4A01 FS 01e

1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown (I)
1 Quadratic Equations in One

Unknown (I)
12. x 2 2ax x 2a
x ( x 2a ) ( x 2a )
( x 2a)( x 1)
Review Exercise 1 (p. 1.4)

1.
13. (2 x 1) 2 x 2
(2 x 1 x)(2 x 1 x)
( 3x 2 4 x) ( x 3)
(3x 1)( x 1)
3x 2 4 x x 3
3x 2 3x 3
2.
14. x 2 3x 18
( x 6)( x 3)
( x 2 2 x 5) ( x 2 x 2)
x 2 2x 5 x 2 x 2
x 3
3.
15. 2 x 2 7 x 15
( x 5)(2 x 3)
( x 2) ( x 2 3x 4) ( x 2 1)
16. 6 x 2 14x 4
2(3x 2 7 x 2)
x 2 x 2 3x 4 x 2 1
4x 1
4.
2( x 2)(3x 1)
( x 2 2 x 6) ( x 6 x 2 ) (7 5 x 4 x 2 )
17. 4( x 5) 2 (3 x 2) 2
x 2 2 x 6 x 6 x 2 7 5x 4 x 2
[2( x 5)]2 (3x 2) 2
x 2 8 x 13
5.
[2( x 5) (3x 2)][2( x 5) (3x 2)]

(5 x 12)( x 8)
(5 x 12)( x 8)
x 2 5 x(2 x 3)
x 2 10 x 2 15 x
9 x 2 15 x
6.
18. (3x 4)(4 x 3) ( x 3)(4 x 3)

(4 x 3)[(3x 4) ( x 3)]
(2 x 1)( x 2) ( x 3)
(4 x 3)(2 x 7)
2x 2 x 4x 2 x 3
2x 2 6x 5
19. 4 x 3 8x 2 4 x
4 x( x 2 2 x 1)
7.
(3 x) x( x 1)
2
4 x( x 1) 2
9 6x x x x
5x 9
2
8.
20. xy 2 y 3 x 2 y x3
y 2 ( x y ) x 2 ( y x)
( x 4)(2 x 7) ( x 4)(2 x 7)
y 2 ( x y) x 2 ( x y)
2 x 2 8 x 7 x 28 (2 x 2 8 x 7 x 28)
( x y )( y 2 x 2 )
2 x 2 x 28 2 x 2 15 x 28
14 x 56
9.
( x y )( x y )( y x) (or ( x y ) 2 ( x y ))
Lets Discuss
4 x 2 20 x 25
(2 x) 2 2(2 x)(5) 52
Lets Discuss (p. 1.23)

Angels method:
1 2
x x 1
5
1 2
x x 1 0
5
(2 x 5) 2
10. x 2 13x 36
( x 4)( x 9)
11.
2 x 2 x( x 3)
2 x 2 x 2 3x
3x 2 3x
3x( x 1)
NSS Mathematics in Action 4A Full Solutions

Using the quadratic formula,
(b) When x = 6,
L.H.S. = (6) 2 6(6) 9 = 9
R.H.S. = 0
Since L.H.S. R.H.S., 6 is not a root of the equation.
(c) When x = 3 ,
L.H.S. = (3) 2 6(3) 9 = 36
R.H.S. = 0
1
(1) (1) 2 4 (1)
5
x
1
2
5
1
5
2
5
5
5
2
2
5 5
5 5
or
2
2
2.
Kens method:
1 2
x x 1
5
3
3
L.H.S. = 2 5 12 15
2
2
R.H.S. = 0
3
Since L.H.S. R.H.S.,
is not a root of the
2
equation.
3
(c) When x ,
2
x2 5x 5 0
x
(5) (5) 2 4(1)(5)

2(1)
5 5
2
5 5
5 5
or
2
2
2x 2 5x 12 0
(a) When x = 4,
L.H.S. = 2(4) 2 5(4) 12 = 0
R.H.S. = 0
Since L.H.S. = R.H.S., 4 is a root of the equation.
3
(b) When x ,
2
3
3
L.H.S. = 2 5 12 0
2
2
R.H.S. = 0
3
Since L.H.S. = R.H.S.,
is a root of the equation.
2
Lets Discuss (p. 1.30)

The solution obtained by using the factor method is the exact
value of the root. However, the solution obtained by using the
graphical method is an approximation only.
Classwork (p. 1.26)

(a) The x-intercepts of the graph are 2.5 and 1.
(b) The roots of the equation 2 x2 3x 5 0 are 2.5 and 1.
Classwork
Quick Practice
Classwork (p. 1.8)

(a)
Integer
24, 0, 100, 8
(b)
Natural number
24, 100
(c)
Negative integer
(d)
Terminating decimal
6.3
(e)
Recurring decimal
1.2 5 , 5.2
(f)
Fraction
1 2
,
5 3
(g)
Irrational number
Quick Practice 1.1 (p. 1.6)

(a) Let
x 0.7 ,
x 0.777 777 (1 )
10 x 7.777 777 (2)
(2) (1) : 9 x 7
7
x
9
7
0.7
9
i.e.
x 0.3 7 ,
i.e.
x 0.373 737 ( 3)
100 x 37.373 737 (4)
(4) (3) : 99 x 37
37
x
99
37
0.3 7
99
(b) Let
2 , 31
Classwork (p. 1.11)

1. x 2 6 x 9 0
(a) When x = 3,
L.H.S. = (3) 2 6(3) 9 = 0
R.H.S. = 0
x 0.54 ,
i.e.
x 0.544 444 ( 5)
10 x 5.444 444 (6)
(6) (5) : 9 x 4.9
49
x
90
49
0.54
90

(a) x(7 x 4) 3x 2
(c) Let
7 x 2 4 x 3x 2
4x2 4x 0
4 x( x 1) 0
x 0 or
x 1
(b)

(a)
6x x 2 2
x2 6x 2 0
a 1, b 6, c 2
x( x 5) 3
(b)
x 1 0
x 2 5x 3
5( x 3) (2 x 1)( x 3)
5( x 3) (2 x 1)( x 3) 0
( x 3)5 (2 x 1) 0
( x 3)(2 x 4) 0
x 3 0 or 2 x 4 0
x 3 or
x2

(a)
36 x 2 12 x 1 0
x 2 5x 3 0
a 1, b 5, c 3
( x 3) 2 4 x
(6 x) 2 2(6 x)(1) 12 0
(6 x 1)(6 x 1) 0
6x 1 0
x 6 x 9 4 x
(c)
2
x 2x 9 0
a 1, b 2, c 9
2
(d) (2 x 1)(2 x 1) 3 x 1
(2 x) 2 1 3x 1
(b)
1
6
1
6
( x 7) 2 6( x 7) 9 0
x40
or
x 4 or
x40
x 4
x = 4
25 x 2 4 0
(a)
x5 0
x5
(5 x) 2 2 2 0
(5 x 2)(5 x 2) 0
5x 2 0
2x 2 x 3 0
( x 1)(2 x 3) 0
x 1 0
2
x
5
or 2 x 3 0
3
x 1 or
x
2
or
or
5x 2 0
2
x
5
(b) 16( x 2) 2 49 0
49
( x 2) 2
16
3x 2 5 2 x
(c)
( x 4)( x 4) 0

(a) x 2 9 x 20 0
(b)
or
( x 7) 3( x 7) 3 0
4 x 2 3x 0
a 4, b 3, c 0
or
or
6x 1 0
( x 7) 2 2( x 7)(3) 32 0
4 x 2 3x
( x 4)( x 5) 0
x40
x4
1
6
or
3x 2 x 5 0
( x 1)(3 x 5) 0
x 1 0
2
49
49
or
16
16
7
7
x 2 or 2
4
4
15
1
or
4
4
x2
or 3 x 5 0
5
x 1 or
x
3


(a) Using the quadratic formula,
(5) (5) 4(2)(2)

2(2)
2
5 9
4
53
(or 3 5 )
( x 1) 2 (2 x 1)(2 x 1)
(b)
x 2 2 x 1 (2 x) 2 12
3x 2 2 x 2 0
1
2
(b) Using the quadratic formula,

12 12 4(36)(1)
2(36)
2
2(1)
6 20
2 or
(6) (6) 2 4(1)(4)
12 0
72
12
72
1
(2) (2) 2 4(3)(2)

2(3)
2 28
6
1 7
or

(a)
x
3
2
y
21
5
1
3
0
3
1
5
2
21
(b)
(c) Using the quadratic formula,

x
3 32 4(5)(1)
2(5)
3 11
10
11 is not a real number.

