM E (s)

200

250

300

HRR (k W)

TEM P (C)

15

FLAMSPRD.XLS: Calculation of lateral flame spread velocity

INPUT PARAMETERS
SURFACE TEMPERATURE (Ts)
IGNITION TEMPERATURE (Tig)
FLAME SPREAD PARAMETER (PHI/kpc)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
FLAME SPREAD VELOCITY (Vfl)

185 C
385 C
43 K2m/s
0.001075 m/s

REPRESENTATIVE FLAME SPREAD PARAMETER VALUES:

MATERIAL
PHI/kpc
WOOD PANEL (S178M)
43
PLYWOOD, PLAIN (1/4 in)
16
PLYWOOD, PLAIN (1/2 in)
24
PLYWOOD, FR (1/2 in)
*
PARTICLEBOARD, DOUGLAS FIR (1/2 in)
14
PARTICLEBOARD (1/2 in stock)
5
CHIPBOARD (S118M)
11
FIBERBOARD, LOW DENSITY (S119M)
42
FIBER INSULATION BOARD
5
HARDBOARD (1/8 in)
12
HARDBOARD (1/4 in)
2
HARDBOARD (S159M)
18
HARDBOARD (GLOSS PAINT) (1/8 in)
3
HARDBOARD (nitrocellulose paint)
12
GYPSUM BOARD (1/2 in)
32
GYPSUM BOARD, FR (1/2 in)
23
GYPSUM BOARD, WALLPAPER (S142M)
1
PMMA POLYCAST (1.6 mm)
8
PMMA TYPE G (1/2 in)
14
POLYCARBONATE (1.5 mm)
13
POLYURETHANE (S353M)
82
PU FOAM, FLEXIBLE (1 in)
37
PU FOAM, RIGID (1 in)
141
POLYISOCYANURATE (2 in)
201
GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC (2.2 mm)
31
GLASS REINFORCED PLASTIC (1.1 mm)
6
CARPET (acrylic)
24
CARPET (Nylon/Wool blend)
16
CARPET #1 (Wool, stock)
17
CARPET #2 (Wool, untreated)
30
CARPET #2 (Wool, treated)
4

Tig
385
390
390
620
382
412
390
330
355
365
298
372
400
400
565
510
412
278
378
528
280
390
435
445
390
400
300
412
465
435
455

Ts,min
155
170
120
620
210
275
180
90
210
40
170
80
320
180
425
300
240
120
90
455
105
120
215
275
80
365
165
265
450
335
365

FLASHOVR.XLS: Estimates of the HRR needed to cause flashover(F/O)

INPUT PARAMETERS
ROOM LENGTH (L)
ROOM WIDTH (W)
ROOM HEIGHT (H)
OPENING WIDTH (Wo)
OPENING HEIGHT (Ho)
BOUNDARY CONDUCTIVITY (k)
BOUNDARY THICKNESS (d)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
BOUNDARY SURFACE AREA (At)
VENTILATION FACTOR
BABRAUSKAS F/O PREDICTION
MQH F/O PREDICTION
THOMAS F/O PREDICTION

3.7
2.4
2.4
0.76
2.03
0.00048
0.016
45.50
2.20
1649
1057
1198

m
m
m
m
m
kW/m.K
m
m2
m^5/2
kW
kW
kW

FUELDATA.WQ1: Thermophysical and burning rate data for some common fuels
CHEM. FORMULA
C H O N Cl

FUEL
ALKANES
Methane
1 4
Ethane
2 6
Propane
3 8
Butane
4 10
Pentane
5 12
Hexane
6 14
Heptane
7 16
Octane
8 18
Nonane
9 20
Decane
10 22
Kerosene
14 30
Hexadecane
16 34
ALCOHOLS
Methanol
1 4
Ethanol
2 6
Propanol
3 8
Butanol
4 10
Amyl alcohol
5 12
ALKENES
Ethylene
2 4
Propylene
3 6
Butene
4 8
Pentene
5 10
Hexene
6 12
Heptene
7 14
Octene
8 16
ALKYNES and DIENES
Acetylene
2 2
Propyne
3 4
Propadiene
3 4
Butadiene
4 6
Pentadiene
5 8
AROMATICS

