Prepared By :

NUR AIN HAMDAN

PHYSICS LECTURER
CFS UITM DENGKIL, SELANGOR

SUB TOPICS
q Force, weigh & mass

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Newtons Law of Motion

Types of forces in two dimension (2D)
Application of Newtons Law
Circular Motion : Uniform circular motion,
centripetal acceleration & centripetal force.

State, write and

explain the
concepts of
Newtons Law of
Motion
Give examples
that illustrates
the Newtons
Law of Motion

Solve the
problems of
Newtons law of
Motion
6/27/16
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Introduction..
Dynamics is mostly related to Newton's
laws of motion. There are three
physical laws
which provide
relationships between the forces
acting on a body and the motion of
the body.

FORCE
DEFINITION
Push or a pull

A force is an agent that

produces or tends to produce
acceleration/change in an
object

Can cause object to accelerate/

change in velocity
A vector quantity
SI unit Newton (N)

Newtons laws of motion

A

FLOOR

Newtons first law of motion (Law of Inertia)

an object at rest will remain at rest, or continues to
move with uniform velocity in a straight line unless
it is acted upon by a external forces
!
!
Fnett = F = 0
Newtons second law of motion
the rate of a change of momentum of an object with
time is directly proportional to the net force acting
on it
!
!
Fnett = F = ma
Newtons third law of motion
for every action, there is an equal and opposite
reaction; action and reaction forces act on different
objects
!
!
F floor = Fball
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Example

st
1

law

If the object was

sitting still, it will
remain stationary.

If it was moving at a
constant velocity, it
will keep moving.

Inertia: The tendency of an object to

resist changes in its state of motion.

Mass & Weight

Mass of a body is a
measure of the amount
of matter in it.
Mass is a scalar
quantity
SI unit is kilogram (kg)

Weight is the force

exerted on that object
by gravity.
Weight is a vector
quantity. (W= mg)
SI unit is Newton (N).

If you go to the moon, whose gravitational

acceleration is about 1/6 g, you will weigh
much less. Your mass, however, will be the
same=)

Example

nd
2

Law of Motion
When a net force, F, acts
on a mass, m it causes an
acceleration, a.
The acceleration produced
by a force on an object is
directly proportional to the
magnitude of the net force
applied and is inversely
proportional to the mass of
the object.
The direction of the
acceleration is the same as
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that of the net force.

Example

rd
3

law

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W= mg
Ff= N
FORCE = a push or pull on the object.
An object sliding down an incline has three forces
acting on it:
-the normal force, gravity, and the frictional force.
vThe normal/reaction force (N @ R) is exerted on the
surface & always perpendicular to the surface.
vThe friction force (Ff) is existed on rough surface &
opposes the motion different.
vThe gravitational force (W) points straight down.

Ff = N
Coefficent
of friction

Normal Force

Tension, T
T1
T2

-Exist at rope, cable

-Direction, always away from body
-Tension at smooth pulley always similar,
hence T1 = T2

REFLECTIVE SESSION!!!
1) Which of Newton's Three Laws does the following statement
satisfy? The relationship between an object's mass (m), its
acceleration (a), and the applied force F is F=ma. Acceleration and
force are vectors. This law requires that the direction of the
acceleration vector is in the same direction as the force vector.
A: Newton's First Law
B: Newton's Second Law
C: Newton's Third Law
D: All of the above
2) Which of Newton's Three Laws does the following statement
satisfy? For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.
A: Newton's First Law
B: Newton's Second Law
C: Newton's Third Law
D: All of the above

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Further Applications
of Newtons Law

Applications of Newtons 2nd law of motion

From the Newtons second law of motion,

F = F

nett

= ma

Steps in applying the equation above to solve problems:

l Identify the object whose motion is considered.
l Determine the forces exerted on the object.
l Draw a free body diagram (FBD) for each object.
[FBD = showing all the forces that acting on the object]
l According to the acceleration direction of the object,
write an equation for:
Along x-axis:
Fx = ma x @ Fx = 0
F =0
Fy = ma y
Along y-axis: y
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Example Free Body Diagram

Example 1
Draw Free Body Diagram for figure below

a)

c)

b)

Example 2
Three wooden blocks connected by a rope of negligible mass are being
dragged by a horizontal force, F in figure below.

