DRUG

NTG
PATCH

DOSAGE
5mg
On
anterior
chest wall
Once a
day

MECHANISM OF
ACTION

SPECIFIC
INDICATION

Causes relaxation
of vascular
smooth muscle,
and consequent
dilatation of
peripheral arteries
and veins,
especially the
latter.

To prevent
chest
pain/angina
with a certain
heart
condition like
coronary
artery
disease.

Dilatation of the
veins promotes
peripheral pooling
of blood and
decreases
venous return to
the heart, thereby
reducing left
ventricular enddiastolic pressure
and pulmonary
capillary wedge
pressure.

CONTRAINDICATI
ON
Hypersensitive to
nitroglycerin or any
ingredients of the
medication

ADVERSE
EFFECT

Dizziness,
orthostatic
hypotension,
irregular
heartbeat,
Allergic to the
flushing of
adhesive used in
the face and
nitroglycerin patches neck,
headache,
Hypotensive
nausea,
vomiting,
reddened
skin where
the patch
was applied

NURSING
PRECAUTION

Dilatation of the
coronary arteries

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Remove the
patch from its
pouch, and
peel off the
protective clear
liner as
directed.
Apply each
new patch to a
different area of
skin to avoid
skin irritation.
Remove if
blood pressure
is greater than
Page | 35

also occurs.

Aspirin

80mg/tab
1 tab
once a
day

Exhibits
antipyretic, antiinflammatory and
analgesic effects.
The antipyretic
effect is due to an
action on the
hypothalamus,
resulting in heat
loss by
vasodilation of
peripheral blood
vessels.
Anti-inflammatory
effects are
mediated by a
decrease in
prostaglandin
synthesis.

For pain
To prevent
blood
coagulation
due to
hypertension

Hypersensitive to
salicylates
Severe anemia
History of blood
coagulation defects

Nausea,
epigastric
discomfort,
bronchospas
m
,skin rashes,
urticaria,
prolongation
of bleeding
time

or equal to
90/60 mmHg
Do not
suddenly stop
using this
medication
without
consulting.
Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Monitor CBC
Determine
history of
bleeding
tendencies
Administer with
food or after
meal to avoid
GI upset
Page | 36

Ensure patient
to not crush
and chew
tablets to
prevent losing
drugs
effectivity

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Take the drug
before meals.
Swallow the
capsules
whole; do not
chew, open, or
crush capsules.

It also decreases
platelet
aggregation by
blocking ADP
receptors on
platelets,
preventing
clumping of
platelets.
Omeprazole
(Omestop)

40mg/cap
1 cap
Once a
day

A gastric acidTo treat acid

pump inhibitor
reflux and
which suppresses ulcers.
gastric acid
secretion by
specific inhibition
of the hydrogenpotassium ATP as
enzyme system at
the secretory
surface of the
gastric parietal
cells thus
blocking the final
step of acid
production.

Contraindicated with
hypersensitivity to
Omeprazole.

Constipation,
nausea,
vomiting,
headache,
rash, itching,
dizziness,
muscle
spasms,
diarrhea,
stomach pain

Page | 37

Clopidogrel
(Plavix)

75mg/tab
1 tab
Once a
day

Selectively
inhibits the
binding of
adenosine
diphosphate to its
platelet receptor
and the
subsequent ADPmediated
activation of the
glycoprotein
GPIIb/IIIa
complex, thereby
inhibiting platelet
aggregation.

For patients
with non-STsegment
elevation
Acute
Coronary
Syndrome/
unstable
angina

Hypersensitivity to
the medication
Active bleeding

Bleeding,
urticaria,
hypotension,
nausea,
vomiting

Enoxaparin
(Clexane)

0.4 cc
SQ

Enoxaparin is a
low molecular

Prophylaxis
of Ischemic

Hypersensitivity to
medication

Hemorrhage

Have regular
medical followup visits.
Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Administer with
food or after
meal to avoid
GI upset
Ensure patient
to not crush
and chew
tablets to
prevent losing
drugs
effectivity
Check and
verify
Page | 38

Every 12
hours

weight heparin
which has
antithrombotic
properties.

complication
of Unstable
Angina

Active bleeding

Lactulose
(Lilac)

15 cc
Once a
day
At hours
of sleep

Broken down
primarily to lactic
acid, and also to
small amounts of
formic and acetic
acids, by the
action of colonic
bacteria, which
results in an
increase in
osmotic pressure
and slight
acidification of the
colonic contents.
This in turn
causes an
increase in stool
water content and
softens the stool.

For the
treatment of
constipation.
Increases the
number of
bowel
movements
per day and
the number of
days on
which bowel
movements
occur.

Patients who require

a low galactose diet.