MW
16
30
44
58
72
86
100
114
128
142
198
226

1
1
1
1
1

r
17.16
16
15.6
15.38
15.25
15.16
15.1
15.05
15
15
14.91
14.88

rho(l)

m"

dHc

Q"

dHv T(boil) Cp(l)

50.03
47.49
46.36
45.72
44.98
44.74
44.56
44.44
44.33
44.24
44
43.95

3566 0.357
3311 0.335
4501 0.316
0.301
0.295
0.276
1716
0.226

-162
-88.6
-42.2
-0.5
36
68.7
98.4
125.6
150.6
174.1
232
286.7

796 0.017 19.94

794 0.015 26.81
30.68

339 1.101
402 0.837
0.686

64.8
78.5
97.2

2.37
2.43
2.23

34.49

0.501

132

2.9

14.71
14.71
14.71
14.71
14.71
14.71
14.71

47.17
45.79
45.31
44.64
44.44
44.31
44.2

-104
-47.7
-6.2
0.359
30
0.333 63.5
0.317 93.6
0.301 121.3

2.38

26 13.2
40 13.73
40 13.73
54
14
68 14.13

48.22
46.17
46.35
45.51
44.71

-84
-23.3
-34.6
10.8
0.405 44.9

32 6.435
46 8.953
60 10.3
74 11.13
88 11.7
28
42
56
70
84
98
112

573 0.078
650 0.074
675 0.101

820 0.039

2.3
2.33
2.24
2.2
2.2
2.1
2.19

LFL
5.3
3
2.2
1.9
1.4
1.2
1.2
0.8
0.7
0.6
0.6

IDEAL MASS YIELDS

MEASURED YIELDS
OVER VENTILATED
OVER VENTILATED
UNDER VENT.
UFL f(CO2) f(H2O) f(HCl) f(CO2) f(CO) Dm
f(CO) Dm
15
12.5
9.5
8.4
7.8
7.4
6.7
3.2
2.9
5.4
5.6

2.75
2.9333
3
3.0345
3.0556
3.0698
3.08
3.0877
3.0938
3.0986

2.25
1.8
1.6364
1.5517
1.5
1.4651
1.44
1.4211
1.4063
1.3944

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

3.115

1.354

6.7
3.3
2.2
1.4
1.2

36.5 1.375 1.125

19 1.913 1.1739
13.5
2.2
1.2
11.3 2.3784 1.2162
10
2.5 1.2273

2.7
2.1
1.6
1.4

28.6
11.1
9.9
9.7

2.22

2.16
2.18
2.17
2.19

2.21

0.175
2.9
2.85
2.88

0.001
0.005
0.006

0.024
0.081
0.155

2.86
2.84

0.01
0.011

0.19
0.196

0
0
0
0
0

1.3
1.86
2.13

0.001
0.002
0.002

1.2857
1.2857
1.2857
1.2857
1.2857
1.2857
1.2857

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

2.86
2.8

0.013
0.02

0.201
0.229

3.3846 0.6923
3.3
0.9
3.3
0.9
3.2593
1
3.2353 1.0588

0
0
0
0
0

2.57

0.045

0.315

2.41

0.048

0.319

3.1429
3.1429
3.1429
3.1429
3.1429
3.1429
3.1429

0.229

0.195

0.236
0.219
0.168

0.2

FUELDATA.WQ1: Thermophysical and burning rate data for some common fuels
Benzene
6 6
78 13.2 740 0.048 40.14
0.389 80.1
Toluene
7 8
92 13.43
40.52
0.36 110.4
Xylene
8 10
106 13.6 870 0.09 40.82
0.343 140

1.72
1.67
1.72

1.2
1.3
1.1

7.1 3.3846 0.6923

6.8 3.3478 0.7826
7 3.3208 0.8491

0
0
0

2.3

0.065

0.361
0.107

FUELDATA.WQ1: Thermophysical and burning rate data for some common fuels
|::
KETONES
Acetone
3 6 1
58 9.468
28.56
0.501
MEK
4 8 1
72 10.49
31.46
0.434
POLYMERS
Cellulose (pine)
6 10 5
162 5.084
16.12
Melamine
6 6
6
162 6.356
18.52
Nylon 6
6 11 1 1
113
10
29
Polyester
6 6 2
102 8.809
25
Polyethylene
2 4
28 14.71
43.2
Polypropylene
3 6
42 14.71 905 0.018 43.23
Polystyrene
8 8
104 13.2 1050 0.034 39.7
Polyurethane
6.3 7.1 2.1 1
130.3 7.401
22.7
PMMA
5 8 2
100 8.237 1184 0.02 24.88
PVC
2 3
1 62.5 6.04
16.9