The equation has no real roots.
x( x 1) 4
(a)
x2 x 4 0
The x-intercepts of the graph of y = 4x2 + 4x 3 are 1.5

and 0.5.
Therefore, the roots of 4x2 + 4x 3 = 0 are 1.5 and 0.5.
(1) (1) 2 4(1)(4)

2(1)

(a)
x
1
0
1
y
7
1
3
1 17
( x 2)( x 3) 4
(b)
(b)
x 2 x 3x 6 4
2
x 2 5x 2 0
x
5 5 2 4(1)(2)
2(1)
5 17
2

(a)
x 2 2(3x 2)
x2 6x 4
x 6x 4 0
2
2
5
3
5
4
3
5
1
6
7

The x-intercepts of the graph of y x 2 5 x 1 are 0.2
and 4.8.
Therefore, the roots of x 2 5x 1 0 are 0.2 and 4.8.
Quick Practice 1.17 (p.1.39)

3x 2 4 x 4 0
( x 2)(3 x 2) 0
x20
or 3 x 2 0
2
x 2 or
x
3

The x-intercept of the graph of y x 2 x
Therefore, the root of x 2 x
1
is 0.5.
4
The roots of the required equation are
1
0 is 0.5.
4

The graph of y x 2 4 x 5 does not intersect the x-axis, i.e.
there is no x-intercepts.
Therefore, the equation x 2 4x 5 0 has no real roots.
1
3
and
.
2
2
The required quadratic equation is
1
3
x x 0
2
2


(a) C(0, 3) is a point on the graph of y = x2 + 2x + k.
3 0 2 2(0) k
1
3
x x 0
2
2
1
3
2 x 2 x 4(0)
2
2

( 2 x 1)(2 x 3) 0
The graph of y x 2 2 x 3 cuts the x-axis at A and

B.
The x-coordinates of A and B are the roots of the
1
, i.e.
2
3
k3
(b)
1
and
2
4x2 2x 6x 3 0
4x2 4x 3 0
equation x 2 2x 3 0 .
x 2 2x 3 0
( x 1)( x 3) 0
x 1 0 or
x 1 or

Let x be the smaller integer, then x + 1 is the larger integer.
x 2 ( x 1) 2 145
x 3 0
x3
x 2 x 2 2 x 1 145
2 x 2 2 x 144 0
The coordinates of A and B are (1, 0) and (3, 0)

respectively.
3 (1) (3 0) sq. units
Area of ABC
2
6 sq. units
x 2 x 72
( x 8)( x 9)
x 8
x
0
0
0 or
8 or
x9 0
x 9 (rejected)
When x = 8, x + 1 = 9
The two consecutive positive integers are 8 and 9.

x (4)x (5) 0

(a) Area of the garden (10)(8) (10 x)(8 x) m 2
( x 4)( x 5) 0
80 (80 8 x 10 x x 2 ) m 2
x 2 4 x 5 x 20 0
( x 18 x) m
x 9 x 20 0
(b)
1
x ( x 3) 0
4
x 2 18 x 30
x 2 18 x 30 0
x
(18) (18) 2 4(1)(30)

2(1)
18 204
18 204
or
(rejected)
2
2
1.86 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
x ( x 3) 0
4
4 x ( x 3) 4(0)
4
(4 x 1)( x 3) 0

Let x km/h be the speed of the faster ship, then (x 4) km/h is
the speed of the slower ship.
Distance travelled by the faster ship in 2 hours = 2x km
Distance travelled by the slower ship in 2 hours = 2(x 4) km
4 x x 12 x 3 0
2
4 x 2 11x 3 0
(2 x) 2 2( x 4) 2 40 2
40
x 2 ( x 4) 2
2
2
2
x ( x 8 x 16) 400
4.
2
x 2 6 x 2 x 12 0
x 2 4 x 12 0
Coefficient of x = 4
(b) (i) When x = 2,
L.H.S. = (2 + 6)(2 2) = 8 0 = 0
R.H.S. = 0
(ii) When x = 6,
L.H.S. = (6 + 6)(6 2) = 0 (8) = 0
R.H.S. = 0
Since L.H.S. = R.H.S., 6 is a root of the
equation.
2 x 2 8 x 384 0
x 2 4 x 192 0
( x 16)( x 12) 0
x 16 0 or x 12 0
x 16 or
x 12 (rejected)
The speed of the faster ship is 16 km/h.
Further Practice
Further Practice (p. 1.16)

1.
2 x 2 12 x 18 0

1. (a) The equation is not in the general form.
x 2x 2 5
1
1
(2 x 2 12 x 18) 0
2
2
x 2 6x 9 0
( x 3)( x 3) 0
x 3 0 or
x 3 or
2x 2 x 5 0
(b) (i) When x = 2,
L.H.S. = 2
R.H.S. = 2(2)2 + 5 = 13
Since L.H.S. R.H.S., 2 is not a root of the
equation.
(ii) When x = 6,
L.H.S. = 6
R.H.S. = 2(6)2 + 5 = 77
equation.
2.
2.
(a) The equation is not in the general form.

( x 6) 2 0
x 2 2( x)(6) 6 2 0
x 2 12 x 36 0
(b) (i) When x = 2,
L.H.S. = (2 + 6)2 = 82 = 64
R.H.S. = 0
equation.
(ii) When x = 6,
L.H.S. = (6 + 6)2 = 02 = 0
R.H.S. = 0
Since L.H.S. = R.H.S., 6 is a root of the
equation.
3.
(a) The equation is not in the general form.

( x 6)( x 2) 0
3.
x3 0
x 3
x 3
5
0
2
5
2 4 x 2 11x 2 0
2
2
8 x 22 x 5 0
(4 x 1)(2 x 5) 0
4 x 1 0 or 2 x 5 0
1
5
x
or
x
4
2
4 x 2 11x
x2
1 2(5 x)
3
x2
3
1 3 2(5 x)
3
x 2 3 30 6 x
x 2 6 x 27 0
( x 9)( x 3) 0
x 9 0 or x 3 0
x 9 or
x3
(a) The equation is in the general form.

(b) (i) When x = 2,
L.H.S. = 22 + 4(2) 4 = 4 + 8 4 = 0
R.H.S. = 0
(ii) When x = 6,
L.H.S. = (6)2 + 4(6) 4
= 36 24 4
= 64
R.H.S. = 0
equation.
4.
3x( x 3) x 8
3x 2 9 x x 8
3x 2 10 x 8 0
(3x 4)( x 2) 0
3x 4 0 or x 2 0
4
x
or
x2
3
12 ( x 4)(3x 12) 0
5.
4 ( x 4) 0
(1 2 x) 2 5 2 0
[(1 2 x) 5][(1 2 x) 5] 0
(6 2 x)(4 2 x) 0
6 2x 0
x3
[2 ( x 4)][2 ( x 4)] 0
( x 2)(6 x) 0
x 2 0 or
x 2 or
6.
( x 5)(2 x 1) (1 2 x) 0
(2 x 1)( x 5) 1 0
(2 x 1)( x 6) 0
2x 1 0
x
6 x 0
x6
6.
1
2
or
x6 0
or
x6
( x 3)(4 x 5) ( x 2)(2 x 6) 0
( x 3)(4 x 5) ( x 2) 2( x 3) 0
( x 3)(4 x 5) 2( x 2) 0
( x 3)4 x 5 2 x 4 0
( x 3)(6 x 9) 0
x3 0
(7) (7) 2 4(3)(16)

2(3)
2
1
5 x 2 x 10(0)
5
2
(5 x 2)(2 x 1) 0
7 241
6
10 x 2 4 x 5 x 2 0
7 241
7 241
or
6
6
1.42 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.) or 3.75 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
10 x 2 x 2 0
2.
3.
25
0
4
5
5
(2 x) 2 2(2 x)( ) ( ) 2 0
2
2
5
5
(2 x )(2 x ) 0
2
2
5
2x 0
2
5
x
4
(a)
4 x 2 10 x
x6 0
x6
(b) The roots of the required equation are
or
2x
or
2
6
and
, i.e.
2
2
1 and 3.
( x 1)( x 3) 0
5
0
2
5
x
4
x 2 x 3x 3 0
x2 4x 3 0
5
x
4
3.
12 x 396 x 2 9
x 12 x 405 0
( x 15)( x 27) 0
x 15 0
or
x 15 or
x 2 8 x 12 0
( x 2)( x 6) 0
x 2 0 or
x 2 or
12( x 33) x 2 9
4.
or

1. The required quadratic equation is
2 1
x x 0
5 2
2
1
x x 0
5
2
( x 4)( x 8) 0
x40
or x 8 0
x 4 or
x 8
or 4 2 x 0
or
x 2
6x 9 0
3
x 3 or
x
2

1. x 2 12 x 32 0
2.
(1 2 x) 2 25 0
5.
(a)
8 x 2 10 x 3 0
(4 x 3)(2 x 1) 0
4x 3 0
3
x
4
x 27 0
x 27
or
2x 1 0
or
1
2

Exercise
3
1 and
4
Exercise 1A (p. 1.8)

Level 1
1. (a)
Integer
1
7
3
and .
1 , i.e.
2
4
2
7 3
x x 0
4 2
7
3
x x 0
4
2
7
3
4 x 2 x 8(0)
4
2
(4 x 7)(2 x 3) 0
25 , 0, 65
(b)
Fraction
3 2
,2
4 3
(c)
Rational
number
3
2
, 25 , 1.37 , 0, 13.245, 65, 2
4
3
(d)
Irrational
number
2 , 17
(e)
Recurring
decimal
1.37
8 x 2 14 x 12 x 21 0
8 x 2 26 x 21 0
2.
1. Let x cm be the length of the base of the parallelogram, then
(x 2) cm is its height.
x( x 2) 15
(a) 4 4 , 3
(b) 4, 16, 300
(c) 62.9
(d)
x 2 2 x 15
3.
x 2 x 15 0
(a)
( x 5)( x 3) 0
x 5 0 or
(b)
x3 0
x 5 or
2.
x 3 (rejected)
4.
The length of the base is 5 cm.
The difference in age between the man and his daughter is

(5x 4) years.
( x 1) 2 (2 x 11) 5 x 4
x 5x 6
( x 6)( x 1)
x6
x
0
0
0 or
6 or
3.
x 0.717 171... (1 )
100 x 71.717 171... (2)
(2) (1) : 99 x 71
71
x
99
71
0.7 1
99
x 1 0
x 1 (rejected)
The man is 49 years old.

5.
Draw a line perpendicular to the base as shown.
0.71
0.7 1 0.717 171
0.71 0.711 111
i.e.
When x = 6, (x + 1)2 = (6 + 1)2 = 49
1
3
1
( 0.025),
( 0.12), ( 0.125)
40
25
8
1
1
( 0.16 ),
( 0.0416 )
6
24
0.7 1 is the largest.

