Muhammad Farhan J.

A
145060301111003
TUGAS 4 HALAMAN 34-35

1)

x + ( y C ) =c

x 2+ y 2 2 yC +c 2=c2
x 2+ y 2 2 cy=0
2 xdx +2 ydy2 cdy =0

( 2 y2 c ) dy =2 xdx
dy x
=
dx y c
Subsitusi nilai C
x 2+ y 2 2 cy=0
x 2+ y 2 =2 cy
c=

x 2+ y 2
2y

Masukannilai C

dy
x
=
dx 2 y 2 ( x 2+ y 2 )
2y
dy 2 xy
=
(1)
dx y 2x 2
dy x
x
=
=
(2)
dx y c y( x 2 + y 2 )
2y
Persamaandiffrensial

( y 2 x2 )
dy
2
=
=
(3)
dx f ( x , y )
xy

Penyelesaian PD
Misalkan y=vx maka
2

dy y x
=
dx
xy

dy
dv
=v +
dx
dx

v+x

2
2
dv ( vx ) x
=
dx
xvx

v+x

2 2
dv x ( v 1 )
=
dx
v x2
2

dv v 1 v
=

dx
v
v

dv 1
=
dx v

1
v dv= dx
x
1 2
v =lnx+c
2
1 y 2
=lnx+c
2 x
y= 2 x 2 lnx+c
clc;
syms x y c;
f1='x^2+y^2-2*y*c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='-y+(-2*x^2*ln(x)+c).^0,5';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot

2)

y 2=k x 3 k =

y2
x3

2 y dy =3 k x2 dx
dy 3 k x 2
=
dx 2 y
dy 3 y 2 x 2 3 y
=
=
dx 2 x 3 y 2 x
PD keluarga orthogonal :
dy
1
2 x
=
=
dx f ( x , y ) 3 y

 3 ydy= 2 xdx
3 2
y =x 2+c
2

Jadi, persamaan trayektori orthogonal untuk keluarga kurva

y =k x

adalah

clc;
syms x y c;
f1='-c*x^3+y^2';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='(3/2)*y^2+x^2-c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

4)

y = 2x + c
dy
=2
dx

; c = y 2x

dy 1
=
dx 2
y dy= (

1
) dx
2

3 2 2
y + x =c
2

y=

1
x+ c
2

clc;
syms x y c;
f1='2*x-y+c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='y^2+6*x-2*x^2-k';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

5)

y=

1 2
x +c
2

dy=xdx ;

dy
=x
dx

dy
1
1
=
=
dx f ( x , y ) x
Penylesaian PD

dy 1
1
= dy = dx
dx x
x

1
x 1 dy= dx
x
y=lnx+c

6)

y = ln x + c

1
1 dy= dx
x
dy
=x
dx

7)

x 2+2 y 2=c

dy
1
=
=x
dx f ( x , y )

dy 1
=
dx x

dy
=xdx
dx

y=

penyelesaian PD

1 2
x +c
2

2 xdx + 4 ydy=0

4 ydy=2 xdx

dy x
=
dx 2 y

dy
1
2 y
=
=
dx f ( x , y )
x

dy 2 y
=
dx x
Penyelesaian PD

dy 2 y
=
dx x

1
1
dy= dx
2y
x

1
1
dy= dx
2y
x

2lny=lnx+ c

ln y 2=x .c

clc;
syms x y c;
f1='x^2+2*y^2-c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='y-(x*c)^0.5';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

y= x . c

8)

x 2+ ( y C )2=c 2
x 2+ y 2 2 yC +c 2=c2
x 2+ y 2 2 cy=0
2 xdx +2 ydy2 cdy =0

( 2 y2 c ) dy =2 xdx
dy x
=
dx y c
Subsitusi nilai C
2

x + y 2 cy=0
x + y =2 cy
2

x +y
c=
2y

Masukannilai C
dy
x
= 2
dx 2 y ( x 2+ y 2 )
2y
dy 2 xy
=
(1)
dx y 2x 2
dy x
x
=
=
(2)
dx y c y( x 2 + y 2 )
2y