56.5
79.6

2.12
2.3
1.16
1.46
1.52
1.75
2.05
2.1
1.4
1.8
1.44
1.05

2.6
1.8

12.8 2.2759
9.5 2.4444

0.931
1

0
0

2.21
2.37

0.003
0.003

0.304

1.6296
1.6296
2.3363
2.4996
3.1429
3.1429
3.3846
2.1274
2.2
1.408

0.5556
0.3333
0.8761
0.5538
1.2857
1.2857
0.6923
0.4904
0.72
0.288

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0.584

1.3

0.004

0.038

2.06
1.65
2.76
2.79
2.33
1.55
2.12
0.46

0.038
0.07
0.024
0.024
0.06
0.01
0.01
0.063

0.23
0.23
0.24
0.335
0.3
0.109
0.4

0.138

0.18

0.189

FUELDATA.WQ1: Thermophysical and burning rate data for some common fuels
|::
STORED COMMODITIES
Q" tg (s)
1. Wood pallets, stacked 1-1/2 ft high (6-12% moisture)
1419 150-310
2. Wood pallets, stacked 5 ft high (6-12% moisture)
3973 90-190
3. Wood pallets, stacked 10 ft high (6-12% moisture)
6810 80-110
4. Wood pallets, stacked 16 ft high (6-12% moisture)
### 75-105
5. Mail bags, filled, stacked 5 ft high
397 190
6. Cartons, compartmented, stacked 15 ft high
1703
60
7. PE letter trays, filled, stacked 5 ft high on cart
8513 180
8. PE trash barrels in cartons, stacked 15 ft high
1986
55
9. PE fiberglass shower stalls in cartons, stacked 15 ft high
1419
85
10. PE bottles packed in item 6
6243
85
11. PE bottles in cartons, stacked 15 ft high
1986
75
12. PU insulation board, rigid foam, stacked 15 ft high
1930
8
13. PS jars packed in item 6
###
55
14. PS tubs nested in cartons, stacked 14 ft high
5391 120
15. PS toy parts in cartons, stacked 15 ft high
2043 125
16. PS insulation board, rigid foam, stacked 14 ft high
3292
6
17. PVC bottles packed in item 6
3405
95
18. PP tubs packed in item 6
4427 100
19. PP & PE film in rolls, stacked 14 ft high
6243
40

FUELDATA.WQ1: Thermophysical and burning rate data for some common fuels
|::
FURNITURE (BABRAUSKAS AND KRASNY, 1985)
STYLE
ID MASS FUEL FRAME
PADDING
FABRIC
INTERLINERm(pk)
Easy chair
C12 18
17
Wood
Cotton
Nylon
19
Easy chair
F22 32
Wood
Cotton (FR) Cotton
25
Easy chair
F23 31
Wood
Cotton (FR) Olefin
42
Easy chair
F27 29
Wood
Mixed
Cotton
58
Easy chair
F28 29
Wood
Mixed
Cotton
42
Easy chair
CO213
12
Wood
Cotton,PU Olefin
13.2
Easy chair
CO314
13
Wood
Cotton,PU Cotton
17.5
Easy chair
CO113
12
Wood
Cotton,PU Cotton
17.5
Easy chair
CO412
11
Wood
PU
Nylon
75.7
Easy chair
C16 19
18
Wood
PU
Nylon
Neoprene
#N/A
Easy chair
F25 28
Wood
PU
Olefin
80
Easy chair
T66 23
Wood
PU,polyester Cotton
27.7
Easy chair
F21 28
Wood
PU(FR)
Olefin
83
Easy chair
F24 28
Wood
PU(FR)
Cotton
46
Easy chair
C13 19
18
Wood
PU
Nylon
Neoprene
15
Easy chair
C14 22
21
Wood
PU
Olefin
Neoprene
13.7
Easy chair
C15 22
21
Wood
PU
Olefin
Neoprene
13.1
Easy chair
T49 16
Wood
PU
Cotton
14.3
Easy chair
F26 19
Wood
PU(FR)
Olefin
61
Loveseat
F33 39
Wood
Mixed
Cotton
75
Loveseat
F31 40
Wood
PU(FR)
Olefin
130
Sofa
F32 52
Wood
PU(FR)
OLefin
145
Loveseat
T57 55
Wood
PU,cotton
PVC
61.9
Office chair
T56 11
Wood
Latex
PVC
3.1
Foam block chair CO917
16
Wood (part) PU, polyesterPU
19.9
Easy chair
CO7 11
11
PS foam
PU
PU
38
Pedestal chair
C10 12
8.6
Rigid PU
PU
PU
15.2
Foam block chair C11 14
14
PU
Nylon
#N/A
Easy chair
F29 14
PP foam
PU
Olefin
72
Easy chair
F30 25
Rigid PU
PU
Olefin
41
Ped. swivel chair CO816
15
Molded PE PU
PVC
112
Bean bag chair
CO57.3
7.3
PS
PVC
22.2
Foam back chair CO620
20
PU
Acrylic
151
Wait. room chair T50 17
Metal
Cotton
PVC
#N/A