Flatulence,
intestinal
cramps,
diarrhea,
dehydration,
hypokalemia,
hypernatremi
anausea ,
vomiting

physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Routinely
select site for
injection
Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Do not
administer if
with bowel
movement of
more than 3x
per day or with
watery stools
Page | 39

Atorvastatin
(Lipitor)

Micardis
Plus

80mg/tab
1 tab
Once a
day

40/12.5
mg
1 tab
Twice a
day

Selective,
competitive
inhibitor of HMGCoA reductase,
the rate limiting
enzyme that
converts 3hydroxy-3methylglutarylcoenzyme A to
mevalonate
Blocks the
vasoconstrictor
and aldosterone
secreting effects
of angiotensin II
by selectively
blocking the
binding of
angiotensin II to
the AT1 receptor
in many tissues,
such as vascular
smooth muscle
and the adrenal
gland.
Blockade of the

Prevention of
Cardiovascul
ar Disease

Active liver disease

Hypersensitivity to
any component of
this medication.

Hyperlipidemi
a

Urticaria,
flatulence,
musculoskele
tal pain,
abdominal
discomfort

Hypertension
Cardiovascul
ar risk
reduction

hypersensitivity to
telmisartan or any
other component of
this product

headache,
dizziness,
asthenia,
coughing,
nausea,
fatigue,
weakness,
edema

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Assess
patients blood
pressure before
administering
Administer with
Page | 40

angiotensin II
receptor inhibits
the negative
regulatory
feedback of
angiotensin II on
renin secretion.
K-Lyte

1 tab
Three
times
a day
after
meals for
six doses
only

A principal
intracellular cation
that is essential
for the
maintenance of
intracellular
isotonicity,
transmission of
nerve impulses,
contraction of
cardiac, skeletal,
and smooth
muscles,
maintenance of
normal kidney
function, and for
enzyme activity.
It plays a
prominent role in
both formation
and correction of

food or after
meal to avoid
GI upset

Treats and
prevents low
amounts of
potassium in
the blood

Hyperkalemia
Chronic renal
disease

GI discomfort
Nausea
Vomiting
Diarrhea

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Administer
medication
after meals or
with food to
prevent GI
upset
Monitor
patients closely
with cardiac
monitor.
Page | 41

imbalances in
acidbase
metabolism.

Caltrate
Plus

1 tab
Once a
day
After
breakfast

Reduces total
acid load in GI
tract, elevates
gastric pH to
reduce pepsin
activity.

Calcium
supplement

Hypercalcemia
Renal diseases

GI
discomfort,
hypercalcemi
a,
hypercalciuri
a.

Monitor the
serum
potassium and
electrolytes of
the patient

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Record amount
and
consistency of
stools
Monitor calcium
level-WOF
evidence of
hyercalcemia
(Nausea,
vomiting,
headache,
confusion and

Page | 42

anorexia)
Clonidine
(Catapres)

Paracetamo
l(Biogesic)

150
mcg/tab
1 tab
Sublingual
For SBP
greater
than or
equal to
160 as
needed

500
mg/tab
1 tab
Every 4
hours as

Stimulates alphaadrenoreceptors
in the brain stem,
resulting in
reduced
sympathetic
outflow from the
central nervous
system and a
decrease in
peripheral
resistance, renal
vascular
resistance, heart
rate, and blood
pressure.

Hypertension

The mechanism
of action is
associated with
inhibition of
prostaglandin

Headache

Hypersensitive to
the medication

Nausea,
vomiting,
rashes,
diarrhea,
hypotension

Renal Insufficiency
Anemia

Minimal GI
upset,
Urticaria,
Jaundice,
Drowsiness,

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Assess
patients blood
pressure before
administering
Administer with
food or after
meal to avoid
GI upset

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
Page | 43

needed
for
headache

synthesis thus
enhancing heat
transfer.

liver damage

Piperacillin+
Tazobactam
(Piptaz)

4.5 gm IV
Every 8
hours
ANST (-)

It is similar to that Treatment of

of other penicillin. pneumonia or
Interferes with the infections
bacterial cell wall
synthesis
promoting loss of
membrane

Hypersensitivity to
penicillins,
cephalosphorins,

headache,

diarrhea,
nausea,
vomiting,
hypersensitivi
ty reactions
,rash, pruritus

rights of
medication
administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Take with food
or milk to
minimize GI
upset.
Report N&V.
cyanosis,
shortness of
breath and
abdominal pain
as these are
signs of toxicity.

Check and
verify
physicians
order
Observe 12
rights of
medication
Page | 44

integrity and
leads to death of
the organism

administration
Assess if
allergic to
medication
Discontinue
drug and notify
physician if
allergic
response
noted.

Page | 45