Let
x 0.7 1,
( x 2 2 x 1) (2 x 11) 5 x 4
2
26 , 2 5
(a)
0.125
(b)
Let
i.e.
y 2 ( y 3) 2 ( y 6) 2
y 2 ( y 2 6 y 9) y 2 12 y 36
y 2 6 y 27 0
( y 9)( y 3) 0
y 9 0 or
y 9 or
(c)
y3 0
y 3 (rejected)
125 1
1000 8
x 0.1 25 ,
x 0.125 125 (1 )
1000 x 125.125 125 (2)
(2) (1) : 999 x 125
125
x
999
125
0.125
999
x 0.125 ,
x 0.125 555 ( 3)
10 x 1.255 555 (4)
(4) (3) : 9 x 1.13
113
x
900
Let
i.e.
(d)
6.
The equation becomes

2
16
x
9
99
16 2
x
99 9
8
11
113
0.125
900
x 0.12 5 ,
x 0.125 252 (5)
100 x 12.525 252 (6)
(6) (5) : 99 x 12.4
124
x
990
62
495
62
0.12 5
495
Let
i.e.
9.
0.32 0.322 222

0.3 2 0.323 232
Any rational number between these two numbers is

acceptable, for example, 0.323 or 0.3232.
Level 2
7.
(a)
4 9
25
23
1 , which is rational.
5
(b)
3 is irrational while 100 is rational, so 100 3 is

irrational.
(c)
2 is irrational while 1 is rational, so 2 1 is

irrational.
(d) ( 2 1)( 2 1) ( 2 ) 2 12 1 , which is rational.

(e)
(5 5 ) 2 5 2 2 5 5 ( 5 ) 2
25 10 5 5
30 10 5
30 and 10 are rational while 5 is irrational, so
(f)
8.
(5 5 ) 2 is irrational.
2
Both 2.3 5 and are rational, so their difference is also
3
rational.
10.
Let
i.e.
0.2 ,
0.222 222 (1 )
2.222 222 (2)
2
2
9
2
0.2
9
0.1 6 ,
a 2 2a 1
(a 1) 2
a 1
, which is also a rational number.
Exercise 1B (p. 1.17)

Level 1
1. When x = 4,
L.H.S. = 3(4)2 11(4) 4 = 0
R.H.S. = 0
0.161 616 (3)

100 16.161 616 (4)
(4) (3) : 99 16
16
99
16
0.16
99
2.
When x = 3,
L.H.S. = (3)2 + 13(3) + 36 = 6
R.H.S. = 0
3.
x( x 5) 0
x 0 or
(a 1) 2 4a
(a 2 2a 1) 4a
10
(2) (1) : 9
Let
i.e.
0.1 04 ,
0.104 104 (1 )
104.104 104 (2)
104
104
999
104
0.1 04
999
Let
0.57 ,
i.e.
0.577 777 ( 3)
10 5.777 777 (4)
(4) (3) : 9 5.2
52
90
26
45
26
0.57
45
The equation becomes
104 26
x0
999 45
104 26
x
999 45
20
111
1000
(2) (1) : 999
Let
i.e.
x 5 0
x5

4.
5.
6.
7.
(2 x 3)( x 8) 0
2 x 3 0 or x 8 0
3
x
or
x 8
2
13.
x2 72 0
( x 7)( x 7) 0
x 7 0 or x 7 0
x 7 or
x7
(9 t )(3t 12) 0
9 t 0 or 3t 12 0
t 9 or
t4
3(2 p 5) 2 0
1
1
3(2 p 5) 2 0
3
3
(2 p 5) 2 0
2p 5 0
or
5
p
or
2
5
p
2
x 2 3x 0
x( x 3) 0
x 0 or
14. 9 y 2 16 0
9 y 2 16
16
y2
9
2p 5 0
p
5
2
15.
x3 0
16.
k 2 16k
k 2 16k 0
k (k 16) 0
k 0 or k 16 0
10.
x 2 7 x 12 0
( x 4)( x 3) 0
x 4 0 or x 3 0
x 4 or
x 3
y 2 8 y 12 0
( y 2)( y 6) 0
y 2 0 or
y 2 or
17.
y 6 0
y6
18.
h 2(h)(6) 6 2 0
(h 6) 2 0
h6 0
or h 6 0
h 6 or
h 6
19.
d 2 18d 81 0
5x 2 9 x 2 0
(5 x 1)( x 2) 0
5x 1 0
2t 2 5t 3 0
(2t 3)(t 1) 0
2t 3 0
or
x20
or
x2
or t 1 0
or
t 1
4 y 2 12 13 y
or 4 y 3 0
3
y 4 or
y
4
d 2(d )(9) 9 0
2
(d 9) 2 0
d 9 0 or d 9 0
d 9 or
d 9
1 2
x x6 0
3
1
3 x 2 x 6 3 0
3
4 y 2 13 y 12 0
( y 4)(4 y 3) 0
y40
h = 6
4
3
2 x 2 8 x 42 0
1
1
(2 x 2 8 x 42) 0
2
2
x 2 4 x 21 0
( x 7)( x 3) 0
x 7 0 or x 3 0
x 7 or
x3
3
t
2
12.
or
1
x
5
h 2 12h 36 0
11.
4
3
16
9
or
x 2 3 x 18 0
( x 3)( x 6) 0
x 3 0 or x 6 0
x 3 or
x6
k 16
9.
16
9
x 3
8.
x 2 49 0
d=9
10

17 m 12m 2 6
20.
25
10m
3
25
3 3m 2 3 10m
3
2
9m 25 30m
3m 2
24.
12m 17 m 6 0
(3m 2)(4m 3) 0
3m 2 0 or 4m 3 0
2
3
m
or
m
3
4
2
9m 2 30m 25 0
(3m) 2(3m)(5) 5 2 0
2
21. (a) Let and be the roots of the equation.

From the equation, we have
= 28
Thus any pair of integers and satisfying the above
relation is acceptable.
The two integers can be 4 and 7, 2 and 14.
(or any other reasonable answers)
(3m 5) 2 0
3m 5 0 or 3m 5 0
5
5
m
or
m
3
3
m
(b) For the equation whose roots are 4 and 7, the

corresponding value of k is
k (4 7)
25
p
12
12(1 p 2 ) 25 p
1 p2
25.
12 12 p 2 25 p
For the equation whose roots are 2 and 14, the

corresponding value of k is
k (2 14)
12 p 25 p 12 0
(4 p 3)(3 p 4) 0
4 p 3 0 or 3 p 4 0
3
4
p
or
p
4
3
2
12
(or reasonable answer corresponding to (a))
22.
px
26.
qx = (p + q)x
( p q) 3
2a 2 15a 8 0
( 2a 1)(a 8) 0
2a 1 0
1
a
2
Level 2
25
x 5x
4
25
2
4 x 4 5 x
4
27.
4 x 20 x 25
4 x 2 20 x 25 0
(2 x) 2 2(2 x)(5) 5 2 0
(2 x 5) 2 0
2 x 5 0 or 2 x 5 0
5
5
x
or
x
2
2
or a 8 0
or
a 8
5 x( x 2) ( x 2) 2
5 x( x 2) ( x 2) 2 0
( x 2)5 x ( x 2) 0
( x 2)(4 x 2) 0
x 2 0 or 4 x 2 0
15
a
2
15
a 2 22 a
2
2( a 2 4) 15a
( a 2)(a 2)
2a 2 8 15a
pq 3
The pairs of values for p and q can be
p 4, q 1 or p 3, q 0 or p 2, q 1 .
(or any other reasonable answers)
23.
5
3
x 2 or
28.
1
2
(2 x 5) 2 ( x 3)(6 x 15)
(2 x 5) 2 3( x 3)(2 x 5)
5
2
(2 x 5) 2 3( x 3)(2 x 5) 0
(2 x 5)(2 x 5) 3( x 3) 0
(2 x 5)( x 4) 0
2 x 5 0 or x 4 0
5
x
or
x4
2
11

29.
( x 1) 2 3( x 1) 4 0
( x 1) 4( x 1) 1 0
( x 5) x 0
x 5 0 or
4 x 2 12 x 9 2 x 2 23x
2 x 2 11x 9 0
( x 1)(2 x 9) 0
x 1 0 or 2 x 9 0
9
x 1 or x
2
x0
x 5
30.
(4 x) 2 5(4 x) 14 0
(4 x) 2(4 x) 7 0
(6 x)(3 x) 0
6 x 0 or 3 x 0
x 6 or
x 3
( x 2) 2 (4 5 x) 2 0
( x 2) (4 5x)( x 2) (4 5x) 0
(4 x 2)(6 x 6) 0
4 x 2 0 or 6 x 6 0
1
x
or
x 1
2
4( x 3) 2 100
( x 3) 2 25
x 3 5 or 5
x 8 or 2
3( x 1)
(7 x ) 2 0
(3x 3 7 x)(3 x 3 7 x) 0
(2 x 4)(4 x 10) 0
2x 4 0
( x 2) 2 (9 x) 2 0
[( x 2) 9 x] [( x 2) 9 x] 0
(10 x 2)(8 x 2) 0
10 x 2 0
2x 2 6x x 3 3 0
or 2 x 3 0
x 2 or
34.
3
2
3x 1 6 x 2 2 x 4
35.
1
2
3
4
24
12
8
6
k
25
14
11
10
Exercise 1C (p. 1.24)

Level 1
2
1. ( x 3) 16
k = 25, 14, 11, 10
(3x 1)(1 2 x) 4
6x x 5 0
(6 x 5)( x 1) 0
6x 5 0
or
x 1 0
or
x 1
5
6
or 4 x 10 0
5
or
x
2
39. Let and be the roots of the equation.