Q(pk)
290
370
700
920
730
800
460
260
1350
180
1990
640
1970
700
230
220
210
210
810
940
2890
3120
1100
80
460
960
240
810
1950
1060
830
370
2480
<10

FUELDATA.WQ1: Thermophysical and burning rate data for some common fuels
Wait. room chair T53 16
1.9
Metal
PU
PVC
Loveseat
T54 27
5.8
Metal
PU
PVC
Stack chairs (4)
T75 7.5 (x4) 2.6
Metal
PU
PVC
-

13.1
19.9
7.2

270
370
160

FUELDATA.WQ1: Thermophysical and burning rate data for some common fuels
|::
CHARACTERISTICS OF TYPICAL FURNISHINGS AS IGNITION SOURCES (BABRAUSKAS AND KRASNY, 1985)
ITEM
MASS Qtot (MJ)
Qmax (kW) COMMENT
Waste paper baskets
0.73-1. 0.7-7.3
4-18
Curtains, cotton velvet
1.9
24
160-240
Curtains, acrylic/cotton
1.4
15-16
130-150
TV sets
27-33 145-150
120-290
Christmas trees, dry - 6 ft.
6.5-7.4 11-41
500-650
CHARACTERISTICS OF IGNITION SOURCES (BABRAUSKAS AND KRASNY, 1985)
ITEM
Mass (g)
Q (kW) (typ.) Burn time (s) COMMENT
Cigarette
1.1
0.005
1200
Not puffed
Methenamine pill
0.15
0.045
90
Used for carpet "pill" test
Match, wooden
0.08
20-30
Laid on solid surface
Wood cribs (BS 5852 Part 2)
No. 4
8.5
1
190
No. 5
17
1.9
200
No. 6
60
2.6
190
No. 7
126
6.4
350
Crumpled brown lunch bag
6
1.2
80
Crumpled wax paper (tight)
4.5
1.8
25
Crumpled wax paper (loose)
4.5
5.3
20
Folded double-sheet newspaper
22
4
100
Bottom ignition
Crumpled double-sheet newspaper
22
7.4
40
Top ignition
Crumpled double-sheet newspaper
22
17
20
Bottom ignition
Polyethylene wastebasket
285
50
200
Filled with 12 milk cartons (390 g)
Plastic trash bags filled with trash
1.2-14
120-350
200
Depends on packing density

GASCONQS.XLS: Estimate of gas species concentrations under quasi-steady fire conditions

INPUT PARAMETERS
FUEL FLOW RATE (mf)
0.01 kg/s
FUEL HEAT OF COMB. (dHc)
44 MJ/kg
CO2 YIELD FACTOR (fCO2)
2.7 g/g fuel
CO YIELD FACTOR (fCO)
0.1 g/g fuel
H20 YIELD FACTOR (fH2O)
1.6 g/g fuel
HCl YIELD FACTOR (fHCl)
0 g/g fuel
AIR FLOW RATE (ma)
0.4 kg/s
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
FLOW EQUIVALENCE RATIO (PHI) 0.3666667 OVERVENTILATED
FIRE HEAT RELEASE RATE (Q)
440 kW - FUEL CONTROLLED
FUEL CONSUMPTION RATE (mb)
0.01 kg/s
EXCESS FUEL FLOW RATE (mex)
0 kg/s
OXYGEN USE RATE (mO2) 0.0341721 kg/s
CALCULATION RESULTS
SPECIES
N2
O2
CO2
CO
SPECIES MASS FRACTIONS (Ys)
0.748
0.144
0.066
0.002
SPECIES FLOW RATES (kg/s)
0.307
0.059
0.027
0.001

