Wind Load on Saudi Arabia according to U B C 1997

Design Wind Pressure in psf (P)

P = Ce Cq qs Iw
a. qs
Wind stagnation pressure in psf at height of 33' (10 meter) above the ground .
qs = 0.00256 V2
Where V = Wind speed in mph

Basic Wind Speed

Pressure qs

mph
mps
psf
kg/m2

70
31
12.6
61.5

80
36
16.4
80.1

90
40
20.8
101.6

100
45
25.6
125.0

110
49
31
151.4

120
54
36.9
180.2

130
58
43.3
211.4

By / Eng Khalid Omar Hanafy

flykoh@hotmail.com

b. Iw
Importance factor
x Essential facilities and hazardous facilities are designed to withstand higher forces
by setting Iw = 1.15, which is approximately equivalent to a 100 year recurrence
interval.
x Otherwise, Iw = 1.0

C. Ce
Combined height, exposure, gust coefficient
Wind pressure increases with building height:
x For the Windward wall , UBC uses stepped pressure diagram
x For leeward wall, pressure taken as constant over the full wall height and is
calculated using the mean roof height for CE determination.

Height Above Average Level of Adjoining Ground

feet

meters

0 - 15
20
25
30
40
60
80
100
120
160
200
300
400

0 - 4.6
6.1
7.6
9.1
12.2
18.3
24.4
30.5
36.6
48.8
61.0
91.4
121.9

Exposure D

Exposure C

Exposure B

1.39
1.45
1.5
1.54
1.62
1.73
1.81
1.88
1.93
2.02
2.1
2.23
2.34

1.06
1.13
1.19
1.23
1.31
1.43
1.53
1.61
1.67
1.79
1.87
2.05
2.19

0.62
0.67
0.72
0.76
0.84
0.95
1.04
1.13
1.2
1.31
1.42
1.63
1.8

B - Urban, suburban, closely spaced obstruction the size of single - family residences.
C - Open country and grasslands that are generally flat.
D - Unobstructed flat terrain facing a large body of water extending inland 1/4 mile or ten times building
height, whichever is greater.

By / Eng Khalid Omar Hanafy

flykoh@hotmail.com

C. Cq
Pressure Coefficient
Description
Walls

Roofs

Cq Factor

Windward wall

0.8 inward

Leeward wall

0.5 outward

Wind perpendicular to ridge Leeward roof or flat roof

0.7 outward

Windward roof

0.7 outward

less than 2:12 (16.7%)

0.9 outward or 0.3 inward

Slope 2:12 (16.7%) to less than 9:12 (75%)

0.4 inward

Slope 9:12 (75%) to 12:12 (100%)

0.7 inward

Slope > 12:12 (100%)

0.7 outward

Using Etabs 2000,SAP 2000 to generate Wind load

Define > Static load Cases

Add wind case and select UBC 97 then click modify lateral load
Select to manually add wind Coefficient
(Cq) on shell and dummy element
Height of wind affection
Wind speed in jeddah
Wind speed in jeddah
B for urban .
Importance factor

By / Eng Khalid Omar Hanafy

flykoh@hotmail.com