From the equation, we have
= 24 and k = ( + )
We now list the possible values of and , and the
corresponding value of k.
( x 3)(2 x 1) 3 0
2x 2 7x 6 0
( x 2)(2 x 3) 0
x20
x 2
or 8 x 2 0
1
1
x
or
x
5
4
33.
9( x 1) 2 (7 x) 2
38.
( x 2) 81x 0
2
( x 2) 2 (4 5 x) 2
37.
2
31. 4( x 3) 100 0
32.
(2 x 3) 2 x(2 x 23)
36.
x 3 16
x 3 4 or 3 4
1
or 7
2.
( x 4)(6 x 3) 3(3 2 x)
( x 4) 3(2 x 1) 3(3 2 x)
( x 4)(2 x 1) 3 2 x
( x 4) 2 49
x 4 49
x 4 7 or 4 7
11
or 3
2x 2 8x x 4 3 2x
2 x 2 5x 7 0
( x 1)(2 x 7) 0
x 1 0
or 2 x 7 0
7
x 1 or
x
2
12
1
2
3
4
24
12
8
6
k
25
14
11
10

8.
3.
1
25
2x
2
4
1
25
2
4
1 5
1 5
2x
or
2 2
2 2
2x 3
or 2
3
x
or 1
2
2x
3x 3x 5 0
2
52 x 9
5
(5 x 2) 2 9
5x 2 9
5 x 2 3 or 2 3
5x 1
or 5
1
x
or 1
5
10.
(2) (2) 2 4(1)(15)
2( x 2 2) 5(2 x)
2(1)
2 64
2
28
2
5 or 3
5 73
4
(9) (9) 2 4(2)(15)

2(2)
9 201
4
9 201
4
5.79 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
7 5
2
9 201
4
or 1.29 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
or
12. Using the quadratic formula,
14 14 4(1)(32)
2(1)
2
5 5 2 4(2)(6)
2(2)
11. Using the quadratic formula,
(7) (7) 2 4(1)(11)

x
2(1)
7.
3 69
6
2 x 2 5x 6 0
3 32 4(3)(5)
2(3)
2 x 2 4 10 5 x
6.
3x 2 5 3x
9.
25 x 9
5
2(5)
7 169
10
7 13
10
3
or 2
5
5.
7 7 2 4(5)(6)
4.
14 324
2
14 18
2
2 or 16
(23) (23) 2 4(17)(5)

2(17)
23 869
34
23 869
34
1.54 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
13.
6 x 2 11x 2 0
( x 2)(6 x 1) 0
x20
23 869
34
or 0.19 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
or
or 6 x 1 0
1
x 2 or
x
6
13

14.
3x( x 2) 8 6 x
3x 6 x 8 6 x
2
3x 2 12 x 8 0
(12) (12) 2 4(3)(8)

x
2(3)
12 48
6
3.15 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
12 48
6
or 0.85 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
or
2 x 2 5 x 2 3x 8
2x 2 8x 6 0
x2 4x 3 0
1
15. ( x d )
4
2
xd
1
4
1
1
d or d
2
2
To ensure both roots are integers, the value of d can be
1 1
1
1 , or .(or any other reasonable answers)
2 2
2
x
20.
Level 2
16.
5
1
x 0
4
2
1
2 5
4 x x 4 0
4
2
x2
4x 2 5x 2 0
x
21.
(5) (5) 2 4(4)(2)

2(4)
5 57
8
0.1x 2 0.5 x 0.2 0
17.
10(0.1x 2 0.5 x 0.2) 10 0

x 2 5x 2 0
18.
(4) (4) 2 4(1)(3)

2(1)
4 28
2
(or 2 7 )
(2 x 5) ( x 2)(2 x 5)
(2 x 5) ( x 2)(2 x 5) 0
(2 x 5)1 ( x 2) 0
(2 x 5)(3 x) 0
2 x 5 0 or 3 x 0
5
x
or
x3
2
3( x 2) (2 x 4)( x 1)
3( x 2) 2( x 2)( x 1)
3( x 2) 2( x 2)( x 1) 0
( x 2)3 2( x 1) 0
( x 2)(5 2 x) 0
x 2 0 or 5 2 x 0
5
x 2 or
x
2
x(3x 4) ( x 1)( x 2) 0
22.
(3x 4 x) ( x 2 x 2 x 2) 0
2
(5) (5) 4(1)(2)

2(1)
2
3 33
12
1
3
19. x ( x 2) x 4
2
2
( 2 x 1)( x 2) 3 x 8
12 48
6
3 32 4(6)(1)
2(6)
2 x 2 5x 2 0
( x 2)(2 x 1) 0
x20
5 17
2
or 2 x 1 0
x 2 or
1
0
3
2x2 x 0
3
2
3 2 x x 3 0
3
x(2 x 1)
( x 3) 2 (2 x 1)(2 x) 0
23.
( x 6 x 9) (4 x 2 2 x 2 x) 0
2
x 2 3 x 11 0
x 2 3 x 11 0
6 x 2 3x 1 0
14
1
2

27. ( k 3) k 1 2(k 1)
5
( k 3)(5k 1) 5 10( k 1)
3 32 4(1)(11)
x
2(1)
5k 2 14k 3 5 10k 10
3 53
2
3 53
2
2.14 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
5k 2 24k 2 0
3 53
2
or 5.14 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
or
(2 p 5)( p 4) ( p 5)( p 5)
24.
2 p 2 5 p 8 p 20 p 2 5 2
24 536
24 536
or
10
10
4.72 (cor. to 2 d.p.) or 0.08 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
(3) (3) 2 4(1)(5)
Exercise 1D (p. 1.33)

Level 1
1. The x-intercepts of the graph of y 2 x 2 6 x are 3 and
2(1)
3 11
2
0.
Therefore, the roots of 2 x 2 6 x 0 are 3 and 0.

( m 3)(5m 4)
m2
2
( m 3)(5m 4) 2m 2
25.
24 536
10
p2 3p 5 0
p
(24) (24) 2 4(5)(2)

2(5)
2.
The x-intercepts of the graph of y 2 x 2 x 3 are 1.5

and 1.
Therefore, the roots of 2 x2 x 3 0 are 1.5 and 1.
5m 2 15m 4m 12 2m 2
3.
3m 2 11m 12 0
0.7 and 1.8.

Therefore, the roots of 12x2 29x 14 0 are 0.7 and
1.8.
11 11 4(3)(12)
2(3)
2
11 265
6
4.
5.
y ( y 1) 6 ( y 5)( y 3)
y 2 y 6 ( y 2 5 y 3 y 15)
2y2 7y 9 0
4 x 2 12 x 9 0
1
1
(4 x 2 12 x 9) 0
4
4
9
2
x 3x 0
4
The x-intercept of the graph of y x 2 3 x
( 7) ( 7) 2 4( 2)(9)
y
2( 2)
The x-intercepts of the graph of y 3x 2 7 x 5 are 0.6

and 2.9.
Therefore, the roots of 3x2 7 x 5 0 are 0.6 and 2.9.
11 265
11 265
or
6
6
26.
The x-intercepts of the graph of y 12 x 2 29 x 14 are
7 23
4

9
is 1.5.
4
9
0 is 1.5.
4
The root of x 2 3x
The root of 4 x2 12 x 9 0 is also 1.5.
3x 2 8 x 7 0
6.
(3x 2 8 x 7) 0
3x 2 8 x 7 0
The graph of y 3x 2 8 x 7 does not intersect the
x-axis.
The equation 3x2 8x 7 0 has no real roots.
The equation 3x2 8x 7 0 also has no real roots.
15

7.
Therefore, the roots of x2 4x 2 0 are 0.6 and

3.4.
(a)
x
y
2
5
1
1
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
5
Level 2
10. (a)
(b)
x
y
3
8
2
2
1
2
0
4
1
4
2
2
3
2
4
8
The x-intercepts of the graph of y x 2 x 1

are 0.6 and 1.6.
Therefore, the roots of x 2 x 1 0 are 0.6 and 1.6.
8.
x2 x 4
(b)
(a)
x x40
The x-intercepts of the graph of y x 2 x 4
2
x
y
0
25
1
9
2
1
3
1
4
9
are 1.6 and 2.6.

The roots of x 2 x 4 0 are 1.6 and 2.6.
(b)
The roots of x 2 x 4 are also 1.6 and 2.6.

11. (a)
x
y
1
25
0
9
1
1
2
1
3
4
9 25
The x-intercept of the graph of y 4 x 2 20 x 25 is

2.5.
Therefore, the root of 4 x2 20 x 25 0 is 2.5.
9.
(a)
x
y
0
2
1
1
2
2
3
1
4
2
(b)
(b)
x 2 3x 1
0
9
4
x 2 3x 1
36
36 0
4
9
2
4 x 12 x 9 0
The x-intercept of the graph of
y 4 x 2 12 x 9 is 1.5.
The root of 4x2 12x 9 0 is 1.5.

x 2 3x 1
0 is also 1.5.
The root of
9
4
The x-intercepts of the graph of y x 2 4 x 2 are
0.6 and 3.4.
16

15.
12. (a)
x
y
2
19
1
9
0
3
1
1
2
3
3
9
4
19
The graph of y x 2 6 x 9 touches the x-axis at P.