H2O
0.039
0.016

HCl
0.000
0.000

TUHC
0.000
0.000

IGNTIME.XLS: Estimate of the time to ignite a thermally thick solid exposed to a constant heat flux
INPUT PARAMETERS
THERMAL INERTIA OF MATERIAL (kpc)
IGNITION TEMPERATURE (Tig)
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (To)
EXPOSURE HEAT FLUX (q")
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
IGNITION TIME (tig)
ENERGY INPUT FOR IGNITION (E")

0.28
350
20
50

(kW/m2-K)2/s
C
C
kW/m2

10
479

s
kJ/m2

LAYDSCNT.XLS: Smoke layer descent rate due to entrainment only

INPUT PARAMETERS
ROOM AREA (A)
CEILING HEIGHT (H)
FIRE HEAT RELEASE RATE (Q)
MASS ENTRAIN. COEFF (km)
CALCULATION TIME (t)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
FILLING TIME CONSTANT (tau)
SMOKE LAYER DEPTH (Zu)

400
7.6
1000
0.076
60

m2
m
kW

163
2.13

s
m

TIME
0
60
120
180
240
300
360
420
480

Zu
0.0
2.1
3.4
4.3
4.9
5.3
5.6
5.9
6.1

Zl
7.6
5.5
4.2
3.3
2.7
2.3
2.0
1.7
1.5

LAYERTMP.XLS: Estimate of upper layer temperature using modified MQH correlation

INPUT PARAMETERS
ROOM LENGTH (L)
3.7
m
ROOM WIDTH (W)
2.4
m
ROOM HEIGHT (H)
2.4
m
OPENING WIDTH (Wo)
0.76
m
OPENING HEIGHT (Ho)
2.03
m
BOUNDARY CONDUCTIVITY (k) 0.00017 kW/m.K
BOUNDARY DENSITY (p)
960
kg/m3
BOUNDARY SPEC. HEAT (cp)
1.1
kJ/kg.K
BOUNDARY THICKNESS (d) 0.0125 m
FIRE HRR (Q)
40
kW
FIRE LOCATION FACTOR (kLF)
4
CALCULATION TIME (t)
300
s
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
HEAT TRANSFER COEFF (hk) 0.0244622 kW/m2.K
BOUNDARY AREA (At)
47.04
m2
VENTILATION FACTOR
2.20
m^5/2
TEMPERATURE RISE (dT)
93
C

LINEFIRE.XLS: Estimate of the mass balance for a compartment with a single wall opening and a line fire
INPUT PARAMETERS
CALCULATION RESET
FIRE HRR (Q)
CONVECTIVE FRACTION (Xc)
FIRE HEIGHT (Hf)
FIRE LENGTH (L)
FIRE LOCATION FACTOR (kLF)
OPENING HEIGHT (Ho)
OPENING WIDTH (Wo)
OPENING BASE HEIGHT (Hb)
AMBIENT TEMP (Tl)
HEAT LOSS FRACTION (Xl)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
VENT. FACTOR (AoHo1/2)
VIRTUAL ORIGIN (Zo)
EFF. FLAME HEIGHT (Zfl)
LAYER HEIGHT ABOVE FIRE (Z)
DISCONTINUITY HEIGHT (Hd)
NEUTRAL PLANE HEIGHT (Hn)
SMOKE LAYER TEMP. (Tu)
SMOKE LAYER TEMP. (Tu)

1
800
0.7
0.3
1.5
1
2.44
2.44
0
293
0.7

0 or 1
kW
m
m

9.2998
0
2.0863
1.5609
1.8609
1.8275
460
187

m5/2
m
m
m
m
m
K
C

UL/SNL EXP 1

m
m
m
K
TEMP. FACTOR
MDOT FACTOR
dme/dz
dmi/dz
FLOW RATE OUT VENT (me)
PLUME FLOW RATE (mi)
PLUME EQUIV. RATIO (PHI)