Persamaandiffrensial

( y 2 x2 )
dy
1
=
=
(3)
dx f ( x , y )
2 xy
Penyelesaian PD
Misalkan y=vx maka
2

dy y x
=
dx
2 xy

d v ( vx ) x
v+x
=
dx
2 xvx
v+x

2 2
dv x ( v 1 )
=
dx
2 v x2
2

dv v 1 2 v
=

dx
2v
2v

dv v 2+1
=
dx
2v

2 v
1
dv= dx
2
x
v +1
misal

dy
dv
=v +
dx
dx

u=v 2+ 1
du=2 v dv
dv=

du
2v

2 v
1
dv=
du
u
u

1
1
du= dx
u
x

ln|v 2 +1|+c=ln x+ c

ln

y2
+1+c=ln x +c
x2

y2
+e=x +e c
2
x

9)

y=c e x
dy=c e x dx
dy
=c e x
dx
Substitusi nilai c :

y=c e x c=

y
ex

dy y x
= .e
dx e x
dy
=y
dx
Penyelesaian PD :

dy
1
1
=
=
dx F ( x . y ) y
dy 1
=
dx y
y dy=1 dx

y dy=1 dx
1 2
y =x+ c
2
2

y =2 x +2 c
clc;
syms x y c;
f1='y-c*(2.71828182846)^x';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='y^2+2*x-2*c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

10)

xy=C
y=

C
x

dy C dy xy y
=
= 2 =
dx x 2
dx
x
x
PD keluarga orthogonal :
dy
1
x
=
=
dx f ( x , y ) y

y dy= x dx
1 2 1 2
y = x +c
2
2

Jadi, persamaan trayektori orthogonal untuk keluarga kurva

xy=C

adalah

clc;
syms x y c;
f1='y*x-c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='0.5*y^2-0.5*x^2-c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

11)

y 2x 2=c
2 ydy2 xdx=0

2 ydy=2 xdx
dy x
=
dx y

y x =2 c

Penyelesaian PD :
dy y
=
dx
x
1
1
dy = dx
y
x
1
1
dy = dx
y
x
lny=lnx+ c

ln y1=lnx+c
y1=xc
y=

1
xc

clc;
syms x y c;
f1='y^2-x^2-c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='y*x*c-1';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

12)

y=c x 2
1

3
dy= c x 2 dx
2
1

dy 3 2
= cx
dx 2
dy 2 x
=
dx 3 y

y=c x
c=

y
x

3
2

3
2

dy 3 2
= cx
dx 2
3
y
2

dy
=
dx

3
2

1
2

dy 3 y
=
dx 2 x
Penyelesaian

PD :

dy 2 x
=
dx 3 y
3 ydy=2 xdx
3 ydy=2 x dx

3 2
2
y =x +c
2
2

y=

y=

2 2 2
x+ c
3
3

2 2 2
x + c
3
3

clc;
syms x y c;
f1='y-c*x^1.5';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='y-((2/3)*x^2+(2/3)*c)^0.5';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

13)

dy=

y=c x
c
2 x

dx

c
dy
=
dx
2x

Subtitusikan

c=

y
x

ke persamaan

dy
y
=
dx
2x

Persamaan diferensial untuk keluarga orthogonal

dy 2 x
=
dx
y

 ydy = 2 xdx
y2
=x 2
2

+c

y 2=2 x 2 +2 c
clc;
syms x y c;
f1='y-c*x^0.5';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f1)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;
f2='y^2+2*x^2-2*c';
for c=-8:1:8
ezplot(eval(f2)),axis square,axis equal,hold on,grid on,end;

14)

x 2+ ( yc 2 )=1+ c2

x + y =1+2 c

2 x dx +1 dy=0
dy
=2 x
dx
dy
1
1
=
=
dx f ( x , y ) 2 x

dy 1
=
dx 2 x
Penyelesaian PD :

dy=

1
dx
2x

dy=

1
dx
2x

1
y= lnx+c
2
14.

x 2+( yC 2)=1+ c 2

Misal u = y-C2 maka du = dy

2 xdx +du=0

2 xdx +( yC 2)dy=0
Subtitusikan

C= x 2 + y1c 2

2 xdx +(x 21c 2 )dy =0

ke persamaan

dx x 1c
=
dy
2x

Persamaan diferensial untuk keluarga orthogonal

dx
2x
=
dy x 21c 2
2

dy = x 1c
2x
y=

dx

1 x2 ( 2 )
+ c +1 lnx +c
2 2