The x-coordinate of P is the root of the equation
x2 6x 9 0 .
x 2 6x 9 0
( x 3) 2 0
x 3 0 or x 3 0
x 3 or
x3
x-coordinate of P = 3
The graph of y x 2 6 x 9 cuts the y-axis at Q.
OP = (3 0) units = 3 units
OQ = (9 0) units = 9 units
OP : OQ = 3 : 9
1: 3
3 2 x( 2 x)
(b)
3 4x 2x 2
16.
2x 2 4x 3 0
The graph of y 2 x 2 4 x 3 does not intersect
the x-axis.
The equation 2 x2 4 x 3 0 has no real roots.
The equation 3 = 2x(2 x) also has no real roots.
The graph of y x 2 3x 10 cuts the x-axis at P and

R.
The x-coordinates of P and R are the roots of the
equation x2 3x 10 0 .
x 2 3x 10 0
( x 2)( x 5) 0
x20
or x 5 0
x 2 or
x5
13. (a) C(1, 9) is a point on the graph of

y x2 6x k .
y-coordinate of Q 0 2 6(0) 9
9
9 (1) 2 6(1) k
9 1 6 k
k 16
(b) The graph of y x 2 6 x 16 cuts the x-axis at
The x-coordinates of P and R are 2 and 5 respectively.
The graph of y x 2 3x 10 cuts the y-axis at Q.
y-coordinate of Q 0 2 3(0) 10
10
Area of PQR
A and B.
2
35 sq. units
equation x2 6 x 16 0 .
x 2 6 x 16 0
( x 2)( x 8) 0
x20
or x 8 0
x 2 or
x8
17. (a) R(2, 0) and T(1, q) are points on the graph of

y px 2 4 x 12 .
0 p ( 2) 2 4( 2) 12
0 4 p 8 12

respectively.
4p 4
p1
14. (a) The graph of y 2 x 2 6 x 20 cuts the x-axis at
and
q (1) 2 4(1) 12
1 4 12
A and B.
equation 2 x2 6 x 20 0 .
2 x 2 6 x 20 0
x 2 3x 10 0
( x 2)( x 5) 0
x 2 0 or
x 2 or
5 (2) 0 (10) sq. units

R and S.
The x-coordinates of R and S are the roots of the
x 5 0
x5
x 2 4 x 12 0
( x 2)( x 6) 0
x20
or x 6 0
x 2 or
x6

respectively.
(b) AB = [5 (2)] units 7 units
The x-coordinate of S is 6.
Length of RS = [6 (2)] units = 8 units
17

Length of TS
6 (1) 2 (0 7) 2 units
8.
9.90 units (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)

RS is shorter.
x ( x 3) 0
2
2 x ( x 3) 2(0)
2
(2 x 1)( x 3) 0
Exercise 1E (p. 1.40)

Level 1
( x 2)( x 5) 0
x 2 2 x 5 x 10 0
2x2 x 6x 3 0
x 7 x 10 0
2
2.
2x2 7x 3 0

x (5)x (3) 0
9.
( x 5)( x 3) 0
x 5 x 3x 15 0
2

( x 2)x (6) 0
12 x 2 3 x 4 x 1 0
12 x 2 x 1 0
( x 2)( x 6) 0
x 2 2 x 6 x 12 0

2
3
x x 0
3
2
x 2 4 x 12 0
4.

x (4) ( x 1) 0
2
3
3 x 2 x 0
3
2

(3 x 2)(2 x 3) 0
( x 4)( x 1) 0
x 4x x 4 0
2
6x2 4x 9x 6 0
x 2 3x 4 0
5.
6 x 2 13 x 6 0

( x 0)( x 4) 0

5
1
x x 0
2
5

x2 4x 0
6.

1 1
x x 0
4 3
1
1
4 x 3 x 0
4
3

(4 x 1)(3 x 1) 0
x 2 8 x 15 0
3.

1
x [ x (3)] 0
2
5
1
2 x 5 x 0
2
5

(2 x 5)(5 x 1) 0

x (3)x (3) 0
( x 3)( x 3) 0
10 x 2 25 x 2 x 5 0
x2 6x 9 0
10 x 2 23x 5 0
7.

1
x ( x 3) 0
4

1
1
x x 0
3
3
4 x ( x 3) 4(0)
4
( 4 x 1)( x 3) 0
4 x 2 x 12 x 3 0
1
1
3 x 3 x 0
3
3

(3x 1)(3x 1) 0
4 x 2 13 x 3 0
9x 2 6x 1 0
18

Level 2
13. ( x 9)( x 6) 0
x 9 0 or
x 9 or

1
x ( x 1) 0
3
x60
x 6
3 x ( x 1) 0
3
(3 x 1)( x 1) 0
The roots of the required equation are 9 + 2 and

6 + 2, i.e. 11 and 4.
( x 11)x (4) 0
3x 2 x 3x 1 0
3x 2 4 x 1 0
( x 11)( x 4) 0
x 2 11x 4 x 44 0
17. (a)
x 2 7 x 44 0
14. (5 x 2)( x 4) 0
5x 2 0
2
x
5
or
x40
or
x4
or 2 x 1 0
1
x 4 or
x
2
1
1
and
,
2
4
(b) The roots of the required equation are 4
1
and
2
7
1
, i.e.
and 2.
2
2
7
x x (2) 0
2
4
5
1
and
.
4
2
5
1
x x 0
4
2
i.e.
x ( x 2) 0
2
2 x ( x 2) 0
2
(2 x 7)( x 2) 0
5
1
2 x 4 x 0
2
4
(2 x 5)(4 x 1) 0
8 x 2 20 x 2 x 5 0
8 x 2 18 x 5 0
2 x 2 7 x 4 x 14 0
4 x 20 x 25 0
2 x 2 11x 14 0
15. (a)
7
x20
2
2x2 7x 4 0
( x 4)(2 x 1) 0
x40
x2
(2 x) 2(2 x)(5) 5 0
2
Exercise 1F (p. 1.44)

Level 1
1. Let x be the positive integer.
x 2 x 56
(2 x 5) 2 0
2 x 5 0 or 2 x 5 0
5
5
x
or
x
2
2
x 2 x 56 0
( x 7)( x 8) 0
x 7 0 or x 8 0
x 7 or
x 8 (rejected)
5
x
2
(b) The roots of the required equation are 2
5
and
2
5
, i.e. 5 and 5.
2
( x 5)( x 5) 0
The positive integer is 7.
2.
5t 2 12t 4 0
(5t 2)(t 2) 0
5t 2 0
or t 2 0
t 0.4 or
t2
x 2 10 x 25 0
16. (a)
3x 2 8 x 4 0
(3x 2)( x 2) 0
3x 2 0
2
x
3
When the ball is 5 m above the ground,

5 1 12t 5t 2
or
x20
or
x2
1 2
and
2 3
1
1
2 , i.e.
and 1.
2
3
19
The ball is 5 m above the ground when t = 0.4 s or

t = 2 s.

3.
Distance sailed by the ship in the first t hours = t(t + 6) km

Distance sailed by the ship in the remaining (t + 2) hours =
(t + 2)(t 2) km
t (t 6) (t 2)(t 2) 356
7.
(t 2 6t ) (t 2 2 2 ) 356
2t 2 6t 360 0
60 2 x
The width of the rectangle
cm
2
(30 x) cm
The area of the rectangle is 216 cm2.
x(30 x) 216
30 x x 2 216
t 3t 180 0
(t 12)(t 15) 0
t 12 0 or t 15 0
t 12 or
t 15 (rejected)
2
x 30 x 216 0
( x 18)( x 12) 0
x 18 0
or
x 18 or
2
( x 14) 2 x 2 ( x 2)2
4.
8.
( x 28 x 196) x x 4 x 4
2
x 2 32 x 192 0
( x 24)( x 8) 0
x 24 0
x 24
5.
x 2 ( x 2 4 x 4) 100
2 x 2 4 x 96 0
or x 8 0
or
x 8 (rejected)
x 2 2 x 48 0
( x 8)( x 6) 0
x 8 0 or
x 8 or
x ( x 1) ( x 2)2 x 2 ( x 1) 2 ( x 2) 2 94
2
9 x 18 x 9 x 2 ( x 2 2 x 1)
2
( x 2 4 x 4) 94
9.
6 x 12 x 90 0
2
x 2 2 x 15 0
( x 3)( x 5) 0
x 3 0 or
x5 0
x 3 or
x 5 (rejected)
Let x cm be the length of the longer wire, then (80 x) cm

is the length of the shorter wire.
x
Length of the side of the larger square =
cm
4
80 x
Length of the side of the smaller square =
cm
4
2
When x = 3, x + 1 = 4 and x + 2 = 5
The consecutive positive integers are 3, 4 and 5.
x 80 x

272
4 4
x 2 (6400 160 x x 2 ) 272 16
2 x 2 160 x 2048 0
Let r cm be the radius of the smaller circle, then the radius

of the larger circle is (2r 3) cm.
Area of smaller circle = r 2 cm2
x 2 80 x 1024 0
( x 64)( x 16) 0
Area of larger circle = (2r 3) 2 cm2
x 64 0 or x 16 0
x 64 or
x 16 (rejected)
(2r 3) 2 r 2 72
(2r 3) 2 r 2 72
4r 12r 9 r 72
2
x60
x 6 (rejected)
When x = 8, x 2 = 6
The length and the width of the carpet are 8 m and
6 m respectively.
(3 x 3) x ( x 1) ( x 2) 94
2
6.
Let x m be the length of the carpet, then (x 2) m is its

width.
x 2 ( x 2) 2 10 2
Let x be the smallest integer, then (x + 1) and (x + 2) are the

other two integers.
x 12 0
x 12 (rejected)
The length of the longer wire is 64 cm.
10. AE = [(x + 1) 1] cm = x cm
HB = (x 1) cm
( x 1)( x 1) 3( x 1)
x 2 12 3 x
3r 2 12r 63 0
r 2 4r 21 0
(r 7)(r 3) 0
r 7 0 or r 3 0
r 7 or
r 3 (rejected)
x 2 3x 1 0
x
When r = 7, 2r 3 = 2(7) 3 = 11
The radii of the two circles are 7 cm and 11 cm
respectively.
20
(3) (3) 2 4(1)(1)

2(1)
3 13
2
or
3 13
(rejected)
2

11. AG = (12 x) cm, AE = (8 x) cm
Area of ABCD (12)(8 sin 30) cm2
n( n 1)
254
2
n(n 1) 508
(b)
96 sin 30 cm2
Area of AEFG (12 x)(8 x) sin 30 cm2
n 2 n 508
n 2 n 508 0
(12 x)(8 x) sin 30 cm2

96 sin 30 2(12 x)(8 x) sin 30
48 (12 x)(8 x)
48 96 8 x 12 x x
(20) (20) 2 4(1)(48)

2(1)
20 208
20 208
or
2
2
2.8 (cor. to 1 d.p.) or 17.2 (rejected)
15. (a) Base area of the box