2.1281
5.1714
-7.6529
0.8965
1.3993
1.3993
0.1906

kg/s/m
kg/s/m
kg/s
kg/s
-

MASSBAL.XLS: Estimate of the mass flow rate for a compartment with a single wall opening
INPUT PARAMETERS
CALCULATION RESET
FIRE HRR (Q)
CONVECTIVE FRACTION (Xc)
FIRE HEIGHT (Hf)
FIRE DIAMETER (D)
FIRE LOCATION FACTOR (kLF)
OPENING HEIGHT (Ho)
OPENING WIDTH (Wo)
OPENING BASE HEIGHT (Hb)
AMBIENT TEMP (Tl)
HEAT LOSS FRACTION (Xl)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
VENT. FACTOR (AoHo1/2)
VIRTUAL ORIGIN (Zo)
EFF. FLAME HEIGHT (Zfl)
LAYER HEIGHT ABOVE FIRE (Z)
DISCONTINUITY HEIGHT (Hd)
NEUTRAL PLANE HEIGHT (Hn)
SMOKE LAYER TEMP. (Tu)
SMOKE LAYER TEMP. (Tu)

1
800
0.7
0.3
0.3
2
2.44
2.44
0
298
0.7

0 or 1
kW
m
m

9.2998
1.1548
3.9077
1.608
1.908
1.8712
482
209

m5/2
m
m
m
m
m
K
C

m
m
m
K
TEMP. FACTOR
MDOT FACTOR
dme/dz
dmi/dz
FLOW RATE OUT VENT (me)
PLUME FLOW RATE (mi)
PLUME EQUIV. RATIO (PHI)

2.1504
5.1378
-7.5128
0.7739
1.2443
1.2443
0.2143

kg/s/m
kg/s/m
kg/s
kg/s
-

MECHVENT.XLS: Estimate of fire conditions in a mechanically ventilated space

INPUT PARAMETERS
SMOKE EXTRACTION RATE (Vext)
AIR INJECTION RATE (Vinj)
FIRE HEAT RELEASE RATE (Q)
HEAT LOSS FACTOR (Xl)
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (To)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
NET HEAT RELEASE RATE (Qnet)
GAS EXPANSION RATE (Vexp)
EXTRACTION TEMP RISE (dText)
INJECTION TEMP RISE (dTinj)
EXTRACTION FLOW RATE (me)
INJECTION FLOW RATE (mi)
EXTRACTION MAX HRR (Qmax)
INJECTION MAX HRR (Qmax)

1
0
1000
0.75
20

m3/s
m3/s
kW
C

250
0.708215
711.165
0
0.351536
0
1054.608
0

kW
m3/s
C
C
kg/s
kg/s
kW
kW

PLUMEFIL.XLS: Estimate of the volumetric rate of smoke flow in a plume

INPUT PARAMETERS
HEIGHT (Z)
FIRE HRR (Q)
CONVECTIVE FRACTION (Xc)
HEAT LOSS FRACTION (Xl)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
EXPANSION RATE (Vexp)
ENTRAINMENT RATE (Vent)
TOTAL SMOKE FLOW RATE (Vtot)

3
1000
0.7
0.8

m
kW
-

0.6
3.5
4.1

m3/s
m3/s
m3/s

PLUMETMP.XLS: Estimate of temperature rise in a fire plume

INPUT PARAMETERS
FIRE HEAT RELEASE RATE(Q)
CONVECTIVE FRACTION (Xc)
HEIGHT ABOVE FIRE (Z)
FIRE LOCATION FACTOR (kLF)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
CONVECTIVE HRR (Qc)
FLAME HEIGHT (Zfl)
PLUME TEMPERATURE RISE (dTpl)
FIRE LOCATION FACTORS
FIRE IN OPEN
FIRE ALONG WALL
FIRE IN CORNER

500
0.7
5
1

kW
m
-

350
2.4
95

kW
m
C

kLF
1
2
4

RADIGN.XLS: Radiant ignition of a near fuel

INPUT PARAMETERS
SEPARATION DISTANCE (d)
MIN. IGNITION HEAT FLUX (qig)
RADIATIVE FRACTION (Xr)
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
RADIANT HRR FOR IGNITION (Qr)
TOTAL HRR FOR IGNITION (Q)