!
F

m1

!
T1

m2

!
T2

m3

Suppose that F = 1000 N, m1 = 3 kg, m2 = 15 kg and m3 = 30 kg. Determine

a. the acceleration of blocks system.
b. the tension of the rope, T1 and T2.
Neglect the friction between the floor and the wooden blocks.

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Solution for Example 2

a. For the block, m1 = 3 kg

!
F

!
a
m1

!
T1

For the block, m2 = 15 kg

!
T1

!
a
m2

!
T2

For the block, m3 = 30 kg

!
T2

!
a
m3

F
F

= F T1 = m1a
x = 1000 T1 = 3a
T1 + 3a = 1000
x

F
F

= T1 T2 = m2 a

= T1 T2 = 15a

= T2 = m3 a

T1 T2 = 15a
x

T2 = 30a

(1)

(2)

(3)
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Solution for Example 2

a. By substituting eq. (3) into eq. (2) thus

Eq. (1)-(4) :

T1 45a = 0
1000
a=
48
a = 20.8 m s 2

(4)

b. By substituting the value of acceleration into equations (4) and

(3), therefore

T1 = 936 N
T2 = 624 N

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Example 3
Two objects of masses m1 = 10 kg and m2 = 15 kg are connected by a
light string which passes over a smooth pulley as shown in figure.
Calculate
a. the acceleration of the object of mass 10 kg.
b. the tension in the each string.
(Given g = 9.81 m s-2)

m1

Solution :
a. For the object m1= 10 kg,

!
T1

!
a

m2

= T1 m1 g = m1a

where

T1 = T2 = T

T 10g = 10a

!
!
W1 = m1 g

(1)
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Solution for Example 3

a. For the object m2= 15 kg,

F
F

= m2 g T2 = m2 a
y = 15g T = 15a
T + 15g = 15a
5 g 5(9.81)
Eq. (1) + (2) :
a=
=
25
25
a = 1.96 m s 2

!
T2

!
a

(2)

!
!
W2 = m 2 g

b. Substitute the value of acceleration into equation (1) thus

T 10(9.81) = 10(1.96 )

Therefore

T = 118N
T1 = T2 = T = 118 N

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Exercise 1

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Exercise 2

A 3 kg rectangular block B is pulled along a rough

horizontal surface by a 16 N force inclined at
34 to the horizontal. The coefficient of kinetic
friction between the block and the surface is 0.22.
Compute
a) The frictional force exerted on block B
b) The acceleration of block B
Ans: 4.51 N, 2.93 m s-2

Exercise 3
B
(2kg)

Friction force, fB = 10 N

a
A
(1kg)

Friction force, fA = 5 N

The diagram above shows two blocks of wood which is

moved along a rough surface by an acceleration 1 ms-2.
Compute force, F and tension of the string.
Ans: F = 18 N ; T = 12 N

Exercise 4

By referring to the above diagram. Calculate the

i) acceleration , and
ii) the tension in the string.

Ans: i) a = 1.4 m/s2 ; ii) T = 33.6 N

Exercise 5

Objects A and B are of masses 1.5 kg and 2.0 kg respectively.

They are connected in the manner as shown in Figure 2 on a
rough horizontal table. The objects are released from rest.
The acceleration of the system is 4.34 m s-2 to the left.
i) Sketch a labeled free-body force diagram for each object. (2 m)
ii) Determine the friction force between A and the table. (4 m)
Ans: 4.43 N
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Fx = 0
Fy = 0

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STATIC EQUILIBRIUM FORCE EXAMPLE

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Example

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THE END

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