(26 2 x)(16 2 x) cm2
(416 32 x 52 x 4 x 2 ) cm2
Level 2
12. Let x m be the distance between P and Q, then (92 x) m is
the distance between Q and R.
x 2 (92 x) 2 68 2
(4 x 2 84 x 416) cm2
(b) The base area of the box is 200 cm2.
x 2 (8464 184 x x 2 ) 4624
2 x 184 x 3840 0
2
4 x 2 84 x 416 200
x 2 21x 104 50
x 2 92 x 1920 0
( x 32)( x 60) 0
x 32 0 or x 60 0
x 32 or
x 60
The distance between P and Q is 32 m or 60 m.
13. In ABO, AO =
2(1)
1 2033
2
Since 2033 is not a perfect square, n cannot be an
integer.
It is not possible to form a diagram consisting of
254 black dots.
x 2 20 x 48 0
x
1 12 4(1)(508)
x 2 21x 54 0
( x 3)( x 18) 0
x 3 0 or x 18 0
x 3 or
x 18 (rejected)
Volume of the box base area height
200 x cm3
202 122 cm 16 cm
200(3) cm3
Consider A'B'O.
(16 x) 2 (12 x) 2 202
600 cm3
(256 32 x x 2 ) (144 24 x x 2 ) 400

16. (a) Area of ABCD = 1010 cm2 = 100 cm2
10(10 x)
Area of ADF
cm2
2
5(10 x) cm2
10(10 2 x)
Area of ABE
cm2
2
5(10 2 x) cm2
1
Area of CEF ( x)(2 x) cm2
2
x 2 cm2
Area of AEF area of ABCD area of ADF
2 x2 8x 0
x2 4x
( x 4) x
x4
x
14. (a)
0
0
0 or x 0 (rejected)
4
n(n 1)
105
2
n(n 1) 210
n 2 n 210
n 2 n 210 0
(n 14)(n 15) 0
n 14 0 or n 15 0
n 14 or
n 15 (rejected)
The 14th diagram has 105 black dots.
area of ABE area of CEF
100 5(10 x) 5(10 2 x) x 2 cm2

(100 50 5 x 50 10 x x ) cm2
2
(15 x x 2 ) cm2
21

(b) The area of AEF is 26 cm2.
Perimeter of the trapezium ABCD
25
13
8
10 cm
2
2
37 cm
15 x x 2 26
x 15 x 26
( x 2)( x 13)
x2
x
2
0
0
0 or
2 or
x 13 0
x 13 (rejected)
18. (a)
17. (a) Area of trapezium ABCD

( x 2) (3x 1) (2 x 1) cm2
2
(4 x 1)(2 x 1)
cm2
2
8x 2 2x 4x 1
cm2
2
8x 2 2x 1
cm2
2
1
4 x 2 x cm2
2
(b) (i)
AB = ( x 6) cm
BC = (4 x 3) cm
(b) Consider ABP.

BP AB 2 AP 2 cm
( x 6) 2 x 2 cm
12 x 36 cm
AB and BP are folded to AB' and B'P respectively.
AB' = AB = (x + 6) cm
and B'P = BP = 12 x 36 cm
AB'CD' is a rhombus.
AB BC
AB BC BP B ' P
x 6 (4 x 3) 12 x 36 12 x 36
The area of the trapezium is 76 cm2.

1
4 x 2 x 76
2
8 x 2 2 x 1 152
2 12 x 36 3 x 3
2 12x 36 (3x 3)
2
4(12 x 36) 9 x 2 18 x 9
8 x 2 2 x 153 0
9 x 2 66 x 135 0
(ii)
8 x 2 x 153 0
(2 x 9)(4 x 17) 0
2 x 9 0 or 4 x 17 0
9
17
x or
x (rejected)
2
4
Construct DE perpendicular to BC as shown.
3 x 2 22 x 45 0
( x 9)(3 x 5) 0
x 9 0 or 3 x 5 0
5
(rejected)
3
When x = 9, B'C = (x + 6) cm = 15 cm
Area of the rhombus (9 15) cm2
x 9 or
135 cm2
Revision Exercise 1 (p. 1.49)
Level 1
1. (a) 1, 8
(b) 6, 9 , 0, 1, 8
13
9
AD = 2 cm cm
2
2
AB 2 1 cm 8 cm
2
(c) 6, 9 , 0, 1, 2.4 ,
(d)
25
9
BC 3 1 cm
cm
2
2
EC BC BE
2.
(a)
9
, 4.71, 8
2
, 10
0.1 3 0.131 313

0.13 0.133 333
0.133
25 13
cm
2
2
6 cm
DC DE 2 EC 2
8 2 6 2 cm
10 cm
22
0.1 3 0.133 0.13

(b)
x 0.1 3 ,
x 0.131 313 (1 )
100 x 13.131 313 (2)
(2) (1) : 99 x 13
13
x
99
13
0.13
99
5.
Let
i.e.
5
x
2
3.
(a)
(b)
(a)
x 2
or
6 3y2 7 y
3y2 7 y 6 0
( y 3)(3 y 2) 0
y30
or 3 y 2 0
y 3 or
7.
133
1000
3 2
p p40
2
3p2 2 p 8 0
(3 p 4)( p 2) 0
3p 4 0
4
p
3
2
3
or
p20
or
p2
2 8 2 8 16 4 , which is rational.
8.
2 3 2 3 6 , which is irrational since 6 is

not a perfect square.
(c) Both 2 and 3 are irrational, so their sum is

also irrational.
(d) Both 3.7 and 4.2 are rational, so their sum is also
rational.
3.7
(e) Both 3.7 and 4.2 are rational, so
is also
4.2
rational.
(f) 3.7 is rational, so its square is also rational.
4.
x20
or
3(2 y 2 ) 7 y
6.
Let
x 0.13 ,
i.e.
x 0.133 333 ( 3)
10 x 1.333 333 (4)
(4) (3) : 9 x 1.2
12
x
90
2
15
2
0.13
15
0.133
2 x 2 9 x 10 0
(2 x 5)( x 2) 0
2x 5 0
2m(m 1) ( m 2)(m 1) 0
(m 1)2m (m 2) 0
(m 1)(3m 2) 0
m 1 0
or 3m 2 0
m 1 or
9.
(a) 3 is a root of x2 8x + p = 0.
32 8(3) p 0
p 15
( x 7)(5 x 4) 0
x70
(b)
or 5 x 4 0
4
x 7 or
x
5
The roots are not irrational.
x 8 x 15 0
( x 3)( x 5) 0
x 3 0 or x 5 0
x 3 or
x5
2
The other root is 5.
(b) ( x 9 )( x 9 ) 0
x 9 0
or
x 9 or
x 3
or
(c)
10. (a) 2 is a root of 8x2 + kx + 6 = 0.
x 9 0
x 9
x 3
(7 x 1)( 2 x 2 ) 0
(b)
7 x 1 0 or
1
x
or
7
2x 2 0
x 1
x 5
8 x 2 19 x 6 0
( x 2)(8 x 3) 0
x20
or 8 x 3 0
x 2 or
(d) ( x 5 ) 2 0
x 5 0
8(2) 2 k (2) 6 0
2k 38 0
k 19
The other root is

or
or
x 5 0
x 5
The roots are irrational and equal to 5 .
23
3
.
8
3
8
2
3

x (3) ( x 2) 0
17. (a)
2
5
x
y
( x 3)( x 2) 0
x 2 3x 2 x 6 0
1
2
0
5
1
4
2
1
(b)
x2 x 6 0
5
2
x x 0
2
5
5
2
2 x 5 x 0
2
5
(2 x 5)(5 x 2) 0
10 x 2 25 x 4 x 10 0
10 x 2 29 x 10 0
13. x 2 10 x 264 0
The x-intercepts of the graph of y 2 x 2 x 5

are 1.4 and 1.9.
Therefore, the roots of 2 x2 x 5 0 are 1.4 and
1.9.
10 10 4(1)(264)
2(1)
2
10 1156
2
10 34
10 34
or
2
2
12
or 22
14.
18. (a)
2
4
x
y
1
1
0
4
1
5
2
4
3
1
4
4
(b)
1
x
5
5x 2 1 5x
x2
5x 2 5x 1 0
x
15.
(5) (5) 2 4(5)(1)

2(5)
5 45
10
53 5
or
10
The x-intercepts of the graph of y = 4 x(x 2)

are 1.2 and 3.2.
Therefore, the roots of 4 x(x 2) = 0 are 1.2 and
3.2.
x 2 4 x ( x 4)
x 2 4 x 2 16 x
4 x 2 15 x 2 0
15 15 2 4(4)(2)
x
2(4)
19.
15 257
8
15 257
15 257
or
8
8
16.
x2
x20
8
x 2 8 x 16 0
x 2 2( x)(4) 4 2 0
9( x 1) 4 2( x 1) 2
2( x 1) 2 9( x 1) 4 0
x 1
x2
x 2 touches the x-axis at P.
8
The x-coordinate of P is the root of the equation
x2
x20.
8
The graph of y
9 9 2 4(2)(4)
2(2)
5 113
x
4
5 113
5 113
or
4
4
1.41 (cor.to 2d.p.) or 3.91 (cor. to 2 d.p.)
24
( x 4) 2 0
x 4 0 or x 4 0
x 4 or
x4
The x-coordinate of P is 4.
x2
The graph of y x 2 cuts the y-axis at Q.
8
02
02
8
2
y-coordinate of Q

(b) Let x cm be the length of AB, then BC = (3x 5) cm.
CE = CD = x cm
BE = BC CE = [(3x 5) x] cm = (2x 5) cm
Area of BEDF = 42 cm2
(2 x 5) x 42
PQ (4 0) 2 0 (2) units
2
20 units (or 2 5 units)

20. (a) A(4, 0) and C(14, c) are points on the graph of
2 x 2 5 x 42
y kx2 14 x 40 .
2 x 2 5 x 42 0
0 k (4) 2 14(4) 40
0 16k 16
k 1
7
(rejected)
2
When x = 6, BC = [3(6) 5] cm = 13 cm
The length of ABCD is 13 cm and its width is
6 cm.
From (a), x 6 or
and c k (14) 2 14(14) 40

14 2 14 2 40
40
24.
A and B.
x 2 11x 18 0
( x 9)( x 2) 0
x 9 0 or x 2 0
x 9 or
x 2 (rejected)
Perimeter of the L-shaped figure
perimeter of the rectangle
2[ x ( x 1)]cm
2[9 (9 1)]cm
34 cm
The coordinates of B are (10, 0).