2
20
0.35

m
kW/m2
-

908
2594

kW
kW

MINIMUM IGNITION HEAT FLUXES

EASILY IGNITED
MODERATE EASE OF IGNITION
DIFFICULT TO IGNITE

qig
10
20
30

UNITS
kW/m2
kW/m2
kW/m2

ROOFVENT.XLS: Smoke flow through a roof vent

INPUT PARAMETERS
SMOKE LAYER DEPTH (h)
2
SMOKE TEMPERATURE (Tu) 300
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (Tl)
20
ROOF VENT AREA (Av)
1
VENT DISCHARGE COEFF. (Cd) 0.65
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
PRESSURE DIFFERENTIAL (dP) 11.5
GAS VELOCITY (v) 4.4
VOLUMETRIC FLOW RATE (V) 2.87
MASS FLOW RATE (m) 1.76996

m
C
C
m2
Pascals
m/s
m3/s
kg/s

STACK.XLS: Smoke flow rate through vents under influence of stack effect and buoyancy
INPUT PARAMETERS
HEIGHT BETWEEN OPENINGS (H)
6
m
SMOKE LAYER HEIGHT (Hd)
3
m
INLET AREA (Ai)
1
m2
INLET COEFFICIENT (Ci) 0.65 OUTLET AREA (Ao)
1
m2
OUTLET COEFFICIENT (Co) 0.65 AMBIENT OUTSIDE TEMP (To)
30
C
AMBIENT INSIDE TEMP (Tl)
20
C
SMOKE LAYER TEMP (Tu) 200 C
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
TEMP RATIO 1 (To/Tl) 1.03413 TEMP RATIO 2 (To/Tu) 0.64059 MASS FLOW RATE (m) 1.33 kg/s

TEMPRISE.XLS: Estimate of the average temperature rise in a closed room fire

INPUT PARAMETERS
AMBIENT TEMPERATURE (To)
20
C
ROOM AREA (A)
0.36
m2
CEILING HEIGHT ABOVE FUEL (H)
0.55
m
FIRE HEAT RELEASE RATE (Q)
1.5
kW
BURNING DURATION (tbo)
300
s
HEAT LOSS FACTOR (Xl)
0.85
MIN. OXYGEN CONC.(%O2)
13
vol%
CALCULATED PARAMETERS
NET ENERGY RELEASED (Qnet)
67.5
kJ
AVG TEMPERATURE RISE (dT)
477
C
MAX. O2 FRACTION (XO2) 0.380952
MAX. NET ENERGY RELEASE (Qmax) 40.89361 kJ
MAX TEMPERATURE RISE (dTmax)
233
C

THERMPRP.XLS: Thermal properties of boundary materials

ID

MATERIAL

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15

Aluminum (pure)
Concrete
Aerated concrete
Brick
Concrete block
Cement-asbestos board
Calcium silicate board
Alumina silicate block
Gypsum board
Plaster board
Plywood
Chipboard
Fiber insulation board
Glass fiber insulation
Expanded polystyrene

k
[kW/m.K]
2.06E-1
1.60E-3
2.60E-4
8.00E-4
7.30E-4
1.40E-4
1.25E-4
1.40E-4
1.70E-4
1.60E-4
1.20E-4
1.50E-4
5.30E-5
3.70E-5
3.40E-5

p
[kg/m3]
2710
2400
500
2600
1900
658
700
260
960
950
540
800
240
60
20

cp
[kJ/kg.K]
0.895
0.75
0.96
0.8
0.84
1.06
1.12
1
1.1
0.84
2.5
1.25
1.25
0.8
1.5

a
[m2/s]
8.49E-5
8.89E-7
5.42E-7
3.85E-7
4.57E-7
2.01E-7
1.59E-7
5.38E-7
1.61E-7
2.01E-7
8.89E-8
1.50E-7
1.77E-7
7.71E-7
1.13E-6

kpc
5.00E+2
2.88E+0
1.25E-1
1.66E+0
1.17E+0
9.76E-2
9.80E-2
3.64E-2
1.80E-1
1.28E-1
1.62E-1
1.50E-1
1.59E-2
1.78E-3
1.02E-3