(c) AB = (10 4) units = 6 units
6 40
Area of ABC =
sq. units 120 sq. units
2
25. (a) The x-intercepts of the graph of y x 2 20 x 40

are 2 and 18.
Therefore, the roots of x 2 20 x 40 0 are 2 and 18.
(b) (i) When T = 20, we have
20 0.25 x 2 5 x 30
21. Let x be the smaller integer, then (x + 5) is the larger

integer.
2 x 2 ( x 5) 2 71
2 x 2 x 2 10 x 25 71
x 2 10 x 96 0
( x 16)( x 6) 0
x 16 0 or x 6 0
x 16 or
x 6 (rejected)
When x = 16, x + 5 = 21
The two integers are 16 and 21.
0.25 x 2 5 x 10 0
4(0.25 x 2 5 x 10) 0
x 2 20 x 40 0
From (a),
x 2 or x 18
After 2 hours, that is, at 8:00 p.m., the
temperature in the greenhouse first falls to 20C.
(ii) The algebraic method gives the exact answer.
x( x 2) 180 (3x 2)
x 2 2 x 3x 182
x x 182 0
( x 14)( x 13) 0
x 14 0 or
x 14 or
26. Let be the root of ax 2 bx c 0 .

If is positive, then
a 2 b c 0 .
The equation does not have a positive root.
23. (a)
1
x( x 1) ( x 3) 2
2
x( x 1) 2( x 3) 2
x 2 x 2 x 2 12 x 18
x 2 14 x 40 0
( x 4)( x 10) 0
x 4 0 or x 10 0
x 4 or
x 10
22.
x 13 0
x 13 (rejected)
27. Let and be the roots of x 2 bx c 0 .

c ( )( ) 0
It is not possible that c is positive.
7
( x 6) x 0
2
7
( x 6) x 0
2
( x 6) 2 x 0
2
( x 6)(2 x 7) 0
2 x 2 12 x 7 x 42 0
2 x 2 5 x 42 0
25

Level 2
28.
34.
x(6 x 5) 4
6x2 5x 4
6x2 5x 4 0
(2 x 1)(3x 4) 0
2x 1 0
or 3 x 4 0
1
4
x
or
x
2
3
( x 2)(2 x 1) (3x 6)( x 4)

( x 2)(2 x 1) 3( x 2)( x 4)
( x 2)(2 x 1) 3( x 2)( x 4) 0
( x 2)(2 x 1) 3( x 4) 0
( x 2)( x 13) 0
x 2 0 or x 13 0
x 2 or
x 13
35. 2( x 1)( x 1) 4( x 1) x
29.
4 x( x 3) 7 0
2( x 2 12 ) 4( x 1) x
4 x 12 x 7 0
2x 2 2 4x 4 x
30.
2x 2 5x 6 0
(12) (12) 2 4(4)(7)

2(4)
12 32 3 2
or
8
2
36. (a)
x 2 5x 7 0
x
5 5 2 4(1)(7)
2(1)
5 73
4
5 3
2
( 2 x 3)( x 4) 3 x 2
2 x 2 8 x 10 0
37. (a)
or
x5 0
x 1 or
x5
( x 1)( x 2)
3
3 x 2 ( x 1)( x 2)
(b)
x2
2 x 2 3x 2 0
( x 2)(2 x 1) 0
x20
or 2 x 1 0
1
x 2 or
x
2
38. (a)
33. (2 x 1)(3x 1) 4( x 1)(2 x 1) 0
12 x 2 17 x 6 0
(3x 2)(4 x 3) 0
3x 2 0
2
x
3
4x 3 0
3
or
x
4
or
17
1
( w 1)
12
2
12( w 1) 2 17( w 1) 6
( w 1) 2
12( w 1) 2 17( w 1) 6 0
From (a), we have
2
3
w 1
or w 1
3
4
1
1
w
or
w
3
4
3x 2 x 2 x 2 x 2
(2 x 1)(3x 1) 4( x 1) 0
(2 x 1)( x 3) 0
2x 1 0
2 y 1 0
1
or
y
2
or
(b) From (a), we have

1
3
1 1
5x
or 5 x
2
2
2 2
5 x 1 or
5x 1
1
1
x
or
x
5
5

x2 4x 5 0
( x 1)( x 5) 0
x 1 0
4 y2 4 y 3 0
(2 y 3)(2 y 1) 0
2y 3 0
3
y
2
2 x 2 3 x 8 x 12 3 x 2
32.
2(2)
( x 1) 2 3( x 2) 0
x 2 2 x 1 3x 6 0
31.
(5) (5) 2 4(2)(6)
or 3x 1 0
1
x 3 or
x
3
or x 3 0
1
or
2
3x 2 8 x 3 0
( x 3)(3x 1) 0
x30
x3
26
3x 2 8 x 3
(b)
41. (a)
3x 2 8 x 3 0
1
.
3
The roots of the required equation are (3) and
1
1
, i.e. 3 and .
3
3
1
( x 3) x 0
3
From (a), the roots are 3 and
( x 3) x 0
3
( x 3) 3 x 0
3
( x 3)(3x 1) 0
(b)
3x 2 9 x x 3 0
1 x 12 x 2 0
12 x 2 x 1 0
(3 x 1)(4 x 1) 0
3x 1 0
or 4 x 1 0
1
1
x
or
x
3
4
(b)
60 x 2 x (10) 0
42. Since r is a root of x 2 3x 5 0,
x(12 x 1) 1
we have r 2 3r 5 0 .
r 5 3r 4 5r 3 2r 2 6r
12 x x 1
2
r 3 (r 2 3r 5) 2(r 2 3r 5) 10
1 x 12 x 2 0
From (a), the roots are
5 5
60 k 0
12 12
k 10
60 x 2 x 10 0
(12 x 5)(5 x 2) 0
12 x 5 0 or 5 x 2 0
5
2
x
or
x
12
5
2
The other root is .
5
3x 2 8 x 3 0
39. (a)
0.416 ,
0.416 666 (1 )
4.166 666 (2)
3.75
375
900
5
12
5
0.416
12
0.416 is a root of 60 x 2 x k 0 .
10
(2) (1) : 9
Let
i.e.
1
1
and
.
3
4
r 3 (0) 2(0) 10
10
3
and
1
43. (a)
3
, i.e. 9 and 12.
1
4
x (9) ( x 12) 0
x
y
2
10
1
3
0
2
1
5
2
6
3
5
4
2
5
3
( x 9)( x 12) 0
x 9 x 12 x 108 0
2
x 2 3x 108 0
40. ( p q )( p q )
( p )2 ( q )2
pq
Since p and q are positive integers and p > q,
(b)
( p q )( p q ) is also a positive integer.
x2
2x 1
2
x2 4x 2
x2 4x 2 0
The x-intercepts of the graph of y x 2 4 x 2

are 0.4 and 4.4.
The roots of x 2 4 x 2 0 are 0.4 and 4.4.
x2
2 x 1 are also 0.4 and 4.4.
The roots of
2
27

47. (a) Consider PST and PQR.
PTS = PRQ
(corr. s, ST // QR)
PST = PQR
(corr. s, ST // QR)
SPT = QPR
(common )
PST PQR
(AAA)
PS = PQ SQ (16 x) cm
PS
ST
=
(corr. sides, s)
QR PQ
44. (a)
1
12
x
y
0
2
1
8
2
6
3
4
16 x
3
12 cm 12 x cm
16
4
(b) The area of trapezium TSQR is 72 cm2.
ST =
1
3
12 x 12 x 72
2
4
(48 3x) 48x 576
2 x( x 3) 1 x
(b)
(96 3x) x 576

(32 x) x 192
2x 2 6x 1 x
2x 2 5x 1 0
32 x x 2 192
4 x 2 10 x 2 0
The x-intercepts of the graph of
x 2 32 x 192 0
( x 8)( x 24) 0
x 8 0 or x 24 0
x 8 or
x 24 (rejected)
y 4 x 2 10 x 2 are 0.2 and 2.7.
The roots of 4 x2 10 x 2 0 are 0.2 and 2.7.

The roots of 2x(x 3) = 1 x are also 0.2 and
2.7.
48. (a)
45. The length of the base = (2x 1) cm
The length of the hypotenuse
= [40 x (2x 1)] cm
= (41 3x) cm
By Pythagoras theorem,
(3 x 1)(5 x 2) cm2
(15 x 2 5 x 6 x 2) cm2
(15 x 2 x 2) cm2
x 2 (2 x 1) 2 (41 3x) 2
x (4 x 4 x 1) 1681 246 x 9 x
2
3 4
cm2 6 cm2
2
Area of the shaded region
Area of a triangle =
4 x 2 242 x 1680 0
25 x 2 25 x 6 0
(5 x 1)(5 x 6) 0
5x 1 0
1
x
5
(15 x 2 x 2) 8 6 cm2
2 x 2 121x 840 0
( x 8)(2 x 105) 0
x 8 0 or 2 x 105 0
105
x 8 or
x
(rejected)
2
46. (a)
Area of the original paper
(15 x x 50) cm
(b) (i) The area of the shaded region is 186 cm2.
15x 2 x 50 186
2
15x 2 x 236 0
(ii)
or 5 x 6 0
6
or
x
5
15 x 2 x 236 0
( x 4)(15 x 59) 0
x 4 0 or 15 x 59 0
59
15
(rejected)
When x = 4, BC = (3x + 1) cm = 13 cm
JK = (13 4 4) cm = 5 cm
x 4 or
(b) 120 000(1 r %) 2 120 000(1 r %) 28 800
25(1 r %) 2 25(1 r %) 6 0
From (a), we have
6
1
1 r%
or 1 r % (rejected)
5
5
1
r%
5
r 20
AB = (5x 2) cm = 18 cm
GH = (18 3 3) cm = 12 cm
49. (a)
28

(b) Let n be the number of students in the class.
n(n 1) 1260
1
AP AD
2
1
( x 8) cm2
2
4 x cm2
1
Area of BPQ BP BQ
2
1
(8 x)(8 x) cm2
2
1
(8 x) 2 cm2
2
2
Area of ADP area of BPQ
3
2 1
4 x (8 x) 2
3 2
12 x (8 x) 2
(b) Area of ADP
n 2 n 1260 0
(n 36)(n 35) 0
n 36 0 or n 35 0
n 36 or
n 35 (rejected)
The number of students in the class is 36.

52. (a) R(p, q) is a point on the graph of y = x2 6x + 10.
q = p2 6p + 10
(b)
2( p q) 12
pq 6
p ( p 6 p 10) 6
2
p2 5 p 4 0
( p 1)( p 4) 0
p 1 0 or
p 1 or
12 x 64 16 x x 2
x 2 28 x 64 0
x
(28) (28) 2 4(1)(64)

2(1)
53. (a) k is a root of x 2 x c 0.

k2 k c 0
28 528
2
(b)
28 528
28 528
or
(rejected)
2
2
2.51 (cor. to 3 sig. fig.)
c k 2 k
x2 x k 2 k 0
x 2 x k (k 1) 0
( x k )( x k 1) 0
x k 0 or x k 1 0
x k or
x k 1
The other root of the equation in (a) is k 1.
50. Let x m/s be the speed of Tom,

then the speed of Mary is (x 2) m/s.
(6 x 27) 2 [6( x 2) 27]2 60 2
2 x 2 16 x 24 0
54. (a)
(6 x 27) 2 (6 x 15) 2 3600
x 2 8 x 12 0
( x 2)( x 6) 0
x 2 0 or x 6 0
x 2 or
x6
The coordinates of M and N are (2, 0) and (6, 0)
respectively.
(2 x 9) 2 (2 x 5) 2 400
4 x 2 36 x 81 4 x 2 20 x 25 400
8 x 2 56 x 294 0
4 x 2 28 x 147 0
(2 x 7)(2 x 21) 0
2 x 7 0 or 2 x 21 0
x 3.5 or
x 10.5
(rejected)
When x = 3.5, x 2 = 1.5
The speed of Tom is 3.5 m/s and the speed of Mary is
1.5 m/s.
51. (a) (i)
p40
p4
(b) Let (x1, y1) be the coordinates of P and (x2, y2) be the
coordinates of Q.
Area of PMN = area of QMN = 12 sq. units
1
1
(6 2) y1 (6 2) y 2 12
2
2
y1 y 2 6
When y 6 , 6 2 x 2 16 x 24
Each person sends 3 Christmas cards.

There are 4 persons sending Christmas cards.
The total number of Christmas cards that
are sent 3 4
2 x 2 16 x 30 0
x 2 8 x 15 0
( x 3)( x 5) 0
12
x 3 0 or
x 3 or
(ii) Each person sends (n 1) Christmas cards.

There are n persons sending Christmas cards.
The total number of Christmas cards sent
n(n 1)
x5 0
x5
x1 3 and
x2 5
The coordinates of P and Q are (3, 6) and (5, 6)
respectively.
29

(c) We can find a point R on the graph with
y-coordinate 6.
1
Area of RMN = (6 2)[0 (6)] sq. units
2
= 12 sq. units
6.
( x 5)( x 2) 0
x 2 5 x 2 x 10 0
x 2 3x 10 0
y x 3x 10 may represent the graph.
Multiple Choice Questions (p. 1.55)

1. Answer: C
0.34 0.344 444
0.3 4 0.343 434
7.
0.65 0.655 555

0.6 5 0.656 565
0.3 4 0.34 0.65 0.6 5 .
2.
5
8.
Answer: A
3 is a root of 5( x k ) 2 20 0 .
5(3 k ) 2 20 0
Consider two recurring decimals 0.37 and 3.7 .

The difference of 3.7 and 0.37 3.7 0.37
(9 6k k 2 ) 4 0
k 2 6k 5 0
(k 1)(k 5) 0
k 1 0 or k 5 0
k 1 or
k 5
9.
Answer: D
( x 3)( x 4) (a 3)(a 4)
x 2 7 x 12 a 2 7 a 12
x 7 x a 2 7a 0
2
( x 2 a 2 ) 7( x a ) 0
( x a )( x a ) 7( x a ) 0
Answer: D
I.
x 2 5x 9 0 is in the general form.
II.
2 2 3 5 0
4 2 6 5 2(2 2 3 5) 5
2(0) 5
3.4
The difference of two recurring decimals may not
be a recurring decimal.
2
3
III. Consider two fractions and .
3
2
3 2 3
2
The product of
and
3
2 3 2
1
The product of two fractions may be an integer.
III is true only.
3.
Answer: B
is a root of 2x 2 3x 5 0 .
Answer: B
7
I.
can be converted into a recurring decimal which
6
is 1.16 .
II.
Answer: D
[ x (5)](x 2) 0
( x a )( x a 7) 0
x a 0 or x a 7 0
( x 1) 2 2( x 1) 3 0 is not in the general form.
x a or
2 2
x x 0 is in the general form.
5
I and III are true only.
III.
4.
HKMO (p. 1.57)

AB BC
1.
BC EB
W
1
1 W 1
W (W 1) 1
Answer: C
2x 2 x 6 0
(2 x 3)( x 2) 0
2x 3 0
or x 2 0
W 2 W 1 0
3
or
x2
2
3
The roots are and 2 .
2
x
5.
Answer: A
[ x (1)][x (7)] 0
( x 1)( x 7) 0
x 2 8x 7 0
30
(1) (1) 2 4(1)(1)

2(1)
1 5
2
1 5 1 5
or
(rejected)
2
2
x 7a
Investigation Corner (p. 1.58)

1.
(a) Checking: When x
3
,
4
12 x 2 11x 15 12
9
3
11 15
16
4
0
5
When x ,
3
12 x 2 11x 15 12
25
5
11 15
9
3
0
The roots of the equation are
(b) Step 1 :
3
5
and .
4
3
1 x 2 23x 12 24 0
x 2 23x 288 0
Step 2 : ( x 9)( x 32) 0
Step 3 : (24 x 9)(24 x 32) 0
Step4 : (24 x 9)(24 x 32) 0
24 x 9 0
or 24 x 32 0
9
32
x
or
x
24
24
2.
3
8
or
4
3
Consider ax2 bx c 0 , where a 0 .

Step 1:
Multiply the constant term by the leading
coefficient a and change the leading
coefficient a to 1.
1 x 2 bx a c 0
Step 3:
x 2 bx ac 0......(*)
Replacing x by ax in (*), we have
(ax) 2 b(ax) ac 0
a 2 x 2 abx ac 0
ax 2 bx c 0
( a 0)
Therefore, solving the quadratic equation (*) is equivalent
to solve the quadratic equation ax2 bx c 0 .
Hence, Angels approach can be used to solve any quadratic
equation ax2 bx c 0 .
31

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1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown (I)

1 Quadratic Equations in One

Review Exercise 1 (p. 1.4)

[2( x 5)]2 (3x 2) 2

[2( x 5) (3x 2)][2( x 5) (3x 2)]

18. (3x 4)(4 x 3) ( x 3)(4 x 3)

Lets Discuss (p. 1.23)

NSS Mathematics in Action 4A Full Solutions

(5) (5) 2 4(1)(5)

Lets Discuss (p. 1.30)

Classwork (p. 1.26)

Classwork (p. 1.8)

Quick Practice 1.1 (p. 1.6)

Classwork (p. 1.11)

1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown (I)

Quick Practice 1.4 (p. 1.14)

Quick Practice 1.2 (p. 1.10)

Quick Practice 1.5 (p. 1.15)

Quick Practice 1.3 (p. 1.13)

NSS Mathematics in Action 4A Full Solutions

Quick Practice 1.7 (p. 1.21)

(5) (5) 4(2)(2)

(b) Using the quadratic formula,

(6) (6) 2 4(1)(4)

(2) (2) 2 4(3)(2)

Quick Practice 1.10 (p. 1.27)

(c) Using the quadratic formula,

11 is not a real number.

The x-intercepts of the graph of y = 4x2 + 4x 3 are 1.5

(1) (1) 2 4(1)(4)

Quick Practice 1.11 (p. 1.28)

Quick Practice 1.9 (p. 1.22)

1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown (I)

Quick Practice 1.17 (p.1.39)

Quick Practice 1.12 (p. 1.29)

The roots of the required equation are

Quick Practice 1.13 (p. 1.31)

Quick Practice 1.14 (p. 1.32)

The graph of y x 2 2 x 3 cuts the x-axis at A and

Quick Practice 1.18 (p. 1.41)

The coordinates of A and B are (1, 0) and (3, 0)

Quick Practice 1.15 (p. 1.38)

Quick Practice 1.19 (p. 1.42)

(18) (18) 2 4(1)(30)

Quick Practice 1.20 (p. 1.43)

NSS Mathematics in Action 4A Full Solutions

Further Practice (p. 1.16)

Further Practice (p. 1.11)

(a) The equation is not in the general form.

(a) The equation is not in the general form.

(a) The equation is in the general form.

1 Quadratic Equations in One Unknown (I)

Using the quadratic formula,

(7) (7) 2 4(3)(16)

(b) The roots of the required equation are

Further Practice (p. 1.39)

Further Practice (p. 1.23)

NSS Mathematics in Action 4A Full Solutions

Exercise 1A (p. 1.8)

The length of the base is 5 cm.

The difference in age between the man and his daughter is

The man is 